Article

German-Egyptian Collaboration to Afforestation in Desert Lands of Egypt: Information Summary and Description of the Field Experiments.

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El Kateb H
El Kateb H
El Kateb H
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El-Gindy A G
El-Gindy A G
El-Gindy A G
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Stimm B
Stimm B
Stimm B
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Settawy A A
Settawy A A
Settawy A A
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... Worldwide, Large areas of arid zones are located in north and south America, north African Sahara Desert (9.1 million km 2 ), the Sahelian region, Africa south of the Equator, the near east and the Asian Arabian desert in the Arabian Peninsula (2.3 million km 2 ), and the Pacific regions between latitudes of 15 and 30° in both northern and southern hemispheres ( Fig. 1) (El Kateb, 2015 andFAO, 2020). In the most dried year, the cropping season 2009/2010, most of the world cropland faced a sever drought wave which affect the crop productivity especially where no renewable water resources exist. ...
... By manipulating the certain knowledge and technology which are currently available to use, the decision maker can solve many of the problems the world faces everytoday through the use of the available resources in a sustainable way (El Kateb, 2015). The limited water resources need latest technologies for managing the limited soil and water resources suitable for agriculture such as precise irrigation, low water quality recycling, desalinization of seawater, and foliar application of anti-transpirants and silicate fertilizers. ...
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... The company seeks to scale up native ecosystem restoration projects as a low-cost carbon capture solution. Another example of afforestation in arid lands are the forests being grown in Luxor, Egypt using treated wastewater 47 . The results of this research expand on and further support these global initiatives to restore forests on arid lands, not as plantations but as forests that grow undisturbed. ...
Afforesting arid land with renewable electricity and desalination to mitigate climate change
Article
Full-text available
  • Feb 2023
Afforestation is one of the most practised carbon dioxide removal methods but is constrained by the availability of suitable land and sufficient water resources. In this research, existing concepts of low-cost renewable electricity (RE) and seawater desalination are built upon to identify the global CO2 sequestration potential if RE-powered desalination plants were used to irrigate forests on arid land over the period 2030–2100. Results indicate a cumulative CO2 sequestration potential of 730 GtCO2 during the period. Global average cost is estimated to be €457 per tCO2 in 2030 but decrease to €100 per tCO2 by 2100, driven by the decreasing cost of RE and increasing CO2 sequestration rates of the forests. Regions closer to the coast with abundant solar resources and cooler climate experience the least costs, with costs as low as €50 per tCO2 by 2070. The results suggest a key role for afforestation projects irrigated with RE-based desalination within the climate change mitigation portfolio, which is currently based on bioenergy carbon capture and storage, and direct air carbon capture and storage plants.
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Carbon farming in hot, dry coastal areas: an option for climate change mitigation
Article
Full-text available
  • Jul 2013
We present a comprehensive, interdisciplinary project which demonstrates that large-scale plantations of Jatropha curcas – if established in hot, dry coastal areas around the world – could capture 17–25 t of carbon dioxide per hectare per year from the atmosphere (over a 20 yr period). Based on recent farming results it is confirmed that the Jatropha curcas plant is well adapted to harsh environments and is capable of growing alone or in combination with other tree and shrub species with minimal irrigation in hot deserts where rain occurs only sporadically. Our investigations indicate that there is sufficient unused and marginal land for the widespread cultivation of Jatropha curcas to have a significant impact on atmospheric CO2 levels at least for several decades. In a system in which desalinated seawater is used for irrigation and for delivery of mineral nutrients, the sequestration costs were estimated to range from 42–63 EUR per tonne CO2. This result makes carbon farming a technology that is competitive with carbon capture and storage (CCS). In addition, high-resolution simulations using an advanced land-surface–atmosphere model indicate that a 10 000 km2 plantation could produce a reduction in mean surface temperature and an onset or increase in rain and dew fall at a regional level. In such areas, plant growth and CO2 storage could continue until permanent woodland or forest had been established. In other areas, salinization of the soil may limit plant growth to 2–3 decades whereupon irrigation could be ceased and the captured carbon stored as woody biomass.
