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LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating of detrital zircons from the Permian sandstones in north side of Xar Moron River suture belt and its tectonic implications

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  • China Aero Geophysical Survey & Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources, Peking, China

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The study area is geographically located in the northern side of Xar Moron River suture belt in the eastern Inner Mongolia and the southern Da Hingg an Mountains and tectonically between the Sonidzuoqi Xilinhot southern Xi Ujimqin suture belt and Xar Moron River suture belt. It's a key area for the study on the collision process between the northern margin of North China Plate and the blocks to the north. The detrital zircons from Permian sandstones in Hexigten Banner (Keqi for short) and Linxi areas in the northern side of Xar Moron River suture belt have been dated by LA-ICP-MS U-Pb method. The dating results suggest that the previous Mid-Permian "Zhesi" Fm. is probably a Late Permian or even Early Triassic sedimentary sequence. The provenance of the Permian sediments in Keqi and Linxi areas is mainly from Sonidzuoqi-Xilinhot sourthern Xi Ujimqin magma arc in the north, and partly from the northern margin of North China Plate. It is indicated that the collision between the northern margin of North China Plate and the blocks to the north had started in Late Permian during the Linxi Fm. depositing, the Permian sediments provenance in Linxi and Keqi areas mixed those from the north and south, and the final closure time was about 250 Ma.
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36 4地球科学  中国地质大学学报 V ol. 36 No . 4
2 0 1 1 7E art h Sc ien ce Jour nal of China U niver sit y o f Geosciences July 2 0 1 1
doi: 10. 3799/ dqkx. 2011. 070
基金项目:国家自然科学重点基金项目( No. 40739905) ; 博士点基金项目( N o. 200801830041) ; 国家油气专项( N o. 2009GY XQ 12) ; 中国石油
工股份有限公司科技开发项目( No. G080006ZS327) ; 国家留学基金建设高水平大学公派研究生项目( No . 2008617114) .
作者简介:韩国卿( 1982- ) , ,博士研究生,主要从事构造地质学和构造年代学研究. Em ail: h ang u oqing ster@ ya hoo . cn
*通讯作者:刘永江, Email: yongjian g@ jlu. edu. cn
西拉木伦河缝合带北侧二叠纪砂岩碎屑锆石
LAICPMS UPb 年代学及其构造意义
国卿1, 2 ,刘永1* ,温泉波1,1,吴琳娜1, 3 ,
英利1,1, 4 ,赵立敏1,梁琛岳1
1. 吉林大学地球科学学院,吉林长春 130061
2. 萨尔茨堡大学地质与地理系,奥地利萨尔茨堡 A5020
3. 冀东油田勘探开发研究院,河北唐山 063004
4. 中国冶金地质总局第一地质勘查院,河北燕郊 101601
摘要:研究区位于西拉木伦河缝合带北侧,地理位置位于内蒙古东部草原区、大兴安岭南段,构造部位介于苏尼特左旗-
浩特-西乌珠穆沁旗南缝合线和西拉木伦河缝合带之间,是讨论华北地块北缘与其北侧地块拼贴过程的关键地区.通过西
拉木伦河缝合带北侧克什克腾旗(简称克旗)和林西地区二叠纪砂岩进行碎 屑锆石 L AICPM S UPb 年代学研究,认为
地区原中二叠世哲斯组可能为一套晚二叠世甚至早三叠世沉积.克旗、林西地区二叠纪的沉积物源主要来自 其北侧的苏
特左旗-锡林浩特-西乌旗南的岩浆弧,并有华北板块北缘物源混入,华北板块北缘与其北侧地块应 在晚二叠世林西组沉
时期已经开始碰撞,导致林西地区林西组沉积具有南北两侧混合物源特征,板块碰撞的最终闭合的时间应在 250 M a .
关键词:缝合带;砂岩;;地质年代学;构造学.
中图分类号: P 597 文章编号: 1000- 2383( 2011) 0 4- 0687- 16 收稿日期: 2010- 11- 16
LAICPMS UPb Dating of Detrital Zircons from the Permian Sandstones in
North Side of Xar Moron River Suture Belt and Its Tectonic Implications
H AN G uoqing1, 2 , LIU Yon gjiang1* , WE N Q uanb o1, LI W ei1, W U L inna1, 3 ,
Z H A O Y ingli1, DING L ing1, 4 , ZH A O L im in1, L IAN G Cheny ue1
1. C ol le ge of E ar th Sci ence s, J il in Uni v er si ty , Chan g chun 130061, Chi na
2. I ns tit ut e of Geo l ogy an d P alae ont ol ogy , Unive r si ty o f S al z bur g , S al z bur g A5020, A ust ri a
3. R esear ch I ns titu te o f Ex p l ora ti on and D ev e lop m ent , J i d ong Oil f i el d , T ang s han 063004, China
4. T he 1s t Geo log ica l Ex p lo rat i on Ins ti tut e of China E xp l or ati on Bu rea u , Yanj iao 101601, C hi na
Abstract: T he st udy area is g eog rap hically located in th e nor t hern s ide of X ar M o ro n Riv er sut ur e belt in th e ea st ern Inner M on
g ol ia and t h e south ern Da H inggan M ount ains and tectonically betw een the SonidzuoqiXilinh ots o uth ern Xi U jim qin s ut u re b el t
and Xar M oro n River s utu r e b elt . Its a key area for t he stu dy on t he co llision pr ocess b etw een t he no rth ern m ar gi n of N or t h
China P late and t he b locks t o th e n or t h. T he det rit al zircon s fr om P er mian s andst on es in H exig t en Bann er ( K e qi f o r s ho rt) an d
Linx i ar eas in t he n or th ern side o f X ar M o ro n R iver sut ure b elt hav e be en dat ed by LAICPM S UPb m et ho d. T he dati ng re
su lts s u gg est t hat the previ ou s M idPe r mian ZhesiFm. i s prob ab ly a Late Per m ian or ev en Early T ri assic sedimentary se
quen ce. T h e p ro ven ance of t he P erm ian s edimen ts in Ke qi an d L inx i ar eas i s m ainly f rom S o nidzu oqiXilinho ts ourthern Xi
U jimqin magm a ar c in the nort h , and partly f rom th e nor t hern mar gin of No rth China Pl at e. It i s indicated that t he co llision be
tw een t he nor thern m arg in of N or t h China P late and the block s to the n ort h h ad st ar ted in Late Perm ian during the L inx i Fm.
地球科学  中国地质大学学报 36
depos iti ng, t he Per m ian sed iment spr oven an ce in L in x i and Keq i ar ea s mix ed th ose f ro m th e no rth a nd s o uth, and t he fi nal clo
su re t im e w as abo ut 2 50 M a.
Key words: s ut ur e be lt; sand st on es ; zircon s ; g eoch ron o logy; tect onics .
