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Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
Prof. (Dr) R.K. Sharma
Formerly at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
E-mail: editor.ijocd@gmail.com
INTERNATIONAL EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD
1 Malini Moni (Post Doctoral Fellow)
Deparment of Medicine/Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins
University SOM, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, STE 1 B 16, USA
NATIONAL EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD
1 Dr. Sabyasachi Saha (Prof & Head)
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sardar Patel Post
Graduate Institute of Dental and Medical Sciences, Lucknow
2 Dr. Bastian T S (Professor & Head)
Oral Pathology and Microbiology Mahe institute of Dental
Sciences. MAHE - Puducherry-673310
3 Dr. Yogesh Kumar (Director Principal)
Surendera Dental College & Research Institute Ganganagar,
Rajasthan
4 Dr K K Gupta (Professor)
Department of Periodontology & Implantology Sardar Patel
Post Graduate Institute of Dental & Medical Sciences
Raibareily Road, Lucknow
5 Dr. Neeta Mishra (Professor)
Dept. Oral Medicine & Radiology BBD College of Dental
Sciences,Lucknow
6 Dr. Pradyumna Misra (Professor)
Dept. of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Babu Banarsi
Das College of Dental Sciences, Lucknow
7 Dr. B.N.V.S. Satish (Professor)
Department of Oral Pathology and microbiology at HKESSN
Institute of Dental Sciences, Gulbarga, Karnataka
8 Dr. Sonal Vahanwala (Professor)
Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental
College & Hospital, Nerul
9 Dr. Jayashree A Mudda (Principal)
HKESS Nijalingappa Institute of Dental Sciences & Research
Gulbarga Karnatak
SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE
1. Dr. Ridhi Narang (Senior Lecturer)
Surendera Dental College and Research Institute, Sri Ganganagar
2. Dr. Amit Mahajan (Associate Professor)
Oral & Maxillofacial, Surgery Department KM Shah Dental
College and Hospital Piparia, Gujarat
Print-ISSN:2320-5806 Electronic-ISSN:2320-5962 Frequency : Six Monthly
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry is a double blind peer reviewed
international journal which has commenced its publication from January
2013. The journal is half yearly in frequency. The journal covers all aspects
of odontology including Forensic Odontology. The journal has been assigned
ISSN 2320-5806 (Print Version) and ISSN 2320-5962 (Online Version). The
journal is covered by many international data bases and is eligible under
category 1 as per Dental Council of India norms.
Website www.ijocd.com
All rights reserved. The views expressed by authorsin journal are
notnecessarily views of Indian Journalof Contemporary Dentistry.
The advertisements arepurely commercial in nature and journal does
notguarantee their efcacy.
SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE
3. Dr. Anshu Sharma (Reader)
Department of Pedodontics and preventive dentistry
Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre,
Moradabad-244001, Uttarpradesh
4. Dr. Manju Gopakumar (Assoc. Professor)
A.B. Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Deralakatte,
Mangalore / Nitte University Karnataka
5. Dr. Dakshita Joy Sinha (Reader)
Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Kothiwal dental
College and Research Institute, Moradabad,U.P, India
6. Dr. Heena Zainab Department of Oral Pathology &
Microbiology, Al-Badar Rural Dental College & Hospital
Gulbarga, Karnataka
7. Dr. Pavan G. Kulkarni (Assistant Professo)
Dept.of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, at Bapuji Dental
College & Hospital, Davangere (Karnataka)
8. Dr. Shikha Shrivastava (Assistant Professor)
Dept. of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Government Dental
College & Hospital, Jaipur.
9. Dr.Vishwas Bhatia (Assistant Professor)
Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, Eklavya
Dental College, Delhi Jaipur Expressway, Rajasthan
10. Dr. Ashish Amit Sinha (Reader)
Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental
College and Research Centre Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh
11. Dr. Ceena Denny (Assoc. Professor)
Dept of Oral Medicine and Radiology. Manipal College of
Dental Sciences Manipal University Mangalore
12. Dr. Garima Bhatia (Senior Lecturer)
Eklavya Dental College and Hospital ,Rajasthan
13. Dr.Prashant (Reader)
Department of Oral Pathology and microbiology, HKESSN
Institute of Dental Sciences, Gulbarga, Karnataka
14. Dr. Sowmya A.R. (Reader)
Public Health Dentistry DJ College of Dental Sciences and
Research, Modinagar
Editor
Dr. R.K. Sharma
Institute of Medico-legal Publications
4th Floor, Statesman House Building, Barakhamba Road,
Connaught Place, New Delhi-110 001
Printed, published and owned by
Dr. R.K. Sharma
Institute of Medico-legal Publications
4th Floor, Statesman House Building, Barakhamba Road,
Connaught Place, New Delhi-110 001
Published at
Institute of Medico-legal Publications
4th Floor, Statesman House Building, Barakhamba Road,
Connaught Place, New Delhi-110 001
CONTENTS
www.ijocd.com
Volume 3 Number 2 July-December 2015
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry
 
Dakshita Joy Sinha, Ashish Amit Sinha, Agrima Vasudeva, Natasha Jaiswal


Sampat SV, Hegde AM
 
Prashanth Kumar Ka� a, Meghraj D, Sreedhara S
 
Niyati Singh, Ajay Singh
 
Gupta N, Tripathi AM, Jaiswal JN, Saha S
 
Prashanth Kumar Ka� a MDS, Sreedhara S, Meghraj D
 
Ruchi Sharma, Kuldeep Sharma, Dhruv Yadav, Abhilasha Choudhary, Vijay Agarwal
 
Piyali Poddar, Vamsi K Reddy, Shafaat Mohammad, Sabyasachi Saha
 
Dakshita Joy Sinha, Ashish Amit Sinha, AgrimaVasudeva, Natasha Jaiswal
 
Jagadish Chandra, B H Sripathi Rao, Joyce Sequeira, Bhupendra Mathre, Subhasish Panigrahi
 