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Carbon farming in hot, dry coastal areas: An option for climate change mitigation
Article
Full-text available
We present a comprehensive, interdisciplinary project which demonstrates that large-scale plantations of Jatropha curcas – if established in hot, dry coastal areas around the world – could capture 17–25 tonnes of carbon dioxide per hectare per year from the atmosphere (averaged over 20 yr). Based on recent farming results it is confirmed that the Jatropha curcas plant is well adapted to harsh environments and is capable of growing alone or in combination with other tree and shrub species with minimal irrigation in hot deserts where rain occurs only sporadically. Our investigations indicate that there is sufficient unused and marginal land for the widespread cultivation of Jatropha curcas to reduce significantly the current upward trend in atmospheric CO2 levels. In a system in which desalinated seawater is used for irrigation and for delivery of mineral nutrients, the sequestration costs were estimated to range from 42–63 € per tonne CO2. This result makes carbon farming a technology that is competitive with carbon capture and storage (CCS). In addition, high-resolution simulations using an advanced land-surface-atmosphere model indicate that a 10 000 km2 plantation could produce a reduction in mean surface temperature and an onset or increase in rain and dew fall at a regional level.
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Arid zone forestry: A guide for field technicians. FAO Conservation Guide 20
  • Sep 1989
FAO -Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (1989): Arid zone forestry: A guide for field technicians. FAO Conservation Guide 20, Rome, FAO. http://www.fao.org/docrep/T0122E/T0122E00.htm. Access: August 17, 2013.
Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010 -Country Report: Egypt. Rome, FAO Forestry Department
  • Sep 2010
FAO -Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2010): Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010 -Country Report: Egypt. Rome, FAO Forestry Department. http://www.fao.org/countryprofiles/index/en/?subj=5&iso3= EGY#sthash.xNZUTQeY.dpuf. Access: August 18, 2013.
Potential of growing tree species in Egypt for afforestation
  • Jan 2012
  • Hörl
Hörl (2012): Potential of growing tree species in Egypt for afforestation. Technische Universität München, Munich. 46 p.
State of the World's Forests
  • Sep 2005
FAO -Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2005): State of the World's Forests 2005. Rome, FAO. ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/007/y5574e/ y5574e00.pdf. Access: August 17, 2013.
Wiege der Forstwirtschaft in Ägypten
  • Jan 2001
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  • G Goldmann
Goldmann G. (2001): Wiege der Forstwirtschaft in Ägypten. Das Fatimiden-Kalifat. AFZ/Der Wald 56(2): 74-75.
Financial projections of large-scale afforestation in arid regions -An Example: Egypt. Munich & Bonn
  • Jan 2013
  • El Kateb
  • H Eger
  • J Walterspacher
El Kateb H., Eger J. & Walterspacher D. (2013): Financial projections of large-scale afforestation in arid regions -An Example: Egypt. Munich & Bonn. Institute of Silviculture, Technische Universität München, & ForestFinance Group, unpublished, 45 p.
Establishment of forest plantations in Egypt using treated waste water
  • Jan 2013
  • 37-39
  • S Khalifa
  • H El Kateb
  • A El-Gindy
Khalifa S., El Kateb H. & El-Gindy A. (2013): Establishment of forest plantations in Egypt using treated waste water. Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation. Agricultural Magazine vol. 68 (7): 37 -39.
  • Jan 2012
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  • H El Kateb
  • R Mosandl
El Kateb H. & Mosandl R. (2012): Aufforstungen in ägyptischen Wüstengebieten. AFZ-Der Wald 67(19): 36-39.
Financial projections of large-scale afforestation in arid regions
  • Jan 2013
  • H El Kateb
  • J Eger
  • D Walterspacher
El Kateb H., Eger J. & Walterspacher D. (2013): Financial projections of large-scale afforestation in arid regions -An Example: Egypt. Munich & Bonn. Institute of Silviculture, Technische Universität München, & ForestFinance Group, unpublished, 45 p.
Arid zone forestry: A guide for field technicians
  • Aug 1989
FAO -Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (1989): Arid zone forestry: A guide for field technicians. FAO Conservation Guide 20, Rome, FAO. http://www.fao.org/docrep/T0122E/T0122E00.htm. Access: August 17, 2013. FAO -Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2005): State of the World's Forests 2005. Rome, FAO. ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/007/y5574e/ y5574e00.pdf. Access: August 17, 2013.