No full-text available
To read the full-text of this research,
you can request a copy directly from the authors.
Investigation the effects using different mixtures of Nettle (Urtica dioica), Menta pulagum (Oreganum vulgare) and Zizaphora (Thymyus vulgaris) on performance and carcass traits of broilers
... Specific herbs, known as natural phytogenic feed additives with antimicrobial and antioxidant effects, such as garlic, cinnamon, anise, coriander, oregano, pepper, chili, nettle, rosemary, thyme and many others, can potentially be used as farm animal performance enhancers [4][5][6]. The majority of studies on the effects of various herbs on broiler performance have reported positive effects on gain, feed conversion and carcass quality [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. ...
... Studies of nettle as a feed additive in broiler production mainly show positive effects on performance and carcass traits. In several experiments, a level of 0.75 to 2% nettle added to the diet had a positive effect on body weight gain and carcass traits of broiler chickens [9,19,[21][22][23]. The best results when implementing different levels of nettle, in the research of Bekele et al. [24], are obtained with the rate of 9% of nettle leaves in the diet, with reported improved feed intake and daily weight gain. ...
... With the findings of Bao et al. [56] showing that Zn deficiency can decrease the feed intake and body growth of Cobb broilers, and the previously reported effects of nettle supplementation on increasing the growth performance and carcass weight of chickens [9,19,22,23], the results of this research propose that this weight increase is probably more pronounced in drumstick muscles, as a result of higher Zn content (Table 11). ...
The objective of the present trial was to evaluate the effects of nettle leaves (Urtica dioica) supplementation, broiler gender and muscle portion on meat fatty acid and mineral profiles. Prior to the trial, a total of 600 one-day-old Cobb 500 broiler chickens of both genders, equally, were randomly divided into three groups: a basal diet (control group) and a basal diet supplemented in the last two weeks of fattening with fresh nettle leaves (30 g/kg diet) or with oven dry nettle leaves (5 g/kg diet). After reaching 42 days of age, twenty birds per diet group were randomly selected (four birds per box, both genders equally) and slaughtered, and breasts and drumsticks were collected for analysis. The dry nettle supplementation increased the MUFA and lowered the PUFA, n-6 and n-6/n-3 ratio, mainly in female broilers (p < 0.05). Drumsticks had higher MUFA and PUFA and lower SFA and n-6/n-3 ratio compared to breast meat (p < 0.05). The addition of nettle to broiler diet increased Fe, Zn and Se and decreased Ca levels, mainly in drumsticks (p < 0.05). Furthermore, drumstick meat had more elements with proven health benefits, such as Fe, Zn, Ca and Mn, than breast meat. This study suggests that feeding Cobb 500 broilers with the addition of nettle leaves can significantly change meat fatty acid and mineral composition, but this effect differed between gender and portion.
... Using 1.5% of different mixtures of formulated (Table 1) to meet the requirements of laying nettle, pennyroyal and Zizaphora medicinal plants i n hens as established by the NRC [13]. broiler diets improved their performance and carcass Dried aerial parts of pennyroyal and nettle were quality [9]. An application of 0.75% of mixtures of nettle, supplied from local market and their compositions were pennyroyal and Zizaphora in the grower period had determined according to AOAC [14]. ...
... The addition different levels of nettle alone or together with enzyme could not improve the performance of laying hens. The observation about nettle and pennyroyal in present experiment not supported by Modiry et al. results who reported that using 1.5% of different mixtures of nettle, pennyroyal and Zizaphora medicinal plants in broiler diets improved their performance and carcass quality [9]. The observed differences in results of current experiment with previous experiment may be related to experiment status, medicinal plants laying hens used in these experiment. ...
A study was conducted to investigate the effects of varying levels of nettle (Urtica dioica L.), pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.) medicinal plants and enzyme on performance and egg traits of laying hens. In this study 288 Hy Line (W36) laying hens from 24-36 weeks of egg were used as 2×3 factorial experiment with 2 levels of nettle (0, 0.5%) and pennyroyal (0, 0.5%) and enzyme (0 and 0.05%) in a completely randomized design with 8 treatments, 3 replicates and 12 birds in each replicate. Using 0.5% of pennyroyal significantly decreased the egg production percent, egg mass and increased feed conversion, 0.5% of nettle significantly decreased the amount of daily feed intake. Interaction between enzyme and pennyroyal significantly decreased the amounts of egg production percent and egg mass, interaction between pennyroyal and nettle significantly decreased the amounts of egg production percent, egg mass and feed intake. Interaction between enzyme, pennyroyal and nettle significantly decreased the egg production percent and egg mass. Using pennyroyal, nettle and interaction between pennyroyal, nettle and between pennyroyal, nettle and enzyme significantly increased the eggshell thickness. The overall results showed that dietary supplementation 0.5% of pennyroyal, 0.05% of nettle itself or by combination together had adverse effects on performance of laying hens.