对于华北板块与西伯利亚板块之间的碰撞拼贴
过程及其夹持区域属性的研究,可以追溯到 20 世纪
中期.汲清先生依据槽台学说的稳定和活动两种
地构造单的比较大地构造学思想,将华北板块
与西伯利亚板块两个稳定块体夹持的广大区域界定
为地槽褶皱带,东北地区划归于东亚海西地槽褶
皱带,并命名为兴蒙海槽( H u ang , 19 45; 黄汲清和
姜春发, 1962; 黄汲清等, 1977, 1 980) . 20 80
代以来,板块构造理论引入我国,众多大地构造学家
原来的槽理论进行了重新认识,认为西伯利亚
块与华北块、塔里木板块之间的弧形区域应属
造山带范畴,并将其命名为亚造山带,对处于该
造山带东段的东北地区,先后提出存在微板块
或地块、多条缝合带多岛洋(春昱等, 1982;
贻侠等, 1998; 李双林和欧阳自远, 1998; 任纪舜,
1999) 黑龙江中、板块群(生等, 1998; 谢鸣
, 2000 ) 满 洲 地 块( Sengr and Natalin,
1研究区大地构造背景(Jian e t a l . , 2008, 修改)
Fig . 1 Sket ch ma p of the g eology of r esearch f ield
1996) -蒙地块(王成文等, 2008) , 以及众多
板块或地块不断拼合的观点( L i, 1987;
, 2001; 彭玉鲸, 2002; Xiao e t al. , 2003;
轶等, 2007; Miao et al . , 2007b , 2008; Jian et al . ,
2008; Chen et al. , 2009) . 对于各微板块或地块以
及它们之间缝合带的位置、名字,不同学者有不同的
认识.目前,对于西伯利亚板块东段碰撞闭合的最终
缝合线为蒙古-霍茨克缝合带,闭合时间为晚侏
-早白垩世的观点已达成共识(赵越等, 1994;
梅生等, 1998; van der V oo et al . , 1999) ; 于华北
板块北缘与其北侧地块的碰撞拼贴的演化过程及最
终的闭合时间和位置,由于其间存在多条断续出露
的不同时代的蛇绿岩带、压变质岩带(蓝片岩)
造杂岩带、浆岩带,,还夹杂着性质不明的肢
解的古老岩块(1) , 使这一问题变得更为复杂.
过对前人关于华北板块北缘与其北侧地块碰撞拼合
过程研究现状的总结(玉净和樊志勇, 1997; C hen
et al . , 2000, 2009; 陈斌等, 2001; 张艳斌等, 2002 a,
2002b; 孙德有等, 2004; 郗爱华等, 2006; Wu et al . ,
2007) , 可以将华板块北缘以北地区依据出露的蛇
绿岩划分出 4条缝合带:根山缝合带、尼特左旗
-锡林浩特缝合带索伦-林西缝合带以及温都尔
-西拉木伦河缝合(1 ) ( Jian et al . , 2008) .
688
4韩国卿等:西拉木伦河缝合带北侧二叠纪砂岩碎屑锆石 L AICPM S UPb 年代学及其构造意义
新的年代学研究表明,这些缝合带标志体 
绿岩的形成时代多集中在晚石炭世-早、二叠
( M iao et al . , 2007b, 2008) : 如贺根山蛇绿岩年龄
~ 295 Ma, 交其尔蛇绿岩年龄为 343 7 M a, 温都
尔庙蛇绿岩年龄为 26 0 12 M a, 半拉山蛇绿岩年龄
256 M a. 此外,西拉木伦河北部杏树洼蛇绿岩带
硅质岩中放射虫的时代为二叠(净和樊志勇,
1997) ; 尼特左旗碰撞相关的岩浆岩指示华北板块
其北侧南蒙古微地块闭合时间在 296~ 234 Ma
( Chen et al . , 2009) ; 西拉木伦河沿岸双井地区同
碰撞花岗岩体侵位时间主要集中在晚二叠纪-早三
叠纪(李锦轶等, 2007) ; 西拉木伦河缝合带东段吉中
区同碰撞岗岩、碰撞相关的变质事件的年龄也
主要中在二叠纪末-三叠世(张艳斌等, 2002a,
2002b; 孙德有等, 2004; 郗爱华, 200 6; Wu et al . ,
2007) , ,二叠纪是华北板块北缘与其北侧地块
撞拼贴演的关键时期,但对于二者之间具体演
化过程和模式,不同学者对它们的认识有所不同.
对这一问题,本文从碎屑锆石年代学的角度,西拉
木伦河缝合带与苏尼特左旗-锡林浩特缝合带之间
的克旗以及林西地区二叠纪碎屑岩进行碎屑锆石年
代学研究,对华北板块北缘与其北侧地块的碰撞
拼贴过程、最终的闭合时间等问题进行探讨.
1地质概况与样品采集
研究(克旗地区和林西地区)位于内蒙古自治
区东部草原区,即大兴安岭南段西拉木伦河的北岸;
行政划归属于赤峰市.该区出露最老的地层Pt1
宝音,原岩为基性火山岩,代约 2 500 M a( 张玉
清和宏伟, 2002) , 但现今诸多学认为其可能为一
套晚生代早期的前弧沉积( Shi et al . , 2003; Chen
et al. , 2009) ; 沿西拉木伦河缝合带出露有少量的
S3D1西别河组地层;究区北部出露少量的石炭纪
辉长和本巴图组地层;本区主要出露上古生界二叠
系地和中生代侏罗系、白垩系火山碎屑岩火山熔
,二叠系地层整体呈宽缓褶皱出露,褶皱轴向
NE ,详细岩性特征见表 1; ,时代的
花岗花岗闪长岩、石英闪长发育,其是中生代
岩浆件最为显著(2) .
克旗 地 区 二叠 纪 哲 斯组 砂岩 样 品 (样 号:
212K Q1; 采样点 GPS 读数: 4 31353. 0N, 11714
05. 2E) 位于克什克腾旗西侧,西拉木伦河北岸(
2) . 前人在 120 万地质图上把该二叠系地层定名
为于家北沟组,根据地层重新清理编制的全国 1
50 万数字地质图本文把其定为哲斯组.邵济安等
( 2007) 认为二组时代相当,期异相沉积,在岩石
组合和动植物化石组合等方面均有差,并以西
木伦河为界,南侧定为于家北沟组,侧定为哲斯
.通过野外地质考,确定其为一套灰色砂岩
砂岩、暗色泥岩互层,且含有植物碎片.砂岩骨架成
分统计采用 D ickinson and Suczek ( 1979 )
( Dickinson et al . , 1983) , 对粒度介于 0. 063 ~
2. 000 mm 的矿物颗粒进行统计,计颗粒数均大于
300, 详细的统计结果已另文发表.克旗地区样品矿
物组成以石英为主( 57% ) , 其中石英含量包括多晶
1克旗和林西地区二叠系地层(据邵济安等, 2007, 略有修改)
T ab le 1 T h e Per mian st rata in K eqi and Linx i ar eas
地层时代 组 岩性特征及上下地层间关系
P3林西组
分布广泛,岩性较单一,主要由黑色板岩、粉砂质板 岩、粉砂岩、砂岩组成,植物和淡水双壳
类化石,上限不清,下部与早二叠统为整合或平行不整合接触关系,出露厚度一 般为 2 699 m;
在区域上由若干沉积盆地组成,横向上各盆地由西向东碎屑岩粒度变细,向上由下 向上碎
屑粒度变细;该组湖相和深湖相沉积所含动、植物化石的时代为晚二叠世,植物化石为安哥拉
植物群
P2哲斯组
原称黄岗梁组、西乌旗组,下部为黄绿色砂砾岩、灰色生物碎屑岩和硅质岩,含大量早二叠世
中晚期的腕足类、珊瑚和少量苔藓虫,;上部为灰色块状炭质粉砂岩、板岩,夹灰岩透镜
,海相化石以腕足类为主,菊石等次之,并有大量植物化石, 2 238 m; 其上与林西组连
续沉积,其下与大石寨组为角度不整合关系
P1大石寨组
分布广泛,为浅海-滨海相的细碧岩、角斑岩及凝灰 岩组合, 正常碎屑岩,含早二叠世早期
的腕足、珊瑚、苔藓等化石,2 680 m; 该组地层呈北东向展布,可分为北(西乌旗经罕乌拉到
霍林河市南都)(哈尔呼舒到大石寨)(巴林 右旗到科尔沁右翼中旗) 3 ; 为一
套滨海相砂、板岩组合,下限不清,部分学者称其为青风山组.在巴林左旗碧流台、科尔沁右翼
中旗等地该碎屑岩出露较好
689
地球科学  中国地质大学学报 36
2克旗和林西地区
F ig. 2 Geo log y ma p o f Li nxi an d K eqi ar eas
1. 下元古界宝音图群; 2. 中二叠统哲斯组; 3. 下泥盆统西别河组; 4. 中二叠统于家北沟组; 5. 石炭系辉长岩; 6. 上二叠统林西组; 7. 石炭统本
巴图组; 8. 二叠纪花岗岩组合; 9. 下二叠统大石寨组; 10. 三叠纪花岗岩; 11. 下二叠统额里图; 12. 后三叠纪地层; 13. 水体; 14. ; 15.
