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In-Vitro antibacterial activity of Aloe Barbadensis Miller (Aloe Vera)
... Isolates of Escherichia coli treated with 100 mg/ml concentration of Aloe vera gel extract caused the highest overall inhibition zone than those treated with 50 mg/ml and 200 mg/ml of Aloe vera gel extract. Irshad et al. (2011) reported that Aloe vera extract produced an average inhibition zone of 2 mm against Escherichia coli. Ferro et al. (2003) found an inhibition zone of 12.66 mm for Escherichia coli isolates. ...
... Ferro et al. (2003) found an inhibition zone of 12.66 mm for Escherichia coli isolates. The inhibition zones in this study were generally higher than the findings of Irshad et al. (2011) and had some similarity with findings of Ferro et al. (2003). Irshad et al. (2011) reported that that Aloe vera extracted using acetone exhibited stronger activity against Escherichia coli as compared to aqueous or ethanol extracts. ...
... The inhibition zones in this study were generally higher than the findings of Irshad et al. (2011) and had some similarity with findings of Ferro et al. (2003). Irshad et al. (2011) reported that that Aloe vera extracted using acetone exhibited stronger activity against Escherichia coli as compared to aqueous or ethanol extracts. Ferro et al. (2003) reported that sap water extract was more effective than leaf extract against Escherichia coli. ...
Aloe vera has a long history as a medicinal plant with diverse therapeutic applications. This study was conducted to assess the antibacterial effect of Aloe vera gel extract against Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica isolated from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of guinea fowls. The conventional method was used for the isolation of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica. The antibacterial activity of Aloe vera gel extracts (50, 100 and 200 mg/ml) and standard antibiotics were evaluated using the disk diffusion method. The prevalence of Escherichia coli in the GIT of the guinea fowls was 100% (15/15). All the Escherichia coli were susceptible to ciprofloxacin. At 48h and 72h of incubation, all the Escherichia coli were susceptible to gentamicin but not at 24h. Inhibition zones using the Aloe vera gel extract ranged from 7.87-12.23mm (50 mg/ml), 8.53-17.23mm (100 mg/ml) and 7.43-10.67mm (200 mg/ml) for Escherichia coli. Also, antibacterial test for Escherichia coli using the Aloe vera gel extract revealed an inhibition zone of 9.10-12.23mm for Escherichia coli isolate GIT1, 7.8-8.57mm for Escherichia coli isolate GIT2 and 7.43-17.23mm for Escherichia coli isolate GIT7. The prevalence of Salmonella enterica in the GIT of the guinea fowls was 40% (6/15). All Salmonella enterica were susceptible to gentamicin. At 48h and 72h of incubation, all the Salmonella enterica were susceptible to suphamethoxazole/trimethoprim and tetracycline but not at 24h. Inhibition zones using Aloe vera gel extract ranged from 7.13-12.57mm (50 mg/ml), 4.2-6.7mm (100 mg/ml) and 0-9.23mm (200 mg/ml). Furthermore, antibacterial test for Salmonella enterica using the Aloe vera gel extract revealed an inhibition zone of 5.3-12.57mm for Salmonella enterica isolate GIT9, 0-7.8mm for Salmonella enterica isolate GIT10 and 4.2-9.0mm for Salmonella enterica isolate GIT15. The study revealed that Aloe vera gel extract possessed antibacterial properties. Therefore, it can be added to the feed of guinea fowls as a prophylactic to reduce bacterial infections.
... Aloe Vera gel consists of 99.3% water and the remaining is made up of solids with glucose and mannose molecules, of which mannose is more concentrated than glucose (6,7). Acemannan is the major polysaccharide in Aloe Vera gel and is known to induce immunological reaction (8). ...
... Acemannan is the major polysaccharide in Aloe Vera gel and is known to induce immunological reaction (8). These components give the special properties as a skin care product (7). Polysaccharides from Aloe Vera promote both the proliferation of fibroblasts and the production of hyaluronic acid and hydroxyproline in fibroblasts, which play important roles in extracellular matrix remodeling during wound healing (6). ...
... The major phytochemical constituent of henna, lawsone, possesses significant anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities (10). One of the oldest and most widely used medicinal plants is chamomile suggested for a variety of healing applications (7). It contains around 120 secondary metabolites, including 28 terpenoids and 36 flavonoids (12). ...
... Ocimum grattissimum extract of methanol had the maximum antibacterial activity as compared to other solvents ethanol, and aqueous. This was similar to a study by [45], to investigate the antimicrobial evaluation of plant pathogens by disc diffusion method, which was done with three different forms (ethanol, methanol, and aqueous extracts) [45]. And for O. grattissimum also, this was similar to a study by Junaid, to investigate the antimicrobial evaluation of O. gratissimum extracts on some selected bacterial gastrointestinal isolates, which was done by [46]. ...
... Ocimum grattissimum extract of methanol had the maximum antibacterial activity as compared to other solvents ethanol, and aqueous. This was similar to a study by [45], to investigate the antimicrobial evaluation of plant pathogens by disc diffusion method, which was done with three different forms (ethanol, methanol, and aqueous extracts) [45]. And for O. grattissimum also, this was similar to a study by Junaid, to investigate the antimicrobial evaluation of O. gratissimum extracts on some selected bacterial gastrointestinal isolates, which was done by [46]. ...
Ocimum gratissimum is used to treat several infectious and non-infectious diseases. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among bacteria to conventional antimicrobials has become a serious challenge and threat worldwide. However, the medicinal plants of Ocimum gratissimum, which are used for two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis) and two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria, were collected from Jimma town of Ethiopia. Therefore, the antibacterial activity of leaf extracts of selected plants was determined in vitro, using disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determined against selected zoonotic pathogenic bacteria. Aqueous extraction, ethanol, and methanol were the extraction solvents used in this study. The means inhibition zone among the three, methanolic and ethanolic crude extracts, were higher, and aqueous was the lowest extract as compared using the analysis of significant difference test. The antimicrobial assay showed that the zones of inhibition produced using the disc diffusion method ranged from 2±0.26mm lower to 30±0.34 mm highest for the three extraction methods, with the highest value of 30±0.34 mm obtained with methanol extraction. The zones of inhibition for dried Ocimum grattissimum methanol extract were 15±0.26mm lowest to 30±0.34mm highest and for were 15±0.26 to 28±0.11, Ethanol extract from dried leaf Ocimum grattissimum was 10±0.22mm lowest to 26±0.34mm highest, and 7±0.11mm to 24±0.26mm respectively. Regarding ethanol, methanol extract, and hot and cold aqueous extract, there was a significant difference (P<0.05) seen for all tested bacteria. This study's results suggest that Ocimum grattissimum extracts may be useful in the search for an antibacterial agent to help create novel medications that combat animal pathogenic bacteria that cause life-threatening illnesses.
... Salmonella typhi had the second inhibitory action followed by Esherichia coli. Irshad [12] reported that Aloe vera extract produced an average inhibition zone of 2 mm against Escherichia coli. ...
... [13]. Irshad [12] again reported that Aloe vera extracted using acetone exhibited stronger activity against Escherichia coli as compared to aqueous or ethanol extracts. Ferro et al [13] reported that sap water extract was more effective than leaf extract against Escherichia coli. ...
The Antibacterial effect of Aloe vera gel extract against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and
Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of poultry birds was investigated. Standard
microbiological methods were used for the isolation of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and
Staphylococcus aureus. The prevalence of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus in
the droppings of the poultry birds was 89%. The organisms were identified following various biochemical
tests, like Gram Staining, catalase test, Coagulase test, Citrate test and Indole test. The antibacterial activity
of Aloe vera gel extracts were standardized by plating out 1.05×105 cfu/ml, while serial dilutions of 10-1-10
-10 were used to evaluate efficacy of the inhibitory effect using the Agar Gel diffusion method on different
concentration on the test organisms. The result shows that Aloe vera gel extract at different concentrations
inhibited the growth of the microorganisms. Though there was a higher inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus
aureus at 10-1, 13.5 mm and 14.5 mm for Ist and 2nd agar well respectively and a lower inhibitory growth of
8 mm and 8.3 mm at 10-8
. There was no inhibition on 10-9 and 10-10
, followed by Escherichia coli at 10-1
,
11.5 mm and 12.5 mm for Ist and 2
nd agar well respectively and a lower inhibitory growth of 10 mm at 10-6
. There was no inhibition on 10-7 to 10-10 and lastly Salmonella typhi at 10-1
, 10.5 mm and 11.5 mm for Ist
and 2
nd agar well respectively and a lower inhibitory growth of 9 mm at 10-7
. There was no inhibition on 10
-8 to 10-10. The study revealed that Aloe vera gel extract possessed antibacterial properties. Therefore, it can
be added to the feed of poultry birds as a prophylactic to reduce bacterial infections and would be used to
test the natural efficacy of Herbal medicine
... Aloe aborescens Aloe Vera is the most versatile and nutritional store house nature favor to it by giving enormous nutrients and bioactive compounds [2,9]. It is a nutrient tower that contains around 75 nutrients and 200 active compounds including minerals, amino acids, enzymes and vitamins as summarized in Fig.2 [9][10][11] ...
... High level of Ni causes allergic, carcinogen which adversely affect lungs and nasal cavities [21,22]. Excessive intakes of Cr causes skin rash, nose irritations, bleeding, upset stomach and kidney [8,10]. High intakes of Ca lead to urinary stone formation as well it inhibits the intestinal absorption of iron, zinc and other essential minerals [21,22]. ...
