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Global Waste Management Outlook, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and International Solid Waste Association (ISWA)
Abstract
Good decision-making about how we manage the waste we create is one of the most important contributions
humanity can make to reducing its impact on the natural world. The Global Waste Management Outlook
(GWMO) is being released at a critical moment, one where the world is considering a new regime to keep
global warming to below 2 degrees above pre-industrial temperatures, and, at the same time, discussing what
the future development agenda will look like and how it will be funded.
The GWMO is the first comprehensive, impartial and in-depth assessment of global waste management.
It reflects the collective body of recent scientific knowledge, drawing on the work of leading experts and the
vast body of research undertaken within and beyond the United Nations system. The six chapters inform the
reader about trends, provide an analysis on governance and financial mechanisms, and offer policy advice on
the way forward. The main document targeting professionals is accompanied by two summary documents,
one for decision makers and the other for the public more broadly.
This GWMO offers a profound analysis of the enormous potential better waste management provides to assist
in meeting the sustainability challenges ahead.
... Waste can either be solid, liquid, and gasses; and each type has its own method of disposal and management. The solid waste is generated by domestic households, commercial land industrial enterprises, mining, municipality, agricultural operations, and healthcare and institutional activities, as well as on the streets and public places by the general population (Wilson et al., 2015). ...
... Hazardous waste has physical, chemical, or biological characteristics and requires special handling and disposal procedures to avoid negative health effects, adverse environmental effects or both. Characteristics of these wastes are toxic, oxidizing, explosive, flammable, irritant, corrosive, carcinogenic, infectious, and mutagenic (Wilson et al., 2015). Non-hazardous wastes do not have intrinsically dangerous or toxic properties. ...
... For example, biomedical WM can protect bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Adequate WM can decrease disease-carrying vectors, such as flies, rodents, and mosquitoes that thrive in waste and spread various diseases, such as dengue fever, malaria, and cholera (Wilson et al., 2015). ...
Wastes are defined as the generation of valueless substances that are thrown away after their use that result negative impacts on human health as well as increased pollution of land, air, and water. Some major causes of increased wastes are local and global economic development, urbanization, and improving living standards in cities. Waste management (WM) is a comprehensive type of activities that encompass the collection, handling, transportation, treatment, storage, processing, recycling, and disposal of wastes efficiently. Ineffective and inefficient WM results in greenhouse gas (GHG) and toxic emissions, and the loss of precious materials and resources. It creates an unhealthy and unhygienic living environment, and it is responsible for the spread of diseases, and pollution of lakes and water bodies leading to loss biodiversity. An integrated WM approach is a crucial part for sustainable development strategies and for saving environment, and maintaining proper healthcare. This study takes an attempt to discuss WM policy to reduce the dangerous effects of wastes on the environment and human health.
... [1][2][3] It is esti-mated that approximately 8300 megatonnes (Mt) of plastic have been produced since the 1950s, with the demand for plastics escalating from 2 Mt per year to 368 Mt per year in the last seven decades, with predictions forecasting a quadrupling of this demand by 2050. [4][5][6] According to a 2018 US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) study, 35.7 million tons of plastic garbage were produced in the US, accounting for 12.2% of all municipal solid waste. 7,8 In addition to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles, this waste material also includes polyethylene (PE), and polypropylene (PP) as bags, wraps, automotive parts, construction materials, bottles, etc. 9 Based on European data, the EU produced approximately 34.4 kg of plastic packaging waste per resident in 2019. ...
Here we describe the solventless catalytic deconstruction of polyethylene-terephthalate (PET) under an aerobic atmosphere, mediated by an earth-abundant, low-cost activated carbon (AC)-supported single-site molybdenum-dioxo catalyst (AC/MoO 2 ). Catalytic amounts of AC/MoO 2 ...
