Article

The Treatise on Indian Medicinal Plants. Publications and Information Directorate

Authors:
To read the full-text of this research, you can request a copy directly from the authors.

No full-text available

Request Full-text Paper PDF

To read the full-text of this research,
you can request a copy directly from the authors.

... Traditionally, it is used as an anthelminthic, for diabetes, and for various other disorders [95], but it is also used for its antibacterial properties for treatment of diarrhea [96]. Gossypium herbaceum is used as an abortifacient, contraceptive, and diuretic agent [53,97,98]. G. herbaceum has been used in traditional medicine from Africa [78,99] to India [100,101] to treat a large range of disorders [53]. ...
... Biological activities. The pharmacological study of this plant reveals antibacterial, anticonvulsive, antidepressant, anti-diabetic, anti-fertility, anthelmintic, antioxidant, antitoxic, anti-spermatogenesis, antitumor, anti-ulcer, antiviral, abortive, contraceptive, and diuretic activities [51,53,97,98]. ...
Article
Full-text available
The use of plants for therapeutic purposes is an ancestral practice that dates back to the earliest times in the history of mankind. Even today the exploitation of plants for medicinal purposes plays a big role for the communities, especially in Africa, despite advances in modern medicine. According to the World Health Organization, about 80% of the population in developing countries use plants for their primary health care. In Niger, the use of medicinal plants is a foundation of traditional medicine across all ages. It remains a very common practice, especially in rural areas. This practice concerns all ages of life, including mother–child care. In infants and young children, mothers use plants as fortifiers for their prophylactic or curative powers, or to facilitate growth and weight gain, and also to fight major causes of infant morbidity and mortality. Mothers also use medicinal plants for their galactogenic power to stimulate lactation. This is even more important in rural areas where breastfeeding is the main source of infant nutrition. Over the years, these medicinal plants have been the subject of chemical and biological investigations to back up their therapeutic potential and virtues. This study aims to summarize current knowledge on the most commonly used medicinal plants in Niger in mother–child care. This helps emphasize the validation of ancestral medicinal plants through the scientific evaluation of the bioactive components and mechanisms. Elements of sustainability are discussed in future developments.
... It goes by the name's Indian ginseng, winter cherry, and ashwagandha. Approximately one centimeter long, greenish or yellowish, are its flowers 180,181 . Old Indian Sanskrit writings refer to ashwagandha as a "Medhya rasayana.". ...
... It is frequently used in Ayurveda and goes by the name Indian ginseng. It is a component of numerous formulations recommended as a general tonic to boost energy, enhance all-around health, and lengthen life [180][181] . ...
... Anti-inflammatory Turmeric, Ginger (Vendruscolo et al. 2006), Fenugreek (Wani and Kumar 2018), Lesser cardamom, Long pepper, Carom seeds (Thangam and Dhananjayan 2003), Anise, and Saffron (Hosseinzadeh and Younesi 2002) 4 Antinociceptive Ginger (Vendruscolo et al. 2006), Fenugreek, Nutmeg, Clove, Pepper, Anise, Fennel, andSaffron (Hosseinzadeh andYounesi 2002) 5 Antimicrobial Turmeric, Onion, Cinnamon, Clove, Long pepper, Anise (Ruberto et al. 2000), Fennel, Tamarind (Doughari 2006), and Mint (Marin et al. 2006) 6 Hypotensive Corianders, Ginger, and Mint (Lahlou et al. 2002) 7 Antipyretic Ginger, Fenugreek (Chatterjee and Pakrashi 1991), Lesser cardamom, Nutmeg, Asafoetida, Anise, Fennel, and Tamarind (Izquierdo et al. 2007) 8 Anticancer ...
... Fenugreek (Chatterjee and Pakrashi 1991), Cumin, Clove, Asafoetida (Saleem et al. 2001), Fennel, andMustard (Qiblawi andKumar 1999) from those plants which are cultivated in hot or tropical environment. Since the ancient times, spices are the most common food complements in the world especially in India, China, and other Asian countries. ...
... A preliminary study of phytoconstituents of seeds by Nair and Grampurohit showed the presence of phytosterols, fixed oils and fats, phenolic compounds and tannins and amino acid and carbohydrates (Nair and Grampurohit, 1996). Cucurbitacin B and isocucurbitacin B have been isolated from its root (Chatterjee and Pakrashi, 1995;Chopda et al., 1958). ...
... Ointments, toothpaste, emulsions, liquors, hair and skin care products, natural and organic cosmetics, and medicinal cosmetics are all made with neem oil. 7 However, using dried neem seeds, neem oil can be extracted chemically (solvent extraction) or mechanically (hot or cold process). Through cold pressing, the best neem oil with the majority of phytoconstituents intact is obtained. ...
Article
Full-text available
This study shows that a blend of pine and neem seed oils was used as a natural ingredient in a liquid disinfectant to combat bacteria. The liquid disinfectant that was produced was found to possess antibacterial qualities against Staphylococcus aureus and not on Escherichia coli as obtained from the analysis. When applied against Staphylococcus aureus, the produced liquid disinfectant at concentrations of 50 and 100 mg/ml demonstrated a larger zone of inhibition as commercial liquid disinfectant, according to the analysis, but it had no effect on Escherichia coli. In contrast, the lower concentrations of 25 and 12.5 mg/ml were less effective against Staphylococcus aureus. This new product is a natural liquid disinfectant that is free of chemicals like chloroxylon, artificial colorant, and sodium sulfate (SLS).
... Merremia emarginata A herb that grows horizontally and belongs to the Convolvulceae family. It is a much-branchedherb, growing several years on ground places (Chatterjee et al., 1997). I.R is Diuretic, purgative, in nature (Usnale et al., 2009), it is used to treat a variety of conditions including epilepsy, migraines, rheumatic conditions, neuralgia, headache, skin disease, cough, ulcers, abscesses and urinary and kidney related conditions (Jabeen et al., 2013). ...
Article
Background: The Convolvulceae family, which includes the several climbing herbs and weeds in the genus Ipomoea, is widely used in Ayurvedic, Unani and Siddha medicine. These plants are found across India. The current study to explore the Neuroprotective effect of naturally isolated scopoletin (ISCN) compound from Ipomoea reniformis (Choisy), Ipomoea cairica (L.) and Ipomoea triloba (L.) on learning and memory impairment in amnestic Swiss albino mice model. Methods: There was no mortality observed at intraperitoneal maximum dosages up to 100 mg/kg body weight; the ISCN showed a significant safety margin. The Neuroprotective Effect of ISCN was evaluated by taking various doses (3, 6, 12 mg/kg i.p), standard piracetam (150 mg/kg; i.p) and scopolamine (1 mg/kg; i.p.)to produce amnesia in mice by using Interoceptive includes estimation of acetyl cholinesterase (AchE) activity and extroceptive animal models include the Morris-water maze (MWM), object recognition test (ORT), passive avoidance test (PAT). Result: The memory score significantly improved after dosing of ISCN and standard piracetam in comparison with scopolamine-producing amnesia in mice. Dose-dependent ISCN shows significant (P less than 0.01) improvement in Escape Latency in MWM, improvement in step-down latency in PAT, mice spent more time exploring the novel object in ORT and dose-dependent ISCN shows significant inhibition of AchE in mice brain. This finding indicates that ISCN may exert a neuroprotective effect by inhibiting the AchE enzyme. ISCN has the potential to be therapeutically beneficial for reducing some of the memory impairments linked to Alzheimer’s.