The main objective of this study was to assess the metals level in Aloe Vera and in the soil where the Aloe Vera plant has grown in three sites, namely; Konso, Welaita and Arba Minch in southern region of Ethiopia using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The results of this study reveal that Aloe Vera plant has the ability to accumulate relatively higher amounts of K and Mn among the determined macro-and micro-elements, respectively. The mean levels of metal in Aloe Vera among three geographical areas in this study could be put in the following order: K (51.880 mg/Kg>> Ca (27.440 mg/Kg) > Mg (7.890 mg/Kg) > Na (2.335 mg/Kg) > Mn (2.083 mg/Kg) > Fe (2.043 mg/Kg) > Ni (2.033 mg/Kg) > Cr (1.670 mg/Kg) > Co (0.947 mg/Kg) > Cu (0.189 mg/Kg). But the metals level in soil are decreased in the order of: Ca (25.110 mg/Kg) > Mg (7.600 mg/Kg) > K (2.764 mg/Kg) > Na (2.330 mg/Kg) > Ni (2.240 mg/Kg) > Fe (2.157 mg/Kg) > Cr (1.700 mg/Kg) > Co (1.650 mg/Kg) > Mn (1.510 mg/Kg) > Cu (0.189 mg/Kg). Hence, the metal level in Aloe Vera are more dominant since plants absorb metal ions from different sources and then hyper-accumulated.
... Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae showed break points at 10µl and 2.5µl, respectively. Present results are comparable with [15] who reported that Aloe vera possessed the antibacterial activity against gram negative bacterial organisms i,e, Escherichia coli. [16] also observed that growth of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae was inhibited in the medium which is containing Aloe vera. ...
... [8] also reported that Aloe vera possessed strong antibacterial effect. Present results are in accordance with [15] who reported that Aloe vera has potent antibacterial activity against different gram-negative organisms including Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia and (MIC) values ranged from 31.25 to 4000 and 62.5 to 8000μg/ml. Similar type of study was conducted to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Aloe vera and it was observed from result that gram-negative bacteria are found susceptible, to Aloe vera such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae [9]. ...
in-vitro antibacterial activity of Aloe vera and gentamicin against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from mastitis milk samples, from Tandojam, Sindh Pakistan. Abstract The current study was conducted to examine the in vitro antibacterial activity of pure Aloe vera extract and compared with commonly used antibiotic, Gentamicin against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia isolated from mastitis milk. For this purpose, 50 milk samples were collected from dairy farms in the vicinity of Tandojam and processed the samples for culture, identification, and Minimum inhibitory concentration of pure Aloe vera extract and gentamicin in the laboratory of department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, to record the MIC against isolated organisms at different concentrations i-e 40, 20, 10, 5, 2.5, 1.25, 0.625, 0.312, 0.156, 0.081 and 0.039µl. The MIC of the isolates was determined by the turbidity and translucency of the cultured medium Results of present study revealed that out of 50 milk samples, 35 (70%) and 15 (30%) were found positive for E. coli and K. pneumonia, respectively. It was found that E. coli stopped growth at 10µl of pure Aloe vera and 1.25µl of Gentamicin. Whereas K. pneumoniae failed to grow at 2.5µl of pure Aloe vera, but it was found highly susceptible for gentamicin and stopped growth at lowest conc: i-e 0.03µl. The comparative results revealed that the concentrations of Aloe vera used in this study were not as effective as that of commercial product, but Aloe vera stopped the growth of isolated organisms at certain level as that of gentamicin. Therefore, due to emergence of resistance towards antibiotics, Aloe vera can be used as a substitute of antibiotics.
... Aloe barbadensis is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, and two types of bioactive C-glycosides, namely, aloin and aloesin (rare C-glycoside derivatives of anthraquinones and chromones, respectively), have been isolated from its leaves [33][34][35] . However, little is known about the corresponding CGTs, which prompted us to search for CGTs with specific catalytic properties. ...
... Then we designed and chemically synthesized 25 potential substrates . Functional groups, including aliphatic carbon chains (30)(31)(32)(33), saturated carbon cycles (34)(35)(36)(37), carbon chain-substituted benzenes (38)(39)(40)(41), and N-and S-heterocycles (42)(43)(44)(45), were chemically attached to phloroglucinol by a one-step reaction 43 . Furthermore, various derivatives (46-54) of 1-benzylbenzene-2,4,6triol (38) and 1-phenethylbenzene-2,4,6-triol (39) were chemically synthesized to investigate the effects of different substituents in the B ring on the pharmacological activity. ...
Bioactive natural C-glycosides are rare and chemical C-glycosylation faces challenges while enzymatic C-glycosylation catalyzed by C-glycosyltransferases provides an alternative way. However, only a small number of C-glycosyltransferases have been found, and most of the discovered C-glycosyltransferases prefer to glycosylate phenols with an acyl side chain. Here, a promiscuous C-glycosyltransferase, AbCGT, which is capable of C-glycosylating scaffolds lacking acyl groups, is identified from Aloe barbadensis. Based on the substrate promiscuity of AbCGT, 16 C-glycosides with inhibitory activity against sodium-dependent glucose transporters 2 are chemo-enzymatically synthesized. The C-glycoside 46a shows hypoglycemic activity in diabetic mice and is biosynthesized with a cumulative yield on the 3.95 g L‒1 scale. In addition, the key residues involved in the catalytic selectivity of AbCGT are explored. These findings suggest that AbCGT is a powerful tool in the synthesis of lead compounds for drug discovery and an example for engineering the catalytic selectivity of C-glycosyltransferases.
... Aloe Vera: its leaves are source of great biologically active compounds, such as anthrones, anthraquinones, and various lectins. Aloe vera has been showed potential antifungal, antiviral and antibacterial activity against skin infections, such as acne, herpes and scabies [15]. Christ's thorn (Ziziphus spina christi) It has been called as "Sedr" in Iran. ...
... Also, Aloe vera leaf was recognized as increasing collagen building, but its antibacterial effect was not negligible. Mannans, polymannans, anthraquinone c-glycosides, anthrones, anthraquinones, and various lectins are recognized as bioactive compound of Aloe vera [15]. In the present study, aqueous aloe vera extract demonstrated a good antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa, S. enteric and S. aureus, and only 20 mg/mL of the Aloe vera extract inhibited more than 50% of P. aeruginosa and S. enteric growth. ...
Background
Nowadays, it is necessary to discover new and efficient antifungal or antimicrobial drugs because of increasing drug resistance organisms. Using medicinal plants for natural treatment of diseases caused by bacterial origin has mainly been considered.
Objectives
In this study, the impacts of antimicrobial medicinal plants extract were compared based on four bacteria in vitro.
Methods
In this experimental study, disc diffusion assay and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method were used to investigate the antibacterial effects of selected plant extract elicited by two different solvent on S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. enteric. Data were analyzed with a statistical software program (SPSS 16).
Results
The hydro-alcoholic extract of Myrtus communis (myrtle) and water extract of Cinnamomun zeylanicum (cinnamon) were the most active extracts screened for antimicrobial activities against different four bacteria as tested organisms. The diameter of inhibition zones ranged from 23 to 28 mm. Comparison of the antibacterial effect of plant extracts and commercial drug revealed that the size of inhibition zone of penicillin against Staphylococcus aureus bacterium was larger than the plant extracts. However, myrtle extract at the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 30 mg/mL showed more powerful antibacterial activity compared to the other extracts and even penicillin. Petroselinum crispum (parsley), Nerium oleander (Oleander) and Glycyrihiza glabra (licorice) were found to have the least effect on the tested bacteria.
Conclusions
In the present study, plant extracts with different compounds showed antibacterial activity (especially myrtle and cinnamon). Hence, they can be used as new source for antibacterial substances.
... There are differences in the antimicrobial effects of various extracts of A. vera. In a study conducted by Irshad et al to determine the antimicrobial activity of ethanol, methanol, and distilled water, it was shown that methanol extract of A. vera of leaves and gel has higher antibacterial activity compared with that of ethanol and distilled water extracts 35 . In another study carried out by Ibrahim et al in 2011 to evaluate and compare antimicrobial activity of A. vera gel against some human and plant pathogens, three different extracts forms of ethanol, acetone, and aqueous were compared with each other. ...
... Also, Pandey and Mishra compared the antimicrobial activities of aqueous extract of A. vera against Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria. They indicated that aqueous extract has a weak inhibitory effect on Gram positive bacteria while such effect on the Gram negative bacteria was not observed 37 35 . ...
Aloe vera, as a traditional folk medicine plant, is used for its curative and therapeutic properties. In the current study, attempts were made to evaluate in vitro antimicrobial activity of A. vera gel against Escherichia coli strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infection. A total of 150 E. Coli isolates were recovered from urine samples between July 2015 and September 2015. Extended-spectrum ²-lactamase (ESBL) screening in Escherichia coli isolates was on the basis of double disc synergy tests and combined disk diffusion test. Epsilometer test was performed to determine susceptibilities of E. Coli isolates to 13 antimicrobial agents. Metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) production was detected by performing combined disc test. Also, the micro broth dilution method was used to determine the antimicrobial activity of A. vera gel against E. Coli isolates.In the present study, out of 150 E. Coli isolates, 110 (73.3%) were confirmed as ESBL. MBL screening, using phenotypic methods, indicated that 33 (22%) isolates were positive. The antibiogram revealed that 148 isolates (98.7%) were multi drug resistance E. Coli strains. The coexistences of ESBL and MBL were found in 15 isolates (10%). All of ESBL and MBL E. Coli strains were inhibited by ethanol extract of A. vera gel at minimum inhibitory concentration £200 μg/ml. More than half of the tested isolates (53.3%) were inhibited by concentrations that did not exceed 50 μg/ml for ethanol extract from A. vera gel.The results of the present study highlighted that A. vera gel, at various concentrations, could be used as an antibacterial agent for treatment and prevention of UTIs.
