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Faunal regions and the diversity of Lepidoptera
... Lepidoptera is one of the major insect orders, both in size and numbers, with around 160,000 species described in more than 120 families, and popularity, with many amateur and professional entomologists studying the order, particularly butterflies. Three of the four suborders contain few species and do not have the proboscidae characteristic of the larger suborder, Glossata, which includes the Ditrysia series, with many species, defined by unique abdominal characteristics, especially in the genitalia (Heppner, 1991). ...
... Caterpillars have false legs on their abdomen, with hooks at the base that hold food. The abdomen of adults is elongated and covered with scales, and the genitalia is the external sexual apparatus ( Figure 3) (Gaston, 1991;Heppner, 1991;Becker, 2000;Kristensen, 2003;Dias, 2006;Farias, 2013;Heikkilä et al., 2014). ...
... Butterflies develop adaptive strategies at this stage, so the chrysalises have particular shapes and colors that make them go almost unnoticed in the places where they are attached. This stage of absolute rest can last from one to three weeks, depending on the species (Heppner, 1991;Kristensen, 2003;Dias, 2006;Farias, 2013;Heikkilä et al., 2014). This is the last of the four butterfly stages and is also the final stage of the butterfly life cycle. ...
Accidents triggered by contact with winged adult forms of moths and accidents caused by contact with larvae. These accidents are caused by contact with the bristles on the abdomen of females of certain species, belonging to the genus Hylesia Hübner, 1820 (Family: Hemileucidae). Therefore, the simple fact of penetration of the bristles seems to be capable of causing intense inflammatory, popular, and pruritic reactions. Pararama (pararamose) is the common name for a stinging caterpillar found in the artificial rubber plantations of Pará, Brazil, the larval stage of the moth Premolis semirufa (Walker, 1856) (Famíly: Erebidae). Therefore, accidental contact with the small bristles of the caterpillars or with those of the cocoons causes a chronic inflammatory reaction in the interphalangeal joints that leads to ankylosis. The morbid condition mainly affects rubber tappers and is classified as an occupational disease. Eruca=larva; erucism is poisoning caused by a moth larva. The main families of Lepidoptera fireworms that cause erucism accidents are Megalopygidae, Saturniidae, and Arctiidae. The caterpillars of the Megalopygidae family have a body covered with long, harmless bristles that cover the smaller, sharp spines that carry poison glands this manuscript aims to report the biological characteristics of venomous Lepidoptera (Insecta) and their biological, clinical manifestations, treatment, prevention, and therapeutic possibilities. That paper is a narrative review of the literature, which is designed to explain and discuss a certain subject from a theoretical or contextual perspective, to allow the reader to acquire or update knowledge on a specific topic. The scientific articles that made up this review were searched on Google Scholar, Biological Abstract, HAL, Qeios, ResearchGate, Scielo, and SSRN. The following descriptors in Health Sciences (DeCS) were used: biological therapy, larva, wound, debridement, and healing. The following inclusion criteria were considered: original articles and reviews, published nationally and internationally in full, available electronically, and published in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. The exclusion criteria were dissertations, theses, monographs, and conclusion work, duplicates, and those that required payment to access the content in full.
... As borboletas e mariposas estão incluídas na ordem Lepidoptera, que consiste na segunda maior dos insetos, ficando atrás somente de Coleoptera (besouros). As mariposas representam aproximadamente 80% das espécies de lepidópteros e, como as borboletas, também apresentam variação de formas e tamanhos, desde milímetros até gigantes, como a neotropical mariposa-imperador (Thysania agrippina), que pode chegar a 30 cm [4,5]. ...
... Na Região Neotropical, projeções estimam a ocorrência entre 7.100 e 7.900 espécies [8]. No Brasil, são conhecidas mais de 3.200 [2,4]. No entanto, a maioria dos estudos realizados até hoje ocorreu em florestas ombrófilas das regiões Sul e Sudeste do Brasil. ...
... Algu-mas, a depender do seu ínstar, são carnívoras, principalmente da subfamília Miletinae. Existem também registros de lagartas que se alimentam de fungos, líquens ou algas, fenômeno raro em borboletas [4,27]. ...
Livro e-book com informações sobre nossas florestas nordestinas, as seis unidades de conservação estudadas durante o projeto de monitoramento Borboletas no Nordeste, executado pelo Laboratório de Ecologia e Evolução de Borboletas (LEEB - UFRN) e o Laboratório de Ecologia de Interações de Insetos da Caatinga (LEIIC - UFCG), entre 2018 e 2021. Além disso, contém um guia com ilustrações de 90 das espécies registradas e suas informações ecológicas, e um Poster com ilustrações em tamanho proporcional ao natural. Esses produtos de divulgação científica mostram a diversidade de espécies de borboletas e a riqueza da fauna encontrada no Nordeste, contribuindo para a aplicação do conhecimento e conservação da biodiversidade.
O Poster em tamanho A1 está disponível em arquivo suplementar.
... A região Neotropical é a mais rica do planeta em espécies e diversidade taxonômica de borboletas, com um total de 7784 espécies reconhecidas (Lamas 2004); quase o dobro da região Oriental, que vem em segundo lugar (Heppner 1991). Além disso, 7 subfamílias e uma família (Riodinidae) de borboletas são endêmicas ou predominantemente Neotropicais (Heppner, 1991 O método de amostragem seguiu o mesmo que tem sido feito para outras unidades de conservação baseado em Brown & Freitas (1999, 2000a, Freitas et al. (2003Freitas et al. ( , 2020 usando redes entomológicas e armadilhas Van Someren-Rydon (VSR) (Rydon 1964, Shuey 1997, Uehara-Prado et al., 2005. ...
... A região Neotropical é a mais rica do planeta em espécies e diversidade taxonômica de borboletas, com um total de 7784 espécies reconhecidas (Lamas 2004); quase o dobro da região Oriental, que vem em segundo lugar (Heppner 1991). Além disso, 7 subfamílias e uma família (Riodinidae) de borboletas são endêmicas ou predominantemente Neotropicais (Heppner, 1991 O método de amostragem seguiu o mesmo que tem sido feito para outras unidades de conservação baseado em Brown & Freitas (1999, 2000a, Freitas et al. (2003Freitas et al. ( , 2020 usando redes entomológicas e armadilhas Van Someren-Rydon (VSR) (Rydon 1964, Shuey 1997, Uehara-Prado et al., 2005. As borboletas foram observadas, registradas e identificadas visualmente, e eventualmente coletadas com puçás, ao longo de trilhas e riachos; armadilhas Van Someren-Rydon (VSR) com isca de banana foram posicionadas em locais iluminados no interior da mata nas áreas de estudo. ...
... La familia Hesperiídae (Papilionoidea) sensn Heppner(1991), es la tercera de las cinco familias de mariposas diurnas en número de especies conocidas y estimadas en el mundo. En el trópico comprende entre 40 y 50% de la riqueza de especies (Heppner, 1991). Los estudios sobre las mariposas de Guatemala son muy escasos; entre los más relevantes se pueden citar algunos viejos informes de coleccionistas Boisduval, 1870, la Biología Centrali-americana (Godman & Salvin 1879-1' 01) y Gibbs, 1912. ...