Shreeyam Mohapatra, Akshay Verma, Ajay Sharma, Abhishek Choudhary, Pooja Narain
 

Rana Saraswati, Shekhawat Himanshu
 

Pooja Narain, Sameer Parihar, Akshay Verma, Ajay Sharma


Neha Arora, Dakshita Joy Sinha, Nimish Tyagi, Sunita Chaudhary


Mustafa K, Shehzana Fatima, H Hari Kishore Bhat



Dipika Mitra, Srishti Shah, Rohit Shah, Silvia Rodrigues, Pragalbha Pathare , Harshad Vijayakar
Biocompatibility : A Review
Dakshita Joy Sinha1, Ashish Amit Sinha2, Agrima Vasudeva3, Natasha Jaiswal3
1Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, 2Reader, Department of Pedodontics,
3PG Students, Kothiwal Dental College Research Centre and Hospital, Moradabad
ABSTRACT
Introduction:           
 



Data:
Sources:    


Study selection:          


Conclusions:            


Keywords: Biocompatibility, Cytotoxicity tests, Dental materials.
Author for Correspondence:
Dr. Dakshita Joy Sinha
     
    



INTRODUCTION
    
       
    


    


DEFINITION
       
       

HISTORY


      
       

        
       
         
        


      



2 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 3




    


Types of Biocompatibilty Tests
     

Cytotoxicity measures:




CURRENT BIOCOMPATILITY ISSUES IN
DENTISTRY
Amalgam :    
        
        

 
        
       





    

        
  
      


         
 
     
     
       
       

     




        
      
      
        

Polymeric materials and composites



       
       
       
     
   


        
  



      



      
         


      
      
   
     
         

        
      
         

      



      

2 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 3

       


       
     



    


     
     

Metallic materials :


     

       
      
    




       
      
         
        
 
        


        
   


  
 






        

Glass Ionomer cement :   
      
      
     
       
      


       
      
      
       



     
    

Calcium hydroxide:   
   
    
    



Latex:      
 

       
     

Ceramic materials :    


       

       


    
        
        
      


       
      
4 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 5

       
 
 
         
     

       

       
      
  
        
       


       

      



      
    
       
     
    
         

      
        


       
      

      
      
       




     
      

CONCLUSION
    
       

        



Acknowledgement: 
Conict of Interest :

Source of Funding :
Ethical Clearance:   

REFERENCES
      


    

 

      
     

 

 

     

 
      

 

      


        
   
     
     
    

         


      
4 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 5
    
     

        
    

      
    
    
   

      
     

 
     
   
    

        
    
      
      

      
    
     
      

       

     
      

 
    



     


 
  
       



  

     

        
     


     
     

       


     


     
  

        


 
    

 
    
       

     
     


 


 

 

    


        
  

Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 7
Oral Health Status, Knowledge and A�itude of Pregnant
Women towards Oral Hygiene in Mangalore
Sampat SV1, Hegde AM2
1Sampat SV – Post Graduate Student, Dept. of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, A.B.She�y Memorial Institute
of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India, 2Hegde AM – Senior Professor and Head of the Department, Dept. of
Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, A B She�y Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
ABSTRACT
Background : 
      
               



Objectives: 


Materials and Method:          
  
             
  

Results and Conclusions:  




Keywords: pregnant women, oral hygiene status.
Corresponding author:
Dr. Sampat Samir V.




INTRODUCTION
      
      
      


 
    

      
        
    
  
       
       


      
   
       
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 7
      
     

      


  
       
      
     

      
     
   
   
       


    
        
      
        
      
       
      
       
       
          


SOURCE OF DATA
      
     

MATERIALS & METHOD
     
      
      


      

       
  
      
      






      
       

       
     
      
     
 


     
       


   
      

RESULTS
  


       
      
      
  

       



       

   
         
      
 



    
      
        
         
8 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 9


        
      
      

       
        
        

     
      
    

       



        

      
       
    
    




    


DISCUSSION
     
        
      
      
 
       

        
         
      
     



        
        


  
        
     


         

        
 
       
 
  



    

      




        
      

 
       

     
     
        


CONCLUSIONS


       


       

     
       
      

       
     

8 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 9
Acknowledgment: 
Conict of Interest: 
Source of Funding: 
Ethical Clearance : 
REFERENCES
      
    
    

     
  

      
    

       
     

        
    

       
  
     

      


     


 
    


 
       

     

     
     

  
  
    

        

     
      

       
      
       
     


       
     



 
    


 
    
     
      

     

 



 

     
     

   

       

Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 11
Practice Management in Dentistry- A Beginner’s Guide
Prashanth Kumar Ka�a1, Meghraj D2, Sreedhara S3
1Assistant Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Bapuji Dental College & Hospital,
Davangere, 2Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Libya, 3Reader,Department of
Orthodontics, SJM Dental College, Chitradurga
ABSTRACT


 
   

Keywords: Sta, Finance, Accounts, consumption.
Corresponding author
Dr. Prashanth Kumar Ka�a MDS
    



INTRODUCTION


       


       

    

   







Is dentistry profession or business?


       

         

      
    
     
      

Informed consent:    
         
        




It can:



      

      

 
Fee for service: 

Patient fees:       
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 11

Usual:         

Customary:  

.
Reasonable fees:    
       
       

Accounts:  
       


    

    
     
      

GENERAL RECORDKEEPING PRINCIPLES
 
         
      

     


     
      

     

 
  
       
       
    



Uses of software for keeping health records6


    






  

      


     

THE WALK-OUT STATEMENT
     




        

     
        
        

     
       
       




       


        
         
 

         
   
12 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
     
       


Ten dental oce marketing ideas (advertising)
to consider4:
     

 
        

 
      

 

 

        
     

 

    


        

      

Making use of internet:  
   

       
         

       

    


     
    
       
       


CONCLUSION

       
       
       

     


Conict of Interest:
Source of Funding:
Acknowledgements:
Ethical Clearance:
REFERENCES
 
       


     

      

     

     
     

      
     



      

12 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Single Step Impression Technique - A Case Report
Niyati Singh1, Ajay Singh2
1Senior Lecturer , Rama Dental College and Hospital, Kanpur, 2Professor and Head of the Department,
Sardar Patel Institute of Medical and Dental College, Lucknow
ABSTRACT

            
         
 




Keywords- Single appoinment, cellophane spacer,additon siloxane, polyether.
INTRODUCTION
        
         
      




        
     

       


      
      
     


CASE REPORT
 
    
   
     

   
       




PROCEDURE
      
      


      




      
      

      

Corresponding author:
Dr Niyati Singh


14 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
LEGENDS FOR THE ARTICLE
Fig 1 Primary impression was made from addition
silicone with cellophane spacer -
Fig 2--Borders were shortened by 2mm
Fig 3- Single step border moulding was done with
polyether rubber
Fig 4--Cellophane spacer was removed and secondary
impression was made with Addition polyvinyl siloxane
CONCLUSION
     
