The Effect of Nutritional and Homeopathic Treatments Versus Exclusive Nutritional Treatments in Patients with Obesity or Overweight

Abstract

Evaluate the influence of using a nutritional treatment accompanied by a homeopathic treatment for weight reduction. A prospective comparative quasi-experimental study was conducted, in 30 people with obesity or overweight who were subjected to a nutritional treatment accompanied by a homeopathic treatment and a control group integrated by 30 people who were subjected to an exclusive nutritional treatment. The sampling method was probability, randomizing subject types. When comparing the weight loss to the difference of the initial weight and final weight registered in both groups, it was found that in the group which had a unique nutritional treatment, the average weight loss was 0.776 kg with a standard deviation equal to 0.910, while in the group that received a nutritional treatment accompanied by homeopathy the result was 2.257 kg with a standard deviation of 1.625. Through an analysis of mean difference concerning theweight loss, the group with nutritional treatment and the group with nutritional treatmentand homeopathy obtained a P=0.000, because the value is < 0.05 there is a significant difference, detecting that the loss of weight was greater in the group of nutritional treatment complimented with homeopathic treatment, but when comparing the BMI there is no significant difference detected since the p= 0.497 is > 0.05 The use of a homeopathic treatment accompanied by a nutritional treatment has better results in the reduction of weight.

Full text

Biomedical & Pharmacology Journal Vol. 7(2), (2014)
The Effect of Nutritional and Homeopathic Treatments Versus
Exclusive Nutritional Treatments in Patients with Obesity or
Overweight
DEL CASTILLO SALAZAR GÓMEZ MARÍA PAOLA1,
PEÑA CISNEROS ERIK MISAEL2 and RUVALCABA LEDEZMA JESÚS CARLOS3*
1Nutrition Counselor, Atemajac Valley University, Student of the Master of
Clinical Nutrition UAD Autonomous University of Durango.
2Professor Researcher (UNAG) Anthropological University of Guadalajara,
in the Degree in Homeopathy. Jalisco, Mexico.
3PhD. In Public Health Sciences, Full time Research Professor in the Academic Area of Medicine and
Professor of the Master’s Degree in Public Health, Coordinator of the Master’s Degree in Health
Sciences with emphasis on Public Health (ICSa-UAEH) Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous
University of the State of Hidalgo, Mexico. and at UAD Autonomous University of Durango. Los Mochis
Sinaloa Mexico
(Received: August 10, 2014; accepted: November 05, 2014)
ABSTRACT
Evaluate the influence of using a nutritional treatment accompanied by a homeopathic
treatment for weight reduction. A prospective comparative quasi-experimental study was conducted,
in 30 people with obesity or overweight who were subjected to a nutritional treatment accompanied
by a homeopathic treatment and a control group integrated by 30 people who were subjected to an
exclusive nutritional treatment. The sampling method was probability, randomizing subject types.
When comparing the weight loss to the difference of the initial weight and final weight registered in
both groups, it was found that in the group which had a unique nutritional treatment, the average
weight loss was 0.776 kg with a standard deviation equal to 0.910, while in the group that received
a nutritional treatment accompanied by homeopathy the result was 2.257 kg with a standard
deviation of 1.625. Through an analysis of mean difference concerning theweight loss,the group
with nutritional treatment and the group with nutritional treatmentand homeopathy obtained a
P=0.000, because the value is < 0.05 there is a significant difference, detecting that the loss of
weight was greater in the group of nutritional treatment complimented with homeopathic treatment,
but when comparing the BMI there is no significant difference detected since the p= 0.497 is > 0.05
The use of a homeopathic treatment accompanied by a nutritional treatment has better results in
the reduction of weight.
Key words: Nutritional treatment, Homeopathic treatment,
Obesity, Overweight, Weight reduction.
INTRODUCTION
Obesity is a pandemic affecting over 300
million people worldwide. Nowadays, it contributes,
to a number close to 200,000 deaths per year in
our country, Mexico1. Obesity, overweight and
related diseases are largely avoidable. We know
exactly what the causes are and how to prevent
them; overweight and obesity can be treated and if
carried out with proper monitoring and treatment, it
is easy to eradicate them. Obesity is defined as a
complex, multifactorial disease that results from the
interaction between the genotype and the
environment. As it has been described,it is the result
of the integration of various factors such as the
environment, culture, physiology, metabolism and
genetics2.According to figures from the Ministry of
Health, every hour 12 people die in Mexico as a