... Son cosmopoljtas, aunque estan ausenres de NuevaZe landa, y prescntan la mayor dive$idad en el Neoh.ópico con 2,016 especies de ias 3,6sE conocidas (Malcon, 1995 yHeppner, 1991). Los hesperiidos son considerados como una fanilia de la srperlamilia Papilionoidea. ...
En este documento se presentan los resultados obtenidos en el estudio sobre los hesperiídos de la cooperativa Bethel, en la parte baja de la Sierra del Lacandón, La Libertad, Fetén, en la Peninsula de Yucatán. Se elaboró un listado anotado de las 94 especies determinadas para Bethel, que incluye información fonológica y de hábitat. Los datos fenológicos sugieren que los hesperiídos son estacionales, presentando el mayor pico de actividad de agosto a noviembre. También se comparó la composición de hesperiídos presentes en Bethel, con las de otras localidades de la Peninsula de Yucatán, entre estas: Tikal, Quintana Roo y Chajul, Chiapas, las dos últimas localizadas en México. Según los indices de comunidad de Sorensen y Jacquard, la mayor semejanza se encuentra entre Tikal y Bethel, siendo esta de (0,5 y 0.33), respectivamente.
... No mundo ocorrem 160 mil espécies de lepidópteros (van Nieukerken et al. 2011), sendo que cerca de 13 a 15 mil espécies são de borboletas (Heppner 1991). Na região Neotropical o número de borboletas varia entre 7.100 e 7.900 espécies (Heppner 1991), das quais estão catalogadas cerca de 3.500 espécies no Brasil (Mielke et al. 2020;Carneiro 2020;Leviski & Casagrande 2020;Casagrande et al. 2020;Duarte & Robbins 2020;Dolibaina et al. 2020;Lourido & Duarte 2020). ...
... No mundo ocorrem 160 mil espécies de lepidópteros (van Nieukerken et al. 2011), sendo que cerca de 13 a 15 mil espécies são de borboletas (Heppner 1991). Na região Neotropical o número de borboletas varia entre 7.100 e 7.900 espécies (Heppner 1991), das quais estão catalogadas cerca de 3.500 espécies no Brasil (Mielke et al. 2020;Carneiro 2020;Leviski & Casagrande 2020;Casagrande et al. 2020;Duarte & Robbins 2020;Dolibaina et al. 2020;Lourido & Duarte 2020). ...
A ordem Lepidoptera, popularmente conhecida por seus representantes, as mariposas e as borboletas, constituem a terceira maior ordem dentre os insetos, somente atrás de Coleoptera (besouros) e Diptera (moscas e mosquitos) (Van Nieukerken et al. 2011).
... The group commonly referred to as "Heterocera" encompasses approximately 147,415 species of nocturnal Lepidoptera (Amarillo, 2000), including the Saturniidae family, which is characterized by large-sized moths with an estimated 1,200-1,300 species worldwide (Heppner, 1991), 850 of which are found in the Neotropics (Scoble, 1992). Conversely, the Sphingidae family includes around 1,400 species across 200 genera, with members distributed across most continents (Kitching & Cadiou, 2000). ...
This study documents the diversity of Saturniidae and Sphingidae moths in the transitional premontane forests of Quizaltepe Hill, San Lorenzo, Boaco, Nicaragua, a previously unexplored area. During the dry season, 70 individuals representing 25 species were recorded, with Manduca lefeburii and Dysdaemonia boreas being the most abundant. Land-use analysis identified threats from agricultural expansion, underscoring the conservation value of this site, which serves as a refuge for both lowland and montane species. These preliminary results suggest that the rainy season could increase species diversity and abundance, highlighting the need for seasonal research and the importance of the area as an ecological corridor and refuge for species conservation.
... Of the 334 species of butterflies in the Western Ghats, 316 species have been reported from Kerala [8]. The cosmopolitan butterfly family Nymphalidae (Lepidoptera) includes about 7200 species occurring in all habitats and continents except Antarctica [9]. Recently, 29 Nymphalid species have been identified in Kerala [5]. ...
The Western Ghats harbours 334 species of butterflies, among which 316 have been reported from Kerala. Butterflies
being indicators of ecological, seasonal and climatic changes, can be of use to formulate policies for conservation. The
Family Nymphalidae exhibits prominently visible symmetry systems. Four species of Nymphalid butterflies were
located and identified from Ponmudi Hill Station of the Western Ghats such as Idea malabarica, Parthenos sylvia,
Junonia atlites and Junonia almana. Three basic symmetry systems were identified in all four butterflies as Border
Symmetry System (BoSS), Central Symmetry System (CSS) and Basal Symmetry System (BSS). Apart from this, the
Marginal Symmetry System (MBS) was also identified in all the species. The higher resolution of symmetry systems
was recorded in the species of the sub-family Nymphalinae and an underdeveloped symmetry system was observed
from the sub-family Danainae which is supported by the phylogenetic inference. The various colour pattern and
symmetry systems in butterflies represent the adaptive ra
... The Immidae, with 250 species (approx.) and 10 genera, is widespread across southeastern Asia, Africa, and northern and eastern South America (Heppner, 1977(Heppner, , 1982a(Heppner, , 1982b(Heppner, , 1991Holloway et al. 2001;Diakonoff, 1986). The family Immidae was proposed by Heppner (1977Heppner ( , 1982a for 85 species of Imma Walker, 1859. ...
During a faunal survey of Lepidoptera in 2023, Imma phuocbuu Buchsbaum, Chi & Chen, sp. nov. was discovered and represents the first record of the genus in Vietnam. A single male specimen was collected from a transitional biotype between mangrove and semi-deciduous dry lowland forest habitats near the coast. The new species is distinguished from Imma transversella (Snellen, 1878), I. semicitra Meyrick, 1937 and I. semiclara Meyrick, 1929 by differences in wing pattern and genitalia morphology.
... Borboletas e mariposas são representantes comuns e bem conhecidos de quase todos os ambientes da terra, com exceção da Antártica (Heppner 1991, Brown & Freitas 1999. Fazem parte da Ordem Lepidoptera, um grupo megadiverso de insetos, com mais de 150.000 espécies descritas no mundo, sendo estimadas entre 40.000 e 90.000 espécies no Brasil (Grimaldi & Engel 2005, Aguiar et al. 2009, Mitter et al. 2017, Rafael et al. 2024. ...
Butterfly and moths (Lepidoptera) from Ilha do Cardoso, São Paulo State, Brazil). The present paper presents a preliminary list of species of butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera) from the Ilha do Cardoso, Cananéia Municipality, in the south of the State of São Paulo, SE Brazil. The list has 245 recorded butterfly species, 118 Hesperiidae, 78 Nymphalidae, 19 Lycaenidae, 17 Riodinidae, 9 Pieridae and 4 Papilionidae. In addition to these, 15 species of diurnal moths have been recorded so far. Based on comparisons with lists from nearby locations, the list could exceed 500 butterfly species with greater sampling effort. Even with a relatively preliminary list, based on some better-sampled subgroups, the Cardoso Island region shows a fauna typical of the coastal region between the States of São Paulo and Santa Catarina. Taking into account that the diversity of butterflies and moths must be mirrored by other groups of insects, vertebrates, and plants, the “Ilha do Cardoso” has enormous importance in preserving the biodiversity of the southern region of São Paulo State.