... However, it remains a major challenge in developing countries (Rosa et al., 2020). Inefficient manufacturing processes and inadequate product recycling initiatives exacerbate this dilemma (Wilson et al., 2015). Implementing effective waste management strategies, including comprehensive regulations and policies, could help mitigate these challenges (Kristianto, Suratman, and Yani, 2023). ...
The circular economy represents a groundbreaking economic model that transforming waste into valuable products, potentially benefiting regional and national economies. This research explores the correlation between household waste management and its impact on environmental degradation and public health. Employing the System Dynamics method, the study delves into the intricacies of real-world system behavior, examining causal links and interrelationships within a system of interconnected sub-systems. Utilizing mental data, including scientific publications, mass media news, and expert opinions, alongside quantitative time series, the research focuses on the limitations of household waste management in addressing air and water pollution, posing potential health risks. Findings indicate a connection between population growth and increased waste generation, predominantly from residential sources. Unmanaged waste creation threatens air and water quality, emphasizing the importance of waste management in minimizing pollutants for improved public health. Aligning with the circular economy's 3R concept, effective waste management not only mitigates environmental impact but also holds the potential to enhance income generation. The circular economy's recycling and green entrepreneurship promotion can stimulate investments, fostering job creation. Collaborative efforts between governments and business owners can further support distribution and marketing channels, encouraging local self-sufficiency
... Around two billion people worldwide lacked waste collection facilities, and three billion lacked appropriate disposal systems, prior to the COVID-19 era (Wilson, 2015). The outbreak of COVID-19 has undoubtedly outpaced public awareness of the dangers of plastic pollution, driving locals to become more reliant on plastic and creating a new plastic waste crisis (Vanapalli et al., 2021). ...
Plastic products particularly personal protection equipment (PPE) played a pivotal role in safeguarding public health amid the COVID-19 pandemic. The frequent utilization of PPE disrupted the waste management practices and supply chain systems. The enormous volume of disposable plastic commodities, encompassing masks, gloves, aprons, sanitizer, and food packaging materials have been discharged indiscriminately into the environment, contributing to already accumulated plastic debris on the ocean floor and around coastal regions. Knowing how much plastic garbage is produced and how different nations are handling their plastic waste management is especially more important in the current pandemic situation. In this chapter, we have thoroughly covered the usage of plastics besides types and amount of plastic waste generated during the COVID-19 pandemic. This chapter also discusses the impact of plastic pollution on humans as well as the environment. Further we have stressed to necessitate circular economy for proper management of pandemic generated plastic waste, underlining the disadvantages of linear economy. Lastly, the effectiveness concerning the circular economy for handling plastic garbage in different countries during the COVID-19 epidemic have been discussed. When managed judiciously and synergistically integrated with circular economy initiatives focusing on3Rs, plastic can act as a protector, avoiding leakage into the environment during these tough times.
Rapid urbanization and high population density have intensified the challenges of municipal solid waste management (SWM) in Dhaka, a megacity where effective governance is a critical factor. This paper presents a good governance framework, ward-based approach (WBA) and explores its sustainability potential towards SWM. WBA has been modeled and implemented for over a decade in the collection phase. In-depth interviews of the experts, surveys, document reviews were conducted and then employed triangulation to analyze and cross-validate the information, providing deeper insights into WBA. The contributions of WBA were examined to purposively select three aspects of SWM sustainability: (a) feasibility of waste-to-energy incineration, (b) achievement of local sustainable development goals (SDGs) and (c) compliance with the national SWM Rules. This paper argues that WBA demonstrates a promising governance framework to enhance sustainability of SWM. However, the inherent operational challenges of WBA may hinder the success unless tackled carefully.
Purpose
This study reviews policies, green building regulations, key performance indicators (KPIs) and management methods related to construction and demolition waste (CDW) in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). It aims to develop a holistic framework based on the 3R (reduce, reuse and recycle) principles to assess the current status of circular economy (CE) deployment and identify key determinants for efficient CDW management.