... Furthermore, Nobakht and Mehmannavaz [10] observed the beneficial influence of pennyroyal on performance, egg quality, blood and immunity parameters of laying hens. Also, Modiry et al [11] reported that the use of 1.5% of different mixtures of Urtica dioica, M. pulegium and T. vulgaris medicinal plants in broiler diets improved their performance and carcass quality. Geran et al [12] reported that, supplementation of pennyroyal essential oils did not significantly affect feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion in broilers. ...
... Nobakht et al [15] reported that the presence of M. pulegium L. blended with other medicinal herbs significantly improved the performance of broilers. Modiry et al [11] reported that the use of 1.5% of different mixtures of Urtica dioica, M. pulegium and T. vulgaris medicinal plants in broiler diets improved their performance and carcass quality. Also, Nobakht et al [15] reported positive effect of M. pulegium L. on performance indices of broiler chicks. ...
Objective
The trial involved 240 Ross 308 broiler chicks in order to investigate the effects of Mentha pulegium L. (pennyroyal) on performance, carcass traits and immune responses in broiler chickens.Methods
Birds were assigned to 4 treatments: control feed, antibiotic group receiving 4.5 mg/kg flavophospholipol, and 5 and 10 g/kg pennyroyal powder added to the basal diet. Body weights of broilers were determined at d 1, 14, 28 and 42, feed intake was determined at the same periods, and feed conversion ratio was calculated accordingly. At day 42, two birds per replicate were slaughtered for the determination of carcass traits. Antibody titers against newcastle, influenza viruses and sheep red blood cell (SRBC) were determined.ResultsPerformance, Internal organ weights and carcass characteristics were not significantly influenced by the dietary treatments at day 42. Humoral immune responses were not affected by dietary treatments.Conclusions
In conclusion, the results of this study showed that addition of pennyroyal powder seem not to have a positive influence on growth performance of broiler chicks.
... Recent studies in broilers showed that using nettle in blend with other medicinal plants had positive effects on performance, carcass traits, blood biochemical and immunity parameters. Using 1.5% of different mixtures of nettle, menta pulagum and zizaphora medicinal plants in broiler diets improved their performance and carcass quality [5]. ...
... With increased amounts of absorbed amino acids, organs like breast and thigh drawn more growth. Our findings on carcass traits in this experiment are in agreement with study results of Modiry et al [5]. ...
... However, Nobakht and Mehmannavaz [18] revealed that dietary supplementation of pennyroyal improved the performance and egg quality of laying hens. Furthermore, some researchers discovered the positive effects of dietary pennyroyal supplementation on performance of broilers [16,19,20,21,22]. ...
The aim of this study wasto investigate the effects of the supplementation of Mentha pulegium extract (MPE) and vitamin E on performance, egg quality and antioxidant enzyme activities of laying hens. The experiment study was conducted with 120 40 weeks old laying hens (Lohman LSL). Hens were given five dietary treatments of which each was repeated six times on 4 birds. Hens in the experiment groups were given 50 mg / kg MPE, 100 mg / kg MPE, 50 mg / kg vitamin E, 100 mg/kg vitamin E and the hens in control group were fed on basal diet. MPE and vitamin E supplementation did not make any change on feed consumption and egg weight but improved feed conversion ratio. Addition of 100 mg / kg MPE and vitamin E significantly increased the egg production. No significant difference were found between control and experimental groups in terms of shell thickness, yellowness, shape index and ratio of albumen , yolk and egg shell. However, MPE and vitamin E supplementation improved theshell breaking strength and Hough Unit. Dietary supplementation of MPE and vitamin E did not change AST, ALT, TG, cholesterol, HDL, LDL and glucose level in serum. Serum MDA value was decreased by MPE and vitamin E addition. Serum MDA levels were reduced by addition of MPE and vitamin E, but there was no difference in SOD activity among the groups. The addition of 50 and 100 mg / kg vitamin E significantly reduced the GSH-Px activity. As a result, 100 mg / kg MPE sup-plementation can be recommended as an alternative to antibiotic feed additives.