... The proximate analysis of nutrients such as crude fibre, crude protein, crude fat, crude carbohydrates, ash value, moisture content and mineral contents such as Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu of M. esculenta fruits were evaluated. [40,41] The results reported in Table 4 supported the use of fruit for nutritional purpose and adequate protection may be obtained against diseases arising from malnutrition if consumed in sufficient amount. anxiolytic, hepatoprotective, chemopreventive, hypotensive and wound healing activity by using a number of in vitro and in vivo animal models, which prove the traditional utilization of this plant scientifically. ...
Article
Full-text available
Myrica esculenta (Myricaceae) commonly known as Himalayan bayberry or kaphal is an important Indian medicinal plant. It is found in foothill tracks of Eastern Himalayas (Uttarakhand, Garhwal), Meghalaya, Nepal, China and Pakistan. Local tribes mainly use its fruits to prepare pickle and refreshing drinks. Traditionally, the bark has been used for the treatment of cough, asthma, fever, chronic bronchitis, diarrhoea, rheumatism and inflammation; roots have been used in bronchitis, asthma, cholera and flowers claimed to treat earache, diarrhoea, paralysis.. The fruit of Myrica esculenta contains ascorbic acids, phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids. The main compounds found in the fruit are hydroxybenzoic acid, gallic acid, p-coumaricacid, caffeic acid, catechin, ellagic acid, trans-cinnamic acid, chlorogenic acid, and myricetin. It is also a goodsource of protein, carbohydrates, and vitamin C. Therefore, fruits are used in the making of many foods and beverages like jams, syrups, etc. It has anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, and antifungal activities. The objective of the present review article is to compile all the relevant published information regarding traditional uses, phytochemistry and therapeutic potential of M. esculenta. For this purpose various databases and books were examined. The review clearly demonstrates the importance of this plant in ethnomedicine and its immense potential in modern medicine.
... External application in the form of paste is useful in scabies and ring worms. Rhizomes yield a kind of nutritious arrowroot given to children for dysentery and diarrhoea (Chatterjee and Pakrashi, 1991 [15] ; Kirtikar and Basu, 1975) [49] . Various elements present in lotus pre dried rhizomes at 150 o are Ca-1.15%, ...
Article
Full-text available
The national flower of our country [Nelumbo nucifera, (2n = 16)} should tie in with the culture, history and heritage of a nation. There are two species in lotus-Nelumbo nucifera and Nelumbo lutea. The alkaloids of lotus embryos were found to possess hypotensive effects. The plant parts of lotus are edible and are used as food sources. They are the natural bioactive compounds found in plants, which are solely responsible for their medicinal activity. The secondary metabolites viz., alkaloids, steroids, tannins, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, etc. play a major role against various activities. In the traditional system of medicine, the different parts of the plant are reported to possess beneficial effects for the treatment of common infections, skin, respiratory and reproductive diseases. Hence, it is considered as an ornamental and medicinal plant for the current era. Here, we comprehensively reviewed floral biology, medicinal, nutritional, ornamental importance and so on. This will kindle the interest of the researchers to take up studies on pharmaceutical aspects.
... [17] It has been used as an astringent, diuretic, and tonic in the Ayurvedic medical system to treat disorders like asthma, skin conditions, heart conditions, musculoskeletal discomfort, urinary infections, lack of libido and unintended weight loss. [18] The roots, seeds and leaves of the plant were found to possess the chemical constituents viz. ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, vasicinol, vasicinone, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, N-methyl Tryptophan and flavanones. ...
... In India, it is regularly found in Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Kerala, Bihar, Gujarat, and Rajasthan rising to 900 m in the hills. [7][8][9] Looking into its above important activity the present research studies were carried out to investigate the I. reniformis (Choisy) ethnomedicinal plant for its quality, purity, and identification with the help of Pharmacognostic, Physicochemical, and Phytochemicals evaluation. ...
... The seeds are carminative, stimulant, diuretic, emmenagogue, galactagouge and are used in the treatment of mild cases of puerperal fever. 46 Arabians believe that black seed (Upakunchika) N. sativa is the panacea for all diseases. Seed contains poisonous saponin malanthine, bitter alkaloid -nigellin, essential oil-cymine, nigellone, carvone, limonene and nigellimine. ...
Article
Full-text available
Background: Our ancient seers recognised the value of Aahara Aushadhi (medications in the form of diet) and adopted different cooking methods with addition of condiments to make our daily meal, our daily potion of health. Jeeraka is one of the herbs that has been well amalgamated in the daily food in Indian subcontinent. Though it is used regularly as a spice, its therapeutic benefits are not known to all. Besides, the same Jeeraka can be modified into different dosage forms and treat a number of diseases like Grahani (Irritable Bowel Syndrome), Agnimandya (loss of appetite), Jwara (fever) etc. Out of the countless formulations of Jeeraka, this research aims to see its potentials as mentioned in Bhaishajya Ratnavali. Materials and Methods: The present review has compiled the formulations containing any of the Jeeraka Traya i.e. Krishna Jeeraka, Shveta Jeeraka and Kalaunji from Bhaishajya Ratnavali. Recent researches regarding the pharmaceutical benefits also have been screened. Results and Discussion: Total 242 formulations contained Jeeraka. Out of these, maximum formulations are used in the treatment of Grahani. Conclusion: The present work showed that Jeeraka had been used in different dosage forms in 44 diseases.
... P.z has been used traditionally in India, to treat enlargement of the abdomen, anemia, diabetes, leucoderma, leprosy, diarrohea, dyspepsia, elephantiasis, piles, and skin diseases including leprotic lesions and for birth control. [12][13][14] Other species of Plumbaginaceae commonly found in India is Plumbago indica. The roots of Plumbago zeylanica and Plumbago indica (P.i) may simulate each other in dried condition and this may lead to either intentional or unintentional adulteration. ...