... It has several uses as laxative, anti-helminthic, hemorrhoid remedy, and uterine stimulant. It is used often together with licorice root, to treat eczema or psoriasis (42). On the contrary, Centella asiatica and its extracts was documented to be used for the treatment of various skin diseases like leprosy, lupus, varicose ulcers, psoriasis, diarrhea, fever, amenorrhea, and diseases of the female genitourinary tract (27). ...
... Microbiological analysis of the herbal samples Total aerobic bacteria 10 5 cfu/ml; Escherichia coli 10 1 cfu/ml; Salmonella spp. absent; Enterobacteria 10 3 cfu/ml) Irshad et al.(42). The difference in the results of these studies might be due to the employment of the different solvent extraction method (such as methanol or ethanol) for scavenging the bioactive components from the A. vera samples & minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) procedure which was proved to be worthwhile. ...
p>The present study was performed to detect the presence of contaminating microorganisms in two commonly available herbal samples ( Centella asiatica and Aloe vera ) collected from different areas of Dhaka city, Bangladesh and to assess their antibacterial activity. Out of twenty samples (having ten samples of each categories) studied; the range of total viable bacterial count was approximately 103 to 108 cfu/g. Presence of Staphylococcus aureus was found in all the samples, followed by Klebsiella spp. in 15 samples, Pseudomonas spp. in 14 samples, Bacillus spp. in 12 samples, Escherichia coli in 9 samples and Vibrio spp. in 7 samples. Salmonella spp. was detected in neither of the sample. 17 samples showed a high fungal load up to 107 cfu/g. Antibacterial activity of C. asiatica samples was demonstrated against eight laboratory isolates. Only four C. asiatica samples showed activity against Klebsiella spp . On the contrary, Aloe vera samples (12-14) showed antibacterial activity only against Staphylococcus spp.
Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.6(1) 2016: 39-43</p
... There are inconsistencies regarding the effectiveness of A. vera extract in different solvents. Irshad et al. showed that A. vera methanolic extract has the highest antibacterial activity compared to ethanolic and aqueous extract (35). Ibrahim et al. (2011) showed that the antibacterial and antifungal activity of Estonian extract was higher than that of aqueous and ethanolic extracts (36). ...
... The objective of the current investigation was to gather preliminary data on the antibacterial activity of water, (32). In this study, methanol and ethanol extracts from dried leaves exhibited higher antibacterial activity in the growth of gram-positive bacteria tested than tetracycline. ...
Introduction: Traditional remedies, of which 95% are derived from plants, are used in Ethiopia to cure 90% of cattle and over 80% of human patients. Traditional medicine continues to be the predominant form of healthcare in underdeveloped nations. Aloe barbadensis is used to cure a variety of sick conditions, both infectious and not. The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria is a significant risk and issue associated with conventional antibiotic treatment. Methods: Disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) experiments against certain zoonotic pathogenic bacteria were used to assess the antibacterial activity of leaf extracts from chosen plants in vitro. The extraction solvents employed in this investigation were ethanol, methanol, and aqueous extraction. Results: The ethanol extract from A. barbadensis was 7±0.11mm to 24±0.26 mm. A. barbadensis leaves showed 2±0.11 to 10±0.29 for hot conditions and 3±0.11 lowest to 12±0.26 highest for cold conditions. All examined microorganisms had a significant difference (P<0.05) in ethanol, methanol, and hot and cold aqueous extracts. Conclusion: The findings of this study point to the potential use of A. barbadensis extracts as antibacterial agents for developing new pharmaceuticals to control animal pathogenic bacteria responsible for severe sickness.
... Aloe vera gel was found to be 100% active against all gram-negative isolates and 75.3% active against gram positive pathogens (Bashir et al., 2011). Irshad et al. (2011) (Oghenejobo et al., 2022). Aqueous extract of turmeric had inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus (Gul and Bakht, 2015;Pundir et al., 2010). ...
... A. vera extract of methanol had the maximum antibacterial activity as compared to other solvents, such as ethanol and aqueous. This observation was similar to a study conducted by Irshad and others (2011) to investigate the antimicrobial evaluation of A. vera gel against some human and plant pathogens by the disc diffusion method, which was done with three different forms (ethanol, methanol, and aqueous extracts) (Irshad et al., 2011) and for O. gratissimum, this was in agreement to the finding of Junaid and co-workers (2006) to investigate the antimicrobial evaluation of O. gratissimum extracts on some selected bacterial gastrointestinal isolates. ...
Antimicrobial resistance poses a serious public health problem throughout the world, Traditional remedies, of which
95% are derived from plants, are used in Ethiopia to cure 90% of cattle and over 80% of human patients. Traditional
medicine continues to be the predominant form of healthcare in underdeveloped nations. Aloe barbadensis and Ocimum
gratissimum are used to cure a variety of sick conditions, both infectious and not. The emergence of antimicrobial
resistance (AMR) in bacteria is a significant risk and issue associated with conventional antibiotic treatment. Therefore,
disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) experiments against certain zoonotic pathogenic bacteria
were used to assess the antibacterial activity of leaf extracts from chosen plants in vitro. The extraction solvents
employed in this investigation were ethanol, methanol, and aqueous extraction. According to the results of the
antimicrobial experiment, the zones of inhibition created by the disc diffusion method ranged in size from 2±0.26 mm
lower to 30±0.34 mm highest for the three extraction techniques, with methanol extraction producing the highest value
of 30±0.34 mm. The ethanol extract from dried leaves of O. gratissimum and A. barbadensis was 10±0.22 mm, lowest to
26±0.34 mm, highest and 7±0.11mm to 24±0.26 mm, respectively. The zones of inhibition for dried O. gratissimum
methanol extract were 15±0.26mm lowest to 30±0.34mm highest and for A. barbadensis, 15±0.26 to 28±0.11. O.
gratissimum dried leaves with water extract showed 4±0.37 mm lowest to 10±0.26 mm highest and 6±0.26 mm to
12±0.22 mm, respectively, in both hot and cold conditions. A. barbadensis dried leaves showed 2±0.11 to 10±0.29 for
hot conditions and 3±0.11 lowest to 12±0.26 highest for cold conditions. For each examined microorganism, there was a
significant difference (P<0.05) in ethanol, methanol, and hot and cold aqueous extracts. The findings of this study point
to the potential use of A. barbadensis and O. gratissimum extracts as antibacterial agents for developing new
pharmaceuticals to control animal pathogenic bacteria responsible for severe sickness.
... Different A. vera extracts have different antibacterial properties. In comparison to ethanol and distilled water, Irshad et al., demonstrated that the A. vera extract of methanol had the highest level of antibacterial activity [25]. Ibrahim et al., (2011) used three distinct forms (ethanol, acetone, and aqueous extracts) in their investigation of the phytochemical analysis and antibacterial assessment of A. vera gel against certain plant and human infections using the disc diffusion method. ...
Background: It is becoming more widely acknowledged that Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a significant nosocomial pathogen that can cause serious infections. In general, new therapeutic approaches that prioritize the utilization of extracts and physiologically active chemicals extracted from herbal plants should be used to control P. aeruginosa infections. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that in underdeveloped countries, around 80% of the population mostly uses traditional medicine and plant extracts as their primary source of medicine to treat a variety of infectious diseases. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of A. vera against P. aeruginosa isolated in Khartoum state hospitals. Materials and Methods: The present descriptive study was performed in Khartoum state. Between November 2022 and April 2023, a total of 100 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa were obtained from patients hospitalized at Khartoum State hospitals. Standard microbiological techniques, such as the Gram stain, catalase test, and oxidase test, were used to identify the isolates. Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone, Meropenem, and Gentamicin. A. vera gel were used in an antimicrobial susceptibility test against the P. aeruginosa strains. Results: Isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected from hospitalized individuals. Of the 100 isolates included in the study, 63 isolates (63%) had been isolated from males and 37 isolates (37%) had been isolated from females. Using the microdilution method, antimicrobial susceptibility testing for 100 P. aeruginosa clinical isolates was conducted for four antibiotics. The results showed that 38% of the isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, 94% to ceftriaxone, 82% to gentamicin, and 0% to meropenem. Conclusions: P. aeruginosa demonstrated multidrug resistance to a widely used antibiotic. A different therapeutic agent for the treatment of clinical multi-drug resistance bacteria may be employed in the ethanol extracts of Aloe vera since they have shown antibacterial efficacy against multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa which is resistant to many drugs and may be treated with a combination of conventional antibacterial discs and the crude extract of Aloe vera. The study's findings validate the traditional wisdom that aloe vera plants may cure microbial infections and suggest that aloe vera may be used to make powerful new antibacterial compounds.
... The aloe vera plant also contains the active compound saponins, which has an influential role in increasing the permeability of the intestinal cell wall, thus increasing the absorption of nutrients 11 . Also, aloe vera gel increases the growth of beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus), which produces lactic acid, organic and fatty acids, and hydrogen peroxide, increasing beneficial bacteria's growth 12 . The aloe vera plant contains many antioxidant vitamins (A, C and E) 13 . ...
