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Abstract
This study evaluated the anti-obesity effect of soluble and insoluble oat dietary fiber on high-fat diet-induced obese mice. 60 mice were first fed with high-fat diet to establish obesity model. Then, obese mice were fed with high-fat diet that contains different doses(7.33 and 14.67 g kg-1 BW d-1) of oat soluble (SDF) and insoluble (IDF) dietary fiber. Other mice fed with normal diet and high-fat diet were used as normal control (NC) group and obesity model group, respectively. Variation of related indexes was measured.It suggested that both SDF and IDF oat dietary fibers significantly decreased the Lee's Index (P<0.05), especially for IDF. Besides, they could promote the fat breakdown (P<0.05) and improve the activity of hormone sensitive lipase (P<0.05). The fasting serum insulin level declined significantly (P<0.05) compared with model group, meanwhile, and the thyroid stimulating hormone level significantly increased (P<0.05), and SDF were more effective (P<0.05). In addition, the hepatic Index and the hepatic lipid levels including TC and TG were decreased (P<0.05), while the activity of hepatic lipase (HL) and LPL were (P<0.05) increased. However, compared with normal control group, significant difference was indicated (P<0.05), and SDF was more effective. The present results showed that oat SDF and IDF were beneficial to anti-obesity with dose effects, but function channel was varied. ©, 2015, Editorial Department, Chinese Cereals and Oils Association. All right reserved.
Whole grains may be processed efficiently and innovatively to create products that would be considered as healthy. A multigrain functional beverage using whole grains like barley, oats, buckwheat and red rice can be prepared. Multigrains that contain whole grains
are rich in vitamins B. complex carbohydrates (starch and fiber), and minerals. The complex carbohydrates, specifically soluble fiber, help in the slow and sustained release of energy whereas the B-vitamins and minerals facilitate metabolism. Whole grains are also plentiful in phenolic compounds which have antioxidant capacities. This review deals with the application of different cereals used in the preparation of beverages
Soluble fibers lower serum lipids, but are difficult to incorporate into products acceptable to consumers. We investigated the physiological effects of a concentrated oat beta-glucan on cardiovascular disease (CVD) endpoints in human subjects. We also compared the fermentability of concentrated oat beta-glucan with inulin and guar gum in a model intestinal fermentation system.
Seventy-five hypercholesterolemic men and women were randomly assigned to one of two treatments: 6 grams/day concentrated oat beta-glucan or 6 grams/day dextrose (control). Fasting blood samples were collected at baseline, week 3, and week 6 and analyzed for total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, homocysteine and C-reactive protein (CRP). To estimate colonic fermentability, 0.5 g concentrated oat beta-glucan was incubated in a batch model intestinal fermentation system, using human fecal inoculum to provide representative microflora. Fecal donors were not involved with the beta-glucan feeding trial. Inulin and guar gum were also incubated in separate serum bottles for comparison.
Oat beta-glucan produced significant reduction from baseline in total cholesterol (-0.3 +/- 0.1 mmol/L) and LDL cholesterol (-0.3 +/- 0.1 mmol/L), and the reduction in LDL cholesterol were significantly greater than in the control group (p = 0.03). Concentrated oat beta-glucan was a fermentable fiber and produced total SCFA and acetate concentrations similar to inulin and guar gum. Concentrated oat beta-glucan produced the highest concentrations of butyrate at 4, 8, and 12 hours.
Six grams concentrated oat beta-glucan per day for six weeks significantly reduced total and LDL cholesterol in subjects with elevated cholesterol, and the LDL cholesterol reduction was greater than the change in the control group. Based on a model intestinal fermentation, this oat beta-glucan was fermentable, producing higher amounts of butyrate than other fibers. Thus, a practical dose of beta-glucan can significantly lower serum lipids in a high-risk population and may improve colon health.