       

      
     
    
       
      
       

Acknowledgement
Con ict of Interest
Source of Funding
Ethical Clearance-    

REFERENCES
 

      
 

     
    

    
   

       

   
 

14 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Remineralizing Agents: Eective Method for
Restoring Tooth Minerals
Gupta N1, Tripathi AM2, Jaiswal JN3, Saha S4
1Post Graduate Student, 2Professor & Head of Department, 3Professor & Director, 4Reader, Department of Pedodontics
and Preventive Dentistry, Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental and Medical Sciences, Lucknow
ABSTRACT





Keywords: Minimal intervention, remineralization, demineralization, uoride, remineralizing agents.
Corresponding author:
Dr. Nimisha Gupta




INTRODUCTION
       
      



         


     
      
   
        




      


      
       
  



       



   


      
     
     
      
        
       
  

FLUORIDATED REMINERALIZING
AGENTS
Fluorides:      
     
     



    
       
     
     
    
16 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 17


      
    
        
        


      
   
        
         
      
      





      


FLUORIDATED RESTORATIVE
MATERIALS
Glass Ionomers:    

     
      
       
       
    


      

Compomers:   
     
      
       
        


Giomers : 

      



PIT AND FISSURE SEALANTS
       
     


 
       
      


     
      
      
       

 


 
       

     
       
       
  
   


      
  

Ideal remineralizing agents properties:
       

 
 
 
 
      

 
16 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 17




    

         
    



    

      
       
   


         




      
      
     
      

       

       
      

     


     
    
     
       
     
   


Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (ACP):

       
      

       
     




      
      





NovaMin
      

      
     


      
      
       
       
    
        
       
      
    
        

      
    
   

Calcium carbonate carrier-Sensistat
      



     
       


18 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 19
Xylitol Carrier

       
       
 
       

       
  
    
     
       

 et al.    
        

Hydroxapatite
  
    
       

    
    
       
 
         

Alpha-Tricalcium Phosphate
     
      
        
       
  

       
         

Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate (DCPD):
      
 
 






Ozone
     
      et al.





CONCLUSION
          
       
       
       
        
     
   
     

Ethical Clearance:   

Conict of Intrest
Source of Funding: 
Acknowledgement: 
REFERNCES
 
    

       
     

 
     

     
    

 
     

 

 
18 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 19
      

       



 
    
     

        
     
   
    
    

      
   

 

      

Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 21
Recent Advances in Minimal Intervention
Dentistry- A Review
Prashanth Kumar Ka�a MDS1, Sreedhara S2, Meghraj D3
1Assistant Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Bapuji Dental College & Hospital,
Davangere, 2Reader, Department of Orthodontics, SJM Dental College, Chitradurga,Department of
Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Libya
ABSTRACT
  

    

Keywords: Minimal invasive dentistry, minimally invasive dentistry reduction, remineralization,
Corresponding author
Dr. Prashanth Kumar Ka�a MDS

    



INTRODUCTION
      
      


       
      
    
      
 
        

Denition of MID:    
       


MID is compromised of2:






 
       
      
      

     

 

   
     


DIAGNOSTIC AIDS7
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 21
Table 1: ICDAS II Codes and criteria
Staging of lesion
severity description Treatment
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


Tertiary prevention
     

 
     
    

 
    
    

 
    

        

  
      
    

        
         


     
      



     
    

 
       

 

 

 
   

      

       

 

Various techniques of MID
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
22 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 23
Table 2: Tooth-cu� ing/caries removal systems, the substrates altered and their mode of action
  
 
 






  

 
 
  
CAMBRA: caries management by risk
assessment:     
      
         
      
 




      

Fig 1: Caries balance
Atraumatic restorative treatment (ART)
       
        

      


       
     
    
   
     
    
        

Fig 2:
A. A small enamel hatchet is used to gain access to
underlying soft dentin
B. B. sppon shaped excavators, small one with a spoon
of 1mm diameter approximately, another slightly
larger are used to excavate soft dentin
C. A small  at plastic instrument is used for placing
the GIC and for contouring the restoration. An Ash
6 special is shown here
D. An enamel access cu� er(EAC) is used to gain access
to the cavity in case the enamel hatchet is too large.
        

ADVANTAGES
 
 
 

22 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 23
 
 

particle size



        

        
        
      
        


Fig 3: Air abrasion using a blast of ne sand particles
under pressure to remove caries
LASERS:    

   
        



   
      
 



     

 
 
      
       

 
 

RESIN INFILTRATION CONCEPT


      

        
      
         
       
        
      
       
      
       



Indications
 
 
       

 
 
 
 
 
CONCLUSION




        

     
      
     
       


Conict of Interest: 
24 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Source of Funding: 
Acknowledgement: 
Ethical Clearance:
REFERENCES
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     

. 
      
      


     
      

     

     

      
     
     
     

     
     
    

    

     
      
British Dental
Journal volume 213 no. 11 dec 8 2012 551
24 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Association of Lip Print Pa�erns with Malocclusion
in Jaipur Population
1Ruchi Sharma, 2Kuldeep Sharma, 3Dhruv Yadav, 4Abhilasha Choudhary, 5Vijay Agarwal
1Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics, NIMS Dental College & Hospital, NIMS
University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 2Senior Lecturer, PG Third Year, Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics, Rajsthan
Dental College & Hospital Jaipur, Rajasthan, PG Second Year, Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics, Rajsthan
Dental College & Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, Reader, Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics, NIMS
Dental College & Hospital, NIMS University, Shobha Nagar, Jaipur, Rajasthan
ABSTRACT
Background:              


Aim:
Materials and method:            

      



       


Results:

Conclusion:


Keywords: Lip Prints, Cheiloscopy, Malocclusion, Association, Jaipur.
INTRODUCTION

  1    
    
2
       
     
     
       
3
     
         
       
 3


Corresponding author:
Dr. Ruchi Sharma

     
     
     

26 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 27


       
      

      
 4      
      

    
2,3 

5
      
     

6 

6,7

       

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
  
      

MATERIALS & METHOD
      
        
           
       

     

Inclusion criteria:    
      
         

Class I malocclusion:   
        
     
     

Class II malocclusion:   
     
