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Cisgender
Abstract
This section includes eighty-six short original essays commissioned for the inaugural issue of TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly. Written by emerging academics, community-based writers, and senior scholars, each essay in this special issue, “Postposttranssexual: Key Concepts for a Twenty-First-Century Transgender Studies,” revolves around a particular keyword or concept. Some contributions focus on a concept central to transgender studies; others describe a term of art from another discipline or interdisciplinary area and show how it might relate to transgender studies. While far from providing a complete picture of the field, these keywords begin to elucidate a conceptual vocabulary for transgender studies. Some of the submissions offer a deep and resilient resistance to the entire project of mapping the field terminologically; some reveal yet-unrealized critical potentials for the field; some take existing terms from canonical thinkers and develop the significance for transgender studies; some offer overviews of well-known methodologies and demonstrate their applicability within transgender studies; some suggest how transgender issues play out in various fields; and some map the productive tensions between trans studies and other interdisciplines.
... Here, the concept of cisnormativity refers to the assumption and belief that being cisgender is the norm and default state of being (Serano, 2007). The term cisgender refers to individuals whose gender identity aligns with the sex they were assigned at birth (Aultman, 2014). Non-normative gender expressions, therefore, predispose trans women to higher unemployment rates and increase workplace discrimination, especially for trans workers and job seekers who have not undergone medical transition (Reisner et al., 2016). ...
This study brings trans women to the forefront of global discourse on gender‐based economic inequalities. Such discussions, often lacking intersectionality and narrowly focused on cis women, have frequently overlooked the distinct economic obstacles trans women face in cisheteropatriarchal societies. Grounded in critical trans politics and intersectionality, this research explores the lives of five trans women in South Africa, examining the contextual norms, practices, and policies that shape their experiences of economic inclusion and exclusion. Findings reveal that economic marginality for trans women is upheld by social institutions prioritizing cisgender norms, reinforcing biology‐based gender binaries that render those existing outside these frameworks vulnerable, disposable, and disenfranchised. This structural economic bias is reflected in four key areas: (a) patriarchal family systems enforce conformity to cisgender expectations through abuse, financial neglect, and rejection, displacing trans women into precarious circumstances, including homelessness and survival sex work; (b) cisnormative workplace conventions demand legal gender alignment as a precondition for organizational access and employability, shutting out trans identities lacking state recognition of their gender; (c) institutionally entrenched anti‐trans stigma creates heightened scrutiny and discrimination during hiring processes; and (d) a gender‐segregated labor system undermines trans women’s ability to participate in both “male” and “female” jobs due to nonadherence to traditional, biologically defined gender roles. These cisgender‐privileging norms intersect with racism and colonial‐apartheid legacies, compounding economic difficulties for trans women. By mapping the economic conditions of historically invisibilized trans women, this study deepens the scope of economic transformation theories. It calls for a trans‐inclusive, intersectional model of economic justice, advocating for institutional cultures that embrace diverse gender expressions beyond static gender classifications.
... Vi sono poi persone che aderiscono a una posizione queer, soggetti che non si vogliono identificare con nessuna categoria, e che operano una critica stessa delle categorizzazioni ritenendo tali aspetti dell'identità non definibili. In particolare, alcuni autori hanno evidenziato come Internet abbia facilitato la diffusione di alcuni termini 4 Gli autori specificano che il termine cisgender è riferito sia alle persone il cui sesso assegnato alla nascita coincide con l'attuale identità di genere, sia "a una identificazione positiva di una identità non-trans*" (Aultman 2014). Nella ricerca del William Institute (2021), i rispondenti definiti come "cis" o "cisgender", si sono identificati come non-binari nell'indagine e hanno dichiarato il sesso attribuito alla nascita (ad esempio femmina) allineato al genere attuale (ad esempio donna) diversamente dalle persone transgender, che hanno identificato il proprio genere attuale come diverso dal sesso attribuito alla nascita. ...