性断裂; 16. 压性断裂; 17. 性质不明断裂; 18. 推测断裂; 19. 采样位置点
石英,其次是岩屑( 1 9% ) 长石( 7% ) , 中岩屑以火
山岩岩屑为主,少量沉积岩、变质岩岩屑,长石以斜
长石为主,岩石定名为长石岩屑砂岩;磨圆为次棱角
状、圆状,分选程度中等,现为近源特征.
西地区林西组砂岩样品(: 227LX1;
样点 GPS 读数: 433231. 1N, 1180321. 9E)
林西县南(2) , 前人在 120 万地质图上把该地
层定名为林西,与最新编制的全国 150 万数字
地质图一致.经野外地质考察,确定其为一套暗色
泥、,夹少薄层粉砂岩、砂岩.林西地区砂岩骨
架成分统计方法同上,物组成以石英为主( 46% ) ,
其次是岩屑( 26% ) 长石( 17% ) 白云母,其中
岩屑以火山岩岩屑,少量沉积岩、变质岩岩,
长石以斜长石为主,定名为长石岩屑砂岩;磨圆为次
棱角状、圆状为主,少数为圆状,分选程度较好,
能反映近源、源混合特征.
2样品测试
本文测年锆石的分选在河北廊坊地质调查院完
,碎屑锆石 UPb 定年工作在西北大学大陆动力
学国家重点实验室完成.将人工重砂分离出的锆石
颗粒用环氧树脂固定并抛光,使颗粒露出核部.
定之前,用体积分数为 3% H N O 3样品表面,
以除去表面的污渍;后进行透射光和反射光照相,
并在英国 Gatan 公司生产M o no CL 3+ 阴极发光
装置系统上进行阴极发光( CL ) 照相.锆石定年工作
所用 ICPM S A gilient 公司最新一代带有
Shield T orch A g ilient 7500a. 采用的激光剥蚀系
统为德国 M icroL as 公司生产的 G eoL as200M . 该系
统由德国 L am bda Ph ys ik 公司的 Co mPe x 102 Ex ci
mer 激光器(工作物质 A rF , 波长 193 nm) M icro
Las 公司的光学系统组成.锆石 UPb 定年及微量元
素分ICPM S 使 系统,
品进行一次性剥蚀完,ICPM S 集的
信号 , Y uan e t al . ( 2008)
Diw u et al . ( 2008 ) . 激光剥蚀以氦气作为剥蚀
物质的载气,直径 4 4 m , 率为 1 0 H z ,
激光能量为 0. 09 J , 个分析点的气体背景采集
时间 3 0 s , 时间 4 0 s .
用国际标准程Isoplot ( ver 3. 2 3 ) ,
图所采用的207 P b/ 235 U比值与206 P b/ 236 U
690
4韩国卿等:西拉木伦河缝合带北侧二叠纪砂岩碎屑锆石 L AICPM S UPb 年代学及其构造意义
的误差相关系数为 0. 65.
被测锆石的数量优选是利用碎屑锆石研究地质
事件的关键,Dodson et al . ( 1988) 的建议,
某一类锆石占锆石总量的 5% , 那么随机地分析
60 粒锆石,找到它们的几率应有 95 % . , V er
m eesch ( 2004) Dod son 的计算可能有误,从而
提出至少需要分析 11 7 粒锆石才能满足统计学的要
. Anderson( 2005) 认为 V ermeesch ( 2004) 计算的
假设前提可能过于理想化,实际工作中,可以将碎
锆石进行机分析和非随机分析,对于随机分析
需要 35~ 70 或更多的锆石,然后选择性地对感
趣的锆石进行微量元素分析以UPbH f .
次测试研究以 An derson( 2005) 的建议为基本准则.
古老锆石( > 1 000 M a ) 存在着一定程度的铅
丢失.而且207 P b 206 Pb 在相同的初始条件和共同
地质构造境中具有同步变化的特征,两者保持
相对稳定的比值.因此采用207 Pb/ 206 Pb 年龄来代表
石的成岩龄更为可靠( Blank et al . , 2003) .
,结 合206 P b/ 238 U来计算碎屑锆石的谐和性,
2 06 Pb/ 238 U对于207 Pb / 206 Pb 偏差 (或小于)
10% 锆石粒在同位素数据表中已明确标出(
2) . 另外,研究表明,如果普通铅的含量占锆石铅含
量的 1% , 会带来很大的误差,207 Pb/ 206 Pb
真实年龄值相差数百万年( An dersen, 2002) .
使进行普通 P b ,又往往具有很大的不确定性
和条件限制,故在此研究中剔除了含普通铅较高的
锆石年龄数据.
3分析测试结果
3. 1 克旗地区
对克旗地区哲斯组砂岩 212K Q1样品中 60
锆石进行了分.CL 像可见,部分锆石残留了
浆结晶锆原有的长柱状的晶体形态,仅少量锆
石边缘具有明显的磨圆,客观上反映了其快速沉积、
物源区较近的特点.大多数锆石不同程度地保留有
浆结晶成特征的振荡环,个别锆石边部发育
窄增生边残留的晶核结,呈现锆石在搬运沉
前经历了质事件或遭受岩浆捕获(反应多期岩
浆事)再沉积锆石的特点(3 ) . T h/ U
0. 10~ 1. 99 之间,绝大多数大于 0. 4, CL 图像分
析结果一致,说明绝大多数锆石应为岩浆结晶锆石
( H oskin and Black, 2000) . 在所分析的锆石中, 54
具有谐和-基本谐和(谐和度 E95% ) 的年龄
(4a) , 其中具谐和-本谐和同位素组成的锆石
的表面年龄频率示于5a5b. 由图 5a5b ,
旗哲斯组砂岩中的锆石年龄分布于 2 25~ 2 307 M a
之间,其中年龄249~ 355 M a( n= 39) 为最大峰
,其次分布较多的是年龄为 478~ 562 M a( n= 5) ,
均具有明显的岩浆结晶锆石特征,暗示源区经历了
两期较强的古生代岩浆事;余年(包括 67 7
8 M a( n= 1) , 819~ 976 M a( n= 7) , 1 111~ 1 175 M a
(n= 3 ) , 1 291 28 M a, 1 454 18 Ma, 1 503
18 M a, 1 949 13 M a, 2 307 42 M a) 所占比例相对
较小,多具变质锆石或岩浆捕获锆石再沉积的特征.
