Article

An annotated catalogue of the genera of Eupterotidae (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea)

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Abstract

A systematic catalogue of the 53 currently recognised genera of the family Eupterotidae SWINHOE 1892 is presented, including their synonymics, general distribution, approximate number of included species and notes on relevant nomenclatural and taxonomic issues. The genera are listed in alphabetical order by subfamily, and a checklist is also provided. A new genus, Papuapterote N_saASSIG & OBERPRIELER gen. n., is described in the Appendix, with Eupterote styx BETHUNE-BAKER 1908 as type species and P. punctata (JOICEY & TALBOT 1916) comb. n. and P. crenulata (JOICEY & TALBOT 1916) comb. n. as further included species. Two new generic synonymies are established: Tearina KIRIAKOFF 1970 = Paramarane BETHUNE-BAKER 1910 [Notodontidae: Thaumetopoeinae], syn. n., and Calapterote HOLLAND 1900 = Elachyophthalma C. FELDER 1861 [Bombycidae], syn. n. (including associated new combinations of type species). Three species are transferred to other genera: Jana yokoana (BETHUNE-BAKER 1927) comb. n. from Dreata to Jana, Apona gyraleus (ORHANT 2000) comb. n. from Ganisa to Apona and Sphingognatha Strix (BRYK 1944) comb. n. from Apha to Sphingognatha. The holotypes of Preptothatuna oxydiata DRAUDT 1931, Melanergon proserpina BETHUNE-BAKER 1904, Melanergon vidua fergussoni ROTHSCHILD 1917, Rarisquamosa arfaki BETHUNE-BAKER 19 10, Calapterote butleri HOLLAND 1900, Paramarane pulchra BETHUNE-BAKER 1910 and Epicoma nigrolineata JOICEY & TALBOT 1916 are illustrated in colour for the first time. © E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung (Nägele u. Obermiller), 2008.

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... The taxonomy of the family Eupterotidae remains largely unresolved. Recent studies have clarified the nomenclature of the family (NÄSSIG & OBERPRIELER 2007) and of the 53 currently recognised genera (NÄSSIG & OBERPRIELER 2008) and have begun to address the composition of natural groups (subfamilies) in the family (OBERPRIELER et al. 2003) and their relationships (ZWICK 2008). One such group is the "Ganisa group", an informal collective group proposed by OBERPRIELER et al. (2003) and NÄSSIG & OBERPRIELER (2008) for a number of genera not readily attributable to the formal subfamilies of Eupterotidae, including Eupterotinae, in which most of these genera had been placed before (FORBES 1955, HOLLOWAY et al. 2001. ...
... Thus far no obvious synapomorphies are apparent for this assortment of genera, and it may even represent a paraphyletic grade from which some of the other eupterotid groups could have arisen (OBERPRIELER et al. 2003). Part of the difficulty of properly delineating the Ganisa group is that its core genus, Ganisa WALKER, 1855, is in a state of considerable taxonomic confusion (NÄSSIG & OBERPRIELER 2008). Most of the known species were described from the Indian subcontinent, southern China and Sundaland, but only the fauna of the latter region has been re-viewed by HOLLOWAY (1982HOLLOWAY ( , 1987, who correctly associated at least 7 species with the genus. ...
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Two new species of the genus Ganisa WALKER, 1855 (Eupterotidae) from Indonesia are described: Ganisa pulupuluana NÄSSIG, IGNATYEV & WITT nov.sp. from Sulawesi, [Selatan, Tanah Toraja], Polo-Polo [= Pulu-Pulu], 2000 m, and Ganisa floresiaca NÄSSIG nov.sp. from Flores, (W), Prov. Nusa Tenggara Timur, Gunung Ranaka (E), 1270 m. The male holotypes of both species are deposited in Senckenberg-Museum, Frankfurt am Main; holotypes, variability and male and female (where known) genitalia are illustrated in colour, and their relationships to other Indonesian Ganisa species are briefly discussed
... The Eupterotinae are rendered paraphyletic due to the placements of Panacelinae and Striphnopteryginae. The Striphnopteryginae genus Phiala is paraphyletic with respect to Lichenopteryx, and the Ganisa group is polyphyletic due to the traditional inclusion of the genus Neopreptos [84]. Within the Anthelidae, Anthela is paraphyletic due to the placement of Nataxa and Pterolocera, a finding congruent with Zwick [20]. ...