Keywords:
biodiversity; conservation; invertebrates; Mata Atlântica
... In Brazil, almost 26 thousand species of Lepidoptera are known, almost half of the quantity of Neotropical species, 60 thousand species (Heppner, 1991 [5] ; Almeida; Freitas, 2012 [6] ). However, between 60 and 80 thousand species are estimated for the country (Duarte et al., 2012 [7] ). ...
The order Lepidoptera is the second highest order among the insects being
represented by butterflies and moths, very common insects and known by the
scales in the assas. These insects can be divided into two guilds, according to
the eating habits of adults, in nectarivores and frugivores. The frugivorous
butterflies are part of the Nymphalidae family and are distributed in four
subfamilies: Satyrinae, Charaxinae, Biblidinae and Nymphalinae. The
production of scientific knowledge about the fauna of butterflies of the eastern
region of Maranhão is very incipient: only 77 species of Caxias municipality
were registered. The municipality of São João do Soter is among the several
municipalities of eastern Maranhão that have not yet been known about the
fauna of butterflies. In this way, excursions were made to the rural area of São
João do Sóter during the period from August 2018 to April 2019. 40 traps of
the Van Someren-Rydon type were used to catch the specimens. A total of
2,897 specimens of frugivorous butterflies belonging to 42 species of 29
genera and four subfamilies, Biblidinae, Charaxinae, Nymphalinae and
Satyrinae were collected. This study is of great relevance, since it is the first
one for the municipality of São João do Sóter and axilia for the knowledge of
the richness, composition and distribution of the fauna of frugivorous
nymphalidae of Maranhão and, mainly, of the East of Maranhão.
Keywords: biodiversity, fauna maranhense, wealth of lepidoptera
... Butterflies, classified under the order Lepidoptera, boast a global presence, with approximately 19,238 documented species [1]. In the Indian region, there are approximately 1500 species documented [2,3,4] of which nearly 1300 species of butterflies reported in India alone [5]. ...
During a field visit to Kanger Valley National Park (KVNP), we had the opportunity to capture photographs of the Common Tinsel - Catapaecilma major Druce, 1895. The species was spotted along the forest trail that leads to Kotumsar cave from Kotumsar Bariar (NH30), the entrance of the Kanger Valley National Park in Bastar. This area is characterized by dense forest habitat dominated by Shorea robusta trees. Notably, the presence of the Common Tinsel butterfly had never been documented in the Chhattisgarh state prior to this sighting, thus marking its inclusion as a new record for the butterfly fauna of Chhattisgarh.
... Dentre os insetos, Lepidoptera (borboletas e mariposas) é considerada uma das ordens mais diversas, possuindo aproximadamente 157.000 espécies no mundo (Van Nieukerken et al., 2011). No Brasil, são conhecidas quase 26.000 espécies (Heppner, 1991), com estimativas que indicam um total entre 60 e 80 mil espécies para o território nacional (Duarte et al., 2012). A família Sphingidae (Lepidoptera), por sua vez, possui aproximadamente 1.600 espécies distribuídas por todo o globo, com exceção dos polos (Moré;Kitching;Cocucci, 2005;Kitching, 2021); dessas, ao menos 302 são registradas na América do Sul e cerca de 200 são encontradas em território brasileiro (Duarte et al., 2021). ...
Os esfingídeos, também conhecidos como mariposas-falcão ou mariposas-beija-flor, são insetos de tamanho majoritariamente médio a grande, com corpo robusto e fusiforme. O grupo tem grande importância ecológica e inclui diversas espécies polinizadoras. Cabe ressaltar que muitas espécies são consideradas pragas em sua fase larval, podendo afetar diversas culturas agrícolas como o tomate e a mandioca. O estudo teve como objetivo identificar e caracterizar os esfingídeos ocorrentes no município de Bento Gonçalves, RS – Brasil, informar sobre suas respectivas plantas hospedeiras e fornecer um guia visual para auxílio na identificação dos táxons. Foram registradas 31 espécies incluídas em 13 gêneros, correspondendo a aproximadamente 40% das espécies com ocorrência para o estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram reunidos 200 diferentes registros de plantas hospedeiras de esfingídeos com destaque para Solanaceae. As informações, sobre as espécies de Sphingidae ocorrentes em Bento Gonçalves – RS reunidas e disponibilizadas neste livro, podem auxiliar tanto no manejo agrícola quanto em futuros estudos de biodiversidade na região da Serra Gaúcha.
... The butterflies represent one of the biological groups for which citizen scientists have provided reliable and abundant information on geographic distribution (Dennis et al. 2017;Lewandowski and Oberhauser 2017;Ryan et al. 2019;Washitani et al. 2020;Herremans et al. 2021;Sanderson et al. 2021;Plummer et al. 2024). These organisms have great popular acceptance, due to their strikingly colored wings, easy of observation and photography, abundance, wide distribution and taxonomic diversity (Heppner 1991;Boggs et al. 2003;Mitter et al. 2017). ...
Many records from citizen science (CS) are used in scientific research related to biodiversity. Photographs of living species are valuable data from CS that are applicable to a range of ecological studies. The geographical ranges of threatened Brazilian butterflies were estimated based exclusively on data from photographs from CS sources, and these results were compared with estimates obtained without CS data. A total of 37 butterfly taxa (58.7% of all threatened butterflies from the Brazilian Red List) were identified from 335 photographic records taken by 187 citizen scientists from various CS surveyed sources. Comparing the estimates of geographical range with and without CS data, changes (all increases) were obtained for 26 taxa (70.3% of the taxa in this study). The presented results demonstrate the importance of CS to increase knowledge on threatened Brazilian butterflies, especially in data related to their conservation status. The involvement of general public in scientific research should be constantly encouraged, as the simple act of sharing photographs on the internet of a living organism in nature has the potential to contribute accurately and valuably to conservation science.
Implications for insect conservation: The use of citizen science data is opportune and useful for many porpouses, as in the case of this study in improving the estimates of the geographical range of threatened species. Such data may lead to a new perspective in the conservation assessments of these taxa.
... Essa ordem constitui uma das principais radiações biológicas na Classe Insecta. Na região neotropical, especificamente, há cerca de 46.313 espécies de lepidópteros catalogadas (Heppner, 1991;Aguiar et al., 2009) (Soga et al., 2015). ...
