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Propiedades psicométricas de una versión española del Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck (BAI) en estudiantes universitarios
... El Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck (BAI, Beck, et al., 1988; versión española de Sanz y Navarro, 2003) es un instrumento autoaplicado que se utiliza para valorar la sintomatología ansiosa. La consistencia interna es de ,88 (Sanz y Navarro, 2003). Cuestionario de Aceptacición y Accón (AAQ-II, Bond et al., 2011; versión española de Ruiz et al., 2013) es una herramienta que se utiliza para conocer la flexibilidad psicológica. ...
La psicosis en sus etapas iniciales puede manifestarse con síntomas ansioso-depresivos que afectan al funcionamiento y a la calidad de vida. Este estudio de caso presenta a un joven de 27 años con un primer episodio psicótico, cuyos síntomas atenuados pero persistentes generaban ansiedad y afectaban a su estado emocional. A lo largo de 12 sesiones utilizando la terapia de aceptación y compromiso, se trabajó en la mejora de la flexibilidad cognitiva, el manejo de la ansiedad y la depresión, así como en el compromiso con acciones alineadas con los valores personales. Se observó mejora clínica, evaluada mediante el índice de cambio fiable y los puntos de corte establecidos, que sugiere la efectividad de ACT en el manejo de la sintomatología ansioso-depresiva asociada a un trastorno psicótico incipiente. Los resultados apuntan a que la terapia de aceptación y Compromiso puede ser una intervención efectiva para mejorar la calidad de vida y el bienestar emocional en individuos que enfrentan este tipo de trastornos.
... Mood was assessed during both sessions (Fol and Lut) using a battery of questionnaires that and iv) trait anxiety was measured through the trait version of STAI and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI; Sanz & Navarro, 2003). To discard any possible differences between groups, we run both frequentist and Bayesian t-tests to test the hypothesis that the means for groups PMSand PMS+ are not equal for each questionnaire. ...
Research on female health has increased thanks to the growing interest in women's well-being. Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is characterized by its high incidence and negative emotional symptoms during the luteal phase. While various studies suggest that the menstrual cycle affects emotional processing, the role of PMS has barely been investigated. Prior evidence suggests that the menstrual cycle does not modulate the attentional capture by emotional faces (Alvarez et al., 2022). This study aims to explore PMS's impact on this phenomenon. Forty-seven women performed an attentional capture task in both phases of the menstrual cycle, with emotional faces as distractors. Both behavioral performance and Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) were recorded. Additionally, premenstrual symptoms were monitored over two menstrual cycles. Results showed no significant interaction effect of PMS, either at the behavioral or ERP levels. However, emotional stimuli, particularly angry faces, consistently captured attention more than neutral ones, as reflected in enhanced P1 and N170 components. These results indicate no evidence that PMS modulates exogenous attention to emotional stimuli. Future studies should consider individual affective states, such as depressive and anxiety symptoms associated with PMS, rather than PMS as a category, to further investigate the potential effects of PMS on attentional capture.
... It comprises 21 items distributed in two dimensions (somatic anxiety and affective anxiety); although an overall score can also be obtained. In this study, the Spanish adaptation offered by Sanz and Navarro (2003) was used. The responses are scored using a Likert scale that ranges from 0 (not at all) to 3 (severely; I could barely stand it). ...
Paranormal games are used as oracles by some people for entertainment, with the Ouija board being the most classic example. There is scant information in scientific literature regarding the psychological effects and risks associated with these types of activities. Although the Ouija is legally sold as a children’s game, its potential health impacts need to be scientifically assessed and evidence-based. In this study, we examine the psychological effects and risks linked to using the Ouija board. A quasi-experimental design was carried out. Twenty-one Ouija sessions were performed with four participants in each trial. In total, 84 subjects took part. Pretest and posttest measures of anxiety levels, altered states of consciousness (ASC), and perceptual disturbances were evaluated. The variable “beliefs in the paranormal” was added as an interaction factor. Believers demonstrated higher average scores than nonbelievers on all posttest measurements. Analysis of the interaction between simple effects revealed that believers’ anxiety levels increased by 25.5% for paranormal believers (vs. nonbelievers). Believers also experienced heightened ASC and anomalous experiences. It is important to highlight the possible influence of the environment on believing participants. Certain environmental characteristics could have generated increases in the levels of anxiety and suggestibility. These influences should be controlled in future research. Overall, this study found that participants who believe in the paranormal (vs. nonbelievers) are more likely to perceive symptoms of anxiety, ASC, and anomalous experiences as a result of playing Ouija.