3. 2 西地区
对林西地区林西组砂岩 227LX1样品中 60
锆石进行了分析.CL 上可以发现,大多数锆石颗
粒表面形态呈磨圆状,212K Q1,绝大多数
锆石不同程度地保留有岩浆结晶成因特征的振荡环
;部分锆石发育特征较单一的细窄增生边,少数锆
石颗粒具有扇形分带、面状分带等变质锆石特征
( W u and Zhen, 2004) ( 3) . T h/ U 介于 0. 04~
1. 73之间,绝大多数大于 0. 4, CL 图像分析结果
一致,多数锆石应为岩浆结晶锆石( H o skin and
Black, 2000) . 在所分析的锆石中, 58 粒具有谐和-
基本谐和(谐和度 E95% ) 的年龄(4b) , 其中具
谐和-基本谐和同位素组成的锆石的表面年龄频率
直方图示于图 5 c5d. 由图 5c5d 可见,林西地区林
西组砂岩中的锆石年龄在 278~ 2 556 M a 之间,
278~ 347 Ma ( n= 9) 4 39 ~ 5 64 M a ( n= 20 )
1 730~ 1 986 M a( n= 19) 2 386~ 2 556 M a( n= 7)
主要年龄峰期,2个年龄峰期与克旗地区年龄范
围相似,也表现为岩浆结晶锆石特征;2个年龄峰
期峰值明显高于克旗地区,除了具有岩浆捕获锆石
再沉积特征外,部分锆石变质特征明显;少量锆石年
龄为 6 33 7 M a ( n= 1) 897 10 M a ( n= 1)
1 111 16 M a( n= 1) 2 1 37~ 2 194 Ma ( n= 2) , 呈现
源区经历多期岩浆事件和变质事件特征.
对比克旗地区哲斯组和林西地区林西组锆石年
龄组成,可以发现其显著不同的是林西组锆石明显
具有华北板块基底年龄信1 800 Ma 2 500 Ma
,且这些年龄的锆石磨圆明显,锆石边部信息不能
完整地保留,C L 图像和 T h/ U 上主要呈现变质
锆石特征;此外,克旗地区哲斯组锆石明显较林西地
区林西组多一期 250 M a 左右的年龄,该组年龄呈
现出较原地层时代(二叠世哲斯组)年轻的反常现
,下文将对这一时代问题进行讨论.
691
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&&E-N/C/&M C&F CIG &EC DLFE DLCCFM DLDDCF HLHHHK DLDICF DLGKKE DLDDKD CMDM C& CMDM CG CMDM CM
&&E-N/C/GD EI CCK IFI DLCG DLDHFE DLDDDM DLFHCK DLDCDC DLDIGG DLDDCD KIC CF HDM F HCF F
&&E-N/C/GC CH CK& &FE DLHG DLDH&I DLDDCD DLGEDG DLDDE& DLDHDM DLDDDF GCI &K G&D H G&D K
&&E-N/C/G& C& I& CGI DLHM DLDHFD DLDDCC DLHFCC DLDCCD DLDE&E DLDDDM KH& &G KH& E KH& H
&&E-N/C/GG GH &GK KCH DLHF DLDHF& DLDDDM DLHHMG DLDDM& DLDE&& DLDDDI KFD CI KHC F KKM H
&&E-N/C/GK CHM KC KCH DLCD DLCCHM DLDDCE HLKFCI DLDI&F DLGKCF DLDDKD CIMH CG CIMH CG CIMH CM
&&E-N/C/GH I& CKM CI& DLI& DLCCFE DLDDCI HLHG&C DLDIFK DLGKGM DLDDKD CMDF CG CMDF CG CMDH CM
&&E-N/C/GF &H KKI GEG CL&D DLDH&H DLDDDM DLGHGM DLDDFG DLDKIM DLDDDF GDH &C GDI H GDI K
&&E-N/C/GE CK &H GE DLFM DLCDED DLDDCI KLHIEF DLDEME DLGCDM DLDDGE CEKM CF CEKE CK CEKH CI
&&E-N/C/GI CI CGE &CM DLFG DLDHII DLDDCD DLHEKH DLDCDG DLDEDM DLDDDI HHM &D KFC E KK& H
&&E-N/C/GM C&H CFD KIC DLGG DLDEFF DLDDC& &LDDCI DLDG&F DLCIMH DLDD&& CCCC CF CCCF CC CCCM C&
&&E-N/C/KD CC EG CGD DLHF DLDHFG DLDDCG DLHIEG DLDCG& DLDEHF DLDDDM KFH &M KFM I KED F
&&E-N/C/KC KK MF MH CLDC DLCC&D DLDDCM HLC&CM DLDMDI DLGGCF DLDDKD CIGG CF CIKD CH CIKF CM
&&E-N/C/K& CII MM GCG DLG& DLCFID DLDD&F CCLCMCF DLCI&D DLKIGC DLDDHE &HGI CG &HGM CH &HKC &H
&&E-N/C/KG C& IM CGC DLFI DLDF&I DLDDCH DLFECG DLDCFC DLDEEF DLDDCD EDD GD H&C CD KI& F
&&E-N/C/KK CDE FE G&& DL&C DLCDHM DLDDCE KLKGCH DLDE&E DLGDGH DLDDGF CEGD CH CECI CK CEDM CI
&&E-N/C/KH &E &EC KMC DLHH DLDHMK DLDDCD DLGIEE DLDDFM DLDKEK DLDDDF HIC &D GGG H &MI G
&&E-N/C/KF && CMM &HC DLID DLDHEC DLDDCC DLHEM& DLDCC& DLDEGF DLDDDM KMF &G KFK E KHI H
&&E-N/C/KE IG FM CKE DLKE DLCHGH DLDD&H MLKIMG DLCFDK DLKKIG DLDDHG &GIF CK &GIE CF &GIE &K
&&E-N/C/KI HI IE CG& DLFF DLCCGE DLDD&D HL&KDC DLDM&I DLGGKK DLDDKD CIHM CF CIHM CH CIHM CM
&&E-N/C/KM IK KD &&H DLCI DLCCH& DLDDCM HLK&DK DLDM&C DLGKC& DLDDKD CIIG CH CIII CH CIMG CM
&&E-N/C/HD CD& FI CFE DLKC DLCHME DLDD&E CDL&CEI DLCEHC DLKFKD DLDDHH &KH& CK &KHH CF &KHE &K
&&E-N/C/HC CHM C&H &KE DLHD DLCFK& DLDD&I CDLFIGG DLCIHC DLKECI DLDDHF &HDD CK &KMF CF &KMC &H
&&E-N/C/H& CF E CIK DLDK DLDHMF DLDDCK DLEDGE DLDCKK DLDIHE DLDDCD HII HG HKC M HGD F
&&E-N/C/HG CC EG C&D DLFD DLDHIC DLDD&F DLFCKK DLD&F& DLDEFE DLDDCD HGK CDD KIF CE KEF F
&&E-N/C/HK M KD CDH DLGI DLDHME DLDDCG DLFKHM DLDCKK DLDEIH DLDDCD HM& &E HDF M KIE F
&&E-N/C/HH CCM C&G CMM DLF& DLCFFI DLDD&M CCLDDGH DLCMGE DLKEIF DLDDHE &H&H CH &H&G CF &H&C &H
&&E-N/C/HF MH CDM &GI DLKF DLCCEC DLDD&D HLHHCE DLDMMK DLGKGI DLDDKC CMCG CF CMDM CH CMDH &D
&&E-N/C/HE KF HC CCG DLKH DLCCHD DLDD&C HLGKMG DLDMME DLGGEH DLDDKC CIEM CE CIEE CF CIEH &D
&&E-N/C/HI EC EE K&C DLCI DLDEKC DLDD&D CLH&EC DLDGEE DLCKMK DLDDCI CDKH HE MKC CH IME CD
&&E-N/C/HM CI CH& GGH DLKH DLDHFD DLDDC& DLGIEC DLDDIF DLDHD& DLDDDF KHC &I GG& F GCF K
&&E-N/C/FD GD HK FCF DLDM DLDHGD DLDDCC DLGHHF DLDDEK DLDKIE DLDDDF G&I &F GDM F GDF K
%标星号&
"'的样品数据为不 和谐的数 据点L
4韩国卿等:西拉木伦河缝合带北侧二叠纪砂岩碎屑锆石 L AICPM S UPb 年代学及其构造意义
3锆石 CL 图像
Fig . 3 C L im ag es o f se lected zir cons f r om Per m ian s ands ton es
a. 克旗地区; b. 林西地区
4讨论与结论
4. 1 地层形成时代讨论
克旗地区哲斯组砂岩样品采样于西拉木伦河缝
合带,前人在 120 万地质图上把该二叠纪地
定 名 为于 家 北 沟 组,最新修订编制的全国
150 万数字地质图把其定为哲斯组,两组时代相
,均为中二叠世,就这一问,邵济安( 2007)
二者在岩石组合和动植物化石组合等方面的差
,以西拉木伦河为界,南侧定为于家北沟组,北侧
定为哲斯组.在野外地质考察过程中发现,林西组和
斯组地层有些区域其沉积特征相似,主要根据
林西组不含海相动物化石、哲斯组含有海相动物化
石来区分,克旗地区哲斯组剖面植物碎片发育,
见动物化石.碎屑锆石年龄谱显示,除了一粒明显不
谐和的 225 5 M a 的年龄(4a) , 最年轻的锆石
年龄为 249 3 M a, 并在约 250 M a 有明显的年龄
峰值,在误差范围考虑,这套斯组时代可能
并非前人所定的中二叠世,可能为一套晚二叠,
至早三叠世的沉积.,朱儒峰和郑广瑞( 1992)
和政军等( 1997) 在林西地区以北林西组之上厘定出
下三叠统幸福之路组地层,认为大兴安岭南部应该
存在三叠纪的沉积地,克旗西部哲斯组的时代
应归属于晚二叠世林西组还是一套早三叠世地层,
695
地球科学  中国地质大学学报 36
4碎屑锆石 UPb 谐和图
Fig . 4 C on cor dia plot s o f z irco ns f r om P erm ian s ands ton es
a. 克旗地区; b. 林西地区
有待进一步研.
