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Quantitative analysis of stress and cholesterol levels in university teachers and housewives in Hyderabad, Pakistan

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... In stress conditions the requirements of nutrients are increased. Under severe physical stress, such as burns, trauma fever or surgeries, the requirement of calories is increased by 50% or more (Emma et al., 1997; Wattoo et al., 2007). In response to stressors, the hypothalamus signals the release of the catabolic hormones, glucocorticoids, catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine) and glucagon. ...
... Serotonin inhibits stress, eating by controlling the alarm hormone serotonin and can be increased choosing tryptophan rich food. Protein supplies the body with the important amino acids needed for mental health (Emma et al., 1997; Wattoo et al., 2007). ...
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Stress has many biological effects on human daily life. In the present study, dietary protein intake was correlated with the investigated stress levels of nurses and housewives of the targeted urban population. Age group ranged from 30 to 45 years and both the groups belonged to middle socioeconomic status. After calculations of environmental, psychological and physiological stresses, it was observed that the levels of stress in housewives were significantly higher than those of nurses. Recommended dietary allowances, RDA and actual protein intakes, API were also compared in both the groups. The found protein intake was less in housewives as compared to that of nurses.
... In response to stress, the hypothalamus signals the secretion of catabolic hormones, glucocorticoids, catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine) and glucagon. These hormones cause increased protein catabolism, resulting in the loss of fat and lean body tissues [44]. In a study, it was reported that the stress levels of housewives were significantly higher than nurses. ...
... In addition, the increased levels of cholesterol in housewives were considered to be in association with physical inactivity and lack of knowledge about their foods. (12) A similar study conducted among college teachers, lady health visitors and housewives of Hyderabad-Pakistan to examine the Estimation and correlation of stress and cholesterol levels revealed that housewives had high levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride (TG)and low levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were found in college teachers. Environmental, psychological and physiological stresses were significantly higher in housewives as compared to college teachers. ...
Article
Objective: To investigate whether the working or the non-working group of individuals have higher blood cholesterol as a result of an unhealthy dietary lifestyle. Design and Methods: In 1000 adults (240 males and 760 females) aged 18-75 years were randomly selected for this study, and all subjects would have visited the WDRH. The total cholesterol levels were measured using a ChemWell chemistry analyzer and the eating habits were assessed by self-administered questionnaires. Results: The results indicated that 64% of the working as compared to 69% non-working respondents was hypercholesterolemic. The non-working respondents (26%) snacked more for 5 times or more a week and consumed higher amounts of high dietary animal fats and proteins daily (21%). However, more working respondents ate out (10% for breakfast 5-6 times a week, 33% for lunch and 13% for dinner once a week), skipped meals (for breakfast 13% and lunch 5%) and were also greatly affected. Further, the working respondents also consumed more alcohol frequently (16%), increasing the anti-atherogenic effects and they were also more fairly knowledgeable (51%) about hypercholesterolemia. Conclusion: The non-working respondents had higher levels of total cholesterol than the working respondents. Hypercholesterolemia in both the working and non-working respondents was favorably associated with eating habits and partially knowledge of respondents. There should be further research to assess the dietary lifestyle risk factors associated with this condition.
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