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Self-compassion and psychological well-being

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... Bien que vivant dans des conditions précaires, certains enfants placés possèdent des qualités psychologiques exceptionnelles qui leur permettent d'avoir une attitude de bonté envers soi, de la reconnaissance, de l'acceptation sans jugement de leurs émotions, ou faiblesse et ils s'adaptent dans ces milieux de vie stressante et traumatique. D'ailleurs, les études ont démontré que certains enfants placés dans la plupart des institutions de placement social font preuve d'une perception positive de l'avenir, d'une forte estime de soi, d'une gentillesse envers soi, d'un sens élevé d'humanité partagée, d'une acceptation pleinement consciente et d'une forte capacité de résilience (Neff, 2003, 2004, Mbwaka Mandudi, 2006, Léveillée & Lapierre, 2008, Kibala Nzundu, 2019. ...
... Il s'agit dans ce contexte, de faire preuve de bienveillance, de bonté et de chaleur. Pour définir la bienveillance envers soi, Neff (2003 ;2004) fait référence à une attitude de bonté envers soi et y inclut la reconnaissance et l'acceptation sans jugement des émotions et de ses limites. Elle implique aussi la conscience et le contact avec ses émotions, sans que ces dernières submergent l'individu. ...
... Elle se manifeste par l'ouverture qui permet à la personne d'être sensible à ses propres souffrances, faiblesses et échecs (Neff, 2003, 2004, Neff etal., 2005. La gentillesse envers soi fait référence à l'acceptation de soi de façon globale, tout en faisant preuve d'une certaine ouverture face à ses propres faiblesses et imperfections et, ce, dans une attitude compréhensive. ...
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Cette étude visait à évaluer le niveau de bienveillance envers soi chez les enfants placés dans quelques orphelinats de la Ville de Kinshasa et d’identifier les facteurs y associés. Pour y parvenir, une enquête appuyée par une échelle d’évaluation de bienveillance envers soi de Neff (2003), traduction et validation française sur la population générale et clinique par Léveillée et Lapierre (2008) avait été réalisée auprès d’un échantillon occasionnel de 109 enfants placés dans trois orphelinats de la Ville de Kinshasa. Les résultats de cette investigation ont indiqué un niveau élevé de bienveillance envers soi chez les enfants placés de l’étude. En d’autres termes, les enfants placés interrogés éprouvent toujours un sentiment de gentillesse envers eux-mêmes, un sens de l’humanité partagée et un sentiment d’acceptation pleinement consciente. Les résultats issus de la régression linéaire simple ont révélé que l’âge, le niveau de scolarité, le sexe et l’orphelinat sont des facteurs associés à la bienveillance envers soi chez les enfants placés de l’étude.
... Neff and Beretvas (2013) also suggested that self-compassion is positively associated with the length of a romantic relationship. Firstly, self-compassion is highly related to emotional intelligence, a key variable in helping individuals to strengthen and maintain their relationships (Neff, 2004). Mindfulness in self-compassion encourages the view of negative emotions as a part of a dark cloud without overreacting to them, while common humanity involves tolerance and forgiveness. ...
... We found the relationships to be statistically significant. Earlier, we established that individuals with self-compassion are likely to have higher emotional intelligence which in turn may contribute to the strength and stability of the relationship (Neff, 2004). Mindfulness during self-compassion session encourages the individual to deal more healthily with their emotions whereas common humanity promotes tolerance and forgiveness, all of which suggested that self-compassion is positively associated with the strength and length of a romantic relationship (Neff & Beretvas, 2013). ...
... Based on the Social Exchange Theory, commitment can be considered as the cost of building a relationship (Homans, 1961;Liu, 2012). Both Neff (2004), and Dzwonkowska and Zak-Lykus (2015) claimed that individuals with high self-compassion reported hav ing a more positive attitude and higher emotional intelligence in handling life challenges. According to Frank (1988), commitment is not only referring to the promise of engaging oneself in a relationship but also facing all upcoming relationship challenges with the partner. ...
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Self-compassion plays a critical role in romantic relationships in that it improves relationship quality through trust, expressions of love, and commitment, leading to more satisfying relationships and well-being. Fewer studies have examined the role of self-compassion as a relationship enhancing variable, especially in the context of romantic relationships in non-Western countries such as Malaysia. The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between self-compassion, satisfaction in romantic relationships, and psychological well-being among young emerging adults in Malaysia. In addition, the mechanism of how self-compassion may contribute to well-being was examined by focusing on the mediating effects of trust, expression of love, and commitment. Participants were 400 Malaysians aged 18 to 25 who had been in a relationship for at least six months but were not married at the time of data collection. They completed an online survey consisting of the Self-Compassion Scale, the Trust in Close Relationships Scale, the Adapted Version of the Affection Communication Scale, the Commitment Scale, the Relationship Assessment Scale, and the Psychological Well-Being Scale. A significant positive relationship was found between self-compassion, satisfaction with romantic relationships, and psychological well-being. Participants reported high levels of trust and commitment but relatively low levels of love expression in romantic relationships. The relationship between self-compassion and romantic relationship satisfaction was confirmed by the mediating effects of trust, love expression, and commitment. This study provides a better understanding of how self-compassion contributes to romantic relationships and psychological well-being in a broader cultural context.
... Individuals who have self-kindness realise that they are not perfect, can fail, experience bad things in their lives, and accept the consequences for past actions. This awareness allows them to treat themselves more positively and avoid feelings of anger, frustration, and self-judgment (Neff & Germer, 2017;Neff, 2012;2003a). ...
... In particular, self-compassion plays an important role in protecting individuals' self-esteem, social connectedness, and self-efficacy, specifically in dealing with failure (Liao et al., 2021). Secondly, studying self-compassion in the rehabilitation of offenders also may have more benefits compared to self-esteem considering that high self-esteem can be associated with self-enhancement bias, self-narcissism, self-centeredness, and other negative mentalities which undermine well-being and increase perpetration (Murphy et al., 2005;Neff, 2011;Neff & Germer, 2017). In contrast, self-compassion can provide individuals with greater emotional resilience and stability and undistorted cognitive functions which enable them to gain motivations for self-change and improvement (Breines & Chen, 2012;Chen et al., 2022;Neff, 2009a;Neff et al., 2005;Neff et al., 2007;Neff, 2011;Zhang & Chen, 2016). ...
... An understanding of common humanity is an important foundation for being able to forgive and accept oneself and others (Long et al., 2020;Maynard et al., 2023;Mróz, 2022). Self-compassion is related to positive, optimistic, and grateful feelings that make individuals show acceptance of the imperfections in their life (Neff & Germer, 2017;Neff & Tirch, 2013;Reeves et al., 2021;Voci et al., 2019;Zhang & Chen, 2016). ...
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The present study investigates the role of self-compassion in generating change amongst violent extremists through a study of terrorist prisoners in Indonesia. The aim is to provide insights into the under-explored role of self-transformation and agency in the deradicalisation process by applying Neff’s concept of self-compassion, which comprises psychological processes of self-kindness, perceptions of common humanity, and mindfulness. The study draws on qualitative data derived from interviews with three terrorist inmates incarcerated in Porong Prison, Indonesia. All three participants were at the time of the interview participating in a deradicalisation program implemented in the prison. Interview data indicate that the components of self-compassion play a role in self-change reported by terrorist inmates. This included the expression of remorse, seeking God's forgiveness, the acceptance of consequences and human frailty, and the ability to not linger or fixate on negative thoughts and past decisions and actions. The results of this study indicate that self-compassion is a potentially important element in the deradicalisation process, and that the development of self-compassion is an additional method by which interventions can assist the process of desistance from violent extremism.
... In the related literature, it is mentioned that there are various factors positively influence teachers' psychological well-being as well as prevent burnout such as having high levels of self-compassion, self-regulation, and mindfulness (Abenavoli et al., 2013;Buchanan, 2017;Carmody & Baer, 2008;Chiesa & Serretti, 2009;Elreda et al., 2018;Homan, 2016;Jennings, 2014;Neff & Germer, 2017;Singh & Sharma, 2018;Whitehead, 2011). According to relevant studies in the literature, three factors which have bilateral relations between one another, are frequently used in research with teachers and a wealth of results have been obtained that have benefited teachers (Buchanan, 2017;Geldhof et al., 2010;Neff & Germer, 2017;Singh & Sharma, 2018;Whitehead, 2011). ...