西地区林西组样品位于林西县南,本文通过
屑锆石年代学研究表明,轻的 年龄
278 4 M a, 可以确定林西组沉积的下限,结合前人
其岩石组特征、植物化石和淡水双壳类化石的
研究成果(和政军等, 1997) , 时代基本可以确定为晚
二叠世.
4. 2 碎屑锆石的物质源区及特征
从获得的锆石年龄的峰值分布可以看出克旗地
哲斯组和林西地区林西组碎屑锆石年龄组成的
异同,表现为以下几个方面:
( 1) 克旗地区哲斯组和林西地区林西组碎屑
锆石年龄中均具有 1 800 Ma 2 500 M a 左右的峰
期年龄,其中林西地区林西组明显具有这两期年龄
峰值,旗地 哲斯组1 949 13 M a
2 307 42 M a ( 不和谐)两个年龄(5 ) ; 这两个峰
期锆石的 CL 图像特征显示,林西地区林西组以变
质锆石特征为,别锆石清楚可见其残留的核部,
但核部年龄与边部年龄也主要集中在这两个峰期年
龄附近(3) . 区域年龄资料显示这两组年龄峰期
华北北缘区有大量的报道(毛德宝等, 1999;
江海等, 2006; 刘树 , 2007a, 2007b; 永刚,
2008; 李益龙等, 2008; 波等, 2009) , 现华北板块
基底年龄组成特征.最近在东北地区也发现了
大量年龄大于 1 000 M a 的锆石:锡林郭勒杂岩的碎
屑锆石( Shi et al . , 2003; Chen et al . , 2009) (
5) 兴华渡口群变质碎屑岩碎屑锆石( M iao et al . ,
2007a) 贺 根 山 蛇绿 岩 捕获 锆( Miao et al . ,
5锆石年龄频率分布
Fig . 5 Co rr elat ion to prob abilit y d iag ram of z irco n ag es
for t he P erm ian s andst on es
a, b 为克旗地区; c, d 为林西地区; e, f 为苏尼特左旗岩浆岩和锡林
浩特杂岩;右图是左图的局部放大;数据来源于 Chen et al. ,
2000, 2009; 陈斌等, 2001; Sh i et al . , 2003; 石玉若等, 2004,
2005a, b, 2007
2007b, 2008) 双井微地块北缘混合岩锆(李益龙
, 2008) 八面通杂岩碎屑锆石(, 1995)
松辽盆地北部白垩世火山岩中捕获锆石(章凤奇
, 2008) 松辽盆地南部基底碎屑锆石和捕获锆石
(立 武 等, 2007; Pei et a l . , 2 007; 裴 福 萍,
2008) 以及岩浆锆( Wang et al . , 2006; 王兴光
696
4韩国卿等:西拉木伦河缝合带北侧二叠纪砂岩碎屑锆石 L AICPM S UPb 年代学及其构造意义
王颖, 2007) . 对于这些锆石的成因认识存分歧:
种观点认东北地区存在古老结晶基底(李锦轶
, 1995; 章凤奇等, 2008) ; 另一种观点认为这些锆
源自于周围邻区的古老克拉通地块的碎屑锆石
( Shi et al . , 2003; M iao et al . , 2007a; 李益龙等,
2008; Chen et al . , 2009) , 部分被后期岩浆事件捕
( M iao et al . , 2007b, 2008) , 而对于 1 800 M a
2 500 M a 左右锆石年龄组合,多数学者更倾向于认
其直接或间接来自华北板( Shi et al . , 2003;
Miao et al . , 2007b, 2008; Chen et a l . , 2009) .
在本研究区东北部乌兰浩特市索伦镇林西组砂岩碎
屑锆石年龄中未发现 1 800 M a 2 500 M a 左右的
峰期年龄信息(笔者未发表数据) , 故认为克旗、林西
地区二叠纪砂岩中获得的这两期年龄峰值组合的锆
,尤其是林西地区,他们的物源应该来自研究区的
南侧,即华北板块北缘地区,但也不排除有少量来自
北侧的锡林郭勒杂岩中的碎屑锆石或是晚期岩浆事
件中的捕获锆石的.林西组古水流方向也指示
其沉积晚具有多物源供给特点,具有明显的南
侧物源供给期( Qin et a l . , 2001) .
( 2) 克旗地区和林西地区二叠纪砂岩中均明显
存在约 280 M a 320 M a 的两个峰期年龄(
5) , 其锆石 CL 图像显示出岩浆锆石的振荡环带(
3) , 280 M a 左右的年龄峰值与该区域上广泛分布的
石寨组火山岩时代相当;关于 320 Ma 右的
龄峰期仅在研究区北侧苏尼特左旗宝力道岩浆弧和
西乌旗南岩弧的观点有所报道,即这两期年龄组
成与其北侧苏尼特左旗-锡林浩特-西乌旗南岩浆
组成基本一致(洪大卫等, 1994; Ch en et al . ,
2000, 2009; 陈斌等, 2001; 石玉若等, 2004, 20 05a,
2005b, 2007; 刘建峰等, 2009) ( 5) . 林西县官地镇
林西组砂岩中发育的波痕所指示的水流方向及其他
学者对林西组古水流向的研究成果也充分证实该地
区曾经有西方向 ( Q in et al . ,
2001) , 认为研究区北侧苏尼特左-浩特-
西乌旗南岩弧主要物源应由克旗、林西地区晚二
叠世沉积提供.