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Background: Silkmoths and their relatives constitute the ecologically and taxonomically diverse superfamily Bombycoidea, which includes some of the most charismatic species of Lepidoptera. Despite displaying spectacular forms and diverse ecological traits, relatively little attention has been given to understanding their evolution and drivers of their diversity. To begin to address this problem, we created a new Bombycoidea-specific Anchored Hybrid Enrichment (AHE) probe set and sampled up to 571 loci for 117 taxa across all major lineages of the Bombycoidea, with a newly developed DNA extraction protocol that allows Lepidoptera specimens to be readily sequenced from pinned natural history collections. Results: The well-supported tree was overall consistent with prior morphological and molecular studies, although some taxa were misplaced. The bombycid Arotros Schaus was formally transferred to Apatelodidae. We identified important evolutionary patterns (e.g., morphology, biogeography, and differences in speciation and extinction), and our analysis of diversification rates highlights the stark increases that exist within the Sphingidae (hawkmoths) and Saturniidae (wild silkmoths). Conclusions: Our study establishes a backbone for future evolutionary, comparative, and taxonomic studies of Bombycoidea. We postulate that the rate shifts identified are due to the well-documented bat-moth "arms race". Our research highlights the flexibility of AHE to generate genomic data from a wide range of museum specimens, both age and preservation method, and will allow researchers to tap into the wealth of biological data residing in natural history collections around the globe.
... The higher classification of Eupterotidae follows Nässig and Oberprieler (2008), and the classification and nomenclature of genera and species follows Beccaloni et al. (2003), with updates from the more recent literature. ...
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Background Bombycoidea is an ecologically diverse and speciose superfamily of Lepidoptera. The superfamily includes many model organisms, but the taxonomy and classification of the superfamily has remained largely in disarray. Here we present a global checklist of Bombycoidea. Following Zwick (2008) and Zwick et al. (2011), ten families are recognized: Anthelidae, Apatelodidae, Bombycidae, Brahmaeidae, Carthaeidae, Endromidae, Eupterotidae, Phiditiidae, Saturniidae and Sphingidae. The former families Lemoniidae and Mirinidae are included within Brahmaeidae and Endromidae respectively. The former bombycid subfamilies Oberthueriinae and Prismostictinae are also treated as synonyms of Endromidae, and the former bombycine subfamilies Apatelodinae and Phitditiinae are treated as families. New information This checklist represents the first effort to synthesize the current taxonomic treatment of the entire superfamily. It includes 12,159 names and references to their authors, and it accounts for the recent burst in species and subspecies descriptions within family Saturniidae (ca. 1,500 within the past 10 years) and to a lesser extent in Sphingidae (ca. 250 species over the same period). The changes to the higher classification of Saturniidae proposed by Nässig et al. (2015) are rejected as premature and unnecessary. The new tribes, subtribes and genera described by Cooper (2002) are here treated as junior synonyms. We also present a new higher classification of Sphingidae, based on Kawahara et al. (2009), Barber and Kawahara (2013) and a more recent phylogenomic study by Breinholt et al. (2017), as well as a reviewed genus and species level classification, as documented by Kitching (2018).
... Consequently, the name Theophila Mell was unavailable under Article 13(b) of the second edition of the Code then in force (ICZN 1964) (Article 13.3 of the current edition, ICZN 1999). This unavailability was subsequently recognized by Koçak (1983), Kishida (1993) and Nässig & Oberprieler (2008). However, Fletcher & Nye (1982) had already subsequently designated Theophila pendulans as type species of Theophoba, which was thus made available as Articles 13(a)(ii) and 13(b) of the second edition of the Code then in force (ICZN 1964) (13. ...