    
     


Class III malocclusion:   
       



          


Exclusion criteria:

  
     
      

Materials:     
     
   

Figure 1: Materials used in the study
Method:        


       
        

     
         

Fig. 2 (a): Application of lipstick over lips of the subject
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Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 27
Fig. 4(a): Type I lip pa� ern
Fig. 4(b): Type I’ lip print pa� ern
Fig. 4(c): Type II lip print pa� ern
Fig. 4(d): Type III lip print pa� ern
Fig. 4(e): Type IV lip print pa� ern
Fig. 2(c): Pa� ern pasted onto bond paper for recording of
pa� ern
Figure 2: Method of recording lip pa� ern
      
4


   

       







Figure 3: Classi cation of lip print pa� erns
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Fig. 4(f): Type IV lip print pa� ern
Fig. 4(g): Type V lip print pa� ern
Figure 4: Types of lip pa� erns
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Table 1: Statistical analysis of association
between lip print pa� erns and malocclusions
Lip pa� ern Class I Class II Class
III Total
  
   
  
   
   
  
    

RESULTS
    
        
      


  


DISCUSSION
        
      
         
      
       


       8 
       
        
  
      
     







    5 
       
       



         
      
       
      

       


       

CONCLUSION
      
      


      
       

     

28 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 29

Acknowledgement: 
Source of Support: 
Conict of Interest: 
REFERENCES
 
  

     


     
    

 
        

      


 




      


        
    


Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 31
New Horizons in Salivary Diagnostics- A Review
Piyali Poddar1, Vamsi K Reddy2, Shafaat Mohammad2, Sabyasachi Saha3
1Resident, 2Reader, 3Prof & Head, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sardar Patel Post Graduate
Institute of Dental & Medical Sciences, Lucknow
ABSTRACT
                




Keywords: Saliva, diagnostic tool, biomarkers, systemic disease, dental disease.
Corresponding author:
Dr. Piyali Poddar





INTRODUCTION


 
       
      
      
      
      



      
     

        
      

      
      
     



METHOD OF SALIVA COLLECTION
      
     
       



 

 

 
 


HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF SALIVA
AS A DIAGNOSTIC TOOL

      

      
          
       


        
        

Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 31

    


      

    
    
      
      

ANALYSIS OF SALIVA FOR DIAGNOSIS OF
DENTAL CARIES
     
       
      
      



 

       



 

       
          
   
        

 
 
  

       


   
      

 

    
        
   
  

      

 
      




 


     
       
      

 






ANALYSIS OF SALIVA FOR DIAGNOSIS OF
PERIODONTITIS
     
      
   


      


 
     
    
     
32 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 33
    
      
   


 et al     
     

   
     
      

   


     
    
    
      



 



        

 
    
   
   
    
     
       
     

    
       




Table 1: Specic and nonspecic markers in salivary glands11
  




 
NON SPECIFIC
Mucins  
Lysozyme  
Lactoferrin  
Histatin 
 
Peroxidise 
 
32 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 33
ANALYSIS OF SALIVA FOR DIAGNOSIS OF
CANDIDIASIS



       

SALIVARY DIAGNOSTICS IN ORAL
DISEASES CAUSED BY VIRUSES
      
      
     
      
     

   
    

    
       
       

      
    
     

      
        
    
    

     
      

      

     
        

ANALYSIS OF SALIVA FOR DIAGNOSIS OF
MALIGNANCY

        
      




     
      


       
      
     

      


        
        

    
     
       
    et al  
 
    et al  



ANALYSIS OF SALIVA FOR DIAGNOSIS OF
AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES
      
       

     
       
     

     
   

 
   

         
      
       


34 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 35
ANALYSIS OF SALIVA FOR SYSTEMIC
DISEASES
Cardiovascular disease


 
      

       
      





BREAST CANCER
    
      
 
       

        
      

DIABETES


       
      

     
      
       


     
       
     
      

     
     
 
       

DRUG MONITORING IN SALIVA
    

Table 2: Drug monitoring in saliva4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
34 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 35
       
    
       
     


      

 

SALIVA TESTS FOR FORENSIC EVIDENCE
   

      
    
 


      
  

        
      
        
        
  

CONCLUSION
       
       

      
     
    

    
       
         





Acknowledgment    
     
       

Conict of Interest
Source of Funding- 
Ethical Clearance
REFERENCES
       
    et al   



  

 


  


      
   

   



       

 
  


 
  
    

       
      

         


       


Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 37
Management of Avulsed Tooth : A Review
Dakshita Joy Sinha1, Ashish Amit Sinha1, AgrimaVasudeva2, Natasha Jaiswal2
1Reader, 2PG Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Kothiwal Dental College
Research Centre and Hospital, Moradabad,
ABSTRACT


                









Keywords: Dental reimplantation, Dental trauma, Storage media.
Author for correspondence:
Dr. Dakshita Joy Sinha





INTRODUCTION

  
        

       


GENERAL INFORMATION REGARDING
AVULSION
     

         

        

FACTORS AFFECTING THE SUCCESS OF
REPLANTATION
Extraoral time:     
        

         

Storage media: 

  

      
      
      
        
     
     


milk 
    saliva     
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 37
       
      
      
      

       
       
    




Normal saline     
        
      


        
     

ViaSpan      


 




Gatorade :       
     
       



Contact lens solution:   
       
        

Ascorbic acid:  
        

        


Hank’s balanced salt solution:  
      
        
      

      
     
         
       
      
     
     
      


Eagle’s medium:   
     
     
   
         
   
       

        

Propolis      
      
       
      
        
     
     





Coconut water:    
       
     
   
 
      

  

Egg albumen : 
 egg albumen      

      
     
38 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 39

       

Emdogain: 
      
      




Growth factors:  

    
      


L-Dopa:      



Cryoprotective agents: 
      
     
       
      



Catalase supplementation:   

     
       

Green tea extract:     
 
  

Platelet rich brin:   
    
      

Treatment of Avulsed Tooth:    
       
      
        
       
      


In Clinics:
1. 
    



         

        
        


        
  
    
     

Management of the Root Surface
1.
2.

3.         

4.         

5. 
         



Management of the Socket
1. 

2. 
3. 
4.        
38 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 39

5.        

        
 
6.     

Management of Soft Tissues - tightly suture any
soft tissue lacerations, particularly in the cervical
region.
Splinting (indicated in most cases)
 1.
      