Lepidoptera representa uma das ordens de insetos com maior riqueza, com cerca de 160.000 espécies descritas. O Brasil abriga aproximadamente metade da riqueza neotropical da ordem, com cerca de 57% das espécies conhecidas, sendo o Estado da Bahia um importante centro de endemismo de lepidópteros. As coleções científicas sumarizam informações importantes sobre as espécies e, incorporadas a bancos de dados informatizados, podem fornecer um acesso mais eficiente sobre dados de taxonomia, sistemática e biodiversidade. Assim, o presente trabalho analisou a produção bibliométrica da produção científica de inventários de Lepidoptera e inventariou a riqueza de Lepidoptera registrada para a Bahia, a partir das informações disponíveis em coleções on-line e registros da literatura específica. O levantamento das espécies foi compilado a partir dos registros de nomes válidos no banco de dados do speciesLink e trabalhos de levantamentos realizados na Bahia. Os nomes dos táxons incluídos nas análises foram revisados quanto ao status taxonômico, e para o tratamento taxonômico e sistemático foi utilizado à literatura especializada. No total, foram registradas n = 891 espécies e 12 famílias, oriundos de 52 municípios do Estado, com destaque para Nymphalidae e Hesperiidae, que concentraram 68% do total. Majoritariamente estes registros foram amplamente associados à Mata Atlântica (com 85% dos táxons), em comparação com áreas de Caatinga e Cerrado. Os inventários foram crescentes, revelando uma riqueza da lepidopterofauna da Bahia. Embora muito esforços tenham sido realizados na área, os dados entomológicos informatizados das coleções brasileiras ainda são incipientes, evidenciando a necessidade da elaboração de infraestruturas eficazes para a catalogação da biodiversidade brasileira.
... La familia Geometridae es uno de los grupos de insectos del orden Lepidóptera más diversificado y que están repartidos en todo el mundo (Gastón et al., 1995), con alrededor de 20.000 especies descritas (Munroe, 1982;Gaston et al., 1995). Heppner (1991) señala que el 38 % de la fauna de geométridos conocidos se concentra en la región neotropical. En Colombia, se desconoce la gran mayoría de especies de geométridos que se encuentran, así como su distribución en el país (Vargas & Prada Lara, 2018 ...
El yopo (Mimosa trianae Benth) es una especie nativa de importancia económica y cultural en la Orinoquía colombiana, ya que su madera es empleada como leña para la preparación del plato típico conocido como mamona, se ha adaptado a las condiciones de acidez de los suelos de la región y hace parte del paisaje llanero integrándose en sistemas agroforestales y silvopastoriles. El uso de este recurso forestal maderable amerita conocer sus características y desarrollo en condiciones del piedemonte llanero. El Modelo productivo para el cultivo de yopo (Mimosa trianae Benth) en el departamento del Meta, recopila información sobre la especie y los principales resultados de estudios desarrollados por la Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA). Integra información del entorno ambiental, aspectos botánicos, fenológicos, morfológicos y de propagación, así como sistemas de siembra y prácticas culturales; igualmente, se incorporan los datos sobre crecimiento, producción de biomasa, interceptación de lluvia, aporte de sombra y entomofauna asociada. Este modelo es una herramienta que, bajo el enfoque de territorio, brinda información base para la toma de decisiones y la priorización de inversiones por parte de los productores, al incluir los indicadores económicos obtenidos en el estudio de mercado.
... Approximately 160,000 species of lepidopterans are cataloged worldwide (Zhang et al., 2011), distributed in almost all biogeographical regions and in a wide variety of habitats. Papilionoidea comprises seven families: Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae, Lycaenidae, Riodinidae, Hesperiidae and Hedylidae, with more than 18 thousand described species (Espeland et al., 2018) and, in the Neotropical region, estimates range from 7,100 to 7,900 species (Heppner, 1991), of which more than 3,500 species are recorded in Brazil (Mielke et al., 2022;Carneiro, 2022;Leviski & Casagrande, 2022;Casagrande et al., 2022;Duarte & Robbins , 2022;Lourido & Duarte, 2022). ...
Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) are considered one of the most charismatic, best-known and most widely admired groups of insects, and they are used in different ways in popular culture, such as in artistic iconography, myths and rituals, among other artistic and cultural uses. Here we identify the butterfly species that illustrate the tracks of the album "Goela Abaixo" by Liniker e os Caramelows, showing the presence and importance of lepidopterans in popular culture. Of the thirteen tracks that make up the album "Goela Abaixo", eleven feature butterflies in some of their different life stages (larva, pupa and/or adult). Twenty images of butterflies are used in the covers of the album's tracks, with seven identified to the specific level and four to the generic level. Most of the butterflies belong to the Nymphalidae, with six species and one genus illustrated, followed by the Papilionidae with a single genus. The relevance of the present study is directly associated with the investigation of the use of representations of lepidopterans in the most diverse cultural contexts, and may be a source of future studies and discussions related to the topic.
... It is in the Microlepidoptera (Hannemann, 1964;Robinson et al., 1994). The Pyraloidea comprises about 16,000 described species world-wide (Heppner, 1991;Munroe and Solis, 1999). The larvae of many species are economically important pests of crops (e. g.: sugarcane, corn, rice), and stored products such as seeds and grains (Solis, 2007). ...
Insects communicate with each other and the environment in different ways such as sound, smell and taste. One of the ways to communicate is through the sense of sound. In insects, sound is received through the tympanal organ. It is known that the tympanal organ structure and placements can be used in the classification of higher categories. In this study, hypothesis regarding to the usage of the tympanal organ features can also be used in the classification of was tested. For this purpose, tympanal morphology of the four taxa (Evergestis frumentalis (Linnaeus, 1761) E. flavifuscalis Rebel, 1903, E. mundalis (Guenée, 1854) and E. umbrosalis (Fischer von Röslerstamm, 1841)) belonging to the Evergestis genus in the Evergestinae subfamily were examined, analyzed and photographed.
... The tribe Lithosiini of subfamily Arctiinae (Erebidae) is known by an estimated number of 3445 species in the World, with 909 species from Oriental region (Heppner, 1991) and 387 species from India (Singh et al., 2014;Joshi et al., 2015Joshi et al., , 2015aJoshi et al., , 2016Joshi et al., , 2017Singh et al., 2017Singh et al., , 2017a. Majority of the Lithosiin species are lichen feeders and therefore, act as important environmental indicators of air-pollution as lichens are sensitive to different types of air pollutants. ...
Two Lithosiin species, Dolgoma rectoides Dubatolov, 2012 and Microlithosia pseudodecreta Bucsek, 2012 are reported from India. Diagnosis, photographs of adults and male genitalia of both the species are provided.
... Arctiidae is a major Noctuoid family of order Lepidoptera with estimated number of 10,945 species from the Globe (Heppner 1991) including more than 500 from India (Kirti & Gill 2010). Members of this family tend to be small to medium size with aposematic colours. ...
... El orden Lepidoptera (mariposas), junto con Diptera (moscas), Hymenoptera (avispas, abejas y hormigas) y Coleoptera (escarabajos) se reconocen como los cuatro órdenes hiperdiversos de la clase Insecta (Martin-Piera et al., 2000;Llorente-Bousquets et al., 2014), con un número de especies que superan a los 650 000. De los Lepidoptera se han descrito y denominado unas 155 000 especies (Nieukerken et al., 2011;Llorente-Bousquets et al., 2014), es decir, constituyen el 10% del total de las especies animales; aunque las estimaciones oscilan entre 255 000 y cerca del medio millón de especies (Heppner (1991(Heppner ( , 1998, Scoble (1992), Kristensen (1998Kristensen ( , 2004, Kristensen et al., (2007) La familia Dalceridae es un grupo de mariposas pequeña, con 84 especies en 11 géneros distribuidos principalmente en la región Neotropical (Miller. 1994). ...