... Thyme (Thymus vulgaris), cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum) and mint (Mentha piperita) are herbs commonly used as spices in human food and have received considerable attention as beneficial additives in poultry nutrition. The positive effect on animal health and performance may be achieved through the stimulation of appetite and feed intake (FI), improvement of endogenous enzyme secretion, activation of immune responses and antiviral, antioxidant and anthelminthic actions (Manzanilla et al. 2001;Lee et al. 2003;Jamroz et al. 2003;Modiry et al. 2010;Toghyani et al. 2010). ...
• This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of chitosan nano-encapsulating mint (MEO), thyme (TEO) and cinnamon (CEO) essential oils (EOs) used in the diet on performance, immune responses and intestinal bacteria population in broiler chickens.
• A total of 600 mixed-sex, one day old Ross 308 broiler chicks were used in a 2×4 factorial experiment as completely randomised design with eight experimental groups (diets) with five replicates of fifteen chicks each (totally 40 pens). The eight experimental diets consisted of no EO and free distiller water (control); no EO and chitosan nano-encapsulated (CNE) distiller water; and other six treatments with free or CNE form of MEO, TEO and CEO (added at 0.025, 0.04 and 0.055% respectively to starter, grower and finisher diets).
• Both EOs and the CNE form had significant (P<0.05) benefits on improving body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio in periods of 29-42 and 1-42 days. The highest effect was (P<0.05) obtained in birds receiving TEO, which was intensified by nano-encapsulation. Breast percentage was improved by nano-encapsulation (P>0.05). The Eos (especially TEO and CEO) and CNE form improved (P<0.05) serum IgY and IgM concentrations (at 35 and 42 days) and intestinal Lactobacillus spp. and E. coli populations (at 42 days) in broilers. Nano-encapsulated EOs, especially TEO and CEO had (P<0.05) the largest effect on increasing IgY42 concentrations and the microbial populations.
• The tested EOs, especially TEO, improved more of the evaluated traits in broiler chickens. Also, Chitosan nano-encapsulation because of its ideal properties can be an effective, suitable and inexpensive method for protecting bioactive compounds and improving effects of the herbal EOs especially thyme in broiler chickens.
... With increased amounts of absorbed amino acids, organs like breast and thigh drawn more growth. Our findings on carcass traits in this experiment are in agreement with study results of Modiry et al [21]. ...
To investigate the effects of pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.) powder on performances, the concentration of some blood parameters and carcass characteristics of broilers, 160 one-day-old Ross chicks were used in the form of a completely randomized design with four treatments and four repetitions. Experimental treatments included the levels of zero (control), 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6% of pennyroyal powder. The treatment containing 0.6% of pennyroyal powder compared to the control group had higher feed consumption in the starter period (P <0.05). However, there was no significant difference during the growth period and the whole experimental period. In terms of average daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio, there was no significant difference between the experimental treatments during the starter, growth and the whole experimental periods. The carcass percentage decreased significantly at the age of 42 days in treatments containing pennyroyal powder compared to the control group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between experimental treatments in terms of weight percentage of carcass components including thigh, chest, abdominal fat, heart, liver, and gizzard. The concentration of triglycerides and plasma VLDL decreased significantly in treatments containing pennyroyal powder and decreased linearly compared to the control group (P <0.05). In terms of cholesterol and plasma HDL levels, a significant decrease was observed in treatment containing 0.4 level and treatment containing 0.2 percent of pennyroyal powder compared to the control group (P <0.05) respectively. Plasma LDL levels were not affected by experimental treatments. The results of the present study showed that the use of limited levels of pennyroyal powder up to 0.6% has no significant effect on the performance of broilers.
This study was conducted to determine the effect of inclusion of fever tea (Lippia javanica) leaf meal in broiler diets on growth performance, carcass characteristics and fatty acid (FA) profiles over a 42-day feeding period. One hundred and eighty, one-day-old, broiler chicks were randomly allocated to the following four treatments: 1) negative control (commercial broiler diet only [Negcontrol]); 2) positive control (commercial broiler diet + prophylactic antibiotics [Poscontrol]); 3) commercial broiler diet without prophylactic antibiotics + 5 g of L. javanica per kg of feed (Ljav5) and 4) commercial broiler diet without prophylactic antibiotics + 12 g of L. javanica per kg of feed (Ljav12). Body weights (BW) and feed intake (FI) were recorded weekly and used to calculate feed conversion ratio (FCR) and average daily weight gain (ADG). At the end of the trial (day 42), all chickens were slaughtered at a local commercial abattoir for assessment of carcass characteristics and FA profiles of meat. The broilers fed L. javanica had significantly (P
Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of using different levels of chicory and zizaphora medicinal plants on carcass characteristic of male and female broilers. In each of these experiments 300 broilers (Ross 308) from 1- 42 days of age in two breeding periods starter (1-21) and grower (22-42) days of age were used in a completely randomized design in 5 treatments and 3 replicates (with 20 birds in each replicate). The amounts of each medicinal plant powder were 0-2 per cent from control until 5 experiment groups. The results showed that there were significant difference between treatments in experiments about the carcass characteristics (P<0.05). By using chicory in male broilers, the lowest per cent of abdominal fat (2.16%) was observed in group 3, whereas the highest per cent (3.61%) was observed in group 2, the highest and lowest (27.70) and (25.37%) per cents of thigh were obtained in 4 and 5 groups. Different levels of chicory could not affect significantly the carcass traits of female broilers. In using different levels of zizaphora in male broilers, the lowest and the highest per cents of gizzard (2.54% and 3.1%) were observed in control and 5 groups, in female broilers, the lowest (2.54%) and the highest (5.30%) per cents of abdominal fat were resulted in group 5 and control. It was concluded the use different levels of chicory in male broilers and different levels of zizaphora in male and female broilers have positive effects on their carcass parts.