Questo ebook ha origine dal progetto Istat-UNAR sulle discriminazioni lavorative nei confronti delle persone LGBT+ e le diversity policy (2018-2023); integra le informazioni già diffuse con i report Istat-UNAR del 2022 e 2023 relativi alle indagini indirizzate a target specifici di popolazione LGBT+.
L’ebook è strutturato in due parti. La prima parte analizza le principali questioni teoriche e metodologiche degli studi riguardanti le persone LGBT+ e le discriminazioni in base alle cosiddette Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression, and Sex Characteristics – SOGIESC (orientamento sessuale, identità ed espressione di genere e caratteristiche sessuali) secondo una prospettiva quantitativa, con particolare attenzione alla statistica ufficiale in tale ambito. Vengono inoltre illustrate le scelte metodologiche relative al disegno di ricerca dell’intero progetto che ha previsto la raccolta di informazioni presso stakeholder, datori di lavoro (imprese) e persone LGBT+. La seconda parte del lavoro si concentra sulla metodologia e i risultati della macro-area del progetto rivolta alle imprese e agli stakeholder, realizzata negli anni 2019-2020.
... These values engender the social exclusion of gender-diverse youth in sporting contexts whereby cisgender identities are accorded preferences (Kulick et al., 2018;Neary & McBride, 2021). The term cisgender is used to describe individuals whose gender identity is the same as their birth-assigned sex in contrast to diverse sex/gender identities (Aultman, 2014). ...
The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated gender-based violence (GBV) rates in Canada, especially affecting young women and gender-diverse youth. Trauma- and violence-informed physical activity and sport for development (SFD) are recognized strategies for supporting survivors of violence, preventing GBV, and challenging gender norms. This paper explores the potential of trauma- and violence-informed approaches with a Canadian SFD organization, focusing on programs aimed to promote gender diversity and address GBV. Grounded in intersectional feminism and queer theory, findings from interviews with SFD staff and participants ( n = 15) revealed challenges in maintaining a trauma- and violence-informed approach in a heteronormative sporting space. In conclusion, further research on trauma-informed SFD is crucial due to increasing GBV rates in sport.
This article explores the linguistic representations and perceptions of the words queer and kväär within the Estonian LGBT community. The study delves into the evolution of LGBT vocabulary in Estonian, focusing on how kväär, the equivalent of the English queer, is perceived and used. Using corpus analysis and an online survey among the LGBT community, the research reveals nuanced attitudes toward kväär in Estonia. The corpus data shows shifts in usage frequencies of LGBT related words that reflect societal debates. The word kväär is multifaceted, used in various contexts, and represents intentional resistance to societal norms or expectations. It also serves as a lens for observing phenomena from a non-conformist perspective. Additionally, it marks membership in the LGBT community without necessitating a specific critical context. The online survey results show diverse attitudes towards the word kväär among the LGBT community, with a slight tendency towards negative interpretations. Gender and age were identified as significant factors shaping attitudes, with non-binary individuals and those under 30 generally expressing more positive views. Thematic analysis of the survey responses uncovers underlying themes and sentiments associated with the word kväär, elucidating various ways in which it is conceptualized and employed within the community. Themes that surfaced in the survey show the complexities and multifaceted nature of kväär as a linguistic construct, shedding light on its role in identity formation and community dynamics within the Estonian LGBT context. Keywords: linguistics, LGBT studies, queer theory, queer linguistics, corpus linguistics, vocabulary, Estonian language
This article proposes a theory of ‘trans infrastructuralism’. Through narrative and phenomenological description, trans infrastructures illuminate the enabling conditions for emergent, material, and intersubjective forms of trans masculine desire. We argue that the reproduction of intimate affects remains paradoxically obscured by the physical presence of public infrastructure. This is paradoxical because being intimate or maintaining intimate queer loving located an interstitial relation that contradicted the intended uses of public works. The odd intensities that emerge in the trans ordinary can therefore range from techno-social objects that comprise trans people who seek gender-affirming medical care to the important spatial relations that serve to propel new socialities. Many readers may find the insights gleaned from such scholarly writing about trans infrastructuralism. We do not depart dramatically from what construes public works as socially meaningful signs in ordinary life.