... In the related literature, it is mentioned that there are various factors positively influence teachers' psychological well-being as well as prevent burnout such as having high levels of self-compassion, self-regulation, and mindfulness (Abenavoli et al., 2013;Buchanan, 2017;Carmody & Baer, 2008;Chiesa & Serretti, 2009;Elreda et al., 2018;Homan, 2016;Jennings, 2014;Neff & Germer, 2017;Singh & Sharma, 2018;Whitehead, 2011). According to relevant studies in the literature, three factors which have bilateral relations between one another, are frequently used in research with teachers and a wealth of results have been obtained that have benefited teachers (Buchanan, 2017;Geldhof et al., 2010;Neff & Germer, 2017;Singh & Sharma, 2018;Whitehead, 2011). For example, in the following the aforementioned factors are explained one by one and enriching through resources from the literature. ...
... In the literature related to self-compassion it has been argued that selfcompassion is highly associated with psychological well-being (Neff, 2009). In addition, self-compassion skills are critical for teachers regarding them dealing with work-related problems, increasing their teaching quality, developing positive relationships with students, decreasing their level of stress, and preventing negative physical and psychological outcomes related to stress such as depression and anxiety (Hwang et al., 2019;Neff & Germer, 2017). The second factor mentioned is self-regulation, which is defined as managing actions, emotions, thoughts, impulses, and/or appetites in the desired way for benefits in both the long and short term (McClelland et al., 2018). ...
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Teacher characteristics are one indicator which might affect teachers’ teaching practices. The current study was focused on several characteristics that might have an effect on teaching practices. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between self-compassion skills, self-regulation skills, and mindfulness scores of pre-service early childhood teachers and reveal the moderator function of mindfulness in the relationship between self-compassion and self-regulation skills. To accomplish this aim, correlational research method was used and multiple regression analysis was applied to data collected from 213 pre-service teachers. Data were collected through four different instruments: “Personal Information Form, Self-Compassion Scale, Self-Regulation Questionnaire, and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale.” As a result, a significant relationship between self-compassion and self-regulation skills and a statistically significant relationship between self-compassion skills and mindfulness scores were found. Also, a statistically significant relationship between self-regulation skills and mindfulness scores was revealed. Finally, a moderator effect on the relationship between self-regulation and self-compassion skills of participants was discovered. As a result of the consideration of the related literature, the importance of mindfulness practices for pre-service teachers will be highlighted.
... Self-kindness describes a positive and kind attitude toward the self in the face of difficult experience, common humanity reminds us that suffering can be seen as part of a shared human experience, strengthening feelings of connection rather than isolation, and mindfulness refers to reflecting on all feelings in a balanced and more neutral way, as opposed to getting caught up in negative emotions or rumination (Neff, 2003b). The components are seen as working together to reduce negative emotional states (Dreisoerner, Junker, & van Dick, 2021;Phillips, 2019), making self-compassion a useful resource in cultivating psychological well-being and improving mental health (Neff, 2003b(Neff, , 2004(Neff, , 2011. ...
... It integrates existing findings and offers an overview for future empirical investigation and potential meta-analysis. There is substantial evidence that self-compassion is a learnable skill that benefits both clinical, as well as in the general population (Ferrari et al., 2019) and represents an interesting aspect in different levels of prevention of mental health or physical problems (Neff, 2004;Zessin et al., 2015). Researching underlying mechanisms has inherent implications for health and clinical psychology, e.g., the improvement of psychotherapeutic interventions. ...
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Self-compassion is characterized by a self-directed sense of kindness, recognition of common humanity, and mindfulness in times of suffering or perceived inadequacy. There is strong evidence that self-compassion improves both facets of mental health including higher psychological well-being and lower levels of psychopathology. However, the specific mechanisms how self-compassion improves mental health are still subject to study and debate. This systematic review examines mediators and neurophysiological processes in that relationship. Based on our review, we introduce a transactional model that links self-compassion and mental health. We argue that changes in self-compassion, psychological coping and emotion regulation, as well as changes in emotion, cognition, behavior, and self-concept mutually enhance each other. We further propose that changes in self-compassion and emotion regulation are mediated through different neurophysiological processes that initiate a cascade of physical adjustments. Our model provides an empirically testable framework for future research and invites empirical examination. This review integrates research on mechanisms between self-compassion and mental health and presents insights for researchers, clinicians, and other practitioners interested in mental health. Through an improved theoretical understanding how self-compassion is formed and how it affects mental health, interventions can be improved, which can benefit clinical and non-clinical populations alike.
... Yani bireylerin öz şefkat düzeyi arttıkça psikolojik esnekliğin etki gücü öz şefkatin affetme düzeyine etkisini arttırmaktadır. Öz şefkatle ilişkili olan bireyler, kendilerine nezaketle yaklaşmanın yanı sıra başkalarına da aynı duygularla yaklaşma eğilimindedir, bu da onları affetme tutumuna yönlendirir (Neff & Germer, 2017;Sarıçam & Biçer, 2015). Neff ve Pommier'in (2012) araştırmasına göre, öz şefkat ile affetme arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı düzeyde bir ilişki bulunmaktadır. ...
... Birey davranışlarını çirkin, kötü olarak yargılamadığında kendine karşı nezaketli olabilir ve bu sayede kendine şefkat gösterebilir. Birey kendine şefkat gösterdiğinde hatanın, incetmenin herkesin başına gelebileceğini bilir ve affetme eğilimi gösterebilir (Neff & Germer, 2017). Affetme ve öz şefkatte de geçmiş ya da geleceğe takılı kalmadan anda kalmak oldukça elzemdir. ...
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Bu çalışmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinde öz şefkat ile affetme arasındaki ilişkide psikolojik esnekliğin düzenleyici rolünü incelemektir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu 2022-2023 eğitim-öğretim yılında, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Afyonkarahisar Kocatepe Üniversitesinde öğrenime devam eden 205’i kadın (%51,5) 193’ü erkek (%48.5 toplam 398 öğrencinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri SPSS 23 paket programı ile Hayes Process Macro programı kullanılarak çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda öz şeffat ile affetme arasında psikolojik esnekiğin düzenleyici rolü olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada kapsamında erişilen bulgular tartışılmış ve öneriler sunulmuştur.
... Caregivers of children and teens who have endured trauma exposure may blame or react harshly toward themselves for believing they did not protect their children from harm (Neff, 2004). Because parental psychological difficulty has been associated with increased trauma symptomology in children (Yasinski et al., 2016), interventions which have the potential to reduce parent psychopathology may indirectly have a positive impact on children's trauma symptoms. ...
... Some individuals may perceive opening oneself to compassion as a sign of weakness, as setting oneself up for disappointment with others (Gilbert, 2009). Further, self-compassion may be confused with self-pity or feeling sorry for oneself (Neff, 2004). Traumatized individuals often feel intense feelings of shame and self-criticism, which is associated with fear of compassion (Gilbert, 2014). ...
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In this review, we summarize current evidence for compassion-based approaches for PTSD and the potential for their application to the adolescent PTSD population. Exposure to traumatic events is common in adolescence and PTSD remains a public health crisis. Accessibility, willingness, and engagement are significant barriers to established treatments for PTSD, with attrition rates as high as 50 %. Compassion-based therapies provide potential solutions to treatment obstacles by providing a non-threatening, transdiagnostic option unburdened by aspects of current trauma treatment which may be associated with treatment resistance (e.g., exposure, trauma narrative, induction of fear). Compassion-based approaches are intuitive for trauma treatment, as compassion activates the self-soothing system, thereby disarming the fear system and promoting affect regulation. Compassion-based treatments demonstrate reductions across a substantial range of PTSD symptoms in adults, however, in adolescents extant literature is sparse, with cross-sectional studies suggesting self-compassion is inversely associated with trauma-related psychopathology. Understanding the impact of compassion-based approaches on adolescent PTSD is warranted as the adolescent developmental period may be a particularly opportune time for this approach. Evaluation of the impact of compassion-based treatment on adolescent PTSD in clinical populations via randomized-controlled studies and comparison of its relative efficacy to current evidence-based practices is warranted.