( 3) 克旗地区哲斯组砂岩碎屑锆石年龄谱中
存在一期约 250 M a 的峰期年龄(5) , 这一年龄与
西拉木伦河岸双井微地块北缘混合岩年龄(李益
龙等, 2008) 及西拉木伦河缝合带东段吉中地区报道
闭合时间基本一致(孙德有等, 2004; W u et al . ,
2007) , 示在西拉木伦河流域存在与板块闭合相关
的约 250 Ma 的岩浆事件,华北板块北缘与其北侧
地块闭合应该在约 250 M a, 克旗地区哲斯组
时代应与碰撞事件同期或略晚的时期.
4. 3 北板块北缘与中蒙古地块闭合过程
经前人研究表明额尔古纳地块与兴安-蒙古
494 ~ 4 80 M a 之前完成碰撞拼贴( Ge
et al. , 2005) , 320 M a 古亚洲洋洋壳向北俯冲到
中蒙古-安地块-额尔古纳地块之下,
中古亚洲洋板块断离,形成苏尼特左旗-锡林浩特
-西乌旗南火山弧花岗岩( Chen et al. , 2000,
2009; 陈斌等, 2001; 刘建峰等, 2009) , 同时在其北侧
形成了约 295 M a 贺根山蛇绿岩,标志着此时
在形成新的洋壳;中二叠世锡林浩特地区哲
斯组泥岩中发现大量放射虫化石,显示该时期本区
水体仍然较深( Sh ang , 2004) ; 着古亚洲洋洋壳向
北俯冲作用的持,导致弧-陆碰撞,280 M a
左右贺根山洋已经完全闭,以造山后 A型花岗岩
的出现为标志(洪大卫等, 1994; Shi et a l . , 2004) ,
此时,苏尼特左旗地区以南至华北板块北缘地区仍
存在残余的古亚洲洋( M iao et al . , 2007b, 2008) ,
而本文研究的林西地区晚二叠世林西组和克旗地区
哲斯组沉积应处于兴安-中蒙古地块的前弧地
,源具有南侧华北板块北缘和北侧苏尼特左旗
-锡林浩特-西乌旗南岩火山弧的混合物源特征,
并在林西组沉积时期华北板块北缘与其南侧地块已
经进入岩石圈尺度的碰撞时期,但仍在该区域存在
残留洋盆导致西拉木伦河两侧古植物群的差异(
政军等, 1997) , 250 M a 左右华北板块北缘于西
拉木伦河缝合线同其北侧地块群完成最终碰撞拼
,转入陆内演化阶段,残存少量海盆或湖盆沉积.
致谢:在样品测试过程中得到了西北大学大陆
力学重点实验室柳小明弓虎军梦宁老师,
及贺国芬同学的热情帮助,在数据处理过程中得到
吉林大学地球科学学院张彦龙赵芝博士的帮助,西
北大学大陆动力学国家重点实验室提供了开放课题
基金,在此一并表示感谢.
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... There are also differing views on the timing of the closure of the PAO. Although some studies have proposed a Middle Devonian [25,28] or Late Devonian to early Carboniferous [29,30] closure, most have argued for closure during the Guadalupian-Lopingian to Early-Middle Triassic [8,23,[31][32][33][34]. ...
... The study area is located in the Xilinhot-Songliao block of Northeast China, in Alukhorqin Banner of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (Figure 2(a)). The area includes the location of the final closure of the PAO, as represented by widely exposed late Palaeozoic strata [33,35,36,[55][56][57]. Stratigraphic units in the study area include the Cisuralian Shoushangou (P 1 ss) and Dashizhai (P 1 d) formations, the Guadalupian Zhesi Formation (P 2 z), and the Lopingian Linxi Formation (P 3 l). ...
... The lithologies are mainly intermediate-felsic volcanic rocks and pyroclastic rocks. Most previous studies of the Linxi Formation have focused on its lithological associations, palaeontology, and detrital zircon chronology [33,35,36,40]. However, there have been no reports of volcanic rock chronology, which would provide the most reliable basis for accurately constraining the age of the Linxi Formation. ...
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The tectonic evolution of the Paleo-Asian Ocean (PAO) has been well studied, including its gradual narrowing and closure by subduction. However, aspects of the tectonic evolution of the oceanic domain remain unclear, including the exact timing and nature of the closure. The Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) was formed by the closure of the PAO and, therefore, contains information about the tectonic evolution of the oceanic domain. Here, we report a study of the petrology, geochronology, and geochemistry of the Taohaiyingzi section of the Permian Linxi Formation in Alukhorqin Banner (Northeast China) in the central part of the CAOB. A newly discovered andesitic tuff from the lower part of the Linxi Formation yields a weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 262.2 ± 1.1 Ma (n = 87), indicating that the lower part of the Linxi Formation of the Taohaiyingzi section was deposited during the late Guadalupian. Provenance weathering indicators show that the sedimentary rocks of the Linxi Formation are of low maturity. Element geochemical characteristics indicate that the Linxi Formation clastic rocks were derived from eroded magmatic rocks that formed in a continental arc setting and were deposited close to the arc in a continental arc basin environment. The active margin setting was generated by the subduction of the paleo-Asian oceanic plate beneath the Xilinhot–Songliao block. The inferred palaeosalinity of the sedimentary environment changed gradually from brackish to fresh water, suggesting the end of oceanic plate subduction during the late Guadalupian, and the closure of the PAO during or after the Lopingian.
... Most scholars consider the Solonker-Xar Moron-Changchun-Yanji line as the suture zone [14][15][16][17][18], while others argue for the He'genshan-Heihe fault zone [19][20][21][22]. There are also differing views on the final closure time of the Paleo-Asian Ocean, ranging from the Middle Devonian [20,23,24] to the Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous [25][26][27], with most scholars leaning towards the Middle-Late Permian to Early-Middle Triassic [11,15,[28][29][30][31][32]. ...
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The Permian to Triassic period represents a pivotal phase in the evolution of the Paleo-Asian Ocean, marked by significant tectonic transitions from subduction, collision, and post-orogenic extension. The timing of closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean in northeastern China has always been controversial. In this contribution, the petrology, zircon U-Pb geochronology and geochemistry are conducted on granite found in well HFD1, Songliao Basin, eastern part of Central Asian orogenic belt. Zircon U-Pb dating indicates that granite crystallized at 258.9 ± 2.2 Ma, as the product of magmatism occurred in the early Late Permian. The rocks have high SiO2, Al2O3, Na2O content, negative Eu anomaly, light enrichment of rare-earth elements, depletion of heavy rare-earth elements, high Sr (448.29–533.11 ppm, average 499.68 ppm), low Yb (0.49–0.59 ppm, average 0.54 ppm), Y (4.23–5.19 ppm, average 4.49 ppm), and high Sr/Y ratios (98–125, average 112) and can be classified as O-type adakite. This is the first discovery of late Paleozoic adakite in the Songliao Basin and the neighboring areas. The geochemistry of adakite indicates derivation by partial melting of MORB-type subducted oceanic crust, indicating that the subduction of the Paleo-Asian Oceanic lithosphere lasted until at least 258.9 Ma.
... However, the date at when the PAO finally closed in northeast China is still debated (e.g., Nozaka and Liu, 2002;Wu et al., 2004;Li et al., 2007). One school of idea proposed that it closed in the Middle Devonian (Tang, 1990;Xu et al., 2014), whereas another group suggested that the timing was during the Late Devonian-early Carboniferous (Shao, 1991;Hong et al., 1995;Wu et al., 2020); however, other researchers agreed that it closed during the middle-late Permian to Early-Middle Triassic (Wu et al., 2001(Wu et al., , 2004Xiao et al., 2003Xiao et al., , 2015Li et al., 2007Li et al., , 2012Han et al., 2011;Cong et al., 2016;Liu et al., 2017Liu et al., , 2021Liu et al., , 2022. Previous studies on the PAO closure have primarily relied on magmatic and volcanic rocks, paleontology, and paleomagnetism. ...