Interactive sex toys shape how we understand sexual intimacies and pleasures on an individual and societal scale. Yet analytical and critical research on actual devices is scant. To help address this, we conducted an in-depth Feminist Content Analysis of interactive products offered by one Dutch manufacturer, including text and video material that discusses and presents those products. Applying the theoretical lens of technosexual scripts, we show how one of the largest industry stakeholders engages in promising a utopian sex-future, while upholding and re-inscribing normative scripts for how sexual encounters with others and oneself can be technologically mediated. Our analysis illustrates the far-reaching consequences of skewed (and unkept) promises of safety, health and optimization, which implicates technologists as well as marketing strategists.
This article explores the linguistic representations and perceptions of the words queer and kväär within the Estonian LGBT community. The study delves into the evolution of LGBT vocabulary in Estonian, focusing on how kväär, the equivalent of the English queer, is perceived and used.
Using corpus analysis and an online survey among the LGBT community, the research reveals nuanced attitudes toward kväär in Estonia. The corpus data shows shifts in usage frequencies of LGBT related words that reflect societal debates. The word kväär is multifaceted, used in various contexts, and represents intentional resistance to societal norms or expectations. It also serves as a lens for observing phenomena from a non-conformist perspective. Additionally, it marks membership in the LGBT community without necessitating a specific critical context.
The online survey results show diverse attitudes towards the word kväär among the LGBT community, with a slight tendency towards negative interpretations. Gender and age were identified as significant factors shaping attitudes, with non-binary individuals and those under 30 generally expressing more positive views.
Thematic analysis of the survey responses uncovers underlying themes and sentiments associated with the word kväär, elucidating various ways in which it is conceptualized and employed within the community. Themes that surfaced in the survey show the complexities and multifaceted nature of kväär as a linguistic construct, shedding light on its role in identity formation and community dynamics within the Estonian LGBT context.
Keywords: linguistics, LGBT studies, queer theory, queer linguistics, corpus linguistics, vocabulary, Estonian language
O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o conceito de colonialidade cishetero-endossexo, de modo a apontar para a lacuna dos estudos decoloniais em pensar as opressões que pessoas trans, intersexo e não-heterossexuais sofrem. Reconhecemos e exaltamos as importantes discussões decoloniais sobre gênero e sexualidade já realizadas, que trouxeram conceitos fundamentais como o de colonialidade de gênero e o de androcentrismo. A partir deles, tornou-se possível refletir sobre violências de gênero através da lente decolonial, ampliando as bases da luta contra a colonialidade.
La tradition anthropologique s’est saisie de cette question dès le XIX e et se prolonge aujourd’hui avec de nouveaux objets et sujets. L’un d’eux est le corps trans. Depuis des décennies, le « changement de sexe » occupe les discours sous l’affirmation d’une psychopathologie ; affirmation qui s’est effondrée à l’instar de celle de l’homosexualité, mais sans recevoir une nouvelle explication. Dans ce contexte, en deçà de la question : que sont le sexe et le genre ?, l’interrogation sur les multiples constructions des corps, d’une aire ontologique à l’autre, est un moyen de parvenir à une resignification générale des vies dans un lien social lui-même resignifié.
Health Care Disparities and the LGBT Population addresses a people whose lack of health care access, including mistreatment and refusal of services, are often omitted from discussions about health care and insurance reform. Research suggests that LGBT people experience worse health outcomes than their heterosexual counterparts. Low rates of health insurance coverage, high rates of stress due to systematic harassment, stigma, discrimination, and lack of cultural competency in the health care system frequently manifest in negative health-related behaviors. The dearth of data collection on sexual orientation and identity in state and federal health care surveys has led to inadequate information about LGBT populations, and has impeded the establishment of health programs and public policies that benefit them. With its diverse perspectives, this book will not only benefit LGBT people, but will also more broadly improve the lives of entire communities, medical care, and prevention programs and services. This research provides a better understanding of the social and structural inequalities that LGBT populations experience. Improvements to our country’s health care system should go beyond just providing universal insurance and should ensure equitable health care for all.