... This is formed by 21 items measured through a Likert scale. The internal consistency of the version of Sanz and Navarro [29] obtained a value of α = 0.911. For this research, a value of α = 0.936 was obtained. ...
Background
Motivation is a variable that directly influences task orientation. Within the motivational sphere, the motivational climate determines whether a task is performed with an intrinsic or extrinsic.
Purpose
It has been observed that depending on motivational orientations, anxiety levels and task performance can be increased. Likewise, there are differences in interests depending on the gender of individuals.
Methods
This research aims (a) To elaborate and adjust a theoretical model of the causal relationship of motivational climate on anxiety and academic performance and (b) To analyse the causal relationship between the motivational climate on anxiety and the average mark of the participants. Regarding the design, a comparative, cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out on a sample of 558 trainee physical education teachers. The sample for this study is from southern Spain. Likewise, the branch of study of the sample is related to university degrees in education sciences and physical activity and sport sciences. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport-2 and an ad hoc socio-demographic questionnaire were used to collect the data.
Results
It is observed that the male sex presents a greater causal relationship of task climate (β=−0.259; p ≤ 0.05) and ego climate (β = 0.324; p ≤ 0.001) on anxiety. A stronger causal relationship of task climate (β = 0.340; p ≤ 0.001) and ego climate (β = 0.241; p ≤ 0.05) on mean score is also observed for the male population. The sample presents a negative causal relationship of anxiety on the average mark. This is higher for the male population (β=−0.126).
Conclusions
Male students show a greater causal effect of motivational climate on anxiety and grade point average. Likewise, the causal relationship of task climate on the development of anxiety is negative for the study sample. In contrast, the ego climate exerts a positive causal relationship on the development of anxiety.
... Anxiety was assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), developed by Beck et al. (1988) and adapted into Spanish by Sanz and Navarro (2003). This 21-item selfreport questionnaire uses a 4-point scale ranging from 0 (not at all) to 3 (severely, I could barely stand it), and includes items such as numbness or tingling. ...
This study investigates the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in reducing stress and anxiety among technology professionals during the implementation of significant technological changes within their organization. It is designed as a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with four assessment points (baseline, post-intervention, and follow-ups at 3 and 6 months), where 64 participants, including software developers, systems engineers, and data analysts, were randomized to either a mindfulness-based intervention group (n = 32) or a waitlist control group (n = 32). Stress levels were measured using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and anxiety levels were assessed with the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Significant reductions in stress and anxiety were observed post-intervention, and these improvements were maintained during the follow-up assessments, confirming the effectiveness and sustained benefits of mindfulness-based interventions in managing stress and anxiety associated with technological change.
... The BAI was chosen for its brevity and usefulness in detecting symptoms of generalized anxiety. In the current study, the Spanish adaptation by Sanz and Navarro was used [96]. It is a self-reported measure with 21 items that represent possible anxiety symptoms. ...
Background/Objectives: Autistic adults exhibit core and comorbid features that can have an impact on their daily functioning and lead to considerable psychological distress. Significant and consistent associations have been identified between autism characteristics—restricted repetitive behaviors and sensory features—and high levels of stress and anxiety. For a better understanding of the issue, it is necessary to consider the cognitive aspects that can help explain variations in stress and anxiety levels among adults with autism. We therefore aimed to model the contributions of worry and intolerance of uncertainty on the relationship between autism characteristics (sensory sensitivities and repetitive behaviors) and psychological distress (stress and anxiety). Methods: The sample comprised 144 autistic individuals with a mean age of 35.15 (SD = 11.44). They participated in the study by completing an online questionnaire to assess the study variables. Most of the participants reported being diagnosed with Asperger syndrome (63.6%) or Level 1 autism spectrum disorder (27.1%). Results: The model fit index values tested through path analysis indicated a good fit (χ2 = 5.65; p = 0.13 ns; CFI = 0.993; NFI = 0.985; RMSEA = 0.079; SRMR = 0.025) and identified worry and intolerance of uncertainty as significant mediating variables within a comprehensive explanatory model. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of worry and intolerance of uncertainty as specific targets in interventions aimed at improving stress and anxiety problems in autistic adults.