    

 2.        
    


 3.      

 4.      

 a. 
b.
c.
CONCLUSION

     
      
      
      



Acknowledgement: 
Conict of Interest 

Source of Funding: 
Ethical Clearance:   

REFERENCES
       
      
      


      

     
       


      
     

 




    
     
     


    
   
   
 


     

      

         
    


 
      
      

   


 

40 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
 
      


       
 
    

        
     
      


     
      
    

        




     


        
    
      
     

         
    
      
    

       

  
 

    
     
     


 
     
       

 
      

    

       
     


     
   

 
     
     
    

 
    


 

      
     
    

       
      
     

 
     

       
 

 
        


     

     

 


40 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Ameloblastomatous Calcifying Odontogenic
Cyst: Rare Variant
Jagadish Chandra1, B H Sripathi Rao2, Joyce Sequeira1, Bhupendra Mathre3, Subhasish Panigrahi4
1Professor, 2Professor and Head of the Department, 1Professor, 3Post graduate Student 4Post graduate Student 3rd year.
Department of Oral and maxillofacial Surgery, Yenepoya Dental College Mangalore Karnataka
ABSTRACT
              
            


Keywords: COC-: Calcifying odontogenic cyst; CCOT -: calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor.
INTRODUCTION
     
      
      
      


  
       
        
     
     
        
      
     
      


    
      
   

      



CASE REPORT
      
   
        

     

 
      
  

       
        
        
      


       
   


   
      
        
    

        
       
  

       
        

42 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 43
      


Figure no.1 -: Orthopantomograph reveals well dened
intrabony cystic lesion present on right side of mandible
involving body, ramus, condyle and coronoid process.
Figure no. 2 -: The surgical specimen showed a cystic
lesion
  

DISCUSSION
     
     
         
     
      
     
     





      

       
     



        
   

     
      



      
      
   

       
 
       
  
     

     
      
    
         
      
     


        
    
     
    


       
       
    
      
       
     
       
   

      
      



42 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 43
CONCLUSION
      
         
    


Acknowledgement
Ethical Cleareance: 
Source of Funding
Conict of Intrest
REFERENCES
       
      
     



      
       
    
    


       
    

    
     
   


 
    
       

      

 

    
     
  
     

    


    

       

     

     

      
  

       
      
     

      
   

        
   

    

       
     

Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 45
Giant Sialolith in Wharton’s duct with Perforation in Oral
Cavity: Case Report
Shreeyam Mohapatra1, Akshay Verma2, Ajay Sharma2, Abhishek Choudhary3, Pooja Narain4
1Post Graduate Student, Dept of Oral Medicine & Radiology, 2Post Graduate Student, Dept of Oral Pathology &
Microbiology, 3Post Graduate Student, Dept of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, 4Reader, Dept of Oral Pathology &
Microbiology, Rajasthan Dental College & Hospital, Jaipur
ABSTRACT



    



Keywords: Salivary gland calculi, Sialolithiasis,, Submandibular gland, Wharton’s duct.
Corresponding author:
Dr. Akshay Verma




INTRODUCTION
      
         

       
         




     
      
       
      
     
      
      
      
      
        
     
    

     
 

        

  


      
     
        
      
      
       
        
        
          

CASE REPORT
        
      

Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 45






     
       
      
   
      
        
      
       
     

       

    

        
      
        

         
       
       
        


DISCUSSION
      



       
       

et al. 
      

     
       

     

       
     
  


       
  

       
        

      

    





      
    
      
     
     


      
       
       

    





     
 
       

     


     
     
       
     
        



46 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 47
      
        
      
       

     
    
        




       
      
      
      
      
       




   
       
      
        
     


        
        


      
      
     
        
        


    




     
     
    
     
     
       

     



    
     
      
          
        



      
       
     


    
      
         
      


    

       

     


      
       

       
      
  
   
         


       
  

46 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 47
PHOTOGRAPHS
Intraoral Photograph Showing
Figure 1
Perforation into the Floor of the Mouth
Figure 2
Pre-treatment Occlusal Radiograph Removed Sialolith
Figure 3
Post-treatment Occlusal Radiograph
Figure 4
CONCLUSIONS
     
     
   
     
     
     

Acknowledgement:
Ethical Clearance    

Source of Funding
Conict of Interest
REFERENCES
    
   
     

         
     

         

    


       
     

 

   

    
      

    

      
     
  

 
    

      

48 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2

         


         

 
      

         


      

       

         
    
     

 

     

 
    


        



 
    
   

     
      

 
   


        
   
     

        
    
     

     
    
      

      
    

 
     
   
      

 
     
       
     
       

       

    

      

      
      


48 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
The Outcome of Dental Implants Placed in Narrow
Edentulous Ridges with Osteotome Technique:
Results of a Clinical Study
Rana Saraswati1, Shekhawat Himanshu2
1PG Student, Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, D J College of Dental Sciences and Research,
Modinagar U�ar Pradesh India, 2Senior Lecturer, Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, Post
Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
ABSTRACT
Objective: 

Materials and Method: 



       



Result:            



Conclusion:
             



Keywords: Bone expansion, Osteotome, Implant Supported Prosthesis, Ridge expansion.
INTRODUCTION
      
        
      

   
  
       
        
        




  



     


    


50 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 51
    
    
    
      
       

       
     


        

    

    




Fig.1


         
     




       
     
    
        
       
      

        

MATERIALS & METHOD
     

     
       

      
        
       
         

       
     
    
      


Fig 2:- Pre Operative View
Pre-Surgical procedure:  
 
        
       
       
      
     


Surgical procedure: 

      
       



50 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 51
     

     



     
      
       




        
      
      
     



      
      
     
      
 
         


      
         
       
  

    
  

       

Fig.3 :- Expansion of ridge with osteotome( left), suture
placed after surgery( right)
Evaluation of Changes in the buccal-lingual
width of the alveolar ridge during follow-up
     
       
     
        
       
     
        

    
      
     
         
    
       
      
      
        
     
   

 

Fig.4:- Use Of Bone Width Gauge
RESULTS
       

     
       
      
     
   
       
52 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 53


Table 1:- % Improvement in bucco-lingual width of ridge b/w successive time points
S.NO. IMPLANT
SITE
T0 –t1
(% improvement)
T0-t2
(% improvement)
T0-t3 (%
improvement)
T0-t4
(% mprovement)
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     



