In this chapter, the most recent literature on cognitive behavioral therapy interventions for the treatment of tobacco dependence is reviewed. Evidence was compiled primarily from meta-analyses, Cochrane Reviews, and recent qualitative review papers focused on the efficacy of various cognitive behavioral therapy approaches for achieving tobacco abstinence. Emphasis is given to the literature pertaining to general cognitive behavioral therapy approaches for smoking cessation as well as newer extensions of cognitive behavioral therapy including mindfulness-based approaches and relapse prevention. The evidence in this review indicates that cognitive behavioral therapy-based interventions are effective at increasing rates of tobacco abstinence in the general population, in special populations, and in individuals with comorbid psychological disorders such as depression. Recent studies examining extensions of cognitive behavioral therapy such as mindfulness-based urge surfing interventions and relapse prevention models suggest that these techniques may also hold promise for increasing the likelihood of a successful quit attempt. Finally, a growing body of evidence indicates that pairing certain types of pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation with cognitive behavioral therapy may be more efficacious than pharmacotherapy alone. Overall, the clinical literature on smoking cessation indicates that cognitive behavioral therapy-based interventions are an effective therapeutic option in the treatment of tobacco dependence.