Se registra por primera vez el parasitismo sobre las larvas de la mariposa Minacraga plata SE Miller, 1994 (Lepidoptera: Dalceridae) por la mosca Houghia areata Fleming & Wood, 2014 (Diptera: Tachinidae). Se colectaron dos larvas de M. plata en el borde del bosque de uno de los senderos ubicados en el Hotel Summit Rainforest and Golf Resort, sobre hojas de Anacardium excelsum L. 1885 (Plantae: Anacardiaceae). Las larvas de M. plata, fueron colocadas en una cámara de donde al cabo de ±15 días ambas iniciaron el proceso de pupa y 33 días después de la colecta emergieron de las pupas de M. plata, 10 pupas de mosca después de 16 días, las larvas de las moscas haber pupado emergieron 10 moscas adultas de Houghia areata (Diptera: Tachinidae). Podemos concluir que a pesar de ser un bosque secundario; los 160 bordes de bosque en las áreas adyacentes del Hotel Summit Rainforest and Golf Resort, juega un papel muy importante como corredor biológico entre las dos zonas protegidas, Parque Nacional Soberanía y Parque Nacional Camino de Cruces; adicionalmente, estos bosque pueden alojar estas especies de mariposas y su controladores biológicos; lo que evidencia el equilibrio natural que puede existir en estos corredores biológicos.
... El orden Lepidóptera contiene más de 150.000 especies descritas (van Nieukerken et al., 2011), aunque el número estimado alcanza las 255.000 (Heppner, 1991;Scoble, 1992 importancia económica para la agricultura (Zhang, 1994), importantes modelos biológicos, tanto para la investigación básica como aplicada (Roe et al., 2010) Las larvas son muy peludas o con unos pocos pelos y pueden ser confundidas con larvas de mariposas nocturnas. Algunas especies poseen larvas desnudas con ornamentos en la cabeza y adaptaciones para establecer asociaciones con hormigas Son de colores oscuros, metálicos y colores iridiscentes, debido a esto se las llama las joyas vivientes (Ancyluris sp.), en su mayoría son pequeños en todos sus géneros. ...
El Área de Exploración Huacareta posee una superficie de 4.537 kilómetros cuadrados, está ubicada geográficamente en el sector occidental del subandino sur de Bolivia y su extensión territorial política administrativa, está compartida entre los departamentos de Tarija y Chuquisaca. Shell Bolivia desde sus inicios trabaja en Huacareta con el compromiso de establecer políticas claras orientadas a mitigar y minimizar los riesgos e impactos negativos de las operaciones hidrocarburíferas sobre los recursos biológicos.
Las políticas de la compañía definen que la protección de la diversidad de la naturaleza es crucial cuando se consideran nuevos proyectos o expansiones de instalaciones existentes.
La riqueza biótica de Huacareta se ha documentado en gran parte gracias a los estudios de Biodiversidad que realiza Shell Bolivia a través de la empresa GeoAmbiente Ltda. Los resultados preliminares de este estudio, permiten no solo conocer la ocurrencia de especies de flora y fauna silvestre en la zona o ampliar rangos de distribución, sino que también posibilitan mejorar el conocimiento de la biodiversidad de uno de los sitios menos estudiados de Bolivia y la implementación de nuevas prácticas que permitan enfocar las estrategias de conservación a ser desarrolladas por la industria del petróleo en nuestro medio.
Otra de las prioridades de este documento ha sido conocer el estado de conservación de Huacareta y áreas adyacentes previo a las intervenciones programadas por Shell Bolivia, bien se conoce que los ecosistemas de montaña del sur de nuestro país, se encuentra en un proceso acelerado de degradación y transformación sin que se determine aún el grado de pérdida de la biodiversidad.
... One such group of insects, Arctiini moths, have all those attributes and are also potential biological indicators for environmental monitoring (HILTY; MERELENDER, 2000). Arctiini are colorful and bright (POWELL, 2009), widely distributed in the world, mainly in the Neotropical region, 4,761 species are described (HEPPNER, 1991), in Brazil there are about 1,225 species (FERRO; DINIZ, 2010) and of these, 1,023 in the Amazon (TESTON; FERRO, 2020). In the Amazon region, the Arctiini fauna of the states of Amapá and Pará has been more recently studied (HAWES et al., 2009;DELFINA, 2010;TESTON et al., 2012;TESTON, 2013;CORREA, 2015;VALENTE et al., 2018). ...
The richness and abundance of representatives of Arctiini (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae) was studied considering 88 representative points of savanna in the Alter do Chão Environmental Protection Area (APA), in the municipality of Santarém, state of Pará, Brazil. Moths were sampled monthly from December 2014 to December 2016 (except May 2015), with a light trap, Pennsylvania model, during a new moon night from 6:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m. the following day. Abundance (N), richness (S) and diversity index (H’), Shannon uniformity (J’) index and Berger-Parker (BP) dominance were analyzed. Wealth estimators “Chao” (1st and 2nd order), “Jackknife” (1st and 2nd order) and “Bootstrap” were also used. A total of 1,375 specimens (N) belonging to 122 species (S) were captured. Idalusmulticolor (Rothschild, 1909) and Pheialateralis Klages, 1906 appear as new records for the Brazilian Amazon. The values for the analyzed parameters were H’= 3.25, J’= 0.67 and BP = 0.33. The estimators and “Bootstrap” (140) and “Jackknife 2nd order” (180) measured that between 14% and 33% of species can still be found, respectively, as shown by the species accumulation curve. The results of this study indicate changes in the faunal composition with an equivalent distribution of species between the Ctenuchina and Phaegopterina subtribes, quite different from anthropized and forested areas that present a predominance of Phaegopterina. In this way, the conservation of savanna fragments present in the APA Alter do Chão contributes to the maintenance of the local fauna and expands the knowledge of Arctiini in the Amazon.
... The tribe Lithosiini Billberg (Erebidae, Arctiinae), known as lichen tiger moths, are cosmopolitan moths comprising approximately 3445 described species [1,2] within 457 genera [3] in the world. Adults of this tribe usually have aposematic coloration. ...
The genus Aemene Walker, 1854 (Lithosiini, Cistheniina) is reviewed from Korea, with one new species, Aemene copaeninsulana sp. nov. Photographs of male and female and genitalia of the examined species from Korea are given. A key to Korean species of the genus Aemene is provided.