The study was conducted at a poultry field, Agricultural Research and Experiment Station at the College of Agriculture, Al-Muthanna University, to determine the effect of locally extracted and imported aloe vera oil on some productive traits of broilers, different levels of oil extracted from the leaves of the aloe vera plant were used, from 22/2/2022 to 29/3/2022. A total of 405 unsexed, one-day-old chicks of Ross 308 broiler were used; chicks were randomly distributed to nine treatments with three replicates for each, 45 chicks per treatment (15 chicks for each replicate), the treatments were followed; T1: without any addition, as for the treatments T2, T3, T4 and T5, they were local aloe vera oil and the treatments T7, T6, T8 and T9, they were imported aloe vera oil, the addition of oil was at the levels 0.3 and 0.4 per kg feed. The results of the experiment indicated a significant improvement in some productive traits, including Body Weight (BW), Weight Gain (WG), Feed Intake (FI) and Feed Conversion (FC), with a significant decrease in mortality for all treatments of locally extracted and imported oil compared to the control treatment, the treatments of the oil extracted locally showed the best results in a significant way compared to the rest of the treatments of the imported oil of the aloe vera plant. Keywords: Locally extracted, imported, aloe vera oil, productive traits, broilers.
... The aloe vera plant also contains the active compound saponins, which has an influential role in increasing the permeability of the intestinal cell wall, thus increasing the absorption of nutrients 11 . Also, aloe vera gel increases the growth of beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus), which produces lactic acid, organic and fatty acids, and hydrogen peroxide, increasing beneficial bacteria's growth 12 . The aloe vera plant contains many antioxidant vitamins (A, C and E) 13 . ...
The study was conducted at a poultry field, Agricultural Research and Experiment Station at the College of Agriculture, Al-Muthanna University, to determine the effect of locally extracted and imported aloe vera oil on some productive traits of broilers, different levels of oil extracted from the leaves of the aloe vera plant were used, from 22/2/2022 to 29/3/2022. A total of 405 unsexed, one-day-old chicks of Ross 308 broiler were used; chicks were randomly distributed to nine treatments with three replicates for each, 45 chicks per treatment (15 chicks for each replicate), the treatments were followed; T1: without any addition, as for the treatments T2, T3, T4 and T5, they were local aloe vera oil and the treatments T7, T6, T8 and T9, they were imported aloe vera oil, the addition of oil was at the levels 0.3 and 0.4 per kg feed. The results of the experiment indicated a significant improvement in some productive traits, including Body Weight (BW), Weight Gain (WG), Feed Intake (FI) and Feed Conversion (FC), with a significant decrease in mortality for all treatments of locally extracted and imported oil compared to the control treatment, the treatments of the oil extracted locally showed the best results in a significant way compared to the rest of the treatments of the imported oil of the aloe vera plant. Keywords: Locally extracted, imported, aloe vera oil, productive traits, broilers.
... Another study showed that methanol extract of Aloe barbadensis (aloe vera) leaves through 48 hours' maceration on a shaking incubator was the most effective when tested in an antibacterial assay against E. coli strain (Irshad et al., 2011). The final quantity of extracts can also be maximized by choosing the appropriate extraction technique. ...
The recent increased interest in plant-based medication and dietary supplements has resulted in researchers from various fields of ethnopharmacology, botany, microbiology, and natural product chemistry scouring the planet for phytochemicals and “leads” thatmight be used to treat infectious diseases. However, even though about 25 to 50% of today’s medications come from plants, none of them is employed as antimicrobials. Western medicine is attempting to replicate the effectiveness of traditional healers who have employed plants for a long time to prevent or treat infectious diseases. Secondary metabolites that have been shown to have antimicrobial activities in vitro include tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, and flavonoids, which are abundant in plants. Plants comprise a complex variety of metabolites and bioactive compounds. Since extraction is the first step in obtaining herbal plant components, many factors must be considered while choosing the best extraction techniques. The correct extraction techniques employed will ensure that the maximal plant compounds are produced sufficiently for the required antibacterial assays. This review discusses several traditional and more recently developed plant extraction methods specifically used for antibacterial assay and includes an overview of the general idea, benefits, and drawbacks of common extraction techniques.
... One of half (1.5) kg of A. vera leaves powder was macerated with 4 L of MeOH-CH 2 Cl 2 (1: 1 v/v) for 48 hours. Filtration was carried out using Wattman No. 1 paper [32]. The solvents were concentrated at 40°C by, using a rotary evaporator under reduced pressure to give a crude leaves extract (5.45%) [33]. ...
Background
Human onchocerciasis caused by the filarial worm, Onchocerca volvulus is a parasitic that forms nodules under the skin. In the developing countries, it has been estimated that more than 80% of the population rely on traditional medicines for their primary healthcare needs. The aim of this work was to assess the nematicidal activities of Aloe vera on Onchocerca ochengi and Caenorahbditis elegans and to determine the phytochemical compounds.
Methods
Nodules were collected from the umbilical region of infected cattle, dissected and male worms were cultured in RPMI-1640. Worms were incubated for 48 h and 72 h with different concentrations of A. vera extracts in RPMI-1640 and M9-buffer. Polyphenol, tannin and flavonoid contents of extract were determined by using gallic acid and rutin as standards. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging method.
Results
The anthelmintic effect of A. vera extract against O. ochengi was concentration dependent with LC50 of 20.71 µg/mL and 11.75 µg/mL after 48 and 72h respectively. A. vera extract exerted concentration dependent lethal effects (LC50 = 2747 and LC50 = 1937 µg/mL) against C. elegans (WT). MeOH-CH2Cl2 of A. vera extract exhibited high DPPH activity with an IC50 value of 15 µg/mL and 9 µg/mL for ascorbic acid. The highest activity in adult worms was observed with the MeOH (100: 0) and AcOEtMeOH fractions with LC50 values of 12.82 and 15.50 µg/mL respectively. EcOEtMeOH (8:2 v/v) was more effective (LC50 = 250 µg/mL) on WT C. elegans. A. vera contains polyphenols (1015.05 and AcOEtMeOH = 893.60), flavonoids (25.35 and MeOH = 225.76) and tannins (401.37 and Hex = 788.89).
Conclusions
A. vera showed in vitro nematicidal activity against O. ochengi and C. elegans. Aloe vera could be used as alternative anthelmintic for onchocerciasis treatment.
... Several studies have reported that A. vera gel is efective against both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria [12]. Irshad and Butt [13] found that A. vera gel has a good antibacterial efect toward some bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Salmonilla typhimurium, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Pseudomonas. Jain et al. [12] reported that bioactive components in A. vera crude extracts have powerful antibacterial activity. ...
To evaluate the potential antimicrobial activity, Aloe vera and Opuntia ficus-indica plants were collected from the Jeddah, Al Baha, and Taif areas of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (SA), and their ethanolic extracts were screened by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS). The di(2-propylpentyl) ester and hexadecenoic acid ethyl ester of phthalic acid were the most abundant compounds in the A. vera extract, and 1-(benzyloxy)-3,5-dinitrobenzene and phenol, 5-ethenyl-2-methoxy were the most abundant compounds in the O. ficus-indica extract. The antimicrobial activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of these plants against seven fungi and five pathogenic bacteria was also tested. Among all the tested fungi, A. chevalieri showed the largest inhibition zone when treated with the A. vera gel ethanolic extract, followed by P. funiculosum and P. minioluteum, which were more sensitive to and showed larger inhibition zones upon treatment with aqueous extract. For the O. ficus-indica ethanolic extract, T. funiculosus showed the largest inhibition zone. The aqueous extract of the O. ficus-indica showed low antimicrobial activity against all tested fungi. By contrast, both the A. vera and O. ficus-indica extracts showed antibacterial activity against S. aureus, Shigella sp., E. coli, and MRSA except S. typhimurium, which was the most resistant bacterium to both the aqueous and ethanol extracts of A. vera and O. ficus-indica.
... (9) Similarly the Aloe vera extract of Methanol was found to contain maximum antimicrobial activity as compared to other solvents like ethanol and distilled water. (10) Our results also corroborate with one study where greater effectiveness of antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts of Aloe vera were documented. (11) Our results are also suggestive of methanolic extracts to be more effective than ethyl acetate. ...
Medicinal plant contains many natural products to perform antifungal activity. The present study was undertaken to determine the antifungal activity of Aloe vera gel with ethyl acetate and methanol extracts against the Aspergillus spp. The fungus was isolated using standard potato dextrose agar. After identifying the fungus based on their morphology they were subjected to various biochemical tests. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was also performed to determine the content of Aloe vera gel with ethyl acetate and methanol extractions. The Aloe vera gel with methanol extract was found to have high yield as compared to ethyl acetate extract. The methanol extraction of Aloe vera also showed high inhibition rate of fungal flora as depicted by colony forming unit (CFU) method. Further studies are recommended to ascertain the role of Aloe vera with other solvent extracts as a potent pharmacological and therapeutic agent Key words: Antifungal activity, Aloe vera, extracts, GCMS
... It was concluded byFani and Kohanteb that Aloe Vera gelat optimum concentration could be used as an antiseptic not only for prevention of dental caries but also for periodontal diseases. [3]Irshad S et al., [17] found that Aloe Vera Gel is effective against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilius, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas, Klebsiellaepidermidis.In our study we foundAloe Vera gelto be effective against both gram negative bacteria and gram positive bacteria. The results of our study were comparable to thatof Bashir A et al., [18] in which Aloe Vera Gel for gram negative isolates was found to be 100% active and for gram positive pathogensit was found to be 75.3% ...
