La communication transparente et participative des organisations. Une lecture croisée des approches communicationnelles de l’école de Palo Alto et d’Habermas appliquée aux usages des médias sociaux numériques
Abstract
L’objectif de cet article est de proposer un cadre théorique de la communication transparente et participative des organisations présentes sur les médias sociaux numériques. Un regard croisé entre la communication « contenu-relation » (école de Palo Alto) et les critères de l’agir communicationnel (Habermas) permet de prendre en compte les caractéristiques spécifiques de ces médias. Nous montrons que la volonté de participation et de transparence de la part des internautes encourage le développement d’une communication numérique des organisations dont le contenu de la communication est en lien avec la vérité, la relation de communication est en corrélation avec la sincérité et le cadrage de la communication l’est avec la justesse.
... Non Profit Organisations should, hence, meet the challenge of interpreting the nature of these new generations of citizens and adjust their activities and communication strategies accordingly. Under this perspective, the integration of an open data strategy appears as a windfall capable of relaunching and fostering online volunteer engagement (Wymer, Knowles & Gomes, 2006) particularly in regards to the ideal of transparency and participation (Asdourian, 2015). The communication between users of digital media and public or non-profit organization involved into an open data policy are represented through a democratic way with upwards and downward flows. ...
Organisations and their actions are always on an ongoing judging collective process from the society. Governmental legitimacy in democratic societies is warranted to governments through elections, making sure that they are chosen to represent the public interest. However, in case of NGOs and churches – organisations that act in the public interest - how are those organisations legitimated? We argue that the communication in the public sphere is creating a number of speech acts and talking situations that contribute to the legitimation. Moreover, the existence of this type of communication subscribes legitimacy to those organisations in a performative sense. Furthermore, the ontology of churches and NGOs is based on communication and the constitution of those social forms is only possible through communication. In that sense, we propose in this article a model that illustrates and systemizes the communication flows that contribute to legitimation, the constitution, and creation of those organisations.
... Non Profit Organisations should, hence, meet the challenge of interpreting the nature of these new generations of citizens and adjust their activities and communication strategies accordingly. Under this perspective, the integration of an open data strategy appears as a windfall capable of relaunching and fostering online volunteer engagement (Wymer, Knowles & Gomes, 2006) particularly in regards to the ideal of transparency and participation (Asdourian, 2015). ...
The communication between users of digital media and public or non-profit organization involved into an open data policy are represented through a democratic way with upwards and downward flows; implying an evolving participation of citizens and a progressive openness of a company's database. Under this perspective, various tasks have been employed. The mission of this paper is to define and analyze the tasks – related to certain cultural factors – in an open data policy as well as their level of importance. This action will help determine which communication process is suitable in such utopian relation. We conducted an empirical case study research design. Subsequently, a qualitative and a quantitative data analysis were performed. The authors present a cultural context of civic engagement as well as a communicational model between the players enrolled in democratic exchanges taking place in an open data environment. Our research reveals the main characteristics of information flows and of the communication relations established among the company Transports Publics Genevois (TPG), a civic community of experts and the end users of the mobile application "UnCrowdTPG". Organizations involved into an open data project could communicate mainly through two cultural factors: "Knowledge", establishing content oriented communication; and "Trust", constituting a relation oriented communication.
Une synthèse des connaissances sur la citoyenneté numérique dans un contexte global.
Un regard sur les enjeux, défis, tendances et pratiques en éducation à la citoyenneté numérique chez les jeunes Canadiennes et Canadiens.
La mise en place par certaines entreprises d’unités organisationnelles dédiées à la
gestion des médias sociaux témoigne de l’importance qu’elles accordent aux nouveaux outils de
la communication. Le réseau mondial des « Digital Acceleration Team » implémenté par Nestlé
depuis 2012 illustre la mutation des processus organisants dans l’ère numérique. De nouvelles
formes d’interactions physiques et digitales internes conduisent à une évolution significative de
la communication numérique externe.
The IBM Innovation Jam was the largest-ever event to promote networked idea generation. More than 150,000 IBM employees, stakeholders and vendors participated in two three-day online events to foster innovation and help IBM bring products to market faster. Using Web sites, wikis, forums and other online tools, Jam participants generated literally hundreds of thousands of new business ideas. From those ideas, IBM focused on several major topics for the second part of the Jam and invited its employees to build on the ideas within those topics. As a result of this process, 10 distinct businesses were funded. However, it wasn't these successes that make the Jam interesting, argue the authors; it was the difficulties that IBM faced in implementing the Jam. Given unique access to the Jam, the authors discuss the complications inherent in collaborating with so many people. In particular, it was hard to sustain individual "conversations" in the collaborative process. Rather than building on each other's ideas, many participants because of excitement about their own ideas - would "hijack" a thread or take it in an unintended direction. Some great ideas were left to wither on the vine. The authors discuss other attempts at large-scale collaboration, including some by Dell and Star-bucks. These include the use of promotion tools to ensure that "good" ideas are seen and captured by as many eyes as possible. The pros and cons of these methods are discussed as well, and the authors provide a framework for thinking about how an organization can collaborate with its stakeholders.
Online consumer reviews
Among the different sources of information available online, consumer reviews are now widely used. This ranking and recommendation system for goods and services is found on most e-commerce sites, as well as on dedicated platforms, both general and specialized (Ciao, Tripadvisor, Allocine, etc.). Its form is relatively standardized and combines, give or take a few variations, an aggregate of ratings and written comments. By analysing the architecture of these sites, processing data sets collected for this purpose, and drawing on interviews, this article first reports on the spread of the “Rating and Review” system. It highlights the imitation or on the contrary the specific arrangements introduced by the platforms based on pre-existing facilities on the market. The article then analyses the different ways in which, on the Web, lay speech is formatted by the system and articulates or conflicts with expert forms of product assessment. Finally, it offers a typology to map out the world of Ratings and Reviews sites, based on both the characteristics of the products assessed and the nature of the uncertainty about the quality(ies) weighing on consumers in the exploratory phase.
French translation of Pragmatics of human communication