2
result of cardiovascular diseases, seven due to
diabetes and seven due to problems caused by
neoplasms3.
There are several methods for the
treatment of obesity. Homeopathy is a gentle
effective method for treating diseases and ailments.
It is of holistic nature, which means that, in order to
decide the treatment it requires to take into account
the whole person, as well as the disease or the
specific problem. Drugs or medicines that are used
consist of small doses of natural substances
extracted from plants, animals or minerals4.
Nutrition is important formaintaining the
state of healthat a preventive and curative level,
improving the quality of life. Although this is
something that has been known for centuries, the
reality is that human beings eat worseevery time.
Most schemes promise immediate results without
regard to whether a particular method is ideal for
those who will use it4. Nutrition is a process through
which the body uses nutrients from food. A nutrient
is a substance that usually comes from the diet
involved in metabolic processes5. Healthy eating
allows the individual maintaining an optimal state
of health, while allowing the practice of different
activities. History is full of episodes that demonstrate
man’s efforts to preserve or restore health by a
certain feeding. Behind a dietary practice there is
always a justification, a certain doctrine or set of
beliefs that relate to food and the human body in
both, health status and diseases6.
A healthy and proper diet must comply with
the following characteristics: comprehensive,
balanced, innocuous, enough, varied, and
appropriate5.
A nutritional treatment is the one the
individual usually performs daily and allows the
preservation of health, which is defined by the
World Health Organization (WHO) as this full
biopsychosocial well-being of the person7.
Nutritional treatment considers that food should:
´ Provide the individual the necessary
nutrients for growth, development and proper
functioning.
´ Be an emotional satisfaction for the ones
who prepare it by experiencing the selection
and preparation of food, the consumption of
the food for its taste, color, smell, texture and
presentation.
´ Coexist in a pleasant climate during specific
times, without tension and allow human
living together7.
The short and medium term goals of nutrition
treatments are defined as:
´ Maintain the optimal nutritional status of the
individual at pathophysiological
circumstances.
´ Correctnutritional deficiencies that arise.
´ Get obese and / or malnourished people a
healthy weight range and keep it. Avoid
weight loss.
´ Provide physiological rest to the affected
organ (if necessary).
´ Provide energy and other nutrients required
by the body in sufficient quantity.
´ Provide nutritional orientation to individuals
and their families.
´ Offer an attractive sensory feeding.
´ Ensure that meals are made in a special
place and accompanied, preferably with
family or the group to which the person
belongs.
In theory, one kilogram of body fat is
equivalent to 7,000 kcal, so that an energy deficit of
7,000 kcal produces a decrease of one kg of body
fat. Therefore, to decrease about half kg per week
is recommended weekly energy deficit of 3,500 kcal
or 500 kcal per day7.
The distribution of energy substrates will
be normal and adequate vitamins and minerals.
The proteins are 10-15% of the GET, 20-25% lipids,
and carbohydrates 50-55%. Consume 3-5 meals a
day7.
Obesity, a public health problem.
About 12,000 years ago some human
groups changed the hunter-gatherer food
production habit, this change required the
domestication of plants and animals; this economic
transformation, known as the Neolithic revolution,
can be considered as the most important event in
human history and the distant history of modern
societies that promote obesity, since it allowed the