Is sex identity a feature of one’s mind or body, and is it a relational or intrinsic property? Who is in the best position to know a person’s sex, do we each have a true sex, and is a person’s sex an alterable characteristic? When a person’s sex assignment changes, has the old self disappeared and a new one emerged; or, has only the public presentation of one’s self changed? “You’ve Changed” examines the philosophical questions raised by the phenomenon of sex reassignment, and brings together the essays of scholars known for their work in gender, sexuality, queer, and disability studies, feminist epistemology and science studies, and philosophical accounts of personal identity. An interdisciplinary contribution to the emerging field of transgender studies, it will be of interest to students and scholars in a number of disciplines.
Is sex identity a feature of one’s mind or body, and is it a relational or intrinsic property? Who is in the best position to know a person’s sex, do we each have a true sex, and is a person’s sex an alterable characteristic? When a person’s sex assignment changes, has the old self disappeared and a new one emerged; or, has only the public presentation of one’s self changed? “You’ve Changed” examines the philosophical questions raised by the phenomenon of sex reassignment, and brings together the essays of scholars known for their work in gender, sexuality, queer, and disability studies, feminist epistemology and science studies, and philosophical accounts of personal identity. An interdisciplinary contribution to the emerging field of transgender studies, it will be of interest to students and scholars in a number of disciplines.
This collection of essays seeks to expand the parameters of the debate on pornography. In an effort to move away from the divisive frameworks of which side are you on? and who counts as women worthy to be listened to? in feminist debates on pornography, this volume seeks to understand what pornography means to those who consume it, fight against it, work within it, and to those engaged in changing its meaning. By opening up a space for divergent points of view to address the complexity of sexual material, this volume seeks to forge solidarity amongst a diverse array of constituencies, including academics, activists, and sex workers from diverse socio-political contexts. Through seeking to address the relationship between imperialism, the exotic, and the pornographic, the collection moves away from Eurocentric perspectives on pornography, by including the perspectives of women involved in struggles for national liberation in the South. This volume explores a wide range of issues, such as, how the meaning of pornography is shaped by changing historical and political realities; the role law should play, if any, in the sex industry; whether union organizing can change the working conditions in the sex industry; kinds of representational politics available for redefining pornography; and how sexually explicity literature, videos, art, and music can serve the purpose of sexual freedom. Contributors to the volume include Diana Russell, Catharine MacKinnon, Andrea Dworkin, Wendy Brown, Becki Ross, Mallek Alloula, M. Jacqui Alexander, Victoria Ortiz, bell hooks, Rey Chow, Judith Butler, Candida Royalle, Zoraida Ramirez Rodriguez, amongst others.
In the 1960s and 1970s, minority and women students at colleges and universities across the United States organized protest movements to end racial and gender inequality on campus. African American, Chicano, Asian American, American Indian, women, and gay and lesbian activists demanded the creation of departments that reflected their histories and experiences, resulting in the formation of interdisciplinary studies programs that hoped to transform both the university and the wider society beyond the campus. This book traces and assesses the ways in which the rise of interdisciplines—departments of race, gender, and ethnicity; fields such as queer studies—were not simply a challenge to contemporary power as manifest in academia, the state, and global capitalism but were, rather, constitutive of it. The book delineates precisely how minority culture and difference as affirmed by legacies of the student movements were appropriated and institutionalized by established networks of power. Critically examining liberationist social movements and the cultural products that have been informed by them, including works by Adrian Piper, Toni Cade Bambara, Jhumpa Lahiri, and Zadie Smith, this book argues for the need to recognize the vulnerabilities of cultural studies to co-option by state power and to develop modes of debate and analysis that may be in the institution but are, unequivocally, not of it.
