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Effect of lameness on milk production traits in holstein-friesian dairy cows
Abstract
The study was conducted to determine the effect of lameness on production traits in dairy cows - milk yield, mil protein and milk fat contents. For this purpose, productivity records of 300 Holstein-Friesian cows (100 from 3 Bulgarian herds) were collected. The results showed that 305-day lactation milk yield of lame cows from the three herds was by 516.8 kg lower compared to that of healthy cows. Milk fat percentage was reduced by 0.16 %, and milk protein - by 0.04 % vs healthy cows. In herd 1, where the average milk yield was the lowest (7074.4 kg), milk yield was by 89.1 kg lower in 38 % of cows affected by lameness. The average milk yield of herd 3 was 7882.3 kg, the milk yield reduction amounted to 565.6 kg in 43 % of lame cows. In herd 2 with the highest milk yield (8660.6 kg), the difference between the lame and healthy cows was 1314.3 kg, and the prevalence of lameness was 61 %. The highest share of lame cows was affected by lameness in the beginning of lactation, 37.3 % - until the 150th day with greatest milk production loss vs healthy cows - 598.3 kg. In the subsequent period of lactation, only 10 % became lame, and milk yield reduction amounted to 211.9 kg.
Özet: Bu çalışmada ahır içi kirlilik durumu ile süt sığırlarında topallık arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, Balıkesir ilinde, 3000 baş kapasiteli modern süt sığırcılığı işletmesinde bulunan 778 baş Siyah Alaca sığırlarının topallık skorlaması, vücut kirlilik puanlaması 4 verim grubuna ayrılarak tespit edilmiş, ahır kirliliği, gezinti alan kirliliği ve sağım yolu kayganlığının topallığa olan etkisi araştırılmıştır. Ahır kirliliği, yataklık kirliliği ile gezinti alan kirliliği puanı sıyırıcıların düzenli çalışmasından dolayı 0 (temiz) puan, zemin kayganlığı ise yürüme yolunun kauçuk yataklık olmasından dolayı 0 (mükemmel) puan olarak tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan istatistik analizler sonucunda, 7 günlük süt veriminin topallıkla olan ilişkisinde, sadece 1. verim grubuyla istatistiki açıdan fark tespit edilmiştir (P<0,05). Sağılan gün sayısının topallık (1. ve 2. Verim grubu) ve kirlilik skorlarıyla olan ilişkisi arasında istatistiki açıdan önemli bulunmuştur (P<0,01; P<0,05; P<0,01). Çalışmada, laktasyon sayısının topallık skoru ile 305 günlük süt verimi arasında tüm verim gruplarında istatistik farklılık olmadığı, kirlilik skoru ile 305 günlük süt verimi arasında tüm verim gruplarında istatistik farklılık olmadığı tespit edilmiş (P>0,05). Çalışmada barınak iç koşullarının topallık üzerinde önemli etkisi bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Barınak iç koşullarından yataklık kirlilik durumu, gezinti alanlarındaki dışkı durumu, yetersiz havalandırma ve sağım yollarının kaygan olması gibi etkenler sürü içerisindeki topal hayvan sayısını etkilemektedir.
Abstract: The relationship between indoor cleanliness score and lameness in dairy cattle was examined in this study. By this aim, the locomotion score of 778 main Holstein cattle, which has a total of 3000 heads modern dairy cattle operation, including 800 head milk, in Balıkesir province, body cleanliness score is determined by separating 4 yield groups, barn cleanliness, the feeding way cleanliness and the milking parlor way cleanliness has been investigated. The score of barn cleanliness, the feeding way cleanliness and the cleanliness score of the milking parlor way were found to be 0 (clear) points due to the regular stripper and greasiness of the ground found as 0 (excellent) points due to the rubber walking path. As a result of the statistical analyzes performed, the 7 day milk yield relation with locomotion score was found to statistically significant (P<0.05). Milking days relation between locomotion (only 1 and 2 yield groups) to pollution scores were found statistically significant difference (P<0.01; P<0.05; P<0.01). In the study, it was determined that there was no statistical difference between the lameness score of the number of lactations and 305-day milk yield in all yield groups, and that there was no statistical difference between the pollution score and 305-day milk yield in all yield groups (P>0.05). It was determined that the internal conditions of the barn had a significant effect on lameness. Among the internal conditions of the barn, factors such as bedding pollution, manure in walking areas, inadequate ventilation and slippery milking roads affect the number of lame animals in the herd. Cite as: Önal AR, Aydın R. 2024. The relationship between barn cleanliness and lameness score and milk yield in dairy cattle farms. BSJ Eng Sci, 7(5): xx-xx.
Bu çalışmada ahır içi kirlilik durumu ile süt sığırlarında topallık arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, Balıkesir ilinde, 3000 baş kapasiteli modern süt sığırcılığı işletmesinde bulunan 778 baş Holştein sığırlarının topallık skorlaması, vücut kirlilik puanlaması 4 verim grubuna ayrılarak tespit edilmiş, ahır kirliliği, gezinti alan kirliliği ve sağım yolu kayganlığının