... Doğu literatüründe yaygın bir kullanımı olan öz-anlayış kavramı batı literatürü için oldukça yeni bir kavramdır. Yapılan çalışmalarda öz-anlayış kavramının psikolojik iyi oluş, iyimserlik, yaşam doyumu, mutluluk, psikolojik dayanıklılık gibi pek çok kavram ile pozitif ilişkili olup psikolojik sağlık için önemli kavramlardan biri olduğu da kanıtlanmıştır (Neff, 2003a;Neff, 2004). ...
... Homan (2016) concluded that the psychological well-being of late adult individuals with high self-compassion levels is also high. In addition, Neff (2004) examined the relationship Ozdemir M. & Çetinceli K. (2023). Psikolojik iyi oluş ve öz-anlayış: sosyal çalışmacı örneklemi üzerinde bir araştırma. ...
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Bu araştırma, öz-anlayış ile psikolojik iyi oluş arasındaki ilişkiyi konu edinmektedir. Bu kapsamda, kolayda örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak 351 sosyal çalışmacıya ulaşılmış olup Öz-Anlayış Ölçeği ve Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği kullanılarak veriler toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, SPSS-25 istatistik programında analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, sosyal çalışmacıların öz-anlayış ile psikolojik iyi oluş düzeyi arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı ilişki belirlenmiştir. Yine araştırmada öz-anlayış düzeyinin psikolojik iyi oluş düzeyi üzerinde %23 oranında yordayıcı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre çocukluk dönemindeki anne baba tutumu ile çocuklukta duygusal veya fiziksel şiddet görme durumunun sosyal çalışmacıların öz-anlayış ile psikolojik iyi oluş düzeylerinde anlamlı bir fark oluşturduğu belirlenmiştir. İlave olarak çocukluk döneminde demokratik anne baba tutumuna sahip olan katılımcıların öz-anlayış seviyesinin daha yüksek olduğu, demokratik anne baba tutumuna sahip katılımcıların psikolojik iyi oluş düzeylerinin suçlayıcı ve tutarsız anne baba tutumuna sahip olan katılımcıların psikolojik iyi oluş düzeyinden daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Son olarak araştırma sonuçlarına göre öz-anlayış ve psikolojik iyi oluş düzeylerinin cinsiyet, yaş grubu, medeni durum ve çalışılan alana göre anlamlı bir fark göstermediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
... Of particular relevance to the current study, research consistently indicates that self-compassion has the potential to enhance a number of known protective factors that can aid students during the process of adjusting to their first year at university. Highlighted protective factors include a sense of community and belonging, greater perceived social support, optimism, perceived competence, and the use of cognitive reappraisal when faced with unpleasant experiences (Brodar et al., 2015;Doorley et al., 2022;Neff & Germer, 2017;Viskovich & De George-Walker, 2019;Wang & Lou, 2022). As Poots and Cassidy (2020) have postulated, self-compassion and social support mediate the relationship between academic stress and well-being. ...
... Research on self-compassion in student populations has relied largely on quantitative research designs, consistently finding self-compassion to be a robust protective factor in adjustment to university (Brodar et al., 2015;Doorley et al., 2022;Neff & Davidson, 2016;Neff & Germer, 2017;Poots & Cassidy, 2020;Scott & Donovan, 2021;Viskovich & De George-Walker, 2019;Wang & Lou, 2022;Yu et al., 2023). Recently, Ferrari et al. (2022), have advocated for understanding self-compassionate behaviour as a system of interacting processes that may be influenced by time frame, current situation and the individual, thereby highlighting the value of researching individuals' everyday experiences. ...
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Despite high enrolment rates at higher education institutions, a perturbing number of first-year university students discontinue their studies. As first-year students constitute a vulnerable group, it is important to investigate ways in which to facilitate their adjustment to university. Extant research within student populations, including first-year students, deems self-compassion to be a robust protective factor in adjustment to university. However, studies rely largely on quantitative research designs, overlooking the voices and everyday experiences of first-year students. Accordingly, this study aimed to qualitatively explore experiences and practices of self-compassion amongst first-year students when faced with the challenges of adjusting to university. To capture in-depth, rich, thick contextual data, 12 South African first-year students participated in semi-structured interviews in their first semester, while follow-up interviews were conducted with 9 participants in the second semester. Themes generated through reflexive thematic analysis highlighted the yin and yang of self-compassion as a valuable conceptual tool to understand and promote first-year students’ experiences and practices of self-compassion. Further, students’ experiences of self-compassion are more nuanced and contradictory than previous research has indicated. Lastly, receiving social support and being self-compassionate constitute reciprocal processes that students engage with in distinct ways, affecting both the depth and breadth of their experiences. Based on this research, self-compassion is vital for strengths-based mental health programmes amongst first-year students. Programmes should promote the practice of the yin and the yang of self-compassion, foster an accepting approach to experiences, and recognise the nuanced, potentially contradictory nature of self-compassion.
... Taken together, the benefits of self-compassion are far reaching, as both clinical and non-clinical populations report the utility of self-compassion for decreasing anxiety (Bates et al., 2021), rumination (Blackie & Kocovski, 2018), and depression (Hughes et al., 2021), as well as for improving resiliency (Alizadeh et al., 2018), physical and psychological wellbeing (Neff & Germer, 2017), and life satisfaction (Kim & Ko, 2018). Of particular relevance to the present study, recent research suggests self-compassion is strongly associated with quality of life in adults who stutter (Croft & Byrd, 2020). ...
... To address the need for an accessible resource for improving self-compassion and quality of life in adults who stutter, the researchers developed an online selfcompassion program based on an in-depth review of the "Mindful Self-Compassion Workbook" (Neff & Germer, 2017), online self-compassion interventions used with other populations (e.g. Finlay-Jones et al., 2017;Krieger et al., 2016;Rao & Kemper, 2017), online interventions for persons who stutter (e.g. ...
Article
Purpose: The primary aim of this pilot study was to determine the preliminary effectiveness of an online self-compassion intervention for improving self-compassion and quality of life in adults who stutter. A secondary aim was to determine intervention acceptability and participant satisfaction. Method: Participants included adults who stutter who completed an online self-compassion module once a week for six consecutive weeks. Pre- and post-intervention measures included the Self-Compassion Scale-Trait and the Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering. Participants also completed acceptability questionnaires weekly and post-intervention via quantitative and qualitative reports. Result: Ten participants completed all six intervention modules, as well as pre- and post-intervention measures. Participants reported increased self-compassion and improved quality of life at post-intervention, as well as high intervention acceptability with regard to delivery format, content, duration, and relevance to stuttering and daily life. Individual variation was also observed across acceptability domains. Conclusion: The present study provides pilot data supporting the use of online modules to increase self-compassion and decrease the negative impact of stuttering on the quality of life among adults who stutter. Future studies should employ larger sample sizes, compare outcomes to a control group, and determine if gains are maintained over time.
... Ebeveyn tutumlarının olumsuz geliştiği durumlarda bireyin hayatındaki temel dinamikler üzerinde önemli psikolojik sorunlar oluşabilir (Çetinkale, 2004) ve öz-şefkat bu dinamiklerden biridir (Neff, 2004). Erken dönem yaşanmışlıkları ve yetiştirilme tarzları yetişkinlikteki öz-şefkat düzeyinde belirleyici bir rol oynamaktadır ve kişinin içinde bulunduğu çevre öz-şefkat gelişiminde oldukça önemlidir (Neff, 2003a). ...
... Pierwszy z tych komponentów, życzliwość do siebie, jest przeciwieństwem osądzania siebie i autokrytycyzmu, i można go określić jako zdolność do bycia życzliwym i łagodnym wobec siebie w obliczu trudności i niepowodzeń, a także wyrozumiałym wobec własnych błędów i słabości. Drugi z nich, poczucie współdzielenia ludzkich doświadczeń, zakłada, że cierpienie jest nieuniknionym ludzkim doświadczeniem wspólnym wszystkim ludziom, w przeciwieństwie do postrzegania go jako źródła izolacji [9]. Trzecim wymiarem jest uważność, która zakłada zaobserwowanie i uświadomienie sobie własnych bolesnych doznań i uczuć, bez nadmiernej identyfikacji z nimi, a co za tym idzie -bez prób pozbycia się ich, tłumienia, wypierania i unikania [7]. ...