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Seventy-seven species of family Bombycidae s. lat., belonging to 25 genera in three subfamilies, that have been recorded from China are listed and described, with illustrations of the adults, preimaginal stages (if available), and their genitalia. Keys to subfamilies and genera are provided. Two new genera and four new species are described, two subgenera are raised to generic status, seven new combinations are made, and one genus and six species are newly recorded from China. The new taxa are as follows: Rotunda Wang, X. & Zolotuhin, gen. nov., Comparmustilia Wang, X. & Zolotuhin, gen. nov., Triuncina daii Wang, X. & Zolotuhin, sp. nov., Triuncina xiongi Wang, X. & Zolotuhin, sp. nov., Gnathocinara boi Wang, X. & Zolotuhin, sp. nov. and Promustilia yajiangensis Wang, X. & Zolotuhin, sp. nov. The taxa newly recorded for China are: Sesquiluna Forbes, 1955; Trilocha friedeli Dierl, 1978; Bivincula kalikotei Dierl, 1978; Sesquiluna forbesi Zolotuhin & Witt, 2009; Mustilizans lepusa Zolotuhin, 2007; Smerkata brechlini (Zolotuhin, 2007) and Mustilia castanea Moore, 1879. The seven new combinations are: Rotunda rotundapex (Miyata & Kishida, 1990), comb. nov., Triuncina nitida (Chu & Wang, L.Y., 1993), comb. nov., Gunda sesostris (Vuillot, 1893), comb. nov., Smerkata fusca (Kishida, 1993), comb. nov., Comparmustilia sphingiformis (Moore, 1879), comb. nov., Comparmustilia semiravida (Yang, 1995), comb. nov., Comparmustilia gerontica (West, 1932), comb. nov.. The two subgenera raised to generic level are: Promustilia Zolotuhin, 2007, stat. nov. and Smerkata Zolotuhin, 2007, stat. nov.. The distributions of the species in China were determined and distributional maps provided. All type specimens of the new species described here are deposited in the College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, China (HUNAU); Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, China (SCAU); Kyushu University Museum, Kyushu University, Japan (KUM), and Entomological Museum Thomas J. Witt, Munich, Germany (MWM).
... Neither plant has commercial value although the fruit of C. armatum is edible and consumed by the Blouberg residents (Egan 2013). No scientific literature exists on H. variegata other than two early taxonomic descriptions (Rothschild 1917;Gaede 1927) and that pertaining to the classification and taxonomy of the Eupterotidae (Oberprieler et al. 2003;Oberprieler & Nässig 2008). ...
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Knowledge of the life cycle of Hemijana variegata is important for sustainable utilization of this edible insect. The fecundity and survival of H. variegata were investigated under ambient conditions in the laboratory. Eggs were laid in clutches of between 180 and 490 eggs per clutch, and took an average of 8.45 days to hatch. Hemijana variegata has five larval instars. The first-instar larvae are unable to feed on older leaves, thus survival of the larvae requires that hatching be synchronized with leaf emergence of the host plant in the field. The duration of the pupal stage varied between 32 days and more than 119 days. This wide variation may be an adaptation to annual climatic fluctuations such as years with no rain or late rainfall. This strategy might ensure their survival in areas where droughts are often experienced. The larvae had the highest mortality rate, followed by the pupae and then the eggs, with survivorship rates of 30.12 % (larvae), 63.98 % (pupae) and 98.67 % (eggs). Pupal survivorship could be higher, as 24 % of the pupae had not emerged after two years when the experiment was terminated.
... Our sampling within Bombycoidea covers all recognized families and nearly all subfamilies, except for some subfamilies of Eupterotidae (no Janinae, Striphnopteryginae and Panacelinae were sampled; sensu Nässig & Oberprieler, 2008) and of Anthelidae (no Munychryiinae were sampled); see Table S1 for details. This taxon sampling within the in-group (Bombycoidea) is almost identical to the sampling in Regier et al. (2008a), merely differing in the substitution of three saturniid species (Ceratocampinae, Eacles imperialis; Saturniinae, Saturnia mendocino and Antheraea polyphemus), with two equivalent saturniid species for which we have more complete datasets (Ceratocampinae, Citheronia sepulcralis; Saturniinae, Saturnia naessigi ), and an additional subfamily (Agliinae, Aglia tau) not sampled in Regier et al. (2008a). ...
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5 species of the genus Apha Walker, 1855 are included here under the floralis group, three of which are described as new: A. zephyrus sp. nov. (type locality: China, Yunnan, Dianceng Shan, 2.200 m), A. witti sp. nov. (type locality: China, Sichuan, Qionglai Shan, 1.400 m) and A. chloralis sp. nov. (type locality: Vietnam, Cha Val, Nam Giang, Quang Nam, 546 m). Types of all species are illustrated, biology and morphology of preimaginal instars are discussed for A. kantonensis Mell, [1930] and A. chloralis sp. nov. A new synonymy for Apha Walker, 1855 and Preptothauma Draudt, 1931 (including a single mislabeled species P. oxydiata Draudt, 1931), syn. nov. is established.