Article
Full-text available
Man has relied on plants as a source of therapeutic agents for centuries. Today, with the specter of antibiotic resistance, emerging infectious diseases, and cancers, phytochemicals continue to provide new structural leads for chemotherapeutic industry. Roots of Plumbago zeylanica, commonly named as white leadwort was used to treat various ailments in oriental medicines including cancer. The two most common Plumbago species in India are Plumbago zeylanica and Plumbago indica. Due to their morphological similarity the roots of two species are often misidentified and adulterated. Hence, this study was carried out to properly identify the roots of Plumbago zeylanica employing light microscopy and qualitatively characterize the phytochemicals in it. In addition, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), ultraviolet/visible-and infrared-spectroscopy was done to identify and quantify the active principle (plumbagin) in roots of Plumbago zeylanica procured from Chennai, India. The anatomical sectioning showed the structural difference between the roots of two species. The phytochemical evaluation revealed presence of various pharmacologically active components such as flavonoids, tannins, saponins and phytosterols. The TLC and UV studies showed the presence of plumbagin at the concentration of 0.1% w/w in the plant extract. Further infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of plumbagin in alcoholic root extract of Plumbago zeylanica. Presence of beneficial phytochemicals justifies its wide use as antioxidant, cardiotonic, anticancer, antibacterial and as chemopreventive agent against numerous pathological conditions in several traditional medical systems practiced across Asia.
... Acacia catechu Willd (Khair) that belongs to family Fabaceae (Troup 1921) is a moderate size deciduous tree containing yellowish white sapwood and dark or light red heartwood (Sharma 1981). Khair is found in drier regions of the sub-Himalayan tract up to an altitude of 1,200 m from Punjab to northeastern states, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu (Chatterjee and Pakrashi 2006). Khair is found growing in both natural and plantation forms in most of the parts of the country (Singh and Lal 2006) and is usually 2.5 feet in girth and 25 feet in height (Kulkarni 1956). ...
Article
Full-text available
Khair (Acacia catechu Willd) is a deciduous tree containing dark red heartwood inside the sapwood and belongs to the family Fabaceae. It yields mainly two products Katha and cutch which have many medicinal benefits and industrial uses. Katha is an indispensable ingredient of Paan preparations in India. The present study was carried out in Ratnagiri district of Konkan region of Maharashtra state to assess the Katha yield using traditional method of extraction. The heartwood of Khair was divided into different girth classes viz up to 30 cm, 30 to 40 cm and 40 to 50 cm. The extraction of Katha was done by chipping and boiling of heartwood. The results revealed that the recovery of Katha ranged from 5.06 to 6.68 per cent with overall recovery of 5.97 per cent. The maximum recovery was reported in the girth class 40 to 50 cm while minimum in girth class up to 30 cm. The study showed that as the girth of heartwood increased the recovery of Katha was also increased.
... Stimulated by the reaction between plant hormones and powerful growth regulating chemicals produced by insects or mites, these galls are formed due to the attack by gall wasp, Cynipsgallaetinctoriae or Adleriagallaetinctoria, which deposits its eggs there 4 . These eggs once converted to larvae are surrounded by tissues of the growing gall 5 . These galls of Quercus infectoria also known as Galla Turcica. ...
Article
Introduction: Exploring medicinal plants for novel therapeutic strategies is the need of the day. This is because of drug resistance against most of the available drugs. Natural products serve as a safe and potential alternative. This review focuses on Quercus infectoria, a plant belonging to family-Fagaceae with potential therapeutic usage. The aim of this review is to explore the ethnopharmacological properties of Quercus infectoria in various diseases and to explore the mechanism of action responsible for a specific potential of Quercus infectoria such as anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory etc. Methods: Historical data about the Quercus infectoria plant has been collected by virtue of systematic search and review through the unpublished, published resources, databases regionally and globally. Results: Quercus infectoria extracts and various pure compounds such as tannic acid, gallic acid, ellagic acid, methyl gallate have been reported to possess significant therapeutic potential against various diseases such as diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disorders. There have been some reports on the molecular mechanism behind their medicinal value. Pure compounds/constituents of Quercus infectoria which are responsible for these therapeutic efficacies have been less explored. Conclusion: Quercus infectoria has shown activities against various ailments such as diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, antimicrobial activity, anti-inflammatory, anticancer etc. Moreover, when explored on the mechanistic aspect, it was found that it mediates its function by modulating various signaling/metabolic pathways such as AKT signaling, NF-кB and JAK/STAT pathways. However, more studies need to be focused on in vivo investigation of its medicinal importance in animal models along with pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and toxicity.
... Acacia catechu Willd (Khair) that belongs to family Fabaceae (Troup 1921) is a moderate size deciduous tree containing yellowish white sapwood and dark or light red heartwood (Sharma 1981). Khair is found in drier regions of the sub-Himalayan tract up to an altitude of 1,200 m from Punjab to northeastern states, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu (Chatterjee and Pakrashi 2006). Khair is found growing in both natural and plantation forms in most of the parts of the country (Singh and Lal 2006) and is usually 2.5 feet in girth and 25 feet in height (Kulkarni 1956). ...
Article
Full-text available
Khair (Acacia catechu Willd) is a deciduous tree containing dark red heartwood inside the sapwood and belongs to the family Fabaceae. It yields mainly two products Katha and cutch which have many medicinal benefits and industrial uses. Katha is an indispensable ingredient of Paan preparations in India. The present study was carried out in Ratnagiri district of Konkan region of Maharashtra state to assess the Katha yield using traditional method of extraction. The heartwood of Khair was divided into different girth classes viz up to 30 cm, 30 to 40 cm and 40 to 50 cm. The extraction of Katha was done by chipping and boiling of heartwood. The results revealed that the recovery of Katha ranged from 5.06 to 6.68 per cent with overall recovery of 5.97 per cent. The maximum recovery was reported in the girth class 40 to 50 cm while minimum in girth class up to 30 cm. The study showed that as the girth of heartwood increased the recovery of Katha was also increased.
... The plant is efficient, validated for hepatoprotective activity, and used to treat different liver disorders (Gilani et al. 2005). The leaf infusion of the plant is considered a vermifuge against intestinal parasites, and the plant is also effective against insect poisons (Asima and Satyesh 2001;George and Roger 2000). The leaf powder is also effective against skin diseases and is used as an inferior alternative for cinchona in fevers (Kapoor 2000;Sujatha and Ranjitha Kumari 2007). ...
Article
Artemisia vulgaris is a medicinally important essential oil-yielding plant belonging to Asteraceae, used as a traditional remedy against chronic diseases. The essential oil of this plant has been used as an insect repellent and antimicrobial agent. The growing concern of antibiotic resistance has forced to find an alternative way to control multi-drug-resistant urinary tract-infecting bacterial pathogens by using the essential oil and leaf extract of A. vulgaris for the first time. The antibacte-rial activity showed that the essential oil (in situ, ex vitro) and leaf crude extract (ex vitro) are highly effective on all human urinary tract-infecting pathogens. In contrast, ex vitro plant-mediated essential oil is most significant with an 18.07 ± 0.17-mm inhibition zone against Klebsiella pneumoniae. The ex vitro plants are also superior to the in situ plants for obtaining greater extract and essential oil content (950 µl), over a time period of 12 wk. To obtain the ex vitro plants, meta-topolin is used for in vitro regeneration of A. vulgaris for the first time, showing the highest mean shoot number (98.11 ± 0.31) regen-eration after 42 d, which is more significant in comparison with other studies conducted till date. The cytogenetic stability of the regenerated plantlets has been checked using start codon targeted polymorphism and cytological studies, conferring the homogeneity among regenerants along with in situ plant. Furthermore, the essential oil of the ex vitro plants was analysed through gas-chromatography mass spectroscopy, which detected a few compounds with bio-significance from A. vulgaris, including 2-carene, 2-(4-nitrophenyl) acetamide, β-guaiene, α-acorenol, and 10,12-Tricosadiyonic.