The use of antibiotics has been increasing in the medical field for the control and cure of diseases butwith the increase in antibiotics there is an increasing resistance of antibiotics which has made us to think about various herbal remedies which have lesser or no side effects as compared to their counterpart in chemically manufactured products.Aim: To check the anti-bacterial effect of Aloe Vera gel at different concentrations against plaque and caries bacteria and to compare it with antibiotics (cefexime and ofloaxacin). Methodology:Plaque samples were collected early morning from inter-proximal sites of lower central incisors with sterile curettes including both supra-gingival and sub-gingival plaque.Clinical isolate were then grown in Brain-Heart Infusion broth and incubated for 24 hours at 37°C.Anti-microbial activity of the Aloe Vera Gel was tested by the disc diffusion method.Results:Among the various concentrations of Aloe Vera, the group with Aloe Vera extract at 100% concentration showed the best results but the antibacterial efficancy was lower as considered with cefexime and ofloaxacin. Conclusion:It can be concluded that AloeVera gel can be used as an anti-bacterial agent to prevent and treat some oral infectious diseases such as dental caries, at higher concentration.
... Meanwhile, Aloe Vera liquids have shown to have a wide range of effectiveness against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria [16,37]. The plant's antimicrobial agents were reported to effectively inhibit the growth, greatly reduce or kill several coliform bacteria such as E. coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella. 2 5 5 5 1 3 35 3 9 2 3 2 5 4 3 45 2 6 3 3 2 3 3 2 55 2 5 5 5 3 3 3 1 3 Exposure period to sunlight (hr) [45]. In this study, Aloe Vera gel display disinfectant abilities in the various storage concentrations ranging from 1% to 5% on the isolated organism from the three different water samples used in this study. ...
The importance of potable water for human survival cannot be understated, just as human body cannot carry out its functions without water. Oftentimes, chemical such as sodium hypochlorite is used to make contaminated water fit for human consumption but overuse of this chemical has its attendant health effects including carcinogenic effect. It is therefore, important to find a substitute for sodium hypochlorite, without attendant health effects, for water disinfection purpose. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial effects of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and aloe vera gel, stored under various conditions and parameters, on coliform and Escherichia coli isolates from some water samples. Four water samples including tap water, well water, oil polluted water and leachate were collected across Lagos State, Nigeria. All water samples were subjected to presumptive, confirmatory and complete tests. Disinfectant efficacies of the NaOCl and aloe vera were evaluated and compared on the eight isolated microorganisms from the water samples, using the disc diffusion method with various condition and parameters for the two disinfectants. The results showed that coliform counts were <2, 49, >1800 and >1800 cfu/100ml for the tap water, well water, oil polluted water and leachate respectively. Aloe vera looks more stable in its disinfectant capability when compared with NaOCl at the storage temperatures especially at 0, 25 and 35 o C. Furthermore, the p-values for using aloe vera and NaOCl as disinfectants under various conditions of concentration, temperature and sun exposure period ranged between 0.011 and 0.749 with most of the p-values indicating non-significant differences while few ones showed significant differences. On the average, the results showed that aloe vera could be used as a substitute for sodium hypochlorite for disinfection of water from multiple sources.
... Our results were comparable to the study by Bashir A et al., in which Aloe vera extract was found to be 100% active against all gram negative isolates and 75.3% active against gram positive pathogens [33] . Irshad S et al., found that Aloe vera extract is effective against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilius, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella epidermidis [34] . ...
The present study was conducted to compare effects of acemannan and 3 Mix antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin and metronidazole) as pulpotomy in non-vital primary molars. And assess the antibacterial effect of acemannan and 3 Mix. Materials and Methods: Aloe vera gel high molecular weight fractions (AHM) containing native ingredients of polysaccharide (acemannan) and glycoprotein (verectin) were obtained by using the patented hyper dry system after washing out coloured materials with running water from Aloe vera gel slurry. Twenty healthy children aged from four to eight years, they were selected from patients attending outpatient clinic of Pediatric Dentistry department. Each child had at least bilateral non vital lower primary molar indicated for non -vital pulpotomy. Non vital pulpotomy was done in both groups; where group I treated by 3Mix antibiotics, while acemannan (AHM) used in group II. The study cases were recalled after three, nine and twelve months for clinical and radiographic evaluation. Results: the overall clinical and radigraphical success rate of acemannan group was 82%, while 3mix antibiotic group was 18%. Fruther more, group 2 AHM showed better improvement in intra-radicular bone density with treatment than group I 3trimix which was statistically significant p<0.05. Conclusion: The acemannan showed higher clinical and radiographic success rate compared to 3mix antibiotic as a pulpulpotomy agent in non-vital primary molars. It can be considered as an acceptable biomaterial for non- vital pulp therapy of deep caries in primary teeth.
... Penggunaan obat-obatan dari tanaman obat dianggap lebih aman dibandingkan dengan terapi menggunakan pengobatan yang sintetis. Efek samping tanaman obat relatif lebih sedikit daripada pengobatan sintesis (Irshad et al., 2011). ...
Pendahuluan; bakteri Treponema denticola dan Tannerela forsythia sebagai penyebab utama penyakit periodontal. Tujuan mengetahui efektivitas hidrogel aloe vera konsentrasi antibakteri 2,5%, 5%, 10%, dan 20% terhadap bakteri Treponema denticola dan Tannerela forsythia: in vitro. Metode; merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratoris dengan desain post-test-only control group in vitro. Sampel penelitian adalah Treponema denticola dan Tannerela Forsythia. Pengumpulan data dengan mengukur diameter zona hambat menggunakan kaliper geser. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA satu arah dan LSD. Hasil; menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan diameter hidrogel konsentrasi hambat aloe vera 2,5%, 5%, 10%, 20%, dan kontrol positif pada bakteri Treponema denticola dan Tannerela forsythia. Kesimpulan; bahwa terdapat efektivitas antibakteri hidrogel aloe vera konsentrasi 2,5%, 5%, 10%, dan 20% pada bakteri Treponema denticola dan Tannerela forsythia
... In vitro antimicrobial activity assay has been described as the first step towards the development of new chemotherapeutic agents from plants [12]. Researchers have reported the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties of various plants [13,14,15,16,17,18]. These observations have helped in identifying the active agents responsible for their activities. ...
Methanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of Chrysophyllum albidum (African star apple) and Garcinia kola (bitter kola) were studied for in-vitro microbial activity using the disc diffusion technique. The aqueous and methanolic leaf extracts of Chrysophyllum albidum showed antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans but showed no antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumonia. The methanolic leaf extract of Garcinia kola inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia while the aqueous extract of the leaf inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Both methanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of the plant showed no antifungal activity against Candida albicans. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the leaf extracts of Chrysophyllum albidum ranged from 12.5 mgL-1 to 25 mgL-1 while those of Garcinia kola ranged from 25 mgL-1 to 50 mgL-1. The results obtained suggest that the leaves of these plants can be used in treating diseases caused by the test organisms. The further investigation on the crude extracts would characterize bioactive components of the leaves of Chrysophyllum albidum and Garcinia kola.
... The minimum inhibitory concentration of AJ against S. aureus (0.5 mg/mL) was much higher than that against E. coli (10.0 mg/L) (Pandey and Mishra 2010). Although not tested for these films, AJ can inhibit other bacteria, including mycobacteria (Udgire and Pathade 2014;Mbajiuka et al. 2014;Pandey and Mishra 2010;Saba et al. 2011;Sahu et al. 2013;Suleyman and Agaoglu 2009) further suggesting that AJ-doped CMC films could be used as packaging materials for food. ...
Cellulose nanofibers isolated from birch kraft pulp were incorporated into carboxymethyl cellulose-based films as a mechanical strength enhancer, and aloe juice was used as an antibacterial agent. Fourier-transform spectroscopy was performed and indicated the presence of hydrogen bonds that enhance the intermolecular interactions between the carboxymethyl groups and cellulose nanofibers in the prepared film. The incorporation of 5 wt% cellulose nanofibers significantly increased the tensile strength to 21-fold that of films lacking the nanofibers. The addition of aloe juice resulted in films with strong antibacterial activities against E. coli and S. aureus that prolong the shelf life of fresh pork. Cellulose nanofibers and aloe juice both increase the thermal stability and glass transition temperature of the carboxymethyl cellulose-based films, with little effect on the whiteness, transmittance, and wettability of these films. The rheological properties were characterized and revealed competitive interactions between cellulose nanofibers, carboxymethyl cellulose-based films, and aloe juice. The results show that the modified film is a promising material for use in food packaging.
... Enormous work is done on the antimicrobial activities but the authencity of this experimental plant has been discussed in this research article [12][13][14][15]. ...
... Then, by using agar diffusion assay antibacterial activity was estimated. The Aloe vera extract of Methanol (MEA) showed the maximum antibacterial activity as compared to other solvent extracts [30]. ...
Ethno veterinary medicine covers up knowledge, skills, methods, practices and beliefs of people about the indigenous care of their animals and themselves. The use of medicinal plants to treat infections is an old practice in developing countries where there is dependence on traditional medicine to maintain human and animal health. Aloe vera is perennial succulent xerophytes which develops water storage tissue in the leaves to survive in dry areas of low or erratic rainfall. Its name supposedly derived from alloeh, meaning bitter a tribute to the taste of the leaf exudate. The heterogenous composition of the Aloe vera may contribute to the diverse pharmacological and therapeutic activities. Guava is a phytotherapic plant and commonly known as poor man's apple. It is well accepted due to rich in minerals, vitamins and phenolic compounds. Both of herbal plants are well known for their pharmacological activates peculiarly for antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, organo-protective, wound healing and anti-diabetic activities. Aloe vera plants has been associated with some adverse effects particularly hypersensitivity reaction, allergic reaction and sever dermatitis in condition. There is no reported toxic, mutagenic and abnormal interaction of guava leaf. Extensive investigation on its pharmacodynamics and kinetics is needed to exploit their therapeutic utility to combat various diseases.