3
population growth and the evolution towards
complex and civilized societies8. In several human
cultures, obesity was associated with physical
attractiveness, strength and fertility. In cultures where
food was scarce, so being obese was a symbol of
wealth and social status. This was also true in
European cultures. Then it was most visible sign of
“lust for life”, appetite and immersion in the kingdom
of the erotic. This meaning was used particularly in
the visual arts8,9. It is until the second half of the
twentieth century when it makes a sustained and
growing effort to improve therapeutic results in the
necessary struggle to treat obesity. Dietary advice
and increased exercise are still the essential
recommendations, as in ancient times. Behavior
modification, psychological treatment and use of
drugs are methods that can be useful for many
patients. Bariatric surgery to treat selected cases of
morbid obesity has been a growing boom. In this
century, the data concerning the increased
prevalence of obesity is worrying8,20, 21.
Therefore, obesity is a current public
health problem whose prevalence increases in
most countries worrying both health workers and
sociologists, anthropologists and professionals of
the oda and constitute a major health problem7.
The WHO defines overweight as a BMI equal to or
higher than 25 kg/m2, and obesity as a BMI equal
to or higher than 30 kg/m2. These thresholds provide
Table. 1: Operational definition of variables

4
a benchmark for individual assessment, but there
is evidence that the risk of chronic disease in
populations increases progressively from a BMI of
21 kg/m210,20, 21.
The fundamental cause of obesity and
overweight is an imbalance between energy intake
and caloric expenditure. Global increases in
overweight and obesity are attributable to several
factors, among which:
´ The global modification in diet, with a trend
towards increased intake of energy-dense
foods high in fat and sugars but low in
vitamins, minerals and other micronutrients.
´ The trend towards decreased physical
activity due to the increasingly sedentary
nature of many forms of work, changing
modes of transportation, and increasing
urbanization. Overweight and obesity lead
to serious health consequences. The risk
increases as progressively as BMI does.
Elevated BMI is an important risk factor for
chronic diseases such as:
´ Cardiovascular disease (mainly heart
disease and stroke), which are already the
leading cause of death worldwide, with 17
million deaths every year.
´ Diabetes, which has rapidly become a
global epidemic. The WHO projects that
diabetes deaths will increase worldwide in
more than 50% over the next 10 years.
´ Diseases of the musculoskeletal system,
particularly arthrosis.
´ Some cancers, such as endometrial, breast
and colon10.
Obesity, overweight and related chronic
diseases, are largely avoidable. At the individual
level, people can:
´ Achieve energy balance and a healthy
weight.
´ Reduce the intake of calories from fats and
shift fat consumption away from saturated
fats to unsaturated fats.
´ Increase consumption of fruits and
vegetables, legumes, whole grains and dried
fruits.
´ Reduce intake of sugars.
´ Increase physical activity (at least 30 minutes
of regular physical activity of moderate
intensity, most days)10. Genetic and
environmental factors may play a role in the
pathogenesis of obesity in certain
individuals11.
There are several classifications of
obesity, some of them completely obsolete and
other with little pathophysiological significance
despite being very used, such as dividing the
endogenous and exogenous obesity6.
Another classification quite used takes into
account morphological types, such as the basis of
the fat mass of the man and woman which are
different, not only in quantity but also in their
distribution. Thus, the male has 12-20% of fat and
20-30% in the women. Based on this concept, we
will divide the android and gynecoid obesity, and
even as hyperplastic and hypertrophic obesity and
mixed (6). Its complications are vascular diseases,
diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, respiratory
diseases, neoplastic, osteoarticular and other
diseases which incite to consider a periodic review
conducted at least annually or, going to the
preventive medicine service or the family doctor.
Homeopathy for the problem of obesity
Homeopathy is a relatively new medical
discipline born in Germany with Dr. Hahnemann12-
14. In Mexico this discipline comes through a group
of Spanish doctors more or less at the same time
and who attracted the interest of the community at
effective treatments that are less aggressive than
some drugs are to the body. The Catalans trained