Design/methodology/approach
A mixed-method approach was used, including desk-based searches, systematic literature reviews and searches of official government websites to review existing CDW management policies and methods in the UAE. Scholarly databases were reviewed to identify CDW management challenges from a 3R perspective. A conceptual CE framework based on the 3R principles was developed using the study's findings.
Findings
The study provides a comprehensive review of CDW management in the UAE, analyzing associated management challenges in the construction sector. It proposes a holistic 3R principles-based framework, emphasizing strategic steps in the building lifecycle, site waste management (SWM) plans, drivers for circular construction and systematic adoption guidelines for effective CE deployment to achieve sustainable CDW management in the UAE construction sector.
Originality/value
This study explores existing policies and challenges in CDW management in the UAE and offers a 3R principles-based framework for CE deployment in the construction sector. It provides valuable insights for manufacturers of recycled products and for integrating circularity into construction projects’ design and procurement processes.
This chapter addresses the issue of massive waste accumulations resulting from extraction activities, traditionally excluded from rehabilitation processes due to their perceived lack of economic and architectural value. Recently, increased environmental awareness has prompted the consideration of integrating waste materials into quarry rehabilitation. However, current interventions often lack a unified methodology to guide and systematize the adoption of effective criteria. The chapter argues that architectural interventions can significantly enhance quarry and landscape rehabilitation by transforming waste heaps into functional and valuable spaces.
Building on the research, this chapter establishes the groundwork for developing a practical reuse methodology to be applied in a case study in Portugal, as detailed in the following chapter. This methodology aims to explore innovative solutions for quarry rehabilitation and the reuse of extraction industry waste. Integrating inert materials into quarry rehabilitation aligns with the principles of circular economy, offering substantial benefits for landscape transformation. Revitalizing abandoned elements of the territory not only impacts the local economy and land management but also contributes to sustainable planetary use. This approach supports and advances the concepts of sustainability and circular economy by providing a new life cycle for neglected components of the landscape.
Today, the provision of good solid waste management is a tremendous challenge. This challenge is going to aggravate in the developing countries because of future population growth and increasing urbanisation. About 90 per cent of the future growth in world population will occur in Africa, and 83 per cent of the world population will be concentrated in the developing countries in Asia and Africa. The developing countries have also been witnessing rapid urbanisation, which adds to their waste management challenges because urban populations generate more waste than rural populations. Research on the current waste management practices shows the crucial dependence of the municipal authorities on the informal sector waste-pickers, who earn their livelihood by extracting recyclables from the waste stream. Waste-pickers help the municipal authorities effect savings on the collection/transportation of waste, landfill space, and landfill management costs. By making available recyclable materials made from natural resources, waste-pickers also help local and national economies draw benefits by the substitution of primary raw materials. However, the attitude of municipal authorities towards waste-pickers varies from hostility or indifference, to treating them as a useful segment of the waste management system. The results show that informal sector waste-pickers in Delhi find it hard to work in tandem with the formal system, they report various problems such as downside of new work mode, complain of unfair price for collected waste, extortion from goons and contractors, experience of health hazard, and joblessness in COVID-19. While there have been attempts to include informal sector workers alongside formal sector, the informal waste pickers continue to show distrust towards civic authorities and private companies and NGOs and prefer to work alone. Finally, the paper discusses the successful solid waste management systems that exist in various states of India and how Delhi can take inspiration from these systems.
Wastes are generated as a result of anthropogenic activities. The rapid
industrialization of human society in the twenty-first century has led to an increase
in the generation of industrial wastes that have negatively impacted humans and the
environment. While industrial operations and techniques have improved globally,
leading to a higher standard of living, economic prosperity, and healthcare delivery,
industries have continued to produce waste on a scale never before seen. This chapter
discussed industrial wastes, waste generation, and industries involved, waste disposal, landfilling as a disposal method, effects of waste disposal, modern techniques in industrial waste management, landfill sustainability, and regulations.
Keywords: industrial waste, waste generation, waste disposal, effect of disposal,
waste management, landfill sustainability and regulations
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.