      
  
       
    





      
     

 

        


DISCUSSION


      

      




         
     
       
       
      
    
       
       
     
     
      
      
      
       

      
     
   


  

      
   
      
    

    
    

          
Demarosi

 Saadoun 

52 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 53


Fig 5:- post operative radiograph (left) , post operative
view( right )
CONCLUSION
      
       

      
      

    
         
         
    


Acknowledgement: 



Con ict of Interest:     

Funding Source:
REFERENCES
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     

 
     
   

 
     
     

      
    

        
     
      

       
    


       
      
     


       

     


      
      


      

        
     
     

 
      
    

          

      
      

     
    
    

 
    


       
    
    

 


       

   

Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 55
Dierentiation of Ameloblastoma, Odontogenic Keratocyst
and Dentigerous Cysts by BCL -2 Protein -
an Immunohistochemical Study
Pooja Narain1, Sameer Parihar2, Akshay Verma3, Ajay Sharma3
1Reader, Dept of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, Rajasthan Dental College & Hospital, Jaipur, 2Reader, Dept of Oral &
Maxillofacial Surgery, Jodhpur Dental College & Hospital, Jodhpur, 3Post Graduate Student, Dept of Oral Pathology &
Microbiology, Rajasthan Dental College & Hospital, Jaipur
ABSTRACT
Aim: 

Materials and Method: 


Results: 



Conclusion: 
    


Keywords: Bcl-2, immunohistochemistry, ameloblastoma, odontogenic cysts.
INTRODUCTION

     
      
       
         
    
    

     
      
      


    
     
     


     


       
        

     
       
    
Corresponding author:
Dr. Pooja Narain



Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 55

     
 


      

MATERIALS & METHOD
      


       




        
         




 
      
      
      
       
        
   
       
     
   

         
       
        
       
    
       

 
    
        
       
       



    




       





      

RESULTS
       
  
   
    






        
          
       


Table 1 : Intensity of bcl 2 expression in study
groups
Group 3+ 2+ 1+ -ve Total
  
  
  
  
  
 

56 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 57
Group 1 (Ameloblastoma) n = 20
Group 2 (Odontogenic keratocyst ) n = 20
Group 3 (Dentigerous cyst ) n = 20
n = Number of samples
Table 2: Distribution of bcl 2 expression results
Group +ve -ve Total
   
   
   

Group 1 (Ameloblastoma) n = 20
Group 2 (Odontogenic keratocyst ) n = 20
Group 2 (Dentigerous cyst ) n = 20
n = Number of samples
DISCUSSION
        
      
      
    

  et al    

     
     
       
         
       
        
      



 
  


       


et al



      
        

      
      
       

 
        

     
         
  
        
      
    


     
  

    
       
  

        
       
      



     
       
   
     
        


       
       
        

  



       
56 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 57
         
       




 
      
       
   
     
        


      
       


         
       
     
       
     



     
     

      
    
      

         
     
   



Fig 1: Bcl 2 demonstration in ameloblastoma (H & Eosin
staining of Ameloblastoma at 10x)
Fig 2: Bcl 2 expression in the outer cells of
Ameloblastoma at 10x
Fig 3 : Bcl 2 expression in the outer layer of
Ameloblastoma at 40x
Bcl-2 DEMOSTRATION IN ODONTOGENIC
KERATOCYST
Fig 4 : Bcl 2 demonstration in Odontogenic Keratocyst (H
& Eosin staining of Odontogenic Keratocyst at 10x)
Fig 5 : Bcl 2 expression in the basal cell layer of
Odontogenic keratocyst at 10x
58 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 59
Fig 6: Bcl-2 expression in the basal cells of Odontogenic
Keratocyst at 40x
CONCLUSION
      
       
       


       
      

  

     




     

       


        
     
     

     
      



Acknowledgement
Conict of Interest
Source of Funding 
Ethical Clearance-

REFERENCES
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
 
    
     

 
   

      
      
      

 
       

 


       
      
     

 

   

        
      
     

 

 

        
    
     

      
    
58 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 59
      

         
        

   
     
  

       
     

  
 

 


      

     

        
       
     

 


         
     
   


 
 
   

 
     



      
   


    
    
   

   
      

Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 61
Apexication using Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and
Obturation using Thermoplasticized Systems
Neha Arora1, Dakshita Joy Sinha2, Nimish Tyagi1, Sunita Chaudhary1
1PG Student, 2Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Kothiwal Dental
College and Research Centre, Moradabad, UP
ABSTRACT
 

 



Keyword- Apexication, Calcium hydroxide, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, Obtura, Thermal.
Corresponding author :
Dr Neha Arora





INTRODUCTION
    
       
      
      
      



        

       
 
     
    

    

       
       

      


     
      
      

CASE REPORT
        
    
    
     


     



        


Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 61
Figure 1 Preop IOPA wrt 11,12
     
     
       
      

     
      


     
       

        






         








Figure 2. MTA apical plugs wrt 11,12
    
       
      



Figure 3: Obturation wrt 11,12
      
      

Figure 4: Follow Up IOPA at 6 months
DISCUSSION
      
      
       
     
  
       
      
 

     
      
     
      


62 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
       

     
        
        

      
    

 
        
       




 
     
        



CONCLUSION
       


       


Acknowledgement:
Conict of Interest:  

Source of Funding:
Ethical Clearance:   

REFERENCES
 
  
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
 
    
     
  

     
  

        


     
       
   
    

 


        
     
     

 


 
   



     

      


   
      
    
       

62 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Management of Juvenile Aggressive Ossifying Fibroma
of the Mandible in an 8 - Year- Old Patient with
Costochondral Graft- A Case Report
Mustafa K1, Shehzana Fatima2, H Hari Kishore Bhat3
1Unit Head & Professor, 2Reader, 3Lecturer, Center for Craniofacial Anomalies, Department of Oral &
Maxillofacial Surgery, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya University, Mangalore
ABSTRACT







Keywords: Juvenile ossifying broma, mandible, Costochondral graft.
Corresponding author:
Dr. H Hari Kishore Bhat






INTRODUCTION


       
     



     

       


      
       
       
       

CASE REPORT


         

       

     

       


        
     
      
  

    

        
       
      
64 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 65
 
        
     
     


     
    
        
       