... Erebidae was reviewed following molecular analysis of Noctuidae in the 2000s, with more than half of noctuid species being transferred to Erebidae. The group is known by 10,945 species, out of which 1929 species are reported from the Oriental region (Heppner, 1991) and 525 species from India (Singh et al., 2014). The family includes the underwings (Catocala); litter moths (Herminiinae); tiger, lichen, and wasp moths (Arctiinae); tussock moths (Lymantriinae), including the arctic woolly bear moth (Gynaephora groenlandica); piercing moths (Calpinae and others); micronoctuoid moths (Micronoctuini); snout moths (Hypeninae); and zales, though many of these common names can also refer to moths outside the Erebidae (for example, crambid snout moths). ...
The occurrences of erebid moths were monitored in the agroecosystems of Northern Kerala. Five districts viz., Malappuram, Kozhikode, Wayanad, Kannur and Kasaragod were covered during March 2018 to 2020 with 98 nights of survey. The observations led to observations on 1085 specimens and 121 species under 83 genera in ten subfamilies viz., Aganainae, Arctiinae, Boletobiinae, Calpinae, Erebinae, Herminiinae, Hypeninae, Lymantriinae, Pangraptinae, Scoliopteryginae.
... Arctiidae y Saturniidae por tener características ecológicas particulares como amplia distribución geográfica en el trópico, características de historias de vida marcadamente diferentes como se menciona en las descripciones previas para cada familia, amplio rango de hábitat, gran cantidad de endemismos y además, una relativa facilidad para su identificación (Heppner 1991;Scoble 1992;Amarillo 2000;Algarin et al. 2008;Contreras 2009), despiertan gran interés en los investigadores, para el desarrollo de estudios como el aquí planteado y para el monitoreo de cambios ambientales. ...
... The Thyrididae are small to medium-sized moths with about 760 species known worldwide (Munroe, 1982;Heppner, 1991;Robinson et al., 1994, Holloway et al., 2001Choi, 2005) and we estimate more than 50 species from India. Adults are generally with hyaline patches and striae on the wings (Hampson, 1892). ...
We report a Sundaland inhabitant, Rhodoneura pudicula Guenée, 1858 (Lepidoptera: Thyrididae) from Great Nicobar Island,
Andaman & Nicobar Islands, the first-time record from India. Description, diagnosis, images of habitus and male genitalia
are provided. Additionally, we report the extension of the distributional range of two thyridids: Mellea taeniata (Warren,
1908) and Aglaopus decussata (Moore, 1883), up to the Great Nicobar Island
... The subtribes Ctenuchina and Euchromiina are mainly Neotropical groups with 2,496 species recorded (Heppner 1991). Their flight activity is nocturnal, except in the genera Cacostatia, Coreura, Ctenucha, Cyanopepla, and Dinia (Hernández-Baz and Bailey 2006). ...
The Mexican lepidopteran fauna is particularly diverse, but many moth groups remain poorly documented. The tribe Arctiini is a species-rich group that has been used as a reliable indicator of environmental change. However, little is known about the fauna of the tribe Arctiini in Mexico, and there is no exhaustive review of its diversity and distribution patterns. Our aims were: 1) to account for the species diversity and distribution patterns of the tribe Arctiini; 2) to build spatial distributions and discuss possible changes in the distribution areas of the tribe Arctiini using conservative (RCP 2.6) and liberal (RCP 8.5) future climate scenarios; and 3) to discuss the conservation implications for key taxa that due to their life history characteristics and restricted distribution, might require particular conservation actions. We compiled a total of 16,385 records and 548 species in seven subtribes. Diversity profiles revealed higher cumulative species richness and diversity for the subtribes Phaegopterina, Ctenuchina, and Euchromiina, and we identified a pattern of decreasing species diversity with elevation. In addition, we estimated that 35% and 84% of modeled species in future conservative and liberal climatic scenarios, respectively, would result in significant losses of climatic suitability and shifts in spatial distribution. The endemic species, Virbia semirosea, Poliopastea jalapensis, and Pygoctenucha azteca would likely reduce their distribution by approximately 50% in both climatic scenarios. Maintaining a network of highly threatened habitats (e.g., cloud forests, tropical rain forests) will be essential to preserve persisting species populations and to increase likely (re)colonization events.
... Entre as mariposas destacam-se os representantes da subfamília Arctiinae, por possuírem ampla distribuição geográfica e, serem facilmente reconhecidos devido sua coloração (FERRO et al., 2012), além de serem uma das mais diversas (WELLER et al., 2009). São conhecidas ao redor de 11.000 espécies, das quais 6.000 no Neotrópico (HEPPNER, 1991), há aproximadamente 1.400 no Brasil (FERRO & DINIZ, 2010). Estas estão divididas em quatro tribos: Amerilini, Arctiini, Lithosiini e Syntomini (ZAHIRI et al. 2012). ...
The study evaluated the flight activity of Arctiini moths with light traps in the Amazônia National Park (PARNA da Amazônia) in Itaituba, Pará, during sixteen nights of collection, eight in the dry season and eight in the rainy season. Analyzes of species composition and correlations, simple regressions and circular analysis were performed, using richness (S) and abundance (N) data collected at each time interval from 7 pm to 6 am. A total of 804 individuals of 190 species were captured, representing six subtribes. Most species occurred in more than one time (60%) when considering the entire period. In the dry season 86 species (53.4%) occurred in only one time and in the rainy season 66 (64.7%). The greatest richness was at 19 pm (S=40) in the dry season and at 4 am (S=29) in the rainy season and the greatest abundance was at 21 pm (N=58) in the dry season and at 3 am (N=55) in the rainy season. The analyzes revealed that to obtain the best species composition, collection should be done throughout the night, as if the intention is to obtain a panorama of richness and abundance, just collect in the early evening (7 pm to 11 pm) in the dry season and at dawn (2 am to 5 am) in the rainy season. The correlation and regression results indicated that only the richness of Arctiini captured per hour, during the dry season, was influenced by temperature and relative humidity.
... Tiger moths (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae) are one of the most speciose group of Lepidoptera with almost 11,000 species and about 700 genera worldwide, of which at least half are present in the Neotropical region (Watson & Goodger 1986;Heppner 1991). In this subfamily Paracles Walker, 1855 is one of the most diverse genera with 77 species and 4 subspecies mostly distributed in South America with only one species in Central America (Vincent & Laguerre 2014). ...
The genus Paracles Walker, 1855 is one of the most diverse genera present in Arctiinae and some species have larvae with aquatic habits. Several larvae were found swimming in flooded areas in different grasslands and were bred to adults to identify the species: Paracles vulpina (Hübner, [1825]). The current knowledge of immature stages of this species is not useful to identify and discriminate from other species of Paracles. For this reason, we proposed to redescribe adults of P. vulpina, showing for the first time the male and female genitalia, and improve the information on the immature stages and their habits. The adults can be recognized by the whitish paler brown band in the costal area in the forewing and whitish paler brown antenna. The final larval stage of P. vulpina can be differentiated from other species because it shows a body with a black pubescence except for a ferruginous subventral pubescence, blue dorsal verrucae, red lateral verrucae, and dorsal plastron with longest white setae. Because of its polyphagous feeding habit on aquatic and non aquatic plants we consider the aquatic larval habit is not a necessary strategy and could depend on the ground topography or weather of the locality.