... [36,34,35,37,38].The improvement in healing of ulcersmay be due to above mentioned actions of test drugs. Different previous experimental studies had already documented that Sibr had antibacterial [39], anti-ulcer [40],and anti-inflammatory action [41], kundur possessed anti-ulcer activity [42],Aslussoos revealed wound healing, antiinflammatory [43], and anti-bacterial Activity [44], while murmaki also confirmed the actions of anti-inflammatory [45], antibacterial [46], analgesic effect [47], and anzaroot had wound healing activity [48]. Hence these actions of the test drugs had prompted towards the improvement of overall symptoms and significant effectiveness in healing of ulcers. ...
... [36,34,35,37,38].The improvement in healing of ulcersmay be due to above mentioned actions of test drugs. Different previous experimental studies had already documented that Sibr had antibacterial [39], anti-ulcer [40],and anti-inflammatory action [41], kundur possessed anti-ulcer activity [42],Aslussoos revealed wound healing, antiinflammatory [43], and anti-bacterial Activity [44], while murmaki also confirmed the actions of anti-inflammatory [45], antibacterial [46], analgesic effect [47], and anzaroot had wound healing activity [48]. Hence these actions of the test drugs had prompted towards the improvement of overall symptoms and significant effectiveness in healing of ulcers. ...
Abstract
Background and objectives: Peptic ulcer are characterized by the presence of ulcers in any portion of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) exposed to acid in sufficient concentration and duration. Peptic ulcer has been a major threat to the world’s population over the past two centuries, with a high morbidity and substantial mortality. Duodenal ulcer is more common than gastric ulcer; about 75% to 80% of the peptic ulcers are found in the duodenum. The predominant age at which duodenal ulcers occur is between 20 and 50 years, whereas gastric ulcers most commonly occur in patients more than 40 years old. Despite extensive scientific advancements, this disease remains an important clinical setback, largely because of H. pylori infection and widespread use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).The present study was designed with the objective to investigate the efficacy and safety of a poly herbal formulation (comprise of Sibr, Anzaroot, Kundur, Aslussoos and Murmakki) in the management of peptic ulcer.
Methods: This was a single blind, before and after compression interventional trial conducted at National Institute of Unani Medicine Hospital, Bengaluru from February, 2016 to February, 2017. 22 patients were enrolled after screening 117 patients. The test formulation was obtained from classical text of Unani Medicine, Ghinna Munna. 4g of test formulation was given in divided doses orally after meals for 30 days. All the patients were assessed by subjective and objective parameters (UGI Endoscopy, VAS and 5PLS). The SPSS version 16, Wilcoxon rank test, pared proportion test and student’s t test were used to analyze the significance of differences before and after treatment.
Result: Statistical analysis showed highly significant improvement in pain in abdomen and overall symptom relief (p<0.001). The mean number of ulcers before and after treatment was 3.36 ±2.34 and 0.18±0.66 respectively while the mean size of ulcer before and after treatment were10.32±4.58 and 0.64±2.08 respectively. UGIT Endoscopic investigation revealed strongly significant improvement in healing of ulcer (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The study confirmed that the test formulation was significantly effective in relieving symptoms and healing ulcer of upper GIT. No adverse effect was observed during the trial. Hence, it can be concluded that the test formulation is safe and effective. Thus, this trial validates the use of test formulation in the treatment of peptic ulcer.
Keywords: Peptic ulcer; Upper GIT; Endoscopy; VAS; 5PLS
Trial registration:‘registration number -CTRI/2017/09/009776 dated-14/09/2017
... Irshad et al [7] studied the antibacterial activity of aloe vera which showed that aloe vera extract of methanol gave the maximum antibacterial activity as compared to other solvent extracts. A major limitation in antimicrobial finishing with natural agents is the non-durability of the finish. ...
In this study, silk and lyocell fibers are blended in the ratio of 50:50 and used in warp and weft directions for the construction of a plain weave fabric. Aloe vera based microcapsules have been used to impart antibacterial finish and its performance on silk/lyocell blended fabrics have been assessed by scanning electron microscope, electron dispersive x-ray, fourier transform infrared spectrum, agar diffusion test, bacterial reduction test, and durability against washing. SEM analysis shows that the aloe vera capsules are impregnated in the fabric. EDX also proved the presence of aloe vera in the fabric by showing the presence of chemicals like Mg, Ca, K, Al and Fe which are not present in the untreated fabric. FTIR spectra of aloe vera treated samples showed an ether group, an alcohol secondary group, an aromatic group and a nitro group which shows the probable chromophoric groups likely to be present in the leaf, gel and root of aloe vera. The results of agar diffusion test clearly showed that aloe vera treated S/L 50:50 blended fabrics have very good antibacterial properties and do not allow the growth of bacteria under the treated fabric. The zone of inhibition was found to be very good and ranged from 28 mm to 30 mm. Bacterial reduction test showed the percentage reduction values of both the microorganisms S. aureus and E. coli to be more than 97%. The wash durability of aloe vera treated fabrics lasted up to 25 washes.
... Aloe barbadensis miller Anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, antimicrobial [13][14][15][16] Azadirachta indica Anti-malarial, wound healing, antiseptic, febrifuge, antihelminthic, anti-microbial [17,18] Curcuma longa Linn. Hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, anticoagulant, wound healing, anti-HIV to combat AIDS, anti-microbial [19,20] Clinacanthus nutans Anti-papillomavirus infectivity, anti-viral activity on varicella-zoster virus, anti-inflammatory activity, anti-herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 activity, anti-oxidant and protective effect against oxidative induced hemolysis [21] Chromolaena odorata Wound healing, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities [22,23] Centella asiatica Antimicrobial activity, anticancer activity, wound healing activity, neuroprotective activity, immunomodulatory activity, anti-inflammatory activity, hepatoprotective activity, insecticidal activity, and antioxidant activity [24,25] Elephantopus scaber Antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiasthmatic, antiplatelet, and wound healing [26] Euphorbia neriifolia Analgesic, hepatoprotective, immunostimulant, anti-inflammatory, mild CNS depressant, wound healing, radioprotective [27,28] Lantana camara Anticancer activity, wound healing, anti-inflammatory activity, antidiabetic activity, anthelmintic, antibacterial activity, antifungal activity, hepatoprotective activity, antioxidant activity, larvicidal activity [29,30] Tridax procumbens Hepatoprotective activity, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, antidiabetic activity, hypotensive effect, immunomodulating property, bronchial catarrh, dysentery, diarrhea and to prevent falling of hair promotes the growth of hair, and antimicrobial activity ...
Flavonoids are found as the most abundant bioactive compounds all around the world. It is found in a number of medicinal plants that are used as wound healing agents in traditional medicinal uses such as Buddleja globosa, Moringa oleifera, Lam, Butea monosperma, Parapiptadenia rigida and Ononis spinosa. Flavonoids nowadays are being used in different formulation and wound healing dressings. Inflammation, proliferation and reepithelializa-tion are involved in wound healing. Most of the wound healing medicinal plants possess multiple flavonoids that act as synergistic effect or combined effect. This chapter briefly reviews the role of flavonoids as wound healing agent in traditional and modern medicine.
... Some fractions were tested in which fraction 8 possessed greatest antibacterial actions against all aforementioned bacterial strains. 32 Aqueous, ethanol and acetone were used to extract the bioactive compounds from the leaves of Aloe vera to screen the antimicrobial action selected human clinical pathogens by agar diffusion technique. The greatest antibacterial actions were observed in acetone extracts (12±0.45nm, ...
Elva is described in the Unani literature in the name of Sibr which is scattered throughout the world. During 1550 BCE the Ebers Papyrus describe the healing benefits of aloe for both internal and external conditions. Internally used for the cure of digestive system, including Qabz (constipation), Zofe Ishteha (Loss of appetite), Qarhae Medi (peptic ulcers), irritable bowel syndrome, Qaulanj (Colitis) as well as, Zeequn Nafas (asthma), Ziabetus Shakri (diabetes), Sartan (Cancer) and Taqwiyate Manat (enhancement of the immune system), and externally for eczema, dermatitis, sunburn et.. After analysis of literature review of classical text and scientific papers, it is shown some remarkable pharmacological activities such as Mushil (purgative), Mulayyin (Laxative), Dafe Iltehab (anti-inflammatory), Dafe Ziabetus (Hypoglycemic), Dafe Sartan (anticancer), Taqwiyate Qalb (Cardioprotective), Mundamile Qurooh (Anti-ulcer), anti-aging effect, antiviral, antioxidant, antiseptic and moisturizing. This review is an endeavor to emphasize the various traditional uses as well as pharmacological information on Elva.