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Background The silkmoths and their relatives constitute the ecologically and taxonomically diverse superfamily Bombycoidea, which includes some of the most charismatic species of Lepidoptera. Despite displaying some of the most spectacular forms and ecological traits among insects, relatively little attention has been given to understanding their evolution and the drivers of their diversity. Results To begin to address this problem, we created a new Bombycoidea-specific Anchored Hybrid Enrichment (AHE) probe set and sampled up to 571 loci for 117 taxa across all major lineages of the Bombycoidea, producing a well-supported phylogeny. The tree was overall consistent with prior morphological and molecular studies, although some taxa (e.g., Arotros Schaus) were misplaced in the Bombycidae and here formally transferred to Apatelodidae. We identified important evolutionary patterns (e.g., morphology, biogeography, and differences in speciation and extinction), and our analysis of diversification rates highlights the stark increases that exist within the Sphingidae (hawkmoths) and Saturniidae (wild silkmoths). Conclusions We postulate that these rate shifts are due to the well-documented bat-moth “arms race” and differences in selective pressures from insectivorous bats. The study establishes a backbone for future evolutionary, comparative, and taxonomic studies, and presents a modified DNA extraction protocol that allows Lepidoptera specimens to be readily sequenced from pinned natural history collections, succeeding in samples up to 30 years old. Our research highlights the flexibility of AHE to generate genomic data from a wide range of museum specimens, both age and preservation method, and will allow researchers to tap into the wealth of biological data residing in natural history collections around the globe.
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This paper presents an annotated and illustrated catalogue of nominal species-group taxa named by G. A. W. HERRICH-SCHÄFFER in his serial publication "Sammlung neuer oder wenig bekannter aussereuropäischer Schmetterlinge" (1850-1858) for which type material and original specimens have recently been identified in the collections of the SMNS. The iden- tity of the hitherto unrecognised type specimens, mostly originating from South Africa and Surinam, could be established by original information provided by HERRICH-SCHÄFFER on the wrappers of the separately published coloured plates of the work; information which was not repeated in the main text. The printed text on the wrappers constituting an important part of the original description by HERRICH-SCHÄFFER has implications for the original generic combination and date of publication of several nominal taxa, which are discussed. For 55 nominal taxa representing 14 Lepidoptera families, syntype specimens could be identified in the SMNS collection. For another five taxa described by other authors and de- picted by HERRICH-SCHÄFFER in the work, the figured specimens could also be located and are listed. For 19 named taxa also supposedly based on SMNS material, no type specimens have been found. All taxa are treated in the catalogue with full bibliographic citations, their type specimens illustrated in colour, and with their taxonomic history and current systematic placement given. The paper also includes some historic remarks about AUGUST KAPPLER, FERDINAND KRAUSS, and CARL VON LUDWIG, as the main suppliers of the specimens con-
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The origin and historical use of all family-group names pertaining to the bombycoid family Eupterotidae are determined. The family-group name Eupterotidae takes Swinhoe, 1892 as authorship, although the name was evidently originally coined by Hampson, 1893. However, three older family-group names are available for the taxon: Striphnopterygidae Wallengren, 1858, Phialidae Wallengren, 1865 and Janidae Aurivillius, 1892. Striphnopterygidae has been used as the valid name for the family by at least ten authors until at least 1965 and again in 2006, and as a valid subfamily name throughout, but the younger Eupterotidae gained almost universal acceptance as the name of the family in the literature since about 1928. Application of Article 35.5, introduced in the current, 4th edition of the Code (ICZN 1999), allows the retention of the younger name Eupterotidae as the valid name of the family. The authorship of another bombycoid family name, Lemoniidae, is corrected from Hampson, 1918 to Neumoegen & Dyar, 1894.
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The authorships and publication dates of the taxa of Lepidoptera described in the "Reise der Novara" are reinterpreted in accordance with the information provided in the foreword to this work by Cajetan FELDER (supported by a contemporary obituary of Rudolph/Rudolf Felder by SCHINER). The new taxa of Heterocera figured on plates 75-107 ("Sphinges & Bombyces") were authored by C. FELDER & R. FELDER in 1874, while those figured on plates 108-120 (1874) and 121-140 (1875) (Noctuidae, Geometridae, Microlepidoptera and a few other groups) take C. FELDER (& R. FELDER?) or C. FELDER, (R. FELDER?) & ROGENHOFER or (rarely) ROGENHOFER alone as their authors, depending on the indication provided in the legends and explanations, which must be consulted in every individual case. A list of the taxa of Bombycoidea (in the modern, wide sense, including Sphingidae, Mimallonidae and Lasiocampidae) named by C. & R. FELDER in this work is provided, with their valid names provided as far as these were available. © E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung (Nägele u. Obermiller), 2007.