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Cel pracy Celem pracy była polska adaptacja skróconej Skali Współczucia Wobec Siebie (SCS-SF) oraz ocena jej właściwości psychometrycznych i struktury czynnikowej. Metoda W badaniu wzięły udział 596 osoby dorosłe (wieku 18-50 lat) z populacji ogólnej w tym 459 kobiet oraz dodatkowo 47 osób które zbadano dwa razy z miesięcznym odroczeniem celem oceny stabilności narzędzia. Procedura adaptacji została przeprowadzona z zachowaniem wierności tłumaczenia oryginalnej wersji skali. Rzetelność pomiaru oceniono za pomocą wskaźnika spójności wewnętrznej alfa Cronbacha oraz metody test-retest. Trafność zbieżną oceniono za pomocą analizy współczynników korelacji między wynikami SCS-SF a nasileniem: uważności (mindfulness, rozumianej jako cecha), satysfakcji z życia, poczucia własnej wartości, akceptacji doświadczeń oraz poziomem lęku i depresji. Stabilność pomiaru oceniano za pomocą współczynników korelacji wewnątrzklasowej zastosowanych do dwóch kolejnych pomiarów. Trafność czynnikową zweryfikowano za pomocą konfirmacyjnej analizy czynnikowej. Wyniki Wyniki wykazały, że SCS-SF w wersji polskiej ma satysfakcjonującą spójność wewnętrzną oraz stabilność. Analiza konfirmacyjna sugeruje obecność jednego głównego czynnika – globalnej oceny współczucia wobec siebie. Wnioski SCS-SF mierzy globalny poziom współczucia do siebie i może służyć do jej pomiaru szczególnie w badaniach o dużych ograniczeniach czasowych. W celu uzyskania informacji o podskalach współczucia wobec siebie wskazane jest używanie pełnej wersji SCS.
... The job of a school counselors, which is a job with a care giver category, requires self -compassion, where self -compassion has a signif icant ef fect on individual perf ormance, which is shown by individuals being able to deal with their negative f eelings at work and having a high tendency of motivation to try again when experiencing f ailure or mistakes at work (Arı & Erdoğan, 2022). This is because self -compassion can reduce anxiety and depression while controlling negative af f ec t and self -critical tendencies (Nef f & Germer, 2017). ...
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In this study, 115 participants were randomly chosen using a lottery system. Three research instruments, including a social support instrument with 32 valid items and a reliability coefficient of 0.769, were used to compile the study's findings on a Likert scale. Cronbach's alpha for the 26 self-compassion instrument items is 92. There were 15 legitimate elements included in the performance instrument, and its reliability coefficient was 0.878. Concurrent findings from two tests, with a Fcount of 5.203 (Fcount>Ftable) and a 0.007 significance level. These findings suggest a causal link between school counselors' social support and self-compassion and their effectiveness. The values (r) 0.437 and 0.243 with significance (p 0.007) and (p 0.009) demonstrate a favorable association between social support and performance and self-compassion to the performance, respectively. With an R2 of 0.298, we can say that social support and self-compassion contribute effectively to performance by 29.8 percent. With an adequate contribution of 21.4% for social support and just 8.4% for self-compassion, it is clear that social support has a stronger association with performance. This study found that school counselors in Central Jakarta who reported higher levels of social support and self-compassion also reported better levels of job satisfaction.
... Three validated instruments were chosen for this research: namely, ProQol by Stamm and collaborators (2010), for the evaluation of the quality of professional life, the IRI-Interpersonal Reactivity Index (Davis, 1983;Contardi et al., 2018) for the evaluation of the empathetic attitude; finally, the SCS-Self-Compassion Scale (Neff, 2004;Veneziani et al., 2017), to assess the levels and quality of intrapersonal awareness. ...
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Although most professionals who have chosen to work with children and families living in vulnerable situations are motivated by a genuine desire to care for people, when they go through some emotionally challenging experiences, they are also exposed to various syndromes such as compassion fatigue, vicarious trauma and burnout. The aim of this article is to present a research-training course that has been implemented to promote greater professional wellbeing and the co-construction of supportive working communities among social work professionals. In line with a critical-emancipatory approach, a research-training pathway was chosen, which also allowed the outcomes of the pathway to be evaluated using qualitative interviews and validated tests. The study involved 75 professionals from central-northern Italy. The analysis of the data collected showed that workshops and various activities proposed gave the professionals the opportunity to share their vulnerability with others, and to feel a greater sense of belonging to a supportive community.
... Selfcompassion includes self-kindness (i.e., being warm and understanding), common humanity (i.e., perceiving suffering as part of the human experience), and mindfulness (i.e., balancing emotions) (Neff, 2003). With self-compassion, individuals may experience positive organizational outcomes such as psychological well-being (Neff, 2004) and reduced burnout (Schabram & Heng, 2022). ...
... Neff (2003) defined selfcompassion as a construct with three components: selfkindness versus self-judgment, common humanity versus isolation, and mindfulness versus over-identification. Today, the combination of these three related components characterizes an individual who is compassionate towards themselves (Neff & Germer, 2017;Neff, 2019). The fundamental principles of compassion-based therapy suggest that thoughts, feelings, images, and soothing behaviors from outside should become internalized, and in this case, the human mind becomes calm in the face of these internalizations, just as it reacts to external factors. ...
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The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of compassion-based spouse-treating education on improving family relationships and forgiveness among married deaf and hard of hearing men in Isfahan. This research was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design, or control group. The sample consisted of 30 volunteer men from the deaf or hard of hearing population in Isfahan, who were non-randomly (conveniently) assigned to either the experimental or control groups, with the control group being on a waiting list. The experimental group received an educational package over 8 sessions of 120 minutes each. The research tools were the Olson and Barnes Family Relationships Questionnaire (2004) and the Thompson et al. Forgiveness Questionnaire (2005). Both groups were assessed at three stages: pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. Descriptive and inferential statistics (repeated measures analysis of variance) were used for data analysis (p < 0.01). The results showed that compassion-based spouse-treating education significantly improved family relationships and forgiveness. According to the findings of this research, it can be said that compassion-based spouse-treating education is an appropriate method for improving marital relationships and increasing forgiveness among deaf men.
... The content of the program was designed in accordance with the relevant literature before the study was implemented entia (Neff, 2004, Neff, 2013, Neff & Beretvas, 2013, Neff & Dahm, 2015, Smeets et al., 2014, Bluth et al., 2016. While preparing the program, the concepts and techniques of the individual-centered approach and the cognitive-behavioral approach were used. ...
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The objective of this randomized controlled trial was to examine the impact of a mindful self-compassion intervention on burden, express emotion, and mental well-being in family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. Standardized measures, including the ZARIT Caregiving Burden Scale, Expressed Emotion Scale and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale, were administered at baseline, post-intervention. Statistical analysis was conducted to assess differences between the two groups. Significant reductions in caregiver burden, expressed emotion, and enhanced mental well-being in the intervention group compared to the control group at post-intervention. The results of this randomized controlled trial indicate that the mindful self-compassion intervention significantly reduces caregiver burden, expressed emotion, and improves mental well-being in family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. These findings underscore the potential utility of mindful self-compassion interventions as effective support for this population, highlighting the importance of integrating such interventions into caregiver support programs.
... By possessing self-compassion, individuals are able to deal with their negative feelings at work and have a high tendency of motivation to try again when experiencing failure or mistakes at work (Arı & Erdoğan, 2022). This is because selfcompassion can reduce anxiety and depression while controlling negative affect and self-critical tendencies (Neff & Germer, 2017). ...
Article
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In this study, 115 people participants were selected through a simple random sampling using a lottery technique. The research data was collected using a Likert scale with three types of research instruments, namely the social support instrument, which consisted of 32 valid items with a reliability coefficient of 0.769. The self-compassion instrument consists of 26 valid items with a Cronbach's alpha of 92. The performance instrument consisting of 15 valid items with a reliability coefficient of 0.878. Simultaneous test results using an Fcount of 5.203 (Fcount>Ftable) with a significance of 0.007. These results indicate that there is a significant relationship between social support and self-compassion to the performance of school counselors. The partial correlation test shows that there is a significant positive relationship between social support and performance and self-compassion to the performance, as indicated by the values (r) 0.437 and 0.243 with a significance of 0.007 and 0.009 (p 0.05). The R2 value is 0.298, in which social support and self-compassion make a simultaneous effective contribution of 29.8% to performance. Social support provides a greater relationship to performance than self-compassion with an effective contribution of 21.4% for social support and 8.4% for self-compassion. Therefore, it can be concluded that all the hypotheses put forward confirmed to be proven in the sense that the higher the social support and self-compassion is, the higher the performance of school counselors in Central Jakarta.