5
homeopaths and their Mexican counterpartsin the
first steps in the field of homeopathy in our country
keeping evidence about its effectiveness in relevant
healing. Homeopathy considers the body’s natural
defenses are able to overcome most diseases.
Homeopathic Medicine is an energy medicine type,
in which the individual is taken as a unique and
special being who is able to sense and perceive
the disorders itself, either psychic or physical in a
particular way. Homeopathic treatments seethe
person as a whole, not as an affected or diseased
organ, whereas in the case of obesity homeopathic
medicine will be administered according to the
totality of symptoms and according to the law of
similarity15, 16.
Fundamentals of Homeopathy
The word homeopathy comes from the
Greek homeo - similar and pathos - suffering or
disease. Similar to disease (14). Homeopathy in its
definition is a medical science, a philosophy,
therapeutic and healing art, from the law of similars,
to solve health problems. Stressing on the following
fundamental principles: the Law of Similars, The
morbid and drug individuality14-17 homeopathic
healing mechanisms and laws that rule.
Healing should be seen from the inside
out, from the most important to less important
organs, and in the reverse order of their appearance
(the last to appear will be the first to disappear). In
short, the law states that the first improvement in a
patient is mental in his spirit, character, courage,
decreased anxiety, improvement in his sleep. If there
is a renal, heart, lung or liver disease that improves
before the skin or stomach (provided that he does
not have a fatal disease). The order of appearance
of disease will also be maintained in the patient’s
history and will go in reverse in order to relieve it. If
the patient achieves an improvement, the
homeopath should always do within the Law of
Healing. Otherwise, the improvement will be
temporary and partial, often achieving produce a
general worsening of the patient’s vitality. In other
words, the only possibility of real improvement, must
fall within the Law of Cure; otherwise there will not
be a durable improvement in the patient or his
prognosis is worse18.
Medication
The doctor should seek the specific drug
to his illnessand according to his disease. Each
person will have their own flu, angina or your own
eczema; the patient is going to develop symptoms
and ways that will be considered personal and
which guide the doctor in choosing a specific
homeopathic medicine13. The book of Organon
paragraph 210 states that mental illnesses are not
a separate type of disease clearly of other called
bodily diseases. The frame of mind and the mind
are always altered and in all cases the disease
must be cured, the frame of mind of the patient is of
particular importance with all its symptoms for taking
into account the characteristic symptoms, if we treat
a disease picture that matches reality, that would
enable us to successfully treat homeopathically16-
18
Hypothesis
HT = The use of a nutritional treatment accompanied
by a homeopathic treatment is better for weight loss
than an exclusive nutritional treatment.
H0 = The use of a nutritional treatment accompanied
by a homeopathic treatment does not have better
results for weight reduction that an exclusive
nutritional treatment.
HA = The use of a nutritional treatment accompanied
by a homeopathic treatment has the same results
for weight reduction that an exclusive nutritional
treatment.
Aim.To assess the influence of the use of a
nutritional treatment accompanied by a
homeopathic treatment aimed for weight reduction.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A quasi-experimental study was
conducted among 30 people aging over 18 with
obesity or overweight and 30 women with unique
nutritional treatment, randomly selected.
General plan.
During the first week of the study each
patient was on a nutritional advice date at UNIVA’s
nutritional office, where they answered an interview
with the purpose of collecting their information and
medical histories as well as keeping record of their
weight and height. Subsequently, an individualized