Four feeding trials were conducted to investigate the effects of using different levels of some medicinal plants on carcass characteristic of male broilers. In each of these experiments 300 broilers (Ross 308) from 1 to 42 days of age in two breeding periods, starter (1 to 21) and grower (22 to 42) days of age were used in a completely randomized design in 5 treatments and 3 replicates (with 20 birds in each replicate). The amounts of each medicinal plant powder were 0 to 2% for the control and the 5 experiment groups. The results showed that there were significant difference between treatments in all experiments about the carcass characteristics (p<0.05). By using chicory, the lowest percent of abdominal fat (2.16%) was observed in group 3, whereas the highest percent (3.61%) was observed in group 2. The highest and the lowest percents of thigh (27.70 and 25.37%) were observed in experiment groups 4 and 5. In using different levels of zizaphora the lowest and the highest percents of gizzard (2.54 and 3.1%) were observed in the control and the 5 groups. About nettle the highest and the lowest intestine percents (5.26 and 3.91%) were observed in control and 3 experiment groups, whereas the highest and the lowest gizzard percents (2.90 and 2.44%) were observed in 2 and control groups, the highest and the lowest percents of liver (3.85 and 2.87%) were observed in groups 5 and 3. Different levels of savoury could not affect the carcass characteristic in broilers, whereas different levels of chicory, zizaphora and nettle could effectively improve the carcass characteristics of broilers.
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of powdered Mentha pulegium L. (pennyroyal; medicinal plant) obtained from its dried aerial part on performance, carcass traits, hematological and blood biochemical parameters of broilers. 300 broiler chicks (Ross 308) were used in a completely randomized design in five treatments and three replicates (20 birds per replicate) for 42 days. The treatment groups consisted of a control group (1) with no Mentha pulegium L. supplementation, and 2, 3, 4 and 5 experimental groups with different levels of Mentha pulegium L. in 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2% in the feedstuff, respectively. There were significant differences between treatments on performance, carcass traits and blood biochemical parameters of broilers (p<0.05). The lowest amount of daily weight gain (38.82 g) and the highest feed conversion (1.95) were observed in the control group, whereas the highest amount of daily weight gain (46.24 g), the lowest feed conversion (1.71), and the highest breast percent (33.29) were observed in Group 2. The blood samples of Group 5 showed the lowest amount of glucose (157.12 mg/dl) but there was no significant difference between Groups 2 and 5 in the blood glucose levels. The overall results showed that the use of 0.5% of M. pulegium L. medicinal plant in the diets of broilers has positive effects on their performance and carcass traits.
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of powdered Mentha pulegiumL. (pennyroyal; medicinal plant) obtained from its dried aerial part on performance and carcass traits, of broilers. 200 broiler chicks (Ross 308) were used in a completely randomized design in five treatments and four replicates (10 birds per replicate) for 42 days. The treatment groups consisted of a control group (C) with no pennyroyal and Antibiotic supplementation,(A) with no pennyroyal and contain 300 mg/Kg antibiotic virginiamicin and B, D and E experimental groups with different levels of pennyroyal (1, 2 and 3%, respectively). There were significant differences between treatments on performance and carcass traits of broilers (p<0.05). The lowest amount of daily weight gain (43.50 g) and the highest feed conversion (1.75) were observed in the control group, whereas the highest amount of daily weight gain (49.9 g), the lowest feed conversion (1.62), and the highest breast percent (23.08) were observed in Group A. There was no significant difference between Groups A and D in the yield trait. The overall results showed that the use of 2% of pennyroyal medicinal plant in the diets of broilers has positive effects on their performance and carcass traits.
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.