... Leaves helps in treatment of epistaxis, haemoptysis, hyperlipidaemia, haematuria, metrorrhagia and haematemesis (Onishi et al., 1984). Lotus rhizomes can be beneficial against chronic dyspepsia, dysentery, diuretic and cholagogue (Kirtikar and Basu, 1918;Chatterjee and Pakrashi, 1991) while flowers are used in cholera, diarrhoea, fever and gastric ulcers (Chopra et al., 1956). Likewise, another aquatic vegetable wasabi (Wasabia japonica) member of cruciferae family have been using as a medicine since the ancient times. ...
Chapter
Full-text available
Aquatic vegetables are commonly found in moist areas, alongside rivers, ditches, drainage channels, ponds, and the sea. They are rich sources of various minerals such as nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, etc., vitamins, carbohydrates, fat, dietary fibers, and other biochemical compounds such as phenols, flavonoids, antioxidants, etc., which are beneficial for human health. Several aquatic plants are used to treat cholera, diarrhea, fever, and gastric ulcers and possess anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, and anti-fungal properties. Apart from this, they are involved in biodiesel production and phytoremediation of several toxic elements such as mercury, cadmium, nickel, arsenic, nitrates, etc. Most commonly consumed aquatic vegetables are water spinach (lpomoea aquatica), stems of water chestnut (Eleocharis sp.), lotus root (Nelumbo nucifera), water dropwort (Oenanthe stolonifera), cordon Euryale (Euryale ferox), water rice (Zizania latifolia, Z. aquatica), etc.
... Decoction of stem bark is concentrated at low temperatures and applied to cure joint pains (Chopra et al., 1986). ...
Article
Full-text available
The use of synthetic drugs to overcome bone ailments causes severe side effects, but the application of herbals is helpful in maintaining bone health and accelerating bone mending. Currently, there is no oral allopathic medicine to hasten bone healing, though folk and traditional practices have adopted herbal to fasten the recovery from bone ailments. Earliest recovery is a universally desired phenomenon, especially for elderly people where many more cases of traumatic injuries are common along the compromised body immunity. The computerized database search engines, such as Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer Link, etc., and textbooks were used to collect all relevant information about barks for bone mending activity published from 1990 onwards using certain keywords such as bark, folklore/ traditional bone healing practices, and phytopharmacology. The results obtained were compiled to make this review and related information is tabulated herewith. Traditional herbal bone healing exists in every society in the world. The plant barks of a few species (e.g., Ficus religiosa, Prunus cerasoides, Terminalia arjuna, etc.) have outstanding significance for bone healing because of their special chemical composition and novel properties to reduce swelling, pain, soreness, and speedy recovery of functions. Mostly bark extracts are rich in polyphenols, and minerals, represented with antioxidant, immunostimulatory, antibacterial properties, etc. There is a diversity of bark utilization for bone healing from different plant species, globally, of which only a few have been phytopharmacologically deciphered. Validated bark ingredients as medicine or food supplements are more useful due to the least side effects. Entrepreneurs have a scope to use bioactive obtained from plant barks that have not been scientifically screened till now. The research focused on the commercial application of plant barks as green medicine needs fingerprints of bioactive and clinically validated data including the concentration of biomarkers in the blood (IC50) for reducing the healing period. Phytopharmacological screening of barks used in folk medicine and synthesizing the therapeutics at mega quantities in industries is an array of hopes for sustainable utilization of natural resources. The bio-stimulating knowledge of certain herbal ingredients will be helpful in the development of synergistic formulations for rapid bone mending.
... As the drug is found beneficial in this disease, it should also effect the blood vessels and may reflect a dilatory effect on them, which helps in lowering the blood pressure. Other reason might be the ingredients, most of them like Ajwain Desi (Tachyspermum ammi Linn.), Badiyan (Foeniculam vulgare), Pudina (Mentha arvensis Linn), Darchini (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), Zeera Siyah (Carum carvi Linn), Zeera Safaid (Cuminum cyminum) and Naushadar (Ammonium chloride) functions as diuretics and by this diuretic effect they can lower the blood pressure [10,11,12,13 . The Studies on Ajwain desi (Tachyspermum ammi Linn.) proved its hypotensive property [14] . ...
... Have been shown to have anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. It may also be useful in treating hypercholesterolemia by reducing LDL levels [8] . The bark powder has been found to possess cardioprotective properties, anti-ischaemic, antioxidant action [9] , hypocholesterolaemic effect, fungicidal [10] , antimicrobial, anti-bacterial, anti-fertility, treatment of ulcers, skin disorders and as antidote to poisons. ...
... [60] PHYTOCHEMICALS Phytochemical studies revealed the presence of diaboline (major alkaloid) and its acetate brucine, loganin, mannose, sucrose, arachidonic, lignoceric, linoleic, oleic, palmitic, and stearic acids [61] . On saponification of the oil: β-sitosterol, stigmasterol (also in leaves and bark along with campesterol); oleanolic acid and its 3β acetate, saponins containing acid oleanic, galactose and mannose (seeds) and triterpenes and sterols mannogalactans [62] . ...
Article
Full-text available
Osteoarthritis is the most common degenerative from of joint disease. It will produce spontaneous worse symptoms. The conventional medicines are only for symptomatic relief and also have significant adverse effect. The prognosis of the disease is also worst. Worldwide interest is on the natural medicinal compounds for safe and effective treatment. Many medicinal plants have NSAID effect to relieve the causes of Osteoarthritis. Some of them are scientifically validated. Here in this review we have discussed some of the potent anti-arthritic effect which plays a way for further research on joint disease.
... This plant has also shown antiviral activity against equine herpes virus I (17) , herpes simplex virus I (18) and Foot and mouth disease virus (19) . Researched antiviral activity of this extract is because of its alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, niazimin, phenolic compounds and terpenoids (20) . Due to the projected potential antiviral activity of Moringa oleifera, it is proposed that it can also possess antiinfluenza activity. ...