... The larval apomorphies are: D1 and D2 on T2 and T3 are fused into a single verruca and seta L3 on A3-6 is bisetose (Kitching & Rawlins in Kristensen 1999). Arctiinae are species rich with about 11, 000 species (Heppner 1991, Zahiri et al. 2012 in four tribes: Amerilini, Arctiini, Lithosiini, and Syntomini (Dowdy et al. 2020). Major catalogues/ checklists published on Indian Arctiinae are by Cotes & Swinhoe (1887), Zerny (1912), Strand (1919Strand ( , 1922, and Fletcher (1925). ...
We present a catalogue of 673 species and nine subspecies of Indian Arctiinae in 175 genera which represents 6.11% of the global Arctiinae. Out of 673 species, a monogeneric tribe Amerilini is represented by four species (0.59 % of Indian Arctiinae and 6.06 % of global Amerilini), Arctiini are known by 180 species in 38 genera (26.74 % of Indian Arctiinae and 2.73% of global Arctiini), Lithosiini comprise 419 species in 128 genera (62.25% of Indian Arctiinae and 13.30% of global Lithosiini), and Syntomini account for 70 species in eight genera (10.40 % of Indian Arctiinae and 5.83% of global Syntomini). Information related to type localities, records from India with respective literature references, and the genus/ species synonyms is provided. Brief summaries for the four tribes of Indian Arctiinae, stating their Indian genus and species diversities, diagnostic characters of imagines are also provided. Furthermore, we present data on the distribution of the Arctiinae within the biogeographic zones of India. In addition, a brief analysis of the research history of Indian Arctiinae illustrates the general patterns of when and by whom the Indian species were described.
... Knowledge of South American grassland biodiversity is lacking, considering that the few diversity studies carried out in this environment have largely skewed towards butterflies (Carvalho et al. 2015;Paz et al. 2013b;a;Siewert et al. 2014). Butterflies, however, only represent 13% of Lepidoptera (Heppner 1991) and do not necessarily represent an ideal estimate of the overall diversity of the order. Regarding moths, very little is known about the species composition of moths in grasslands or the Campos Sulinos environments more generally. ...
We report the Bombycoidea and Mimallonoidea (Lepidoptera) observed at the the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul’s (UFRGS) Agronomic Research Station in Eldorado do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil from September 7th to November 6th, 2018. This research station is situated in the Campos Sulinos (southern Brazilian grasslands) environment. As part of our inventory, we report the following Bombycoidea: 29 species of Sphingidae, 26 species of Saturniidae, at least seven species of Apatelodidae, and at least four species of Bombycidae. Within Mimallonidae we recorded eight species. New state records include the following Sphingidae: Xylophanes alineae, X. crenulata, and Perigonia stulta; and Mimallonidae: Mimallo grisea and the genus Menevia. Our study represents the first inventory of moths from this location and one of the few from the Campos Sulinos more broadly.
A study was conducted on the composition, and altitudinal distribution of the superfamilies Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea in the Sierra Mazateca, Oaxaca. Systematic collections were carried out at 12 localities located between 90 and 2200 meters above sea level, representing the climatic and vegetation types and subtypes of the area; as also the Mariposa database, of the Museum of Zoology of the Faculty of Science and the data from other Mexican collections were reviewed. Two techniques were used for the collections: directed search with aerial entomological net searching in the different microhabitats and 5 to 7 Van Someren-Rydon traps baited with fermented banana were placed. This allowed to obtain 3, 108 specimens, whose taxonomic determination and the review of 89 specimens and 312 records, generate an integrated list of 465 taxa, included in 6 families, 19 subfamilies, 246 genera. Of which 352 taxa are new records for the Sierra Mazateca, of these 12 for the State of Oaxaca. The most diverse family was Nymphalidae (168 taxa), followed by Hesperiidae (141 taxa), Lycaenidae (58 taxa), Pieridae (43 taxa), Riodinidae with 35 and Papilionidae with 20. The genera best represented in terms of richness were: Hamadryas, Eurema, Autochton, Chlosyne, Parides, Heliconius, Memphis, Emesis, Catasticta, Astraptes and Phoebis. Based on the species accumulation curve, using the Clench model, 71.3% (380 taxa) of the estimated were collected. To the generated list was added information from the database Butterflies of the Museum of Zoology Alfonso L. Herrera of the Faculty of Science, UNAM and other Mexican collection; resulting in a total of 87.2% of the estimated. With regard to the altitude distribution 77% (360 taxa) are frequent from 90-500 msnm.
The genus Thaumatographa Walsingham, 1897 (Tortricidae: Chlidanotinae: Hilarographini) of day-flying tortricid moths from Vietnam is reviewed, with four new species descriptions: Thaumatographa carapaceana sp. nov., Thaumatographa cucphuongana sp. nov., Thaumatographa melinhana sp. nov., and Thaumatographa tamdaoana sp. nov.
The new genus Vietarbela Heppner, n. gen. (Metarbelidae), and new species Vietarbela hopeavora Heppner, n. sp., are described for a new tree borer pest of Hopea odorata (Dipterocarpaceae) trees in central Vietnam (Dak Lak), with notes on its biology.
The genus Diduga Moore, [1887] is reviewed with 11 species from Laos, including one new species, D. bantha sp. nov. Illustrations of adults and genitalia of all examined species from Laos are provided, with the checklist of Laotian species of the genus Diduga.
Ninety-eight species of the family Adelidae, belonging to three genera in two subfamilies, were recorded and described in China, with illustrations of the adults and their genitalia. Keys to subfamilies, genera and species are also provided. Twenty-four new species are described, nine species are newly recorded from China, and four new combinations are made. Ecological photos and DNA barcodes of some species are provided, and the phylogenetic analysis based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences are conducted. The new taxa are as follows: Nemophora pseudalbiantennella Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. badagongshana Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. longlabiae Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. quadrata Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. basalistriata Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. digitata Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. duplicifascia Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. hunanensis Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. purpurata Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. arcuatifasciata Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. caeruliantenna Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. xizangensis Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. caerulea Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. songgangensis Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. conjugata Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. latilobula Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. longispina Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. ganziensis Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. jiajinshana Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. litangensis Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. tianpingshana Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. triangulifascia Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., N. yajiagengensis Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov., and N. bispina Liao, Hirowatari & Huang, sp. nov. The newly recorded taxa from China are: Nematopogon distinctus Yasuda, 1957, Adela nobilis Christoph, 1882, A. praepilosa Hirowatari, 1997, Nemophora albiantennella Issiki, 1930, N. chionites (Meyrick, 1907), N. smaragdaspis (Meyrick, 1924), N. trimetrella Stringer, 1930, N. optima (Butler, 1878), and N. bifasciatella Issikii, 1930. The new combinations are N. servata (Meyrick, 1925) com. nov., N. diplophragma (Meyrick, 1938) com. nov., N. chionella (Caradja, 1935) com. nov., and N. chrysocharis (Caradja, 1938) com. nov.