... The porosity values of the two samples were 1.59 and 1.61%, respectively, and the permeability values were 0.0033 × 10 −3 and 0.0237 × 10 −3 μm 2 , respectively. 1,47,48 The closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean is thought to have occurred from the west to east in a scissor-like manner. 49,50 However, the timing of the closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean remains debated. ...
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Eastern Inner Mongolia of China is located between the Siberian plate, the North China plate, and the Pacific plate and has a complex history of tectonic and sedimentary evolution. The sedimentary strata of the Zhesi Formation in the Middle Permian recorded rich environmental, structural, and petroleum geological information, which has great significance to the Paleozoic geological research in Northeast China. Through field outcrop observation and profile measurement, combined with geochemistry, mineralogy, and the reservoir physical property test, the sedimentary environment, tectonic setting, and shale gas resource potential of the Middle Permian Zhesi Formation are analyzed. The sedimentary facies of the Zhesi Formation are distributed in strips in the northeast direction, mainly developing littoral, shallow marine, and bathyal sedimentary environments. Clastic rock deposits are mainly developed in the littoral facies, carbonate platform and tempestite deposits are mainly developed in the shallow marine facies, and mudstone mixed with turbidite deposits are mainly developed in the bathyal facies. The sedimentary environment and chronological characteristics show that the Paleo-Asian Ocean was not completely closed in the Middle Permian, and its complete closure time should be later. The characteristics of source rocks and the shale gas resource potential in the Solon area are discussed. Controlled by the sedimentary environment, the Solon area mainly deposited thick dark shale mixed with turbidite sandstone, the accumulated thickness of the dark shale is more than 200 m, with an average vitrinite reflectance (Ro) of 2.44%, and the average residual total organic carbon (TOC) content is 0.85%. The average content of brittle minerals is 60.2% and the shale foliation fracture is developed, which is easy to form natural fractures and induced fractures, so the shale has good hydrocarbon generation potential, and the generated shale gas can exist in shale in an adsorbed state and a free state. In addition, the shale gas generated in the shale can migrate to the lenticular turbidite sand body in a short distance to form free shale gas. Therefore, there is a certain shale gas resource potential in the Solon area, and finding a favorable area with high TOC is the key to future exploration of Upper Paleozoic shale gas.
Article
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The eastern segment of Central Asian Orogenic Belt underwent not only a long evolution history related to the Paleo-Asian Ocean during Paleozoic but also the tectonic overprinting by the westward subduction of Paleo-Pacific Ocean crust during Mesozoic. When the subduction of Paleo-Pacific Ocean crust started has been long debated issue for understanding the tectonic evolution of the eastern Asian continental margin. The eastern margin of the Jimusi Block (Wandashan Terrane) preserved complete records for the accretionary process of the westward subduction of Paleo-Pacific Ocean crust. Comprising the Yuejinshan Complex and Raohe Accretionary Complex (RAC), the Wandashan Terrane is located in the eastern margin of Jiamusi Block, NE China, and is considered to be an accretionary wedge of the westward subducting oceanic crust. To reconstruct the marginal accretion processes of the Jiamusi Block, the structural deformation of the Wandashan Terrane was investigated in the field and the geochronology of the Dalingqiao and Yongfuqiao formations were studied, which were formed syn-and-post RAC accretion respectively. The Yuejinshan and Raohe complexes were discontinuously accreted to the eastern margin of the Jiamusi Block. Contrary to the previous consideration of the Late Triassic to Early Jurassic, this study suggests that the Yuejianshan Complex in southwest Wandashan Terrane probably accreted from Late Carboniferous to Middle Permian, which was driven by unknown oceanic crust subduction existing to the east (present position) of the Jiamusi Block at that time. The siltstones of the Dalingqiao Fm. yield the youngest zircon U-Pb age of 142 ± 2 Ma, indicating the emplacement of the RAC not earlier than the Late Jurassic. Thus, the RAC might start to accrete from the Jurassic and emplace during 142e131 Ma, resulted from the Paleo-Pacific subduction which started from the Late Triassic to Early Jurassic.
Article
The Linxi Formation is widely deposited in eastern Inner Mongolia (NE China), especially along northern parts of the Solonker-Xar Moron Suture (SXMS) in the eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt, yet its depositional age and provenance remain ambiguous. We studied the petrography, geochronology, and Hf isotopes of two sandstone samples from this formation, and estimated the depositional age and the provenance of the Linxi Formation, and further constrained the evolution of the Paleo-Asian Ocean (PAO). Based on detailed field observations and measurements, we. Zircons from rocks of the Linxi Formation are mainly composed of detrital zircons of magmatic origin. The determined ages of detrital zircons range from 233 ± 2 Ma to 1365 ± 14 Ma, and indicate that the provenance of the Linxi Formation experienced at least four tectonic-thermal events between 1365 and 233 Ma: Neoproterozoic (ca. 1365–543 Ma), Early Palaeozoic (ca. 512–426 Ma), Late Palaeozoic (ca. 418–251 Ma), and Early Mesozoic (ca. 249–233 Ma). The youngest detrital zircon, with a U-Pb age of 233 ± 2 Ma, defines the maximum depositional age of the Linxi Formation. The εHf (t) values of dated zircons from the sandstone samples have a large range (−7.8–15.0). The four dominant age groups and the range in εHf (t) values are widely found in the Xing’an Block and Songnen-Zhangguangcai Range, which imply that the source of the Linxi Formation had an affinity with northeastern China. These data together with previous geochronological data (from west to east along the SXMS) on the crystallization and depositional ages of detrital zircon suggest that the Linxi Formation was deposited in different tectonic settings: convergent, collisional, and extensional. This study provides further evidence and constraints for the non-synchronous closure of the PAO.
Article
The strata of the Linxi Formation (LXF) occupy an extensive area of eastern Inner Mongolia, NE China and have close spatial and genetic relationships with important Mesozoic Sn–Cu–Pb–Zn–Ag veins and porphyry polymetallic deposits (ores). The rock types of the LXF include sandstone, siltstone and shale. Major and trace element (including rare earth element) data for rocks from the LXF in the Hanmiao area indicate that these rocks have a greywacke protolith derived from intermediate to acidic arc igneous rocks and were deposited during intensive tectonic activity. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry U–Pb dating of detrital zircons from sandstones in the LXF yields ages of 985 ± 10 to 242 ± 2 Ma. The youngest population of ages shows a peak at c. 258 Ma, suggesting that the main period of deposition of the LXF was in the late Permian. These ages, together with the youngest zircon age ( c. 242 Ma), suggest that the deposition of the LXF mainly occurred during the late Permian and extended to the early Triassic. According to the results of the analysis of 44 sandstone and siltstone samples, ore elements (e.g. W, Sn, Ag and Mo) are significantly enriched in the LXF in this region. Combined with the fact that increasing numbers of polymetallic deposits have been discovered within the LXF strata in the southern Great Xing'an Range, we conclude that the strata of the LXF may be the source bed of the ore and there is potential for ore prospecting in the polymetallic deposits of the LXF in the Great Xing'an Range.
