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The Otherization of the West in the Turkish Press: A Discursive Analysis of the Caricature Crisis”, European Journal of Social Sciences, Volume6, Number 3, (June, 2008): 331-341.
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This study is an attempt to analyze how the reaction to that Denmark's Jyllands-Posten newspaper published caricatures of the prophet Muhammad following September 30, 2005, which turned into a crisis between the West and East, particularly the Christian and Islamic Worlds, was interpreted and signified in the Turkish national press. Setting out from the discoursive analysis, it is focused on the newspapers, namely Cumhuriyet, Milliyet, Zaman, Türkiye Radikal and Sabah which correspond to the leftist, rightist, centerist, and Islamist press.
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This study investigates the extent to which newspapers are polarized in representing civil society organizations in Turkey. In examining the news in 15 printed newspapers and 2 online newspapers in 2017, we found that (1) 1499 associations and 499 foundations were mentioned but not equally distributed across the newspapers, (2) Turkish newspapers’ coverage of associations/foundations was affected by the type of association/foundation (religious/conservative vs. secular) and newspaper (pro-government vs. anti-government), (3) when news about an association/foundation appeared in pro-government newspapers, it did not appear in anti-government newspapers, and vice versa, and (4) secular associations/foundations were covered more often by anti-government newspapers than by pro-government newspapers. We therefore argue that in countries such as Turkey, where civil society organizations have historically been closely allied with state or political ideologies, newspapers’ political stances affect the media coverage of civil society organizations.
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This article is a Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) of the discursive strategies employed by Mahathir Mohamed, former Prime Minister of Malaysia, in 10 of his speeches that express resistance and challenge to the former U.S. President, George W. Bush's military ideology of "war on terror" post September 11, 2001. The study is guided by CDA's focus on power relations and power struggle that are manifested in language. On speaking against terrorism, Mahathir's dislike for the Bush administration's handling of the issue is viewed as a platform to further his own ideology. The analysis reveals how Mahathir's arguments fall within the human rights rhetoric that calls on general norms, freedom, human rights, and justice, supported with biases towards the plight of Muslims and the Middle East. Mahathir's resistance to Bush reveals repetitive use of national rhetoric, self-glorification, comparison moves, and references to shared history and shared presuppositions, and his criticisms towards the "others" fall within the ideological construction of a positive self-presentation of himself as Prime Minister of Malaysia and a Muslim leader to be emulated.
Qualitative studies are tools used in understanding and describing the world of human experience. Since we maintain our humanity throughout the research process, it is largely impossible to escape the subjective experience, even for the most seasoned of researchers. As we proceed through the research process, our humanness informs us and often directs us through such subtleties as intuition or 'aha' moments. Speaking about the world of human experience requires an extensive commitment in terms of time and dedication to process; however, this world is often dismissed as 'subjective' and regarded with suspicion. This paper acknowledges that small qualitative studies are not generalizable in the traditional sense, yet have redeeming qualities that set them above that requirement.
With the persistent increase in the size of the informal sector and its continuous coexistence alongside formal sector and institutional development, this study empirically examines the effect of informal sector size on the financial development in Sub-Saharan Africa for the period 1996-2019. The study represents financial market development by the financial market depth, which is regressed against informal sector size, growth rate of gross domestic product, interest rate, trade openness, and institutional quality index. The study relied on the estimates of the Discroll-Kraay and IV-2LS. Results indicate that informality repressed financial development, while trade openness, growth rate of gross domestic product, interest rate, and institutional quality have a positive impact on financial development. It is therefore recommended for policymakers to reduce the size of informality as a means of improving the financial sector.
Industrialized and Automated Building Systems presents a detailed and balanced evaluation of the benefits and drawbacks of industrialized building systems, and considers technological, managerial and economical aspects of industrialization, automation in the industrialized building process in production, construction and design, and information technologies in design, production and construction on site.
There is an increasing divergence of focus group practice between social researchers and commercial market researchers. This book addresses the key issues and practical requirements of the social researcher, namely: the kinds of social research issues for which focus groups are most and least suitable; optimum group size and composition; and the designing of focusing exercises, facilitation and appropriate analysis. The authors use examples, drawn from their own focus groups research experience, and provide exercises for further study. They address the three main components of composition, conduct and analysis in focus group research and also acknowledge the increasing impact the Internet has had on social research by covering the role and conduct of `virtual focus groups'.
This paper identifies a full range of professional construction management (PCM) tasks that may be utilized on major construction projects. This listing is based on the work of the ASCE committee on PCM. Identification of the essential tasks of a professional construction manager, as a basis for measuring performance, was the primary purpose of this work. Basic attributes of an effective PCM firm are presented. The functional PCM tasks are divided into the five phases of major construction projects: (1)conceptual planning; (2)program planning; (3)design construction; (4)close-out; and (5)start-up. For each of these phases, the primary PCM services and tasks are identified. Examples are included where appropriate. Practical application, for selection of a firm, evaluation of a firm on an active project, or self-auditing by a PCM firm, is discussed. The successful PCM firm must be multi-disciplinary, include all control functions, and provide a broad spectrum of management, engineering, construction, systems, and legal expertise.
In die artikel word die gebruikswaarde van die ‘cloze’-toets in die vasstel van taalvaardigheidsvlakke ondersoek. Die ondersoek sluit 'n statistiese analise van taalvaardigheidsvlakke in en gebruik groepsverskille om geldigheid te bepaal. Pie-naar se ‘cloze’-toetse word gebruik om die taalvaardigheidsvlak van Graad 7-leerlinge, wat oor uiteenlopende taalvaar-dighede beskik, te bepaal. Daar word geargumenteer dat alhoewel 'n kwalitatiewe analise belangrik is, 'n statistiese analise van kardinale belang is vir 'n sinvolle bepaling van taalvaardighede.