... Previous findings suggest that self-compassion has several positive outcomes, including an increase in psychological well-being, flexibility and self-efficacy, motivation and self-esteem, physical health, positive interpersonal relationships, and a decrease in psychological pathology (Campion & Glover, 2017;Fuochi et al., 2018;Neff & Germer, 2017;Zhang et al., 2020;Savari et al., 2021). On the other hand, researchers have long focused on exploring how an individual's thoughts and feelings about themselves can affect their functioning within interpersonal relationships. ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate Iranian women’s experiences of the consequences of self-compassion as an intrapersonal source in marital relationships.The descriptive-interpretive qualitative method was adopted in this study. In the first step, we used the self-compassion scale to select a sample of 15 women (Mean Age = 47.66 years, SD = 2.46 years). In the second step, semi-structured interviews were conducted and data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings of this study suggested that self-compassion can bring cognitive, emotional, and behavioral resources to women in a marital relationship. Based on thematic analysis, the experiences of compassionate women in marital relationships were classified into three main themes and nine sub-themes: favorable behaviors (forgiveness, respect, and empathy), cognitive resources (optimism, cognitive emotion regulation, acceptance of own and partner imperfections), and positive feelings and emotions (happiness, safeness, satisfaction). Results imply that self-compassion may involve a set of positive intrapersonal self-resources containing a plethora of cognitive, affective, and behavioral benefits that may help achieve, maintain, and consolidate interpersonal relationships such as marital relationships.
... Caregiver dikenal dengan memberikan dukungan, kenyamanan dan kasih sayang kepada orang yang dirawatnya namun tidak memberikan kasih sayang kepada diri sendiri atau disebut juga dengan self-compassion (Neff, 2004). Self-compassion merupakan kemampuan dalam memberikan kepedulian terhadap diri sendiri dengan cara berbelas kasih ketika mengalami kesulitan dalam hidup (Neff, 2003b). ...
Article
This research aims to know the relationship between resilience with self-compassion of family caregiver people with schizophrenia. This hypothesis was there is relationship between resilience with self-compassion of family caregiver people with schizophrenia. The population of the study was a family caregiver people with schizophrenia at RS. Ernaldi Bahar, South Sumatera. The subject was 100 person and for tryout was 30 person. This study used insidental sampling technique. Resilience and self-compassion was measured by the scale of component resilience from grotberg (2003) with refererence to component from Grotberg (2003) and component self-compassion from Neff (2003). Data analysis using simple corelation Person’s Product Moment. The result of the correlation sperman showed that there is relationship between resilience with self-compassion of family caregiver people with schizophrenia with value of r= 0,921, and p=0,000 (p<0,05). It show that resilience has very strong and significant relationship with self-compassion. Thus the hypothesis is accepted.
... Hence, in such an interpersonal context, individuals might enter a process of escalating their emotions in synchrony (which has been termed a morphogenic process; Butler, 2011). However, when the social relations are relatively broad and tight, those who are more closely attuned to others may in fact benefit from gaining a sense of shared fate, solidarity, and what may be termed "common humanity" (i.e., "I am not alone in this, my feelings resemble those of others"; Neff, 2004). To sum, when one experiences one's social connections as strong and wide, attunement may often be beneficial as one may gain various emotional and cognitive perspectives, feel less isolated, and feel a sense of belongingness. ...
... According to Dahle (2003), teachers who have students with autism in their classrooms should receive training on instructional methods and intervention. Due to its subject and object, OIZ should be considered not only as a field of knowledge but also as a field of sensitivity (Neff, 2004). From this point of view, the training that sports sciences students receive under the name of pre-service education not only changes their own careers, but also contributes to the society having more knowledge. ...
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This study aimed to examine the attitudes of sports science students towards Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in the context of various variables. The research was conducted in a survey model. To determine the participants' attitudes towards Autism Spectrum Disorder, the "Autism Spectrum Disorder Attitudes Scale (ASDAS)" developed by Flood et al. (2013) and adapted to Turkish by Batum (2019) was employed as the data collection tool. Additionally, a 9-item personal information form was included in the data collection tool, addressing participants' gender, academic class, major, the presence of individuals with autism in their immediate surroundings, willingness to work with individuals with autism, participation in programs, seminars, or courses related to autism, knowledge about the educational settings and processes for individuals with autism, awareness of Autism Spectrum Disorder in society, and preferred educational environment for individuals with autism. The data collected from the participants were analyzed using SPSS-25 software. A total of 239 students, consisting of 89 females and 150 males, participated in the study. The results indicated significant differences in the attitudes of students towards Autism Spectrum Disorder concerning the gender variable and the knowledge sub-dimension of ASDAS, the desire to work with individuals with autism and the social attitude and personal distance sub-dimensions of ASDAS, knowledge about the educational settings and processes for individuals with autism and the personal distance sub-dimension of ASDAS, awareness of Autism Spectrum Disorder in society and the total score and knowledge sub-dimension of ASDAS, the major variable and the personal distance sub-dimension of ASDAS, and the preferred educational environment for individuals with autism and the social attitude and knowledge sub-dimensions of ASDAS. In conclusion, it was observed that attitudes towards Autism Spectrum Disorder are not solely determined by individuals' educational level or knowledge but are also influenced by social, cultural, and individual factors.
... In light of consistent evidence, Selfcompassion is inversely associated with psychopathology, especially anxiety and depression. It appears that selfcompassion may be cultivated either through a compassionate therapeutic relationship or by instructing clients to practice self-compassion exercises (Neff & Germer, 2017). Hence, this current study proposed to examine the relationship between Depression, Anxiety, Stress and Selfcompassion among young adults, considering the variety of beneficial outcomes from studies of the Self-Compassion intervention previously carried out on the psychological problems. ...
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Background: The Psychological distress of young adults is an area of increasing concern worldwide and has detrimental effect to individual and society. The main threats to young adult's mental health are the coping strategies they choose during distressing situations. Aim: The purpose of this Ex-post facto study was to assess the levels of Psychological distress and Self-compassion and to examine the relationship between Depression, Anxiety, Stress and Self-compassion among young adults. Further, to add to the existing knowledge of mental health among Indian young adults. Material and Methods: Data was collected from 60 young adults. Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21; Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995) was used to assess the levels of Psychological distress and Self-compassion Scale (SCS; Neff, 2003) to quantify the degree to which people treat oneself during difficult times. Correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between Psychological Distress and Self-compassion. Results: Psychological Distress was found to be high among 36 young adults. Correlation analysis indicated that Depression, Anxiety and Stress was negatively correlated with Self-compassion. Conclusion and Implications: The number of young adults with high levels of Psychological distress shows the need for early prevention measures, with the development of adequate and appropriate support services for young adults.
... "Duyarlık" alt boyutu kaynaştırma/bütünleştirme eğitimine yönelik duyarlık düzeylerini ifade etmektedir. Duyarlık; bireyin başka birinin çekmiş olduğu acıdan etkilendiğinde, acıdan kaçınmak ya da başkasının acısını görmezden gelmek yerine onu hissetmeye açık olduğunda ortaya çıkmaktadır (Neff, 2004). Özel eğitim alanı ve doğrudan kaynaştırma/bütünleşti rme eğitimi konusu, sadece bir bilgi içerikli alan değildir. ...
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Bu araştırmanın amacı otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB) olan bireylerin kaynaştırma/bütünleştirme eğitimine katılımına ilişkin öğretmen adayları tutum ölçeği geliştirmektedir. Araştırmaya eğitim fakültelerinde farklı bölümlerde öğrenim gören toplamda 285 öğretmen adayı katılmıştır. Katılımcıların %39’u (n=111) erkek, %61’i (n=174) kadındır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi (AFA) sonucunda ölçeğin eğitim ve öğretim, mesleki öz yeterlik ve duyarlık olmak üzere 3 faktörlü bir yapıya sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Eğitim-öğretim, mesleki öz yeterlik ve duyarlık alt boyutlarından oluşan üç faktörlü yapı toplam değişkenliğin %63,55’ini açıkladığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca araştırma bulgularında ölçeğin ortalama ve standart sapmaları ile boyutları arasındaki korelasyon değerlerine yer almaktadır. Ölçeğin güvenirliğinin anlaşılması açısından alt-üst grup madde ortalamalarına ilişkin gruplar arası karşılaştırmalar yapılmıştır. Alt ve üst %27’lik gruplar arası yapılan karşılaştırma sonuçlarının tüm maddeler için anlamlı olduğu görülmüştür. Elde edilen bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda ölçeğin 3 faktörlü yapısının eğitim fakültelerinde öğrenim gören öğretmen adaylarının otizmli bireylerin kaynaştırma/bütünleştirme eğitimine katılımına yönelik tutumlarının belirlenmesinde geçerli güvenilir bir araç olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.