Article
The timing of closure of the paleo-Asian Ocean in northeastern China remains contentious. To investigate this problem and better constrain the final closure time of the paleo-Asian Ocean, we report the geochemical characteristics, zircon U-Pb chronology, and Hf isotopes of the Yangjin’gou granite porphyry in the Hunchun region in the easternmost segment of the Solonker- Xar Moron-Changchun-Yanji Suture (SXCYS). The zircon U-Pb age of the Yangjin’gou granite porphyry is 247.1 ± 1.5 Ma (mean square weighted deviation = 0.7). Initial εHf(t) values are high and positive, ranging from +11.2 to +13.3 with an average of +12.7, and the two-stage Hf isotope model age TDM2 is 520–350 Ma. The geochemical characteristics of the granite porphyry indicate that the rocks belong to the calc-alkaline series and are rich in Si, alkali, and Al, and poor in Ca. These rocks also have a rare-earth element distribution pattern that is smooth and inclined down to the right in spider diagrams, weak negative to positive Eu anomalies (Eu/ Eu* = 0.83–1.01), moderate enrichment of large-ion lithophile elements (e.g., Cs, Ba, Rb, and K) and radioactive incompatible elements (e.g., Th and U), and depletion in high field strength elements (e.g., Ti, Nb, and Ta). The geochemical and isotope data of the rocks indicate that the Yangjin’gou granite porphyry is a high-Ba-Sr granite and that the primitive magma of the Yangjin’gou rocks originated from the partial melting of juvenile crust. Given the location of the Yangjin’gou granite prophyry in the Hunchun region in the easternmost segment of the SXCYS, these rocks are inferred to have formed in a tectonic setting that changed from continental collision to post-collision extension at ~247 Ma, clearly later than the middle Permian closure time of the paleo-Asian Ocean along the middle segment of the North China Craton. The age of ~247 Ma, or a little earlier, represents the closure time of the paleo-Asian Ocean in the easternmost segment of the SXCYS.
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The Late Palaeozoic Solonker‐Xar Moron‐Changchun‐Yanji Suture (SXCYS) is considered to mark the location of the final closure of the Paleo‐Asian Ocean, which separated the North China Craton to the south and the amalgamated blocks to the north in Northeast China. There has always been controversy about its eastern extension in Northeast China and the final closure time of the Paleo‐Asian Ocean. To explore this issue, we collected gabbro and quartz‐diorite samples in the Hunchun area for the genesis of mafic magma and age dating, and five groups of Permian to Triassic sandstones belonging to both sides of the potential suture locations in the middle and east Jilin Province for the provenance analysis to discuss the final closure time of the Paleo‐Asian Ocean and the possible positions of the eastward termination of the SXCYS. The gabbro reveals a Middle Permian concordia average age of 266.9 ± 5.2 Ma, and the quartz diorite reveals a Late Permian Concordia average age of 258.8 ± 4.8 Ma. Lithological and geochemical analysis reveal the two rock samples belong to low‐K arc tholeiites from the oceanic island and calk‐alkaline volcanics from the active continental margin, respectively, which implies that during the middle to late Permian, the SW margin of the Jiamusi–Khanka Block (JB) continuously experienced the subduction process from the Paleo‐Asian Ocean Plate. The final closure time of the Paleo‐Asian Ocean should be later than the Late Permian. Meanwhile, four groups of sandstone from the east Jilin reveal typically Jiamusi–Mongolia Block (JMB) provenance features, with age components of ~500 Ma, ~0.9–1.5 Ga implying that the Wangqing, Hunchun, Kaishantun area belongs to the northern part of the SXCYS from late Early Permian to Middle Triassic, with youngest age components of 288.2 ± 2.8, 275.5 ± 1.8, 250 ± 1.7, and 244.9 ± 1.7 Ma, respectively. The late Early Permian sandstone from the middle Jilin reveals the youngest age component of 273.8 ± 3.4 Ma and the age component of 487 ± 3 Ma also revealing JMB feature. Comparing to previous studies, we propose that the Paleo‐Asian Ocean finally closed during Middle to Late Triassic. A possible ENE fault separates the eastern extension of SXCYS into two parts, which means the possible position of the eastward extension of the SXCYS should go along the Wangqing‐Kaishantun with NNW direction in the west, Hunchun‐Laoheishan with NW direction in the east.
Article
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Longhua S-type granites, located in the middle segment of the northern margin of the North China Craton(NCC), consist of garnet biotite granite, garnet granite and gneissic biotite granite. The garnet biotite granite (the major lithology) displays SiO2 concentration of 64.09% -69.6%, Al2O3 concentration of 14.6% -16.13%, K2O/Na2O > 1.0, A/CNK > 1.0, and Mg* of 20.76 ∼34.89. The trace elements spidergram shows obvious negative anomalies of Nb, Ta, P, Ti and Sr and enrichment of K, Rb and Th. The garnet biotite granite (Sample JB6031-1) is dated using EMPA U-Th-Pb dating of monazite, and the monazite ages display three peaks of 2553 ± 120Ma, 2180 ± 42Ma and 1854 ± 24Ma. The 6 analytical spots at the inner zone of a monazite grain yield a peak age of 2553 of 120Ma which is similar to the LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb isotopic age of 2506 ± 7Ma and 2541 ± 8Ma (inherited zircon ages we recently acquired), so we interpret this age as the age of an inherited monazite, revealing that an Archean block exists to the north of Chicheng-Longhua Fault in the northern margin of the NCC and the S-type granites could be derived from partial melting of the lithological assemblage of the Archean block during the late tectonic-thermal event. The 10 analytical spots at the main mantle zone of the monazite grain yield the second peak age of 2180 ± 42Ma, which is the most modal of analyses, so that we suggest that the peak age define crystallization age of the granites, reflecting the displacement times of these granites. The 8 analytical spots at the outer zone of the monazite grain yield a peak age of 1854 ± 24Ma, which is analogical to the metamorphic ages in the Trans-North China Belt, so that we define the age of 1854 ± 24Ma as metamorphic age of the granites, revealing that the tectonic evolution of the northern margin of the NCC is closely related to the Trans-North China Belt.
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It has been thought that the "Caledonian" granitic intrusions were widely distributed in the intersection of northern marginal of the North China Craton and the Xing'an-Mongolian orogenic belt, with the Huangniling granite as the most typical one. Single grain zircon U-Pb ages of three samples from this pluton, however, are 168±3 Ma, 153±2 Ma and 158±3 Ma respectively, suggesting that this pluton was emplaced during Middle-Late Jurassic, not in Early Paleozoic as previously thought. Combining with the zircon SHRIMP U-Pb age of 166±2 Ma, it is proposed that the Huangniling pluton was formed during 150-170 Ma ago by at least two pluses of magmatic activities. Therefore, the Mesozoic age of the Huangniling requires that the traditional model about the collision among the North China Craton, Jiamusi and Xingkai Massifs should be re-evaluated.
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A kyanite schist belt containing phengite is found in metamorphic rocks of the Hulan Group in the Hongqiling area of south-central Jilin, tectonically in the eastern segment of the Central Asia-Mongolia orogenic belt. Plateau ages of 223.57±0.8 and 224.41±4.0 Ma and isochron ages of 221.9±2.79 Ma and 223.27±4.53 Ma of micas in biotite gneiss of the Lower Member and phengite in kyanite schist of the Upper Member of the Hulan Group are obtained by the continuous stepwise 40Ar-39Ar heating method. The same method also gives discordant plateau ages of 302±6.3 and 246.00±5.70 Ma for hornblende peridotites of island-arc tholeiite type intruded into the Hulan Group. These ages thus confine the time limits of the closing of the Paleo-Asian-Mongolian ocean and Mesozoic collisional orogeny to at least 302-225 Ma and suggest that the area probably underwent a continuous process from continent-continent collisional orogeny to overlapping.