6
nutritional treatment based on the analysis of their
expedient was calculated. Treatment consisted of a
diet by equivalent. Once explained his eating plan
the patient was asked to go to the office of
homeopathy where the homeopath took the case
and made a repertorization in order to determine
the best drug according to the totality of symptoms19.
The patient returned a month later in order to assess
whether there were changes in their weight or not.
Once the results were obtained, an analysis was
conducted in order to compare the two finalweight
reduction schemes. A database in Excel and
statistical analysis in SPSS-13 was also performed.
Bioethical Considerations: This research
comply the required specifications in accordance
with current regulations and legislation of the
General Health Law (DOF 30-05-2008 Last
Table. 1: frequency And Gender Percentage Of Patients With Exclusive Nutritional
Treatment And Nutritional Treatment Accompanied By Homeopathic Treatment
Exclusive Nutritional Nutritional Treatment Accompanied
Treatment By Homeopathic Treatment.
Gender Number Of Persons % Number Of Persons %
Female 20 66.67% 25 83.3%
Male 10 33.33% 5 16.7%
Total 30 100% 30 100%
Source: Direct
Table. 2: Average age, height and body mass index of patients with exclusive
nutritional treatment and nutritional treatment accompanied by homeopathic
treatment
Exclusive Nutritional treatment
nutritional treatment accompanied by homeopathic treatment
Age 0.32 0.28
Size 1.64 1.63
BMI 28.69 28.09
n = 30 n = 30
Source: Direct
Table. 3: Average and standard deviation of the initial and final weight in exclusive
nutritional therapy vs nutritional therapy accompanied by homeopathic treatment.
Exclusive nutritional Nutritional treatment accompanied
treatmentby homeopathic treatment
Initial Final Initial Final
weight weight weight weight
Average 77.09 76.31 74.59 72.34
Standard 13.63 13.11 10.10 9.96
deviation n = 30 n = 30
Source: Direct

7
Reform), fifth title “Health Research”, follows Articles
96 to 103 °. The research subject signed a letter of
informed consent where accepted freely to
participate in the study and claimed to know the
entire research process, also the freedom to
withdraw from the study without prejudice.
RESULTS
The general characteristics that were
considered in the study to establish comparability
regarding the groups were:
Regarding gender, the group with
exclusively Nutritional treatment was formed by 20
women (66.67%) and 10 men (33.33%), while the
group with nutritional treatment accompanied by
homeopathic treatment was formed by 25 women
(83.3%) and 5 men ( 16.7%). (TABLE 1)
Regarding age group for exclusively
nutritional treatment, the minimum age was 18, the
oldest participant was 56 and the average was 32
years old; in group for nutritional treatment
accompanied by homeopathic treatment the
minimum age was 18 years old, maximum 54 and
on average 28 years. In terms of size, the minimum
average of people with unique nutritional treatment
was 1.50 m, the maximum 1.87 m and the average
size was 1.64 m, in the other group the maximum
size recorded was 1.75 m, the minimum 1.53m and
the averagewas 1.63 m. Regarding the body mass
index for patients with unique nutritional treatment
group the average was 28.69 kg/m2 (obesity 1),
the minimum recorded was 25.27 kg/m2
(overweight) and the maximum was 39.85 kg / m2
(Obesity 3). In the other group the average was
28.09 kg/m2 (Obesity 1), the minimum equaled to
24.98 kg/m2 (overweight) and the maximum was
33.79 kg/m2 (Obesity 2). (TABLE 2)
In reference to the weights, the minimum
initial weight of exclusive nutrition treatment group
was 57kg, the maximum was 105.2 kg and the
average was 77.09 kg with a standard deviation of
13.63; in the other group the minimum weight was
60 kg, the maximum of 96 Kg and averaged 74.59
kg with a standard deviation of 10.10. The minimum
Table. 4: Frequency and percentage of most used homeopathic
medicines for weight loss according to the law of similars.
Medicament Potency Frecuency Average
Ignatia amara 200 C 8 26.6%
Natrum muriaticum 200 C 5 16.6%
Calcárea carbónica 200 C y 1000 C 5 16.6%
Nux vómica 200 C y 1000 C 5 16.6%
Lycopodium 200 C 5 16.6%
Phosphorus 200 C 2 6.6%
n = 30
Source:Direct
Table. 5: Weight loss average and standard deviation.
Exclusive nutritional Nutritional treatment
treatment accompanied by homeopathic treatment.
Average 0.776 2.257
Standard deviation 0.910 1.625
n = 30 n = 30
p<0.05
Source: Direct