Article
Introduction: Influenza is an extremely communicable respirational disease with widespread morbidity and mortality. Amantadine is a standard drug used against influenza virus and blocks its replication by preventing uncoating of the virus. Moringa oleifera is an herbal plant with extensive therapeutic effects and has established antiviral potential against Equine herpes virus 1 and Herpes simplex virus1. Objective: Comparison of cytotoxic and anti-influenza potential of Moringa oleifera leaves and amantadine. Methods: This project was done in the department of Pharmacology Shaikh Zayed Postgraduate Medical Institute in collaboration with University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore. Influenza virus (H9) was obtained from Quality Operational Lab (UVAS) followed by its identification by using standardized method of haemagglutination inhibition assay and quantification by haemagglutination assay and tissue culture infective dose (TCID50). Ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves (EEOMOL) was produced using soxhlet apparatus. Fibroblast cell line established from chicken embryo was used for testing of cytotoxic and anti-influenza potential of EEOMOL and amantadine using MTT assay. Results: EEOMOL has higher CC50 (100ug/ml) value compared to that of amantadine (50ug/ml). Regarding antiviral activity, EEOMOL showed significantly better (P< 0.05) anti influenza activity (0.78µg/ml to 100ug/ml) as compared to that of amantadine (12.5ug/ml to 50ug/ml). Conclusion: These findings conclude that Moringa oleifera leaves possess wider range of anti- influenza activity compared to amantadine.
... It is also used in Convulsions [31] , Epileptic fits [11] . Antidotes It is used as an antidote in snake bites [29], [36], [37] and also as an antidote for rabid dog's bite [28] . The seeds are prescribed externally in suppurations due to poisonous bites [27] . ...
Article
Full-text available
Hamsapadi, Adiantum lunulatum Burm.f. (A. Philippense Linn) usually known as 'Walking Maiden hair fern' is used as an ornamental plant and widely distributed in India. It is commonly found in wet, shaded areas and on moist mud walls during monsoon. It is a drug with a significant ethno-botanical & therapeutic importance. It was in use since time immemorial for medicinal and other uses. Several phyto-constituents have been isolated and identified from different parts of the plant such as Carotenoids, Flavonoids, Nortriterpene-adiantone etc. The dried whole plant has been used as a medicine for bronchitis and cough. It is used in bleeding diseases, burning sensation, erysipelas, epileptic fits, dysentery, strangury and elephantiasis. Few studies have been undertaken till date to substantiate its pharmacological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, hypotensive etc. This article reviews the complete details of the drug such as Morphology, Distribution, Ethno botanical claims, and Pharmacological activities.
... The Western Ghat region of India, in particular, contains an abundance of medicinal plants. In our laboratory, we are currently conducting a large-scale study of medicinal plants for their phytochemical, biological, and pharmacological capabilities, including antifertility properties [6,7]. We present in this work, the antifertility efficacy of the bark of the plant Jatropha carcus as part of this research programme. ...
Article
Full-text available
Aim of present study was to assess the antifertility activity of ethanolic (EtJC) and aqueous (AqJC) leaf extract of Jatropha carcus in rats. The anti-fertility activity of the extracts was evaluated using two experimental animal models. Estrogenic activity was carried out in immature female rats using ethinyl estradiol as standard. The evaluation parameters included changes in uterine weight and histopathology of uterus. Anti-implantation and early abortifacient activity was performed in female Wistar rats. The number of implants and resorbtions were compared to vehicle control. Phytochemical analysis of EtJC and AqJC revealed the presence of carbohydrates, amino acids, steroids, glycosides, flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins. In estrogenic activity, the EtJC and AqJC were offered significant estrogen-like activity at 400mgkg-1, p.o. by increasing the uterine weight compared to vehicle control group. In Anti-implantation and early abortifacient activity study, EtJC (400 mgkg-1, p.o.) showed significant effect and it was evident by decrease in the number of implants and increase in the number of resorbtions compared to vehicle control group. The EtJC at 400 mgkg-1, p.o. possess significant estrogenic, anti-implantation and early abortifacient activity, while the AqJC at 400 mgkg-1, p.o. was found to possess significant estrogenic activity and the results are in consistent with the literature reports related to anti-fertility effect of flower extracts of Jatropha carcus.
... Some important Indian medicinal plant literatures [8][9][10][11][12] were consulted for ensuring authentic identification and usages of the collected plant species. During the survey and collection, information on 55 plants were collected and recorded. ...
Article
Full-text available
In Assam, ninety-six numbers of different tea and ex-tea garden tribes are residing mainly in the "Labour Lines" within the Tea Estates (TE) and neighbouring villages of TEs. Like other communities of Assam, raising plants as bio fencing as well as in the backyard garden is a traditional practice among tea garden tribes (TGT). A significantly large section of TGT relies on age old traditional system of healing by collecting herbs from their backyard and nearby forest. An ethnobotanical study was carried out through personal and group interviews with the tribal practioners in order to document the indigenous traditional knowledge (ITK) about these plants. Fifty-five (55) numbers of plant species distributed over 32 families have been documented that included almost all types of plants from trees to herbs. Highest number of plant species were found under the family Leguminaceae followed by Euphorbiaceae which were utilized for preparation of the medicine. Among all, leaves were the most frequently used plant part followed by bark and flower belonging to perennial, annual, bi perennial and semi-annual type. The study also underlines the potentials need for the documentation of traditional ecological knowledge pertaining to the medicinal plant utilization for the greater benefit of mankind.
... FB has been used in Indian ancient medicine to manage various ailments including Central nervous system disorders. 32 Our objective was to evaluate the antioxidant effect, AChE inhibitory activity and phytochemical screening of different extracts of aerial root of Ficus benghalensis. ...
Article
Full-text available
Aim and objective: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the antioxidant effect, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory effect and phytochemical screening of different extracts of aerial root extract of Ficus benghalensis using in-vitro methods. Methods: The aerial root extract was prepared by successive extraction method using different organic solvents having increasing order of polarity. FB aerial root extract was screened for preliminary phytochemical analysis. FB aerial root extracts were evaluated for in-vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effect by the Ellman's method and anti-oxidant potential by DPPH assay and hydroxyl radical neutralizing assay. Results: Preliminary phytochemical screening of FB extracts indicate the existence of the phytochemicals such as phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, anthraquinones, tannins and steroids. The results of the DPPH assay, hydroxyl radical scavenging assay and AChE inhibitory assay show that chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts are having significant antioxidant activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effect as compared to the other extracts, respectively. Conclusion: The results of the current study suggest that the aerial root extract of FB might be a potential drug source for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer disease.
... Traditionally, its root bark is very useful in the treatment of different types of skin diseases, menorrhagia, diarrhea, malaria, jaundice, and eye troubles (1,2). The decoction of root bark, mixed with an equal quantity of milk, is used to cure piles (3). Berberine is the active constituent of B. aristata, which is chiefly found in outer barks of stem and root of the plant. ...