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The monotypic genus Gastridiota Turner is transferred from the Eupterotidae to the Bombycidae. The immature stages of G. adoxima (Turner), here described and figured, provide characters in addition to those of wing venation, which support the transfer. The characters include the presence in the final instar larva of minute scattered secondary setae, paired extensible filaments on some abdominal segments and a dorsal horn on abdominal segment 8. The food plant family, Moraceae, is shared with many other Bombycidae. The native species of Bombycidae in Australia are briefly discussed.
Article
Abstract Based on DNA sequences of the fusion protein carbamoylphosphate synthetase/aspartate transcarbamylase/dihydroorotase (CAD; 680 bp) and elongation factor-1α (Ef-1α; 1240 bp); the first molecular phylogeny of the moth family Anthelidae and its placement within the Bombycoidea sensu Brock (1971) (= bombycoid complex sensu Minet, 1994) is proposed. The results strongly support the monophyly of the family Anthelidae and its subfamilies Munychryiinae and Anthelinae, but demonstrate the vast polyphyly of its main genus Anthela Walker, 1855. The proposed phylogeny suggests that grass feeding, as apparent from some pest records, probably is an ancestral trait within the subfamily Anthelinae. Evolutionary relationships of the family Anthelidae and of most parts of the Bombycoidea remain obscure. However, the results contradict many of the widely accepted phylogenetic hypotheses within the Bombycoidea proposed by Minet (1994: Entomologica scandinavica, 25, 63–88). The Brahmaeidae are paraphyletic relative to the Lemoniidae (syn.nov.), and the current concept of Bombycidae is polyphyletic, with the bombycid subfamily Apatelodinae being part of a monophylum comprising Brahmaeidae / Lemoniidae, Eupterotidae and Apatelodidae (stat.rev.).
Article
Abstract This study had two aims. First, we tested the monophyly of and relationships within the ‘bombycoid complex’, an assembly of approximately 5300 species postulated by Minet to represent 12 families in three superfamilies, by sequencing five protein-coding nuclear gene regions (CAD, DDC, enolase, period, wingless; approximately 6750 bp total) in 66 representatives of most of the subfamilies and tribes. Second, we sought initial evidence on the utility of these genes for estimating relationships among Macrolepidoptera more broadly (11 superfamilies total), by adding representatives of eight families from four other superfamilies, and by assessing the phylogenetic information content of the individual genes and partitions thereof. Analysis of the combined data by likelihood and parsimony upholds monophyly for the bombycoid complex and for Bombycoidea sensu stricto (includes Anthelidae, see below), but with weak bootstrap support. Minet’s assignment of Phiditiinae to Bombycoidea rather than to Noctuoidea is strongly upheld, but Anthelidae, placed in Lasiocampoidea by Minet, group securely within Bombycoidea sensu stricto. Within the latter, the basal split segregates a strongly supported ‘BALE’ group [Apatelodinae + (Eupterotidae + (Brahmaeidae + Lemoniidae))]. The remaining families form a consistently but weakly supported clade, within which the basal split segregates the very strongly supported ‘CAPOPEM’ group [Carthaeidae, Anthelidae, Phiditiinae, (Prismostictini + (Endromidae + (Oberthueriini + Mirinidae)))]. The remaining bombycoids are grouped, very weakly, as Sphingidae + (Bombycinae + Saturniidae). All multiply-sampled families are strongly recovered, in both outgroups and ingroups, except that Bombycidae sensu Minet are rendered decisively polyphyletic. All genes make important contributions to the combined data results, and there is little strong conflict among genes or between synonymous and nonsynonymous change, although two instances of inter-gene conflict were notable, one in Lasiocampidae and one in Mimallonidae. Overall, about 75% of nodes are strongly supported (i.e. bootstrap value ≥80%). Superfamilies are recovered, but not always strongly, whereas relationships among superfamilies are recovered only weakly and inconsistently; even within the reasonably well-sampled Bombycoidea sensu stricto, a (to us) surprising number of interfamily relationships remain uncertain. Thus, it seems clear that substantially more genes, plus additional taxon sampling in most superfamilies, will be required to resolve macrolepidopteran phylogeny.
Article
Also available in an electronic version via the Internet at: http://nla.gov.au/nla.aus-vn2352422.