... People with high self-compassion had higher levels of enjoyment, optimism, curiosity, and connectivity, as well as lower levels of anxiety, sadness, rumination, and fear of failure (Neff, 2009). Self-compassion works as an emotion regulation strategy that helps people to handle negative emotions with kindness which results in increased well-being (Inam et al., 2021;Neff, 2004). ...
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As a construct which promotes having compassion for ourselves, self-compassion has been found to have an inconsistent relationship with prosocial behaviour. However, the relationship between self-compassion and prosocial behaviour might be mediated by another predictor, such as empathy. The lack of literature discussing self-compassion in adolescents also encouraged this research. In this study, we examine the mechanism between self-compassion and prosocial behaviour through empathy as a possible mediating factor. Participants of this study were 303 adolescents in Indonesia aged 11-18 years old who filled out Self-Compassion Scale, Basic Empathy Scale and Prosocial Tendencies Measure-Revised. All the data were analyzed using the mediation analysis using approach introduced by Hayes. The results of statistical analysis showed there was a direct significant effect of self-compassionon prosocial behaviour (c = 0.10, p<0.05), and there was no significant effect from self-compassionon empathy (b=0.04, 95% CI [-0.030, 0.101]). Therefore, there was no indirect effect from self-compassionto prosocial behaviour through empathy. It can be concluded that empathy is not a mediator in the relationship between self-compassion and prosocial behaviour in adolescents.
... In recent decades, there has been a surge of interest in studying compassion and its impact on health and social well-being within Western psychological research. One specific area of focus has been self-compassion, which involves directing compassion towards oneself (Gilbert, 2006;Neff, 2003bNeff, , 2004. Researchers have investigated self-compassion as a potential method to help individuals overcome difficulties, leading to its application in interventions targeting diverse psychological disorders, medical conditions, and non-clinical populations (Braehler et al., 2013;Kelly & Carter, 2015;Ko et al., 2018;Krieger et al., 2019;Luo et al., 2018;Neff & Germer, 2013). ...
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Purpose Previous compassion scales measured correlates or consequences of compassion, included mindfulness in their definition and do not fully operationalize the affective, cognitive, behavioral, and interpersonal skills involved in cultivating compassion. The proposed Compassion Questionnaires towards Self (CQS) and Others (CQO) aim to operationalize compassion towards self and others by grounding them in affective, cognitive, behavioral, and interpersonal dimensions with each representing a set of skills that can be cultivated through training and practice. Methods Based on the proposed theoretical approach, the CQS and CQO items were developed through consultations with a panel of eight graduate students and a group of ten experts in the field. A series of three studies were conducted to validate the questionnaires and test their clinical utility. Results Results from the three studies suggested the merging of the affective and cognitive dimensions, yielding three independent dimensions for both the CQS and CQO. These findings were additionally supported by convergent and discriminant evidence. In addition, results suggested that CQS and CQO subscales’ scores are moderately associated with mindfulness measures and are sensitive to mindfulness training or meditation practice and experience. Conclusions. The CQS and CQO are the first questionnaires that operationalize compassion towards self and others as sets of affective, cognitive, behavioral, and interpersonal skills/abilities that are independent from mindfulness, and they have important theoretical and practical implications. Limitations as well as theoretical and practical implications of the CQS and CQO are thoroughly discussed.
... For example, Leary et al. (2007) treated self-compassion as both a trait and a state. Self-compassion is now often conceptualized as a character trait, a condition, and a learnable skill (Neff & Germer, 2017;Rabon et al., 2019). In this study, we adopt the broad definition of compassion, including trait and state components. ...
Article
Although previous research has shown that abuse can trickle down from managers to supervisors, it remains unclear why many abused supervisors do not perpetuate the abuse of their subordinates. To address this issue, drawing upon frustration‐aggression and self‐regulation theory, the current research investigated the underlying mechanism of frustration and the mitigative effects of self‐ and other‐compassion in the manager abuse—supervisor frustration—supervisor abuse circle. Across two field studies (a time‐lagged survey study, N = 381, and an experience sampling study, N = 66, with 593 daily observations), we find support for our arguments at both between‐ and within‐person levels. Our findings support that there is a positive indirect relationship between manager abuse and supervisor abuse via supervisor frustration and that the indirect effect is weaker among supervisors who possess higher levels of self‐ and other‐compassion. We discuss the implications for theory and human resource practice.
... Self-compassion means finding a way to ease oneself into difficult situations and to be kind and understanding about one's own weaknesses. Self-compassion has its origins in the spiritual culture of Buddhism, which is about respecting oneself and others, being kind, calm, empathetic, and patient when dealing with problems and difficult times, and supporting oneself and being strong in times of distress and disaster [15]. This trait-which mainly characterizes mentally healthy people-may even protect them from increasing psychopathological symptoms, as it activates resilience mechanisms against stress. ...
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The present study examined the association and complementary effect of self-compassion on the subjective happiness and psychological well-being of adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was based on a concurrent correlational design to examine relationships between self-compassion, subjective happiness, psychological well-being, resilience, and the meaning in life. Data were collected via a battery of questionnaires and analyzed, focusing on the above variables. The sample of this study (N = 526) consisted of Greek professionals in education and university students. The results showed that there is a strong positive relationship between self-compassion and subjective happiness, and between self-compassion and psychological well-being. The findings suggest that an attitude of self-compassion may well influence the development of psychological well-being and increase the subjective happiness of adults during the distressing era of a long-term pandemic. The results also indicated a positive relationship between self-compassion and meaning in life and showed that self-compassion is a prerequisite for resilience, which in turn may serve as a moderator of psychological well-being and subjective happiness.
... correlation with the original scale (Raes et al., 2011) and has been associated with lower levels of depression (r = −.51) and anxiety (r = −.65), and more satisfaction with life (r = .45; Neff, 2003b;Neff & Germer, 2017). Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form has been shown to be reliable in assessing collegiate athletes' self-compassion (Cormier et al., 2023). ...
Article
Given how COVID-19 had caused significant increases in collegiate athletes' psychological distress, we examined the extent to which such distress may have been ameliorated by the athletes' psychosocial resources (e.g., resilience). We used structural equation modeling to examine the direct and indirect relationships of resilience, self-compassion, and social support to women collegiate athletes' (N = 3,924; 81.2% White) psychological distress; athletes completed measures of these constructs from mid-April to mid-May 2020. Analyses revealed significant direct effects: More supported (β = -0.12 to -0.19), self-compassionate (β = -0.48 to -0.53), and resilient (β = -0.21 to -0.35) athletes experienced less psychological distress (R2 = .61-.65). Further, self-compassion and social support were related indirectly (and inversely) to psychological distress through higher levels of resilience. These psychosocial resources appear to have played a positive role in how athletes coped with the pandemic, being associated with less psychological distress. These findings have application beyond the pandemic, providing direction for how sport psychology professionals may assist athletes in maintaining their well-being.
... Pritom ne ignoriramo i ne potiskujemo vlastitu bol, već je osvještavamo kao aktualno iskustvo. Samosuosjećanje označava priželjkivanje dobrobiti za samoga sebe i nastojanje da si pomognemo u uklanjanju iskustva boli (Neff, 2004). ...