8
final weight for the group that received only
nutritional treatment was 56.9, the maximum was
102 Kg and 76.31 Kg on average with a standard
deviation of 13.11; in the other group the minimum
final weight was 58 kg, the maximum was 90 kg
and an average of 72.34 kg with a standard
deviation of 9.96. (TABLE 3)
Comparing weight loss based on the
difference of the initial weight and final weight
recorded in both groups, the following was found:
in the group with unique nutritional treatment the
average weight loss was 0.776 kg with a standard
deviation of 0.910 , whereas in the group that
received nutritional treatment accompanied by
homeopathy the result was of 2,257 kg with a
standard deviation of 1.625. (TABLE 5)
The drugs most commonly used in the
homeopathic treatment were: Ignatia amara to the
potency of 200 C with a frequency equal to 8 and a
percentage of 26.6%. Natrum muriaticum and
Calcarea carbonicato the potency of 200 C and
1000 C, with a frequency equal to 5, and a
percentage of 16.6% each one; Nux vomica and
Lycopodium to the potency of 200 C, with a
frequency equal to 5 and with a percentage of
16.6% each one and Phosphorus to the potency of
200 C, with a frequency equal to 2 and a
percentage of 6.6%. (TABLE 4)
Through an analysis of mean difference
regarding weight loss of the nutritional treatment
group and the group with nutritional treatment and
homeopathy a P = 0.000 was obtained, since the
value is <0.05, a significant difference exists,
detecting the greatest loss of weight in the group
with nutritional treatments accompanied by
homeopathic treatments, but when compared the
BMI no significant difference was detected because
the value is p = 0.497> 0.05, so that Hi is accepted.
(TABLE 5)
DISCUSSION
Regarding homeopathic treatment in the
course of therapy, there are several ways to
administer treatment but in the orthodox
homeopathy, the mental symptoms are the most
important, the emotional field is the center of the
homeopathic action and is the most important
essence since the law of similars,hence people who
were included in the present investigation werealso
treated from their emotional symptomatology.
Unfortunately, there have been some
pseudohomeopathswho handle very low potencies
and without considering strictly the emotional level.
On the other hand, it should be noted that
Ignatia amara is an acute drug where the sadness
and the question is overeating by nerves, Natrum
muriaticum is chronic drug of Ignatia amara, where
its essence is resentment, rancor, mental rumination
result of the evolution of Ignatia amara, Calcarea
carbonic in its essence is the slowness in everything
patients do, their metabolism is slow and
emotionally slowness appears in their
achievements with troubles all the time, Phosphorus
itself is a very good person, but he gets angry and
finally Nux vomica is eating and overeating, it is
bossy and demanding with those around him.
Moreover. one must think in general that
there must be a drug that could burn fat as well as
Fucus vesiculosus, but then when prescribing this
drug it would come out of the canons of
homeopathic philosophy, unless the person is in
an emotional status that matches the law of
similarities.
Finally, the drugs used in this investigation
may have been more varied, but the results
obtained reflect the frequency and a logic based
on the homeopathic treatment as determining to
considering the totality of symptoms and mental
symptoms from the emotional plane of the patient
and including his character, sleep and his
relationship to his family, himself and towards the
society, because obesity is not an acute health
problem but it is a chronic health problem. It is worth
mentioning that, homeopathic research on this topic
is practically null.
CONCLUSIONS
The use of a nutritional treatment
accompanied by a homeopathic treatment is better
for weight loss than an exclusive nutritional
treatment, the working hypothesis is accepted

9
The homeopathic medicine that is used
most frequently in the study group was Ignatia
amara and was also the most effective in terms of
weight loss.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors of the present research article
would like to acknowledge and truly thank the
collaboration of Zamora López María del Carmen,
forher contributions on the translation of the article
and Yesenia Elizabeth Ruvalcaba Cobián for her
contributions on the proofreading of the article;
situation which allows the possibility to increase
the transferring and modification of scientific
knowledge.
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