Este estudo analisou o horário de atividade de voo de Arctiini em uma área da Floresta Nacional do Tapajós, Belterra, Pará. As mariposas foram mensalmente capturadas no período de maio de 2019 a fevereiro de 2020, durante três noites consecutivas, na fase de lua minguante/nova, utilizando armadilha luminosa modelo Pensilvânia. Avaliou-se a composição de espécies, a riqueza e a abundância foram utilizadas para realizar a análise circular e relacioná-las com a temperatura através da correlação. Foram capturados 412 indivíduos pertencentes a 94 espécies distribuídas em todas as sete tribos de Arctiini. A maior parte das espécies (S= 72 ou 76,6%) ocorreram em um e dois horários. Os horários de pico, para a riqueza (S= 27) e abundância (N= 101) foram registrados nas primeiras horas (20h) e nas finais (5h) de coleta, respectivamente, corroborados pela análise circular. Desta forma, recomenda-se que a captura seja realizada ao longo da noite, com a finalidade de representar o máximo possível a composição faunística de Arctiini. A correlação obtida mostra que a riqueza sofreu influência da temperatura.
The lepidopteran family of the Epipyropidae contains currently 32 known species of moths with larvae that are parasitic on plant and leafhoppers as well as cicadas. This paper focuses on behavioural aspects of the final instar of the cicada parasite Epipomponia nawai (Dyer 1904) on the cicada Hyalessa maculaticollis (de Motschulsky 1866) and represents only the second report of the species from South Korea. This species is a new host for E. nawai in Korea, since in the past it had only been reported once from Meimuna opalifera and Oncotympana fuscata in Korea. Molecular relationships between specimens of E. nawai collected in China, Japan, and Korea were analysed. The Chinese haplotypes fell into two groups: one clearly related to the Korean haplotype, but the other tightly affiliated with the Japanese haplotype. The findings suggest two routes for the occurrence of E. nawai in mainland China. Once the host cicada was dead or too weak to move, the caterpillar crawled away from it, seeking a place to pupate. Very little is known about parasitic Lepidoptera and therefore any information on host species or behavioural aspects is of importance.
Ctenuchina and Euchromina moths (Erebidae: Arctiinae) in the entomological collection at the University of Colima were revised and identified to species. A total of 603 specimens belonging to 40 species were examined. All wasp-moth species belonged to two subtribes: Ctenuchina (three species) and Euchromina (37 species). A species list with collecting details is presented.
Ebook. Guia de espécies de borboletas encontradas na Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN) Mata Estrela. Este guia ilustrado é um dos produtos do projeto Borboletas no Nordeste, gerado para a ampliação do conhecimento científico sobre as borboletas e para a divulgação da biodiversidade local e regional.
Ebook. Guia de espécies de borboletas encontradas na Estação Ecológica (ESEC) Caetés. Este guia ilustrado é um dos produtos do projeto Borboletas no Nordeste, gerado para a ampliação do conhecimento científico sobre as borboletas e para a divulgação da biodiversidade local e regional.
Ebook. Guia de espécies de borboletas encontradas na Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN) Fazenda Almas. Este guia ilustrado é um dos produtos do projeto Borboletas no Nordeste, gerado para a ampliação do conhecimento científico sobre as borboletas e para a divulgação da biodiversidade local e regional.
Ebook. Guia de espécies de borboletas encontradas no Parque Nacional (PARNA) do Catimbau. Este guia ilustrado é um dos produtos do projeto Borboletas no Nordeste, gerado para a ampliação do conhecimento científico sobre as borboletas e para a divulgação da biodiversidade local e regional.
Ebook. Guia de espécies de borboletas encontradas na Estação Ecológica (ESEC) do Seridó. Este guia ilustrado é um dos produtos do projeto Borboletas no Nordeste, gerado para a ampliação do conhecimento científico sobre as borboletas e para a divulgação da biodiversidade local e regional.
Os valores intelectuais e a razão humana prescindem, de igual importância, de valores ambientais, visto que o ambiente acolhe e provém recursos para uma vida com qualidade para o ser humano.
Diante de novos conhecimentos e necessidades da preservação e conservação do ambiente, as comunidades precisam direcionar ações políticas, sociais e educacionais
que possibilitem oportunidades de uma relação mais harmoniosa entre o homem, suas necessidades e a natureza.
Percebe-se que o conhecimento ecológico e intelectual não são balizadores para definir o quão um ser é consciente e sensibilizado para as questões ambientais. Assim, a sensibilização de um indivíduo depende de quais valores ele agrega ao seu conhecimento intelectual. Esses valores trarão um significado às questões que ele já conhece, mas que não se envolvia em nível mais profundo.
A todo instante, nossas decisões diárias interferem, sob diversos aspectos, no ambiente; e nossas decisões e escolhas podem ter consequências ambientais que desconhecemos seu alcance. A Educação Ambiental nos torna cidadãos mais conscientes para as questões e problemas ambientais, educando-nos para hábitos e ações a favor de uma vida mais equilibrada.
Nesse contexto, esse livro reúne temas em Ecologia e Educação Ambiental, com assuntos que abrangem vários sistemas da biosfera (solo, água, atmosfera), além
de envolver esses temas no contexto escolar, de modo a contribuir com a aquisição de conhecimento e valores ambientais do leitor.
A lack of baseline data on Moths of Saurashtra region of Gujarat was found as a result of literature review. Very few records of Moths are published from the area. To fill in this gap, a study was carried in Bhavnagar City, Gujarat, India to record the Moth fauna of the area. Selected sites (subject to accessibility and convenience) were surveyed regularly from July-2019 to July-2021. A preliminary checklist of 232 species of Moths was compiled as a result of this study. Erebidae was found to be the most species rich family with 62 species; followed by crambidae with 44 species. 11 Families showed least diversity with single species representative. First record of family sessidae (Mellitia sp.) was obtained during this study. A clear seasonal fluctuation was seen in number of species seen during a month. Maximum species were recorded in the month of August (75), which mark the peak of monsoon. Whereas least number of species were recorded in the month of may (7), which marks the peak of summer. The survey improves our understanding of the biodiversity of Moths in semi-arid region of Gujarat, and can will helpful in conducting further ecological research and conservation practices.
Evaluated the nocturnal activity of moths flying Arctiini with light traps in the Serra do Pardo National Park (PARNA Serra do Pardo) in Sao Felix do Xingu, Pará. This work studied the distribution of Arctiini moths throughout the night, during a three-day collection period (October 24, 25 and 27, 2011), with light traps, in the Serra do Pardo National Park. Analyzes of species composition and correlation, simple and circular regressions were performed, using richness (S) and abundance (N) data collected at each time interval from 6:00 pm to 6:00 am. A total of 1,291 individuals of 138 species were captured, representing five subtribes. Most species (62.3%) occurred only at one time. The greatest richness was at 10 pm (S= 31) and the greatest abundance was at 7 pm (N= 639). The analyzes revealed that to obtain the best species composition, collection should be done throughout the night, since if the intention is to obtain an overview of richness and abundance, just collect in the early evening (7pm-11pm) as indicated by the numbers and circular analysis. The correlation and regression results indicate that both the richness and abundance of Arctiini captured per hour are influenced by temperature and relative humidity.
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