Article
Konstrukt samosuosjećanja u znanstvenoj se zajednici intenzivno proučava tijekom posljednjih dvadesetak godina. Samosuosjećanje je povezano s pozitivnim mentalnim zdravljem i otpornošću, a označava odnos pojedinca prema samome sebi u teškim trenucima. U ovome je radu predstavljena teorijska konceptualizacija toga konstrukta prema kojoj samosuosjećanje uključuje nekoliko međusobno povezanih komponenata: (1) ljubaznost prema sebi nasuprot samoosuđivanju, (2) zajedničku čovječnost nasuprot izolaciji te (3) usredotočenu svjesnost nasuprot pretjeranoj identifikaciji. Također su ponuđeni prikazi instrumenata kojima se mjeri konstrukt samosuosjećanja te nejednoznačnih rezultata istraživanja faktorske strukture najčešće korištenog instrumenta za mjerenje samosuosjećanja. Nadalje, prikazani su i rezultati pojedinih istraživanja u kojima su ispitivane individualne razlike u samosuosjećanju s obzirom na rod i dob. Cilj je ovoga preglednog rada integrirati rezultate dosadašnjih istraživanja u svrhu pružanja uvida u teorijsku konceptualizaciju konstrukta samosuosjećanja, kao i predstaviti različite načine njegova mjerenja, pri čemu je poseban naglasak stavljen na kritički osvrt povezan s njegovom operacionalizacijom. Predstavljene su i implikacije nalaza individualnih razlika u samosuosjećanju za praksu te prijedlozi za buduća istraživanja. Naposljetku, u radu je istaknuta potreba za provjerom predloženoga teorijskog modela samosuosjećanja u našemu kulturnom kontekstu, kao i za njegovom potencijalnom adaptacijom.
... Kristen Neff defines self-compassion as a nonjudgmental reframing of one's pain, inadequacies, and failures that improves well-being. 122 It is viewing oneself with kindness and warmth like you would a good friend rather than with harshness or punishment. It provides the safety needed to acknowledge mistakes rather than blaming someone else and never taking responsibility for one's hurtful actions. ...
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This study investigated the impact of compassion-based programs on gifted students’ emotional style, self-compassion, empathy, and well-being. The study conducted a quasi-experimental study of 30 academically gifted junior high school students in the eighth grade in Taiwan. Seventeen students were in the experimental group, and 13 were in the control group. The study adopted an emotional style scale, a self-compassion scale, an empathy scale, and a well-being scale. Covariance analysis was used to analyze the data. The results found that the students in the experimental group scored significantly higher than the students in the control group on some subscales and total scores of four tests in part. Students also learned more about themselves, identified and adjusted cognitive patterns, communicative skills, and so on, based on their feedback. The results provide some suggestions about future curriculum design, instruction, and counseling based on positive psychology.
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Psychological well-being is a positive evaluation of oneself that is derived from oneself and others, the ability to direct themselves and their environment, a feeling of growth and development, the ability to interpret life, and the ability to associate well with others. One of the factors that can improve psychological well-being is self-compassion. The purpose of this study was to determine the predictive relationship between self-compassion and the psychological well-being of students at three public universities in Malang. This study used quantitative research methods and accidental sampling techniques. The research sample was 250 students from Universitas Negeri Malang, Universitas Brawijaya, and UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim. The research instrument used was the self-compassion scale to measure self-compassion and the Indonesian version of the psychological well-being scale to measure psychological well-being. The data analysis technique used is simple linear regression analysis. The results of the study show that self-compassion predicts psychological well-being. The result of R Square= 0.548 means that the self-compassion component contributes 54.8% to psychological well-being. Based on the results found, self-compassion can be a predictor in improving the psychological well-being of students at three public universities in Malang. AbstrakPsychological well-being adalah evaluasi positif yang dilakukan untuk diri sendiri dan orang lain, kemampuan mengarahkan diri dan lingkungannya, perasaan tumbuh dan berkembang, kemampuan menginterpretasikan kehidupan, dan kemampuan bergaul dengan baik dengan orang lain. Salah satu faktor yang dapat meningkatkan psychological well-being adalah self-compassion. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan prediktif antara self-compassion dan psychological well-being mahasiswa di tiga perguruan tinggi negeri di Kota Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dan teknik pengambilan sampel accidental sampling. Sampel penelitian adalah 250 mahasiswa dari Universitas Negeri Malang, Universitas Brawijaya, dan UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah skala welas diri untuk mengukur self-compassion dan skala psychological well-being versi Indonesia untuk mengukur kesejahteraan psikologis. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan self-compassion memprediksi kesejahteraan psikologis. Hasil R Square=0,548 artinya komponen self-compassion berkontribusi sebesar 54,8% terhadap kesejahteraan psikologis. Berdasarkan hasil yang ditemukan, self-compassion dapat menjadi prediktor dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan psikologis mahasiswa di tiga perguruan tinggi negeri di Kota Malang.
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Background Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at an increased risk for poor physical and mental health due to the complexity of pediatric onset IBD and the unique developmental challenges of this period of life. Self-compassion is increasingly recognized as having an important role in explaining health outcomes and well-being across a range of populations. This study examines the relationship between self-compassion and psychosocial and physical health outcomes in AYAs with IBD. Methods In this cross-sectional study, AYAs with IBD aged 15 to 25 years completed an online survey between February 2020 and October 2021. Questionnaires included the Self-Compassion Scale—Short Form, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) measures for psychosocial, physical and global health outcomes, and IBD disease activity indices. Results AYAs with higher levels of self-compassion were found to have better psychosocial (ie, anxiety, depressive symptoms, psychological stress, physical stress, peer relationships), physical (ie, fatigue), and global health outcomes. Self-compassion was a significant independent predictor of anxiety (β = −5.80, P = < .001), depressive symptoms (β = −7.09, P = < .001), psychological stress (β = −4.66, P = < .001), physical stress (β = −3.19, P = < .001), peer relationships (β = 3.39, P = .003), fatigue (β = −2.05, P = .019), and improved global health (β = 5.15, P = < .001). Conclusions This study offers preliminary support for the importance of self-compassion in AYAs with IBD and demonstrates the need for further research in this area.
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Well-being is essential for all people. Therefore, important factors influencing people’s well-being must be investigated. Well-being is multifaceted and defined as, for example, psychological, emotional, mental, physical, or social well-being. Here, we focus on psychological well-being. The study aimed to analyze different aspects of connectedness as potential predictors of psychological well-being. For this purpose, we conducted a study examining the psychological well-being of 184 participants (130 women, 54 men, age: M = 31.39, SD = 15.24) as well as their connectedness with oneself (self-love), with others (prosocialness), with nature (nature connectedness), and with the transcendent (spirituality). First, significant positive correlations appeared between psychological well-being and self-love, nature connectedness, and spirituality. Furthermore, correlations between the four aspects of connectedness were significant, except for the relationship between self-love and prosocialness. A regression analysis revealed that self-love and nature connectedness positively predicted participants’ psychological well-being, while spirituality and prosocialness did not explain any incremental variance. The strong relationship between self-love and well-being was partly mediated by nature connectedness. Hence, self-love, understood as a positive attitude of self-kindness, should be considered in more detail to enhance psychological well-being. Besides this, a more vital connectedness to the surrounding nature could benefit people’s well-being.
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Penelitian ini membahas terkait variabel welas diri dan kesejahteraan psikologis pada remaja korban kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT) yang telah melalui proses pendampingan. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara welas diri dengan kesejahteraan psikologis remaja yang menjadi korban KDRT yang telah melalui proses pendampingan. Hipotesis penelitian ini adalah adanya hubungan positif antara welas diri dengan kesejahteraan psikologis pada remaja korban KDRT yang telah melalui proses pendampingan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional. Pengambilan sampel dengan teknik incidental sampling, sehingga melibatkan 62 partisipan yang terdiri dari 40 remaja laki-laki dan 22 remaja perempuan korban KDRT yang telah melalui proses pendampingan dengan rentang usia 13-21 tahun (mean = 19,56 dan standar deviasi = 1,82). Pengukuran penelitian menggunakan Self-Compassion Scale dan Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scale. Hasil uji hipotesis memperoleh nilai Pearson Correlation sebesar -0,518 dengan signifikansi 0,000 (p<0,01). Hasil ini berarti bahwa terdapat hubungan antara arah welas diri negatif dengan penurunan tingkat kesejahteraan psikologis pada remaja korban KDRT yang telah melalui proses pendampingan.