Fig. 4. Lesion exposed via submandibular approach
Fig. 5 Defect reconstructed using costochondral graft
Fig. 6 Mass excised in toto
      
       

Fig. 7A Post operative photograph showing good facial
symmetry
7B: Adequate mouth opening seen post-operatively
demonstrating functional rehabilitation
       
   
      
       
     

Fig. 1. Frontal view showing diuse swelling in the right
cheek
Fig. 2. OPG showing diuse multilocular radiolucency of
the right posterior mandible
         

     

Fig. 3. CT axial section showing expansion & perforation
of buccal & lingual cortical plates
 

      
       
         
       
       
64 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 65
Fig. 8: Post-operative OPG showing excellent graft
uptake after 5 year follow up.
DISCUSSION

   
     

     
      

     


       




   
     
  
   

      
    
     

   
      

       

    
      
        



      
     
     
 
     

       
      
     
    
     

        




    

   

       
    
          
       
       
      
       
     


    
    



CONCLUSION
      


      
      
     
  
       

Acknowledgement:   
      
66 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2

Conict of Interest
Source of Funding:
Ethical Clearance:
REFERENCES
 


      
       

 
 
     

 

 

      
     

      

       
      
     

   


  

 
     

      
   
    , 

  

      

     


  
     

     


 




66 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Evaluation of the Clinical Ecacy of a Herbal Toothpaste
in Comparison with a Triclosan Containing Toothpaste in
a Population of Dental College Students – A Double-blind
Randomized Controlled Trial
Dipika Mitra1, Srishti Shah2, Rohit Shah3, Silvia Rodrigues3, Pragalbha Pathare4 , Harshad Vijayakar5
1Professor, 2 2nd Year Post Graduate Student, 3Reader, 4Senior Lecturer, 5Professor and Head of DepartmentDept of
Periodontology, TPCT’s Terna Dental College, Nerul West, Navi Mumbai
ABSTRACT
Background


Materials and method



Results


Conclusion

Keywords Dentrice, herbal, triclosan, dental college students, plaque, gingivitis, anti-bacterial eect, side
eects.
Aim of The Study:      

Corresponding author
Dr. Srishti Shah





INTRODUCTION
     
       
     
   
     

     
     

    
 
     



       

       
      
       
68 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 69



        
     
     

MATERIALS & METHOD



     
 
    
       




        





      
       
     
    
       
    
       
      
      
        
       
        
     
        


    

         
      
     

       


RESULTS
         
    
  
   
       

 
        

   
      
         

    
      

    p  


      


DISCUSSION
      

      
       
      
  



       
         


      
      
     
       
68 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2 69

       

       
     
       

     
      
   
       
    
        

        
     



     
        
      
     
       
         

     
      
      

     
       
      


          
     

      



      
       
      

     
      
 
      
       
     


Table 1: Inter-group comparison of Plaque Index
Group N Mean Std. deviation

   
   

   
   

   
   
Table 2: Inter-group comparison of Gingival Index
   

   
   

   
   

   
   
70 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2

CONCLUSION
       
        
    
      
 
    
        

Acknowledgement – 
Source of Funding – 
Conict of Interest - 
REFERENCES
         
      
      


       
   
    

       
       
      


      
      

 
      
    
    


         
       

        
       

  


       
    
    
     


        
     
    