Emotional disorders (EDs) represent a significant volume of consultations in Primary Care (PC), where family physicians do not have the time or tools to assess them effectively. Therefore, individuals are referred to Mental Health Units (MHUs) regardless of the severity of their symptoms. The aim of this study is to explore the screening ability of two brief measures, ODSIS and OASIS. A cohort study was conducted with 256 individuals referred from PC to Spanish MHUs with a main diagnosis of EDs. The variables assessed at pre-psychological treatment, post and up to the 15-month follow-up were anxiety, depression, neuroticism, extraversion, quality of life, interference, and emotional regulation. Participants were retrospectively divided into three groups based on their baseline scores on the severity and interference of depressive (ODSIS) and anxious (OASIS) symptomatology. The results showed statistically significant differences between the three groups in all variables and times assessed, with effect sizes ranging from moderate to large (η² values between 0.42 and 0.95). Similar results were obtained in the linear mixed models, a main effect of the variable “group” was observed in all variables with effect sizes ranging from small to medium (Cohen’s d values between 0.20 and 0.49). However, no “Time*Group” interaction effects were found (except for ODSIS and neuroticism), nor Time*Group*Sessions* so no different evolution was observed over time between groups or based on the number of sessions. ODSIS and OASIS allow an easy and effective discrimination of individuals regarding their emotional symptoms and their differences remain stable over time while receiving a psychological treatment. Trial NCT03064477 (March 10, 2017).
Resumen: Antecedentes: La pandemia mundial ha impactado en los actores de la educación, tanto en el confinamiento como en el proceso de retorno a las clases presenciales, por lo que el objetivo de esta investigación es identificar el estrés y la ansiedad de los profesores en su retorno a la presencialidad después de dos años de educación virtual durante la Pandemia Covid19 en el Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia durante el curso 2022. Método: Se realizó un estudio no experimental, cuantitativo, descriptivo y correlacional, y se recogió una muestra intencional a 569 profesores de todos los niveles educativos (desde infantil a universidad). Resultados: Se observa que los profesores no se sienten realizados en su labor docente, los hombres sufren mayor estrés y están más afectados en la despersonalización, mientras que las mujeres sufren mayor ansiedad. La falta de conocimiento en el manejo de las tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC) para la enseñanza son un factor que afecta tanto al estrés como a la ansiedad. Conclusiones: El estudio aporta elementos para el establecimiento de un plan estratégico que aborde los problemas de salud mental y la formación continua del profesorado en TIC.
Objective: To determine the relationship between sedentary lifestyle in university students and its relationship with physiological and psychological variables. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study, carried out in a sample of 376 university students belonging to the Teruel campus. The following variables were collected by means of questionnaires: anxiety, stress and sitting hours, and resting heart rate (HR) was measured. A correlation matrix using Pearson's coefficient in a linear regression model was used to test the association between variables. Results: Increased time in a sedentary position was related to increased levels of stress (p<0.001) and resting heart rate (p=0.014) independently of age. In addition, anxiety and stress also find a significant association(p<0.001). Higher self-perceived anxiety is related to higher stress levels. Only in those under 23 years of age is there a positive correlation between self-perceived anxiety and heart rate. That is, the higher the anxiety the higher the heart rate. Conclusions: The study showed that spending more time in a sedentary position generates negative consequences on students' health, such as increases in stress levels or resting heart rate, which could become an indirect risk of cardiovascular disease.
Alrededor del 3,6% de los 11 millones de personas encarceladas globalmente padecen trastornos psicóticos, lo que representa una prevalencia cuatro veces mayor en comparación con la población general. Este fenómeno está vinculado a altas tasas de suicidio entre los reclusos, mayor riesgo de muerte prematura tras la liberación y una elevada probabilidad de reincidencia. Ante esta realidad, instituciones Penitenciarias Españolas iniciaron en 2009 un programa destinado a la atención integral de reclusos con Trastornos Mentales Graves. El objetivo de este estudio piloto es explorar cómo la ansiedad, la depresión y los trastornos relacionados con experiencias traumáticas pueden afectar a los reclusos en dos prisiones de Lugo, recopilando datos iniciales que permitan entender mejor los desafíos de salud mental que enfrenta esta población. Los resultados evidenciaron diferencias significativas en las variables de ansiedad, depresión y experiencias de abuso, destacando la importancia de considerar estos factores en la atención a
la salud mental en el entorno carcelario. Estos hallazgos sientan las bases para futuras investigaciones y abogan por políticas y programas más efectivos para garantizar una atención adecuada en las prisiones.
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