The following persons also kindly provided specimens and/or information for this study
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), BMNH (I. J. kitching, M. R. honey, J. d. holloWay, g. MaRtin and other colleagues), CMNH (J. E. RaWlins), Museum Witt, München (T. J. Witt, W. speidel), NHMW (M. lödl), ZFMK (D. stüning), ZSM (A. hausMann, u. buchsbauM), MNHU (W. Mey). The following persons also kindly provided specimens and/or information for this study: H. bänzigeR (Chiangmai), T. bouyeR (Chênée), K. Černý (Innsbruck), †E. W. diehl (formerly Sumatra), D. heRbin (Toulouse), J. D. holloWay (London), N. ignatyeV (Uljanovsk), S. nauMann (Berlin), G.
Type species: Eupterote styx bethune-bakeR 1908(: 176), by present designation
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  • Pterothysanidae
  • Sematuridae
  • Uraniidae Thyatiridae
fletcheR, D. S. (1979): Geometroidea: Apoprogonidae, Axiidae, Callidulidae, Cyclidiidae, Drepanidae, Epicopeiidae, Epiblemidae, Geometridae, Pterothysanidae, Sematuridae, Thyatiridae, Uraniidae.-In: nye, I. W. B. (ed.), The generic names of moths of the world, vol. 3.-London (Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History)), xx + 243 pp.
The generic names of moths of the world
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Animaux articulés, pp. 33-98, col. pls. 11-27 in: delesseRt, A., Souvenirs d'un voyage dans l'Inde.-Paris, 3 + 134 + 107 pp., 15 pls. [Not seen
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guéRin-MéneVille, F. E. (1843): Animaux articulés, pp. 33-98, col. pls. 11-27 in: delesseRt, A., Souvenirs d'un voyage dans l'Inde.-Paris, 3 + 134 + 107 pp., 15 pls. [Not seen, cited after fletcheR & nye (1982) and hoRn & schenkling (1928).]
Bibliotheca Entomologica Die Litteratur über das ganze Gebiet der Entomologie bis zum Jahre 1862
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hagen, h. a. (1862): Bibliotheca Entomologica. Die Litteratur über das ganze Gebiet der Entomologie bis zum Jahre 1862. Erster Band, A-M.-Leipzig (W. Engelmann), 566 pp. [Facsimile reprint edition 2002 in one volume, Mansfield Centre, CT, USA (Martino Publ.).]
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A bibliographical and systematic account of the entomological works of Jacob hübneR and the supplements thereto by
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holloWay, J. d., kibby, g., & peggie, d. (2001) The families of Malesian moths and butterflies. (Fauna Malesiana Handbook 3.)-Leiden, Boston, Köln (Brill), xi + 455 pp. hoRn, W., & schenkling, S. (1928): Index Litteraturae Entomologicae. Serie I: Die Welt-Literatur über die gesamte Entomologie bis inklusive 1863. Band 1, 2.-Berlin-Dahlem (the authors), pp. 1-352, 1 pl.; 353-704, 1 pl.
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Family Callidulidae.-Pp. 4-9 in: The moths of South Africa. Volume III. Cymatophoridae, Callidulidae and Noctuidae (partim)
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Janse, a. J. t. (1937): Family Callidulidae.-Pp. 4-9 in: The moths of South Africa. Volume III. Cymatophoridae, Callidulidae and Noctuidae (partim).-Durban (E. P. & Commercial Printing).
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1848" [dating following fletcheR & nye 1982: 115]): Aufzählung und Beschreibung der von fReiheRRn Carl V. hügel auf seiner Reise durch Kaschmir und das Himaleyagebirge gesammelten Insecten.-Pp. 393-496, 581586, pls. I-XXII in
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Thousand insects of Japan: 1-141, pls. 1-16. [Not seen
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Beiträge zur Fauna sinica. V. Die Brahmaeiden und Eupterotiden Chinas. -Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift
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Zur Geschichte der ostasiatischen Lepidopteren. I. Die Hebung Zentralasiens, das westchinesische Refugium zentralasiatischer Abkömmlinge und die Verbreitungsachse Sikkim/Kashiaberge-Zentralformosa (Achse V)
---(1958): Zur Geschichte der ostasiatischen Lepidopteren. I. Die Hebung Zentralasiens, das westchinesische Refugium zentralasiatischer Abkömmlinge und die Verbreitungsachse Sikkim/Kashiaberge-Zentralformosa (Achse V). Beiträge zur Fauna sinica XXV. -Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, Berlin, N.F. 5 (1/2): 185-213.
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  • T Miyata
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