70 Indian Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, July-December, 2015, Vol.3, No.2
... This exclusion resulted in 19 full-text articles plus 3 unpublished records. The remaining ten studies [9,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] that fulfilled the selection criteria were processed for data extraction. Additional hand searching of the reference lists of the selected studies yielded no additional records. ...
... Additional hand searching of the reference lists of the selected studies yielded no additional records. An overview of the selected studies [9,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] and their characteristics are presented in Table 1. ...
... All studies were performed using parallel design. One study [26] was triple masked, seven studies [9,[18][19][20][23][24][25] were double masked, whereas two studies [21,22] had no blinding. The study population in all the selected studies were patients with gingivitis. ...
Article
Full-text available
Objective: The aim of this study was to review literature on the effects of herbal dentifrice compared to conventional dentifrice on plaque and gingival inflammation. Materials and Methods: MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and major journals were explored for studies up to September 30, 2017. A comprehensive search was designed and the articles were independently screened for eligibility by two reviewers. Randomized controlled clinical trials, in which oral prophylaxis was undertaken before the intervention was introduced into the oral cavity using toothbrush were included. Where appropriate, a meta-analysis (MA) was performed and standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated. Results: Ten articles out of 1378 titles were found to meet the eligibility criteria. A MA showed that for plaque intervention the SMD was 2.14; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.88-3.41, P = 0.0009; test for heterogeneity: P < 0.00001, I² = 96% in favor of conventional dentifrice; and for gingival inflammation, the SMD was 1.37; 95% CI: 0.49-2.26, P = 0.002; test for heterogeneity: P < 0.00001, I² = 94% which also was in favor of conventional dentifrice. Subgroup analysis for plaque intervention and gingival inflammation in case of long-term (more than 4 weeks and up to 6 months) and short-term effects (minimum of 4 weeks) of herbal dentifrice showed no difference when compared to conventional dentifrice. Conclusion: Currently, there is no high-quality evidence to support or abnegate the anti-plaque and anti-gingivitis effects of the herbal dentifrice.
... This exclusion resulted in 19 full-text articles plus 3 unpublished records. The remaining ten studies [9,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] that fulfilled the selection criteria were processed for data extraction. Additional hand searching of the reference lists of the selected studies yielded no additional records. ...
... Additional hand searching of the reference lists of the selected studies yielded no additional records. An overview of the selected studies [9,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] and their characteristics are presented in Table 1. ...
... All studies were performed using parallel design. One study [26] was triple masked, seven studies [9,[18][19][20][23][24][25] were double masked, whereas two studies [21,22] had no blinding. The study population in all the selected studies were patients with gingivitis. ...
Article
Full-text available
Objective The aim of this study was to review literature on the effects of herbal dentifrice compared to conventional dentifrice on plaque and gingival inflammation. Materials and Methods MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and major journals were explored for studies up to September 30, 2017. A comprehensive search was designed and the articles were independently screened for eligibility by two reviewers. Randomized controlled clinical trials, in which oral prophylaxis was undertaken before the intervention was introduced into the oral cavity using toothbrush were included. Where appropriate, a meta-analysis (MA) was performed and standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated. Results Ten articles out of 1378 titles were found to meet the eligibility criteria. A MA showed that for plaque intervention the SMD was 2.14; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.88–3.41, P = 0.0009; test for heterogeneity: P < 0.00001, I² = 96% in favor of conventional dentifrice; and for gingival inflammation, the SMD was 1.37; 95% CI: 0.49–2.26, P = 0.002; test for heterogeneity: P < 0.00001, I² = 94% which also was in favor of conventional dentifrice. Subgroup analysis for plaque intervention and gingival inflammation in case of long-term (more than 4 weeks and up to 6 months) and short-term effects (minimum of 4 weeks) of herbal dentifrice showed no difference when compared to conventional dentifrice. Conclusion Currently, there is no high-quality evidence to support or abnegate the anti-plaque and anti-gingivitis effects of the herbal dentifrice.
... The proportions of researches conducted using parallel and cross-over designs were 90% and 10%, respectively. Only one study [31] was triple blinded, 17 studies [8,9,[11][12][13][14]21,22,24,26,[28][29][30]32,[34][35][36] were double blinded, four studies [7,16,23,37] were single blinded, whereas nine studies [10,15,[17][18][19][20]25,27,33] had not mentioned blinding. Twenty-eight studies were organized in clinical settings with adult participants, while in contrary two studies [10,20] included children as participants and one study [8] with dental students. ...
... Within the limitations (small sample size and Hawthorne effect), regular use of neem containing toothpaste provided a significant reduction of participants' dental plaque 2015 Mitra et al. [9] Mumbai, India ...
Article
Full-text available
Background Different toothpastes of the corresponding active ingredients could have variable extent of effectiveness; this raises the amount of choices with the marketplace for toothpaste containing these agents and makes it more difficult to gauge their effectiveness. Therefore, the purpose of this systemic review and meta-analysis was to gauge the antiplaque efficacy of different toothpaste agents in studies involving randomized clinical trials published over a span of January 2015-May 2020. Materials and Methods A comprehensive and systematic electronic search via PubMed, TRIP, Cochrane, and Google scholar prompted in 593 articles. Subsequently screening titles and abstracts for applicability, 31 Randomized controlled trial (RCT) articles were enclosed in the review. With the aid of the Cochrane Collaboration's tool, the risk of bias of each study was assessed. Results A total of 2467 individuals partake in 31 RCT studies. Triclosan toothpaste was superior over sodium fluoride/monofluorophosphate toothpaste (standard mean difference, SMD − 1.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] (2.81–0.10), P = 0.007) in plaque reduction. Long-term utilization of stannous fluoride toothpastes reduced dental plaque superior than monofluorophosphate toothpaste (SMD − 0.61, 95% (CI 1.04–0.18), P = 0.005). There was no discernible difference in plaque reduction. Conclusion Within the confines of the current study's limitations (which embody the severe imbalance within the quantity of evidence), once scrutiny among products, triclosan and stannous fluoride in dentifrices seem to be the foremost efficacious plaque controlling active agents.
Article
Full-text available
Article
Background and Overview. Dental caries is a bacterially based disease. When it progresses, acid produced by bacterial action on dietary fermentable carbohydrates diffuses into the tooth and dissolves the carbonated hydroxyapatite mineral-a process called demineralization. Pathological factors including acidogenic bacteria (mutans streptococci and lactobacilli), salivary dysfunction, and dietary carbohydrates are related to caries progression. Protective factors - which include salivary calcium, phosphate and proteins, salivary flow, fluoride in saliva, and antibacterial components or agents-can balance, prevent or reverse dental caries. Conclusions. Caries progression or reversal is determined by the balance between protective and pathological factors. Fluoride, the key agent in battling caries, works primarily via topical mechanisms: inhibition of demineralization, enhancement of remineralization and inhibition of bacterial enzymes. Clinical Implications. Fluoride in drinking water and in fluoride-containing products reduces caries via these topical mechanisms. Antibacterial therapy must be used to combat a high bacterial challenge. For practical caries management and prevention or reversal of dental caries, the sum of the preventive factors must outweigh the pathological factors.
Article
Purpose: This article describes a technique of salivary gland endoscopy using a 2.1-mm endoscope with a 1-mm working channel. The technique allows intracorporeal lithotripsy under endoscopic control. Two types of energy to produce calculi fragmentation were analyzed. Patients and methods: Of 39 patients who presented with obstructive sialoadenitis, endoscopic treatment was possible in 27. Eighteen had a diagnosis of sialolithiasis. Intracorporeal lithotripsy was done under endoscopic control in these patients. Laser energy was used to produce fragmentation in 3 cases and pneumobalistic energy in 9. In 6 cases, the calculi were extracted with forceps. Results: Fifteen patients are free of stones and symptoms after a 6-month follow-up. Fragmentation and extraction of the calculi were not possible in 3 patients. Two of these patients required open surgery. The other patient is under observation. Conclusions: The use of endoscopes with a working channel allows irrigation to improve visibility during exploration. Both extraction of calculi and lithiasis fragmentation using different energies can be carried out through the channel. In this series, pneumoballistic energy (Lithoclast) has been shown to produce calculus fragmentation with more efficiency than lasertripsy (Dornier Impact). When dilation and placement of a cannula (Abocath 16 G) was done 2 days preoperatively, endoscopy was performed more easily. Postoperative drainage has proven effective in avoiding complications.
Article
Programmed cell death (PCD) is essential for normal development and maintenance of tissue homeostasis in multicellular organisms. While it is now evident that PCD can take many different forms, apoptosis is probably the most well-defined cell death programme. The characteristic morphological and biochemical features associated with this highly regulated form of cell death have until recently been exclusively attributed to the caspase family of cysteine proteases. As a result, many investigators affiliate apoptosis with its pivotal execution system, i.e. caspase activation. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that PCD or apoptosis can also proceed in a caspase-independent manner and maintain key characteristics of apoptosis. Mitochondrial integrity is central to both caspase-dependent and-independent cell death. The release of pro-apoptotic factors from the mitochondrial intermembrane space is a key event in a cell's commitment to die and is under the tight regulation of the Bcl-2 family. However, the underlying mechanisms governing the efflux of these pro-death molecules are largely unknown. This review will focus on the regulation of mitochondrial integrity by Bcl-2 family members with particular attention to the controlled release of factors involved in caspase-independent cell death.