Article
Full-text available
A sensitive, simple, rapid, and efficient high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method has been developed and validated for the analysis of berberine in marketed Ayurvedic formulations containing Berberis aristata DC for regulatory purposes. Chromatography of methanolic extracts of these formulations was performed on silica gel 60 F 254 aluminum-backed TLC plates of 0.2 mm layer thickness. The plate was developed up to 66 mm with the ternary-mobile phase butanol-acetic acid-water (8 + 1 + 1, v/v/v) at 33 ± 5°C with 5 min of tank saturation. The marker, berberine, was quantified at its maximum absorbance of 350 nm. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation values were found to be 5 and 10 ng/spot. The linear regression analysis data for the calibration plot showed a good linear relationship with correlation coefficient = 0.9994 in the concentration range of 10 to 50 ng/spot for berberine with respect to peak area. The instrumental precision was found to be 0.49% coefficient of variation (CV), and repeatability of the method was 0.73% CV. Recovery values from 98.27 to 99.11% indicate excellent accuracy of the method. The developed HPTLC method is very accurate, precise, and cost-effective, and it has been successfully applied to the assay of marketed formulations containing B. aristata for determination of berberine.
... The qualitative phytochemical analysis of an aqueous extract of Strychnos potatorum seeds confirmed the presence of phenol, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, reducing sugars, anthraquinones, quinones, flavones, flavonoids, glycosides in variable quantities (Table 3). These phytoconstituents have contributed to the treatment of so many diseases (Asima and Satyesh, 2001). ...
Article
Full-text available
The present study aimed to investigate the quality of drinking water at Ennore area (Burma Nagar), North Chennai and assess the effect of Strychnos potatorum (Nirmali seeds) seeds in water purification at the household level. Water sample (2 l) stored in earthern clay pot serves as control and sample (2 l) treated by scrubing (10 times) Strychnos potatorum seeds (2 Nos) against the sides of the earthern clay pot served as test. Physical, chemical and biological analysis of the control and test sample (stored for 24 hours after the treatment) was carried out. The content of the secondary metabolites (Tannins, Phenols, Flavonoids, Vitamin C, Alkaloids and Protein) in Strychnos potatorum seeds responsible for water clarification were determined along with chemical composition analysis by GC-MS. The results indicate that treatment with Strychnos potatorum seeds has reduced the turbidity, total dissolved solids and the levels of magnesium and iron. Total bacterial count and coliforms were reduced by 75 and 76% respectively in test when compared with the control. Strychnos potatorum treatment has resulted in 100% removal of fecal coliforms and streptococcus. Phytochemical analysis of Strychnos potatorum seeds confirms the presence of tannins, phenols, flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids, proteins and saponins. The antioxidants (Tannins, Phenols, Flavonoids and Vitamin C) and phytoconstituents with antimicrobial potential might be responsible for the reduction in microbial pathogens in treated water. The alkaloids and proteins attributes to the coagulating property of these seeds observed in treated water. From the results obtained, it was concluded that treatment with Strychnos potatorum seeds has improved the quality of the potable water and appears to be suitable for primary water treatment at house hold level.
... 16 and Plate 3.10-3.12). In consistent with the present study, NAA was successfully used for production of maximum number of roots per shoot in species such as Ipomoea mauritiana, where, an average of 6.2 roots per shoot with a root length of 4.42 cm was obtained on MS medium with 0.5 mg/l NAA and in Curcuma longa(Koarapatchaikol et al. 2017), 7.5 roots with a root length of 4.16 cm obtained using MS medium with 3.0 mg/l NAA.In vitro regenerated shoots obtained from callus in C.copticum were successfully rooted on MS, NN and SH basal media with PGR. ...
... Traditionally, G. xanthochymus is widely used in Ayurveda for the treatment of diarrhea, dysentery, nausea, and vomiting. 11 Additionally, studies have also shown its use for the therapy of metabolic disorders such as obesity. 12 However, the characterization of phytochemicals in different parts of the fruit, such as the peel, pulp, and seed, is not very clear. ...
Article
Full-text available
The fruit of Garcinia xanthochymus is consumed traditionally and is known to possess health-promoting effects. However, studies involving the characterization of phytochemicals of different parts of the fruit, and their biological activity were limited and hence warranted a comprehensive study. The proximate analyses reveal that fruit peel was rich in crude fiber. The levels of essential minerals, fatty acids, amino acids, carotenoids, organic acids, and polyphenols were significantly higher in the peel, followed by the rind, seed, and pulp. The in vitro antioxidant assays revealed that the polyphenolic extract of the peel possesses a high antioxidant effect compared to the extracts from other parts of theG. xanthochymus fruit. Furthermore, the in vitro assays reveal the antidiabetic potential of the methanol extract. This is the first comprehensive report involving the characterization and biological properties of different parts of the G. xanthochymus fruit. Hence, our study implicates the potential use of this fruit for the development of functional foods for diabetes.
Chapter
Metabolites of Medicinal Plants: Insightful Approaches provides a comprehensive exploration of the bioactive compounds found in medicinal plants and their pharmacological significance. The book covers key topics such as the economics of medicinal and anticancer plants, phytochemistry, therapeutic potential, and advanced applications like nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems and CRISPR-Cas techniques. It also examines the role of these plants in combating diseases like diabetes and metabolic syndrome and their role in traditional medicine systems. This resource is essential for students, researchers, and professionals in phytochemistry, pharmacology, drug discovery, and healthcare practices. Key Features: 1. Wide range of topics from medicinal plant economics to pharmacological applications. 2. Latest discoveries in plant bioactive compounds and their therapeutic uses. 3. Novel drug delivery methods to enhance efficacy. 4. Linking genes to metabolites through advanced omics approaches.
Article
Full-text available
Abutilon indicum (Linn.) Sweet, often known as Indian mallow or Country mallow, is a member of the Malvaceae family of plants. This plant is indigenous to the subtropical and tropical areas of the Americas, India, Malaysia, Bangladesh, Srilanka, Pakistan and the Caribbean. There is a wide variety of uses for the plant in both conventional and alternative medicine, including the complete plant and its many components such leaves, fruits, flowers, seeds, stems, and roots. The pharmacological properties of Abutilon indicum have been documented include antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, wound healing, antivenom, anticancer, antiarthritic, anti-Alzheimer's, hypoglycaemic, antiulcer, aphrodisiac, anti-diarrhoeal, anticonvulsant, diuretic activity, antimycotic, larvicidal, antidiabetic, analgesic and sedative activities. The Abutilon indicum milk is used to treat urinary discharges, while the roots of the plant are used to treat gout, polyuria, and hemorrhagic illnesses in Ayurveda. The Siddha medical tradition prescribes the plant for a variety of conditions, including ulcers, jaundice, leprosy, and piles. The herb is used to treat bronchitis, piles, and chest pain in Unani medicine. The various plant sections have been observed to have a wide variety of phytochemical components. This article provides an in-depth assessment of the scientific literature pertaining to the ethnomedicinal applications, elemental analysis, phytochemistry, and pharmacological characteristics of the plant Abutilon indicum.
Article
Full-text available
The present study deals with analyse the antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of A. indicum extract by using different solvents such as aqueous, actone and ethanol extracts were prepared to study the total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin content. All these chemicals were not extractable in one solvent. In A. indicum, Alkaloid, steroid, terpenoid and phlobatannins only present in Aqueous extract In Acetone extracts tannin, flavonoid, steroid, Alkaloid and quinine were present rest of all the components were absent. For ethanol, Tannins, Phlobatannins, Flavonoids, Steroids, Quinone, Coumarin, Terpenoids and Glycosides were present; Not a single solvent showing a complete result. The maximum phytochemicals was found in ethanolic extract of experimental plant. The dose response curve of DPPH radical scavenging activity of crude extracts of plant was observed, Antioxidant activity in the form of IC50 values of different extracts were calculated. Highest antioxidant activity was given by A. indicum extract at the concentration of 170μg/ml among all the ethanolic leafs which is found to be more than standard. The FT-IR results interprets that, so many aromatic, aliphatic, ring compounds were present in the experimental samples.
Article
Full-text available
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) were green synthesised by a simple, rapid, eco-friendly and a cheaper method using Cleome gynandra plant extract. The ZnONPs were characterized using UV- Visible Spectroscopy, FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM and EDX analysis. The formation of ZnONPs (355 nm) was confirmed by UV visible spectroscopy. The crystalline nature of the nanoparticles was studied by XRD. The presence of different functional groups in the biomolecules was evident from FT-IR spectrum. The morphology of ZnONPs was analysed using SEM and the presence of zinc oxide was confirmed through elemental analysis. They were also analyzed for their biological and antioxidant activities. The green synthesized ZnONPs exhibited a good antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Furthermore, they exhibited appreciable anticancer activity on the lung (A549) cancer cell lines.
Article
Experiment on rooting of stem cuttings of Spilanthes acmella revealed that the plant can be successfully propagated without any root hormone or with lower concentration of root hormones.
Article
Full-text available
Tribal belt of Dhamtari Chhattisgarh is dominant with medicinal plants by large numbers of tribal, rural and urban people. Several tribal communities like Kamar, Gond and Baigas inhibit in the area Ethno botanical surveys had been carried out in forest patches of Sita nadi Wild life sanctuary, Dhamtari district Chhattisgarh from 2014-2015. The paper reports were documented of ethno botanical uses of 64 plant species are described in which different parts of plants are used for different purposes for traditional medicine by people etc. 30 Herb, 20 Trees, 12 Shrub, 02 climbers are reported. Family wise distribution of medicinal plants shows Fabaceae is most dominant families with 5 species each and Apocynaceae was co-dominant family with 4 species. The drugs were found to be extracted from whole plant, root, rhizome, leaves, flower and seed of the plant. The aim of the present survey is to highlight that local people knowledge, role in resource management and focus on the diversity of ethnobotanical plants for future use and provide the framework to aware the people how to use plants to solve different type of problem.
Article
Full-text available
Cascabela thevatica leaf part was tested for antibacterial efficacy against Escherichia coli organism using the disc diffusion method. The crude alcoholic extract was found effective against Escherichia coli organism. The antibacterial activity is attributed to the presence of alkaloids, which was confirmed by gas chromatography end positive alkaloid test. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for the crude extract by paper disc diffusion method. The result were compared with reference antibiotic tetracycline (one unit strength).
Article
Full-text available
Ayurveda is one of the oldest health-care systems. The ancient Vedic literature contains scattered allusions to Ayurvedic remedies and other aspects of medicine and health. The vast majority of Atharvavedic knowledge is related to Ayurveda. One of Ayurveda's eight divisions, Agad Tantra, focuses on the identification of poisons, different poisons from the mineral, plant, and animal kingdoms, as well as artificial poisons made from toxic drugs and their treatment. Nirmali (Strychnos potatorum Linn) is one of a Vishagna (non-toxic) plant mentioned by Acharya Charak in 4th chapter of Sutrasthana in Charak samhita. Nirmali is a widely growing medium sized medicinal plant of Loganiaceae family. Seeds of Nirmali (Katak) have been used for the purification of water. This plant has contributed various pharmacological actions in the scientific field of Indian systems of medicine like Nirmali (Strychnos potatorum) seeds are alexipharmic, lithotriptic and cures strangury, head diseases etc., Roots of Nirmali cure leukoderma whereas fruits are useful in eye diseases, thirst, poisoning, and hallucinations. The fruits are emetic, diaphoretic, alexiteric etc. It contains a variety of phytochemical constituents such as a alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, lignins, phenols, saponins, sterols, and tannins. This review article of Nirmali (Katak) plant is going to provide brief information about its modern view.
Article
Full-text available
Pregnancy is a complex physiological state, in whichthe effect of any stress multiplies its impacts; in thisstudy, we are interested in the effects of electricalstress on pregnant rats and an attempt to mitigatethem using an alkaloid. Pregnant rats were dividedinto seven groups: Control and two treated groupswith harmine at 10, 15 mg/kg, psychological stressedgroup, two foot shocked groups 0, 4 and 1, 2 mA anda treated stressed group. Each group contains threesub-groups according to the stage of pregnancy. Ratshave conducted to plus maze test and object recogni-tion test. We marked increased time spent with newobject and number of entries in all arms and a signif -icant decrease in food consumption, the Red BloodCells (RBC), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Content(MCHC) have increased and a significant decreasein monocytes and lymphocytes after treatment. Thenumber of placentation and fetuses has increasedsignificantly in treated group and treated stressedgroup even the significant decrease in stressedgroup. Harmine has enhanced the cognition of ratsin object recognition test, and exerted its anxiolyticeffect in the plus maze test even during pregnancy. Itdecreased food consumption and enhanced implanta-tion, RBC and thrombocytes due to its enhancementof serotonin via its effect of Monoaminoxidase Inhib -itor MAO I
Article
Full-text available
Pregnancy is a complex physiological state, in which the effect of any stress multiplies its impacts; in this study, we are interested in the effects of electrical stress on pregnant rats and an attempt to mitigate them using an alkaloid. Pregnant rats were divided into seven groups: Control and two treated groups with harmine at 10, 15 mg/kg, psychological stressed group, two foot shocked groups 0, 4 and 1, 2 mA and a treated stressed group. Each group contains three sub-groups according to the stage of pregnancy. Rats have conducted to plus maze test and object recognition test. We marked increased time spent with new object and number of entries in all arms and a signif- icant decrease in food consumption, the Red Blood Cells (RBC), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Content (MCHC) have increased and a significant decrease in monocytes and lymphocytes after treatment. The number of placentation and fetuses has increased significantly in treated group and treated stressed group even the significant decrease in stressed group. Harmine has enhanced the cognition of rats in object recognition test, and exerted its anxiolytic effect in the plus maze test even during pregnancy. It decreased food consumption and enhanced implantation, RBC and thrombocytes due to its enhancement of serotonin via its effect of Monoaminoxidase Inhib- itor MAO I.
Chapter
Degenerative nerve diseases are age-related, progressive and cause irreversible neurological loss that may lead to death. Chronic diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease are associated with insoluble protein depositions and pose serious health challenges that may intensify in the coming decades. Current therapies only help to alleviate some of the physical or mental symptoms associated with neurodegenerative diseases, although there is currently no remedy for slow disease progression. In recent years, attempts have been made to discover a mechanism for neurodegenerative diseases and prospective treatment that may help mitigate aging effects and prevent these diseases. Natural products have been a constant source of new approaches for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, in particular plant alkaloids and polyphenolic compounds. Indopathy for Neuroprotection: Recent Advances highlights herbal treatments that are preferred over conventional treatments in some regions. Book chapters focus on the effects of various medicinal plants that have shown promise in reversing pathological symptoms of neurodegenerative disease and highlight the neuroprotective role of medicinal herbal phytochemicals and their mechanism of action. The book serves as a reference for pharmacology and herbal medicine scholars as well as healthcare workers interested in information about alternative and complementary therapies for neurological disorders.
Article
Introduction: In recent years, people are more health-conscious and avoiding the use of synthetic drugs, which are not only harmful to them but also to the environment as they are manmade. So, there is an urgent need for naturally available biologically active compounds which are environment friendly and has tremendous health benefits for the welfare of human being. Trachyspermum Ammi, commonly known as ‘Ajwain,’ is a plant native to India. It has been shown to have antifungal, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antinociceptive, cytotoxic, hypolipidemic, antihypertensive, antispasmodic, broncho-dilating, antilithiasis, diuretic, abortifacient, antitussive, nematicidal, Anthelmintic and antifilarial properties. Furthermore, studies reveal the presence of a variety of phytochemical constituents, including carbohydrates, glycosides, saponins, phenolic compounds, volatile oil (thymol, -terpinene, para-cymene, and- and -pinene), protein, fat, fibre, and mineral matter containing calcium, phosphorous, iron, and nicotinic acid. Methods: TLC of essential oil of Trachyspermum ammi, was performed and revealed the presence of. Thymol. GC-FID & GC-MS analysis of essential oil shows the presence of 31 compounds. The most existing major compounds in essential oil were Thymol (33.40 %), γ-Terpinene (16.58 %), β-Pinene (13.82 %), 2-Pinene (6.02 %), 3-Cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde, 1,3,4-tri-methyl (5.35 %), p-Cymene (3.85 %), Linalool (2.89 %) and α-Thujene (2.44 %). Results: Antimicrobial activity of essential oil showed against Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli, it was proven by using cup well method by observing zone of inhibition to the microbial strains at different concentrations of essential oil. The minimum inhibitory concentration was also observed. Conclusion: It was confirmed that essential oil shows the antimicrobial activity as well as shows effect to fungal strains. In conclusion, the presence of numerous essential oil ingredients, and the results of experimental studies showed that Trachyspermum ammi essential oil possessed antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal action. Vulvovaginal candidiasis can be treated with this essential oil.
Article
For thousands of years, medicinal plants have been played an important role throughout the world in treating and preventing a variety of diseases. The present paper aims at the review on various medicinal plants used by the population of Kannur district of Kerala state in the management of asthma. A wide number of ethno botanical surveys conducted in many tribal pockets and rural parts of Kannur district of Kerala have reported a countable number of medicinal plants with high therapeutic effect in the management of asthma. Apart from the tribal's, the review also includes the plant data collected from ayurvedic physicians and common people in the villagers of different parts of Kannur.
Book
Full-text available
Nature offers us spices, which are a significant part of healthy and nutritious foods. The presence of abundant bioactive compounds in these spices makes them interesting from a scientific and health perspective. Extracts obtained from spice materials possess many health benefits and are rich sources of antioxidants, which suppress reactive oxygen species. Spice Bioactive Compounds: Properties, Applications, and Health Benefits collects such information together in one book, presenting all necessary features related to spices and their properties. Exploring the most recent research related to the extraction, isolation, encapsulation, identification, and characterization of bioactive compounds present in spices, this book also covers the health element of spices and its utilization as a treatment for various disorders. Key Features: Discusses about 14 different spices and their salient features Presents the novel technologies used in the extraction, isolation, and identification of bioactive compounds from spices Explores the utilization of spices for culinary use in food Industries such as the food and pharmaceutical industries have great interest in the use of bioactive compounds for the production of drugs and functional foods. Written by experts in their field, this book will be useful to anyone in either industry, as well as those who have an interest in the use of such bioactive compounds for the production of drugs and functional foods.
Article
Full-text available
AN EXTENSIVE REVIEW ON FRAGRANCE MEDICINAL PLANT- NYCTANTHES ARBOR-TRISTIS LINN
Article
Full-text available
Ayurveda is one of the oldest systems of drugs. It principally uses plants and their extracts for treatment and management of assorted diseases. Nyctanthes arbor-tristisLinn.(NAT) is documented Indian ancient plant that has high medicative worth in Ayurveda. It’s popularly called Parijat or Harsingar principally found in southern elements of Asian nation & Nepal etc. Phytochemicals like flavanol organic compound, oleanic acid, essential oils, phenol, carotene, friedeline, lupeol, glucose, benzoic acid have been reported for vital hepatoprotective, anti-allergy, antianxiety, anti-filarial, antianemia, antidiabetic, antimalarial, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer activities. Each a district of the plant has some specifichealthful price and is so commercially exploitable. Thus,it’s thought of as a valuable supply of some distinctive medicative, merchandise formation against numerous diseases. The descriptions of scientific classification, family and genus characters, vernacular names, habitat, morphology, ancient medicine, therapeutic use etc. are richly mentioned throughout this criticism. ©2022iGlobal Research and PublishingFoundation. All rights reserved.
Article
Full-text available
Trachyspermum ammi L. Sprague syn. Carum copticum Benth. & Hook, commonly known as ajwain, is an annual aromatic and herbaceous plant of the family Apiaceae. The fruits of T. ammi are native to Egypt and widely cultivated in Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and distributed throughout India. Ajwain is commercially cultivated in Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat (Surendranagar, Saurashtra region), Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh and other states also. Traditionally the plant is used in Ayurvedic and Unani formulations for the treatment of various disorders like flatulence, dyspepsia, diarrhoea, abdominal pains, piles, and bronchial problems, lack of appetite, galactogogue, asthma and amenorrhoea. It has been reported to possess many pharmacological bioactivities like antimicrobial, antioxidant, hypolipidaemic, antihypertensive, antispasmodic, antiasthmatic, antitussive, and many more. This review summarizes the reported traditional benefits, phytochemical and pharmacological studies of T. ammi.
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.