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Bu araştırmanın amacı lise öğrencilerinde temel psikolojik ihtiyaçlar ile öznel zindelik arasındaki ilişkide öz-şefkatin aracı rolünü incelemektir. Araştırma çalışma grubunu Adana ilinde yer alan liselerde öğrenime devam eden 9., 10. ve 11. sınıflardan 336 kız ve 296 erkek olmak üzere toplamda 632 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada öğrencilerin kişisel bilgilerine ilişkin veriler "Kişisel Bilgi Formu" öznel zindeliğe ilişkin veriler "Öznel Zindelik Ölçeği" (Ryan & Frederick, 1997), temel psikolojik ihtiyaçlara ilişkin veriler "İhtiyaç Doyum Ölçeği" (Deci & Ryan, 1991) ve öz-şefkate ilişkin veriler "Öz-Şefkat Ölçeği Kısa Formu" (Raes vd., 2011) aracılığı ile toplanmıştır. Lise öğrencilerinin öznel zindelik düzeyleri, temel psikolojik ihtiyaç doyumları ile öz-şefkat düzeyleri arasındaki ilişki Pearson Momentler Çarpım Korelasyonu ile incelenmiştir. Öznel zindelik ile temel psikolojik ihtiyaçlar arasındaki ilişkide öz-şefkatin aracı rolü Hayes (2013) tarafından geliştirilen Process Makro ile analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin istatistiksel çözümlenmelerinde SPSS 25 ve Process Makro v4.1 programlarından yararlanılmıştır ve aracılığın etki büyüklüğü yorumlanırken Preacher ve Kelley (2011)'nin önerdiği değerler baz alınmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre öznel zindelik, temel psikolojik ihtiyaçlar ve öz-şefkat arasında pozitif ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Temel psikolojik ihtiyaçların alt boyutları olan özerklik, yeterlik ve ilişkili olma ihtiyaçları ile öznel zindelik ve öz-şefkat arasında pozitif ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Özerklik, yeterlik ve ilişkili olma ihtiyaçlarının öznel zindeliği ve öz-şefkati anlamlı düzeyde yordadığı bulunmuştur. Process Makro ile gerçekleştirilen aracılık analizinde özerklik, yeterlik ve ilişki olma ile öznel zindelik arasında öz-şefkatin aracı rolü tespit edilmiştir.
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Background: The concept self-compassion (SC), a special way of being compassionate with oneself while dealing with stressful life circumstances, has attracted increasing attention in research over the past two decades. Research has already shown that SC has beneficial effects on affective well-being and other mental health outcomes. However, little is known in which ways SC might facilitate our affective well-being in stressful situations. Hence, a central concern of this dissertation was to focus on the question which underlying processes might influence the link between SC and affective well-being. Two established components in stress processing, which might also play an important role in this context, could be the amount of experienced stress and the way of coping with a stressor. Thus, using a multi-method approach, this dissertation aimed at finding to which extent SC might help to alleviate the experienced stress and promotes the use of more salutary coping, while dealing with stressful circumstances. These processes might ultimately help improve one’s affective well-being. Derived from that, it was hypothesized that more SC is linked to less perceived stress and intensified use of salutary coping responses. Additionally, it was suggested that perceived stress and coping mediate the relation between SC and affective well-being. Method: The research questions were targeted in three single studies and one meta-study. To test my assumptions about the relations of SC and coping in particular, a systematic literature search was conducted resulting in k = 136 samples with an overall sample size of N = 38,913. To integrate the z-transformed Pearson correlation coefficients, random-effects models were calculated. All hypotheses were tested with a three-wave cross-lagged design in two short-term longitudinal online studies assessing SC, perceived stress and coping responses in all waves. The first study explored the assumptions in a student sample (N = 684) with a mean age of 27.91 years over a six-week period, whereas the measurements were implemented in the GESIS Panel (N = 2934) with a mean age of 52.76 years analyzing the hypotheses in a populationbased sample across eight weeks. Finally, an ambulatory assessment study was designed to expand the findings of the longitudinal studies to the intraindividual level. Thus, a sample of 213 participants completed questionnaires of momentary SC, perceived stress, engagement and disengagement coping, and affective well-being on their smartphones three times per day over seven consecutive days. The data was processed using 1-1-1 multilevel mediation analyses. Results: Results of the meta-analysis indicated that higher SC is significantly associated with more use of engagement coping and less use of disengagement coping. Considering the relations between SC and stress processing variables in all three single studies, cross-lagged paths from the longitudinal data, as well as multilevel modeling paths from the ambulatory assessment data indicated a notable relation between all relevant stress variables. As expected, results showed a significant negative relation between SC and perceived stress and disengagement coping, as well as a positive connection with engagement coping responses at the dispositional and intra-individual level. However, considering the mediational hypothesis, the most promising pathway in the link between SC and affective well-being turned out to be perceived stress in all three studies, while effects of the mediational pathways through coping responses were less robust. Conclusion: Thus, a more self-compassionate attitude and higher momentary SC, when needed in specific situations, can help to engage in effective stress processing. Considering the underlying mechanisms in the link between SC and affective well-being, stress perception in particular seemed to be the most promising candidate for enhancing affective well-being at the dispositional and at the intraindividual level. Future research should explore the pathways between SC and affective well-being in specific contexts and samples, and also take into account additional influential factors.
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Chapter
Dissemination and implementation of evidence-based mental health care often relies on community-engaged research (CEnR) to remove barriers, encourage adoption, and shape adaptations to evidence-based practice. Traditional ethics codes were not designed with community-based programs in mind, such as those serving youth in healthcare (Mikesell L, Bromley E, Khodyakov D, American Journal of Public Health:103;7-14, 2013), afterschool (Chou T, Frazier SL, Ethics & Behavior:0;1-15, 2019), or juvenile justice settings (Javdani S, Singh S, Sichel CE, American Journal of Community Psychology:439–449, 2017). To address gaps in guidance, an emerging literature provides CEnR investigators with concrete strategies and examples for navigating ethical dilemmas in real-time (Campbell R, Morris M, American Journal of Community Psychology:299-301, 2017). This chapter describes reflexivity, a procedure of reflection utilized in implementation science (Damschroder LJ, Aron DC, Keith RE, Kirsh SR, Alexander JA, Lowery JC, Implementation Science:4;1-15, 2009), community engagement (Case AD, American Journal of Community Psychology:398–405, 2017) and compassionate practice (Kanov J, Powley EH, & Walshe ND, Human Relations:70;751-777, 2017) to guide values- and ethics-driven science. We review the historical context of clinical science to set the stage for re-examining biases implicit in academia. Further, we provide actionable suggestions for introspection and discussions within research teams and between academic investigators and their community partners, illustrated by case examples. Lastly, we present 4R, a methodology by which to structure reflection, record learning, and contribute to the growing CEnR ethics literature (Chou T, Frazier SL, Ethics & Behavior:0;1-15, 2019).
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In this quasi-experimental design, we tested the hypothesis that a quality of life (QOL) positive education course delivered online during COVID-19 would promote undergraduate students’ mental health by improving self-compassion. A total of 104 students (69 enrolled in the QOL course and 35 in control courses) completed a questionnaire assessing mental health and self-compassion before and after completion of their courses. Two-way mixed ANCOVAs were used to analyse the effects of the positive education course on mental health and self-compassion over time. Compared to control students, QOL students’ mental health and self-compassion significantly increased from baseline to endpoint. A simple mediation analysis confirmed the mediating role of self-compassion between the positive education course and enhanced mental health. This study adds to the emerging literature vis-à-vis positive education and its effects on student mental health through self-compassion.
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Previous studies have linked self-compassion to mental health, specifically anxiety, in non-clinical adolescents, suggesting that self-compassion can be a protective factor against anxiety. This study compared the overall level of self-compassion and (un)compassionate self-responding in adolescents with and without an anxiety disorder and assessed the association between self-compassion and anxiety. This cross-sectional study included adolescents (12–19 years) with an anxiety disorder (N = 23) and a reference group (N = 28). Participants completed the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) and State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Results showed that overall self-compassion and uncompassionate self-responding were significantly lower and higher in the clinical than the reference group, respectively, while compassionate self-responding did not differ between groups. In the clinical group, only uncompassionate self-responding was significantly associated with higher anxiety. In the reference group, uncompassionate self-responding showed a significant positive association with anxiety, and compassionate self-responding showed a significant negative association with anxiety. Although the results suggest that low uncompassionate self-responding may buffer against anxiety, the role of compassionate and uncompassionate self-responding remains unclear. An alternative explanation is that the uncompassionate self-responding items measure the presence of psychopathology in adolescents with an anxiety disorder. More research on the construct validity of the SCS uncompassionate self-responding scale is needed.
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