... Aloe vera has been used in folk medicine for over 2000 years and has remained an important component in the traditional medicine of many contemporary cultures, such as China, India, the West Indies and Japan (Radha and Laxmipriya 2015). Aloe vera is stem less or sometimes may be a very short-stemmed succulent plant growing up to 60-100 cm tall and has thick, fleshy green leaves with some varieties showing white flecks on the upper and lower stem surfaces (Irshad et al. 2011). It is a perennial succulent xerophyte, which develops water storage tissue in the leaves to allow it to survive in dry areas of low or erratic rainfall, and the innermost part of the leaf has a clear, soft, moist and slippery tissue that consists of large thin-walled parenchyma cells in which water is held in the form of vicious mucilage (Nejatzadeh-barandozi 2013). ...
... Vimalraj et al. [50] found antibacterial effect of ethanol extract of Cassia fistula against Staphylococcus aureus. Irshad et al. [51] found zone of inhibition for ethanol extract of Aloe barbadensis against E.coli, Bacillus subtilis which appreciated our work. ...
Aims: To identify and characterize Citrus Huanglongbing disease causing pathogen Candidatus
Liberibacter asiaticus and to evaluate its biological control using medicinal plant extracts.
Study Design: The study was designed based on standard laboratory protocol.
Place and Duration of Study: Professor Joarder DNA and Chromosome Research Lab,Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205,
Bangladesh between June 2015 and September 2016.
Methodology: Causal pathogen of Citrus Huanglongbing disease was isolated from infected
leaves. Different types of biochemical and morphological characterizations of Candidatus
Liberibacter asiaticus were done. 16S rDNA primers (27F and 1391R) were used to amplify
genomic DNA of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus. Sequencing of 16S rDNA sequence of
Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus were performed. Sensitivity pattern of Candidatus Liberibacter
asiaticus against several standard antibiotics were done. Antimicrobial activity test was observed
using two solvents extracts of four medicinal plants by disc diffusion method in vitro condition.
Results: Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus showed positive and negative response to different
biochemical test. Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus showed gram negative in gram staining test.
Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus showed highest 35±0.5 mm and lowest 8±0.2 mm zone of
inhibition against amoxycillin and kanamycin respectively. Approximately 1300bp band was found
in PCR amplification and phylogenetic tree analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence of Candidatus
Liberibacter asiaticus showed 75% similarity with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus strain 374.15.
Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus showed highest 16±0.5 mm diameter of zone of inhibition at 60
µg/ml concentration for ethanol extract of Cuscuta reflexa.
Conclusion: This study will be helpful for proper identification, characterization and control of
Citrus Huanglo
... ɷ ʇ @ ʇɷ ʀ ɸɳ ʀ ɳ @ < ʀ ɮ ʈ ɳ Aspergillus niger ʈ A. flavus ʇ ʀ ʆɳ ʀʀ ɳ ) Arunkumar & Muthuselavam, 2009 ( . ʀʀ ʇɷ >ɷɸ ʀ ʇ ʀ ʀ ʈ ʀ ɳ < ʀ ɮ @ ɳ @ @ Escherichia coli >ɳ ʀ ʈ ʇ ʀ ʀ ʀ ɷ ʆɳ ʄ ʇ ɺɷɳ ɳ ) Irshad et al., 2011 .( ʀ ɷ> ʀ @ >ɳ ʀ ɳ> @ ʀ ʇ ʀ ʀ ʀ ɳ >ɷɸ ʀ ʀ ) Salar & Suchitra 2009 ( . ...
In this study, the growth inhibiion potential of methanol, ethanol, acetone, and chloroform extracts of rind, gel,
latex and whole leaf of Aloe vera was evaluated using agar diffusion disc method. The bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity were also tested by minimal inhibitive and bactericidal concentration methods. Results showed that all leaf parts of A. vera had antibacterial potential. Methanol could release more growth inhibitory substances than other solvents studied in disc diffusion method. Results also showed that chloroform released the lowest amount of bacteriostatic and bactericidal substances. Leaf gel showed more bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities than other leaf parts of the plant. In total, 31 chemicals were identified using gas chromatography, of which 25 were found in latex. Some antibacterial substances such as cinnamic acid, tetradecanoid acid, 2-hydroxy propionate, sitosterol, carvone, lupeol, 1-heptanol, 2-propyle, 1, 2-banzan di-carboxylic acid were found in different parts of A. vera leaf. Based on the overall results, the antibacterial activity of A. vera against the pathogenic bacteria can be considered as a biocontrol potential in the future.
... Sterols including campesterol B sitosterol and lupeol are believed to have anti-inflammatory properties that aid in the coordination of wound healing activities. 21 ...
Aloe vera Mill., (locally known as Ghrito kumari in Sanskrit) is a member of the lily family, it’s the most impressive medicinal herb invented by nature, Aloe Vera has fast become one of the most commonly used plants in herbal cosmetics and medicines. Whether its creams, gels, lotions, shower gels or just plain Aloe Vera juice, it has become a subject of interest because of its beneficial effects on human health. Aloe Vera did not prove to have much official standings for a long time, people are now realising its importance in many medical sectors. Aloe Vera gel is widely used for skin treatments such as burns or bruises. Additionally, Aloe Vera plants are used in many cosmetic materials and are also consumed as a health drink. But since researchers are still finding more benefits and it has been so far restricted only traditionaly system of medicine.
... Additionally, a study by Stanley et al. reported the minimum inhibitory concentration of the aqueous extract of Aloe vera as 0.25 mg/mL (12). Irshad (13) stated that the methanolic extract of Aloe vera had the max-imum antibacterial activity; although, in our study, the aqueous extract was the best. In 2012, Athiban (14) reported that Aloe vera was indeed effective as a GP decontaminant, which is comparable to the results of our study. ...
Background: Resistance to antibiotics is a growing worldwide problem. The inappropriate use of antibiotics has rendered some strains of bacteria resistant to antimicrobial drugs, making the treatment of infections much more difficult. However, many herbs and their derivatives are effective against drug resistant microbes. Objectives: The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of an Aloe vera extract on the morphological and physiological properties of Escherichia coli. Patients and Methods: A clinical isolate of E. coli was obtained from a patient harboring a urinary tract infection (UTI), and was identified using biochemical and microbiological methods. Aqueous extracts of Aloe vera were prepared, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract was determined for E. coli via the microdilution method. The bacterium, at a concentration of 1.5 × 10⁸ cells/mL, was exposed to the MIC of the extract. Then, the morphology of the cells was studied using optical microscopy, and the physiological properties were studied using biochemical testing and differential culture media. Results: The MIC of the Aloe vera extract was 2.23 mg/mL, and was able to prevent the growth of E. coli. The morphological examination of the bacteria exposed to the extract at the MIC revealed that the cells were shrunken, the concentration was reduced, the number of coccobacilli was increased, and the staining property of this bacteria changed (P < 0.0001). In addition, the extract caused a 76% reduction in the bacterial cell number, in comparison to the control (P < 0.0001), and a change in the physiological properties and growth of the bacteria. Conclusions: This study showed that Aloe vera has antibacterial effects against E. coli, and can result in structural and physiological changes in this bacterium.
Introduction
Hospitalized patients develop oral dysbiosis due to their inability to follow proper oral hygiene practices. Literature shows the association between oral dysbiosis and aspiration-induced pneumonia among hospitalized patients. Natural plant extracts are proving to be promising prospects as an antimicrobial agent replacing conventional antibiotics. Therefore, our study is based on the antimicrobial efficacy of two natural plant extracts in their gel forms against oral dysbiosis in hospitalized patients.
Objective
To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of two herbal gel extracts against opportunistic bacteria.
Subjects and Methods
The experimental products of two gel-type plant extracts were selected – Thymus vulgaris and Aloe vera ( A. vera ). The antimicrobial activity of natural agents against opportunistic aspiration pneumonia-inducing bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Escherichia coli , and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was comparatively analyzed based on the inhibition zone diameter using the agar disk-diffusion method.
Results
Among the experimental groups, only A. vera gel showed an inhibitory effect against three bacteria with the maximum inhibitory effect on S . aureus (inhibition zone diameter – 20.36 mm).
Conclusion
A. vera natural gel extracts may be used as potential antimicrobial agents for the oral management of hospitalized patients to prevent aspiration-induced pneumonia.
Human onchocerciasis is caused by the filarial worm. Onchocerca volvulus is a parasite that forms nodules under the skin. The aim of this work was to assess the nematicidal activities of Aloe vera on Onchocerca ochengi and Caenorahbditis elegans and to determine the phytochemical compounds. Nodules were collected from the umbilical region of infected cattle, dissected and male worms were cultured in RPMI-1640. Worms were incubated with different concentrations of A. vera extracts in RPMI-1640 and M9-buffer. Polyphenol, tannin and flavonoid contents of extract were determined by using gallic acid and rutin as standards. The anthelmintic effect of A. vera extract against O. ochengi was concentration dependent with LC50 of 20.71 µg/mL and 11.75 µg/mL after 48 and 72 h respectively. A. vera extract exerted concentration dependent lethal effects (LC50 = 2747 and LC50 = 31,937 µg/mL) against C. elegans (Wild Type). Methanolic-methylene chloride (MeOH–CH2Cl2) of A. vera extract exhibited high DPPH activity with an IC50 value of 15 µg/mL and 9 µg/mL for ascorbic acid. The highest activity in adult worms was observed with the MeOH (100: 0) and AcOEtMeOH fractions with LC50 values of 12.82 and 15.50 µg/mL respectively. EcOEtMeOH (8:2 v/v) was more effective (LC50 = 250 µg/mL) on WT of C. elegans. A. vera contains polyphenols (1015.05 and AcOEtMeOH = 893.60), flavonoids (25.35 and MeOH = 225.76) and tannins (401.37 and Hex = 788.89). A. vera showed in vitro nematicidal activity against O. ochengi and C. elegans. A. vera could be used as an alternative anthelmintic for onchocerciasis treatment.
The first objective of this study was to investigate the anti bacterial activities of Aloe Vera using methanol extract of Aloe Vera gel (MEAG), ethanol extract of Aloe Vera gel (EEAG) and acetone extract of Aloe Vera gel (AEAG). Their inhibition zones were put in the order of AEAG (21-32 mm) > Combination (12-16 mm) > EEAG (11-14 mm) > MEAG (0-6 mm). The minimum inhibition zone was observed with methanol extract i.e. 6 mm for Bacillus subtilis and no clear zone is formed for E. coli rather than intermediate zone. Thus, both E. coli and bacillus bacterial strains are more resistive against MEAG than AEAG and EEAG. The second objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-oxidant activities of AVES using reducing and chelating activities of Aloe Vera. The inhibition efficiency of Aloe Vera extract (AVES) increased from 21.5% up to 75.56% on increasing of its concentration from 5 mg/Kg to 40 mg/Kg. This result indicates that Aloe extract provided a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals.
An exploratory study based on laboratory experiment was carried out to determine the antibacterial effect of Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) extract of Aloe vera leaf gel (DAE) against standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in the Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics in collaboration with the Department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. DMSO extract was used in five different concentrations (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 μg/ml). Dose dependent inhibitory effect was seen against the test organisms using disc diffusion method. Zone of inhibition (ZOI) were 8 mm, 13 mm, 15 mm, 16 mm and 21 mm against S. aureus; 0 mm, 8 mm, 13 mm, 15 mm and 18 mm against P. aeruginosa; 8 mm, 11 mm, 13 mm, 16 mm and 20 mm against E. coli; 0 mm, 9 mm, 12 mm, 14 mm and 18 mm against K. pneumoniae at 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 μg/ml respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was assessed by broth dilution technique. The MICs of DAE for S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli and K. pneumoniae were 300 μg/ml, 400 μg/ml, 400 μg/ml and 450 μg/ml respectively. From the study it was observed that DMSO extract of Aloe vera leaf gel possesses antibacterial effect against the test pathogens. The findings highlight the need for further extensive study to detect and isolate the biologically active ingredients present in the Aloe vera leaves which are responsible for antibacterial effect. Hopefully, that would lead to the discovery of new and more potent antimicrobial agents originated from Aloe vera. Mediscope Vol. 7, No. 2: July 2020, Page 67-74
Lidah Buaya (Aloe vera) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang digunakan sebagai obat. Lidah buaya mempunyai berbagai khasiat, salah satunya sebagai antibakteri. Adanya efek antibakteri pada lidah buaya karena lidah buaya mengandung senyawa antibakteri seperti saponin, tannin dan flavonoid. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak lidah buaya dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri gram positif dan gram negatif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efek antibakteri ekstrak lidah buaya terhadap pertumbuhan Escherichia coli. Ekstrak etanol lidah buaya dibuat dengan menggunakan lidah buaya segar dalam lima konsentrasi (6,25%, 12,5%, 25%, 50% dan 100%) yang diuji daya hambatnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan bakteri Escherichia coli yang dibiakkan dalam tiga agar dan diuji menggunakan metode difusi. Didapatkan bahwa tidak terdapatnya daerah bening disekitar cakram yang telah mengandung ekstrak lidah buaya pada semua konsentrasi. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah ekstrak aloe vera tidak mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli.
Background: Older adult patients who underwent hernia surgery commonly get obstacles in the process of wound healing as a result of decline of body functions. Aloe vera which contains of anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and skin fibroblasts stimulator, can be used as adjunctive therapy in treating wounds.
Objective: This study aimed to identify the effect of aloe vera extract and discharge planning to accelerate wound healing of older adult hernia surgery patients at dr. R. Soedarsono General Hospital, Pasuruan.
Method: This study uses Quasi-Experimental with Static-group comparison approach. The population is all post-operative hernia patients aged 55-65 years at the operating room of dr. R. Soedarsono General Hospital, Pasuruan. The sample consists of 20 respondents taken according to the inclusion criteria. The independent variable is the treatment of wounds using aloe vera extract accompanied by discharge planning, while the dependent variable was the acceleration of wound healing especially inflammatory and proliferation phases. The data were collected through observation of macroscopic current wound care. Data were analyzed using nonparametric Mann Whitney test with significance level of < 0.05.
Result: The results showed the effect of the treatment using aloe vera extract and discharge planning to accelerate wound healing of older adult hernia surgery patients, the inflammatory phase of healing occurs on the sixth day for inflammation, exudation, and edema (p = 0.022, p = 0.028, and p = 0.029, respectively). The proliferative phase occurs on day three with p = 0.015.
Conclusion: This research indicates further research on the benefits of aloe vera and discharge planning for wound healing especially in older adult patients is required. Thus, a stronger basis for recommending aloe vera extract as complementary therapy for wound care is available.
Key words: Aloe Vera, Discharge Planning, Surgical Wound, Older Adults Age.
Lidah Buaya (Aloe vera) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang digunakan sebagai obat. Lidah buaya mempunyai berbagai khasiat, salah satunya sebagai antibakteri. Adanya efek antibakteri pada lidah buaya karena lidah buaya mengandung senyawa antibakteri seperti saponin, tannin dan flavonoid. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak lidah buaya dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri gram positif dan gram negatif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efek antibakteri ekstrak lidah buaya terhadap pertumbuhan Escherichia coli. Ekstrak etanol lidah buaya dibuat dengan menggunakan lidah buaya segar dalam lima konsentrasi (6,25%, 12,5%, 25%, 50% dan 100%) yang diuji daya hambatnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan bakteri Escherichia coli yang dibiakkan dalam tiga agar dan diuji menggunakan metode difusi. Didapatkan bahwa tidak terdapatnya daerah bening disekitar cakram yang telah mengandung ekstrak lidah buaya pada semua konsentrasi. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah ekstrak aloe vera tidak mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli.
Introduction:
Natural herbal remedies have shown promising anti-microbial property and fewer side effects compared to synthetic anti-microbial therapy. Aloe Vera is a medicinal plant used for management of various infections since ancient times as it has anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and immune-boosting properties.
Aim:
The aim of the present study was to determine the anti-microbial and inhibitory activities of various concentration of Aloe Vera Gel (AVG) against oral pathogenic bacteria.
Materials and methods:
Subgingival calculus and aspiration of periapical abscess and periodontal abscess was done in 20 patients and the sample transferred to thioglycolate broth, which was incubated in Mutans Sanguis agar, blood agar and cultured in anaerobic gas chamber. The colonies formed were identified further by gram staining methods and biochemical fermentation tests (IMViC). Each isolated colony of identified bacteria were cultured separately in Muller-Hilton broth and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. Anti-microbial activity of the AVG was tested by the disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by broth micro-dilution method.
Result:
Various staining and biochemical tests confirmed that the sample contained Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans), Clostridium bacilli (C. bacilli), Streptcoccus mutans (S. mutans) and Staphlococcus aureus (Staph. aureus). AVG showed anti-bacterial property at 100% and 50% concentration ('t' value = 7.504, p-value <0.001). At lower concentration there was no effect against the bacteria. At 100% AVG concentration, zone of inhibition measured was 6.9mm in A. actinomycetemcomitans, 6.3mm in C. bacilli, 6.8mm in S. mutans and 6.6mm in Staph. aureus. The standard drugs were also used to compare anti-bacterial property of AVG. Result showed that higher concentration (100%, 50%) of AVG has comparable zone of inhibition with Ofloxacin (5mcg) and Ciprofloxacin (30mcg).
Conclusion:
AVG at higher concentration showed anti-bacterial property and can be used as a promising adjunct for oral health care.
Tindakan ekstraksi gigi menyebabkan terjadinya luka sehingga akan melibatkan proses penyembuhan luka pada jaringan. Salah satu tahap penting dari proses penyembuhan luka pasca esktraksi gigi adalah terbentuknya serabut kolagen. Lidah buaya (Aloe barbadensis Miller) mengandung saponin, vitamin C dan acemannan yang diduga membantu
proses pembentukan serabut kolagen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak lidah buaya terhadap kepadatan serabut kolagen pada proses penyembuhan luka pasca ekstraksi gigi marmut (Cavia porcellus). Lidah buaya yang digunakan berasal dari Sleman, Yogyakarta. Pembuatan ekstrak menggunakan metode maserasi dan pelarut air. Selanjutnya, dua puluh tujuh ekor marmut dibagi ke dalam kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok perlakuan terdiri dari kelompok ekstrak lidah buaya 45% dan 90%. Ekstrak lidah buaya sebanyak 0,05ml diteteskan kedalam soket gigi marmut pasca ekstraksi gigi pada kelompok perlakuan. Soket gigi marmut kelompok kontrol tidak diberi aplikasi zat aktif apapun. Tiga ekor subjek dari masing-masing kelompok dikorbankan pada hari ke-3, 7, dan 14 setelah ekstraksi gigi. Preparat histologis kepadatan kolagen soket gigi marmut diamati dengan menggunakan mikroskop cahaya perbesaran 400x. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan dilanjutkan
dengan uji Post Hoc menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney untuk membandingkan kepadatan kolagen antar kelompok pasca ekstraksi gigi marmut. Hasil uji statistik antar kelompok menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak lidah buaya 90% berpengaruh pada pembentukan serabut kolagen jika dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (p
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