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Foot morphology of junior football players: implications for football shoe design
... In the first stage, based on the clinical procedure (24), the individual's soles were evaluated in the standing position and in case observing signs of a decrease or disappearance of the MLA, convexity of the inner edge of the foot, or heel valgus in the foot, the individual would enter the second screening stage. At the second stage, the footprint method and the Staheli index were applied (25,26). In this method, the individual would first stand on a stiff surface impregnated with ink and immediately on the white paper to imprint the sole on the paper (27). ...
Introduction: By reduction or absence of the medial longitudinal arch in flatfoot deformity, a large part of the contact forces of the body weight transmit to the upper joints. The present study investigated weight distribution on the lower limbs and the external moment around the ankle in women with flatfoot. Materials and Methods: The statistical population included women students aged 19 to 25 years in Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran. The control group was composed of twelve healthy women, and 37 with flatfoot deformity were divided into three experimental groups. Those in the experimental group 1 had unilateral flatfoot deformity, group 2 had rigid bilateral flatfoot deformity, and group 3 had flexible bilateral flatfoot deformity. The displacement of the center of pressure in the mediolateral and anteroposterior directions was calculated for assessing weight distribution on the lower limbs and the external moment around the ankles. Force plate and 8 motion analysis cameras were used to collect data. MATLAB and SPSS software were used to calculate the displacement of the center of pressure and statistical analysis, respectively. Results: Experimental groups 2 and 3 and the control group significantly used the right leg for bearing body weight (P < 0.001); while in the experimental group 1, there was no significant difference in weight distribution on a flat or normal foot. There was no significant difference in the mean displacement of the center of pressure between the experimental and control groups. Only in experimental groups 2 and 3, there was a significant difference between the mean displacement of the center of foot pressure under the right and left feet (P = 0.020). Conclusion: Women with bilateral flatfoot are more subjected to external moment acting on one foot, which is the same foot that bears body weight in a standing position for a longer time.
... Foot morphology of junior football players (146 soccer and 122 rugby players) was measured to determine implications for football shoe design (Soper et al. 2001). Given there were differences between right and left foot sizes in length and width in many players, it was recommended that shoe companies sell shoes with the option of different sizes for each foot. ...
Physique assessment is important for many sports ergonomics applications. Examples from sports including cycling, rowing, tennis and golf and shoe and clothing design for able-bodied athletes are initially provided. The final section focuses on athletes with a disability to illustrate the use of athlete dimensions for sports ergonomics applications to optimise performance in adults and child athletes.
The prevalence of pes planus was determined in an adult Nigerian population in Anambra State, Southeast Nigeria. A total of 649 subjects comprising 325 males and 324 females aged 18-27 years were used for the study. The dynamic footprints of the subjects were obtained using endorsing ink and plain duplicating paper. Based on the objective index developed by Qaura et al, (1980) the contact index II was determined as the ratio of the contact width to the total width of the footprints. Descriptive statistics for each variable included mean and standard deviation (SD). Mean ±1-2SD was regarded as normal but greater than that was considered as pes planus. A total of 45 subjects had pes planus comprising 22 males and 23 females. The overall prevalence of pes planus was 13.9% with a prevalence of 6.8% among males and 7.1% among females. Bilateral pes planus was commoner among males (4.9%) than females (4.0%). Unilateral pes planus was commoner among females (3.1%) compared to males (1.9%). The results showed that the prevalence of pes planus was higher (P<0.05) among females than males in our study.
The prevalence of pes planus was determined in an adult Nigerian population in Anambra State, Southeast Nigeria. A total of 649 subjects comprising 325 males and 324 females aged 18-27 years were used for the study. The dynamic footprints of the subjects were obtained using endorsing ink and plain duplicating paper. Based on the objective index developed by Qaura et al, (1980) the contact index II was determined as the ratio of the contact width to the total width of the footprints. Descriptive statistics for each variable included mean and standard deviation (SD). Mean ±1-2SD was regarded as normal but greater than that was considered as pes planus. A total of 45 subjects had pes planus comprising 22 males and 23 females. The overall prevalence of pes planus was 13.9% with a prevalence of 6.8% among males and 7.1% among females. Bilateral pes planus was commoner among males (4.9%) than females (4.0%). Unilateral pes planus was commoner among females (3.1%) compared to males (1.9%). The results showed that the prevalence of pes planus was higher (P<0.05) among females than males in our study.
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