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Some aspects of criminal geography of Tehran
Abstract
Tehran's crime rate is remarkably high. This rate is being controlled by some demographic, social and economic characteristics as well as certain locational specification. The measure objective of this article was to investigate the relationship between some offenders' characteristics and type and magnitude of crimes. Identification of Tehran's major hotspots is another perusing objective. Samples was extracted out of Tehran's most important jail prisoners who committed various crimes. Most of crimes are associated with the age group of 25-30. Smuggling and robbery are the two offenses which well pertain to illiterate portion of the sample. Murder, robbery and smuggling are predominately associated with low-income group. 35 percent of the sample proves length of residency less than 6 months in Tehran. Robbery and murder essentially are attributed with darkness and solitude positions. Tehran's central part emerges as the most spectacular hotspot. New aspects of this study entail more comprehensive ecological studies regarding dynamic structure, social disorganization and local institutional settings of Tehran's different neighborhoods.
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There is no simple relationship between ascribed social status and delinquency. Both the status structure of the residential community and the extent to which delinquency is a function of a cultural tradition in a residential community affect the delinquency life-chances of a boy at each ascribed social class level. The largest proportion of delinquents for any status group comes from the more homogeneous status areas for that group, while the delinquency life-chances of boys in any status group tend to be greatest in the lower status areas and in high delinquency rate areas. Evidence presented in the paper for types of conforming and deviating boys lend support to the conclusions that (1) there is more frequent and serious delinquent deviation in the lower than in the middle stratum when self-reports of delinquent deviation are examined, (2) that the career oriented delinquent is found only among lower class boys, (3) that the major type of lower status boy is a conforming non-achiever while the conforming achiever is the major type in the middle class, (4) that conformers are more likely to be isolates than are non-conformers, and (5) that peer-oriented delinquency is the most common form of delinquent organization at both lower and middle status levels.
This paper argues that the number of individuals per unit space is less appropriate for humans than building type as a correlate
of patterns that have been considered socially “pathological.”
Stepwise regression is used to analyze the data, with the census tract as the unit of analysis. The data show that when the
effects of income and national origin have been removed, neither internal nor external density explains a significant amount
of the variation in social allowance or delinquency, but building type remains a significant predictor of these variables.
A path model is developed, showing that social allowance (welfare) rates, like the proportion of multiple dwellings, is an
important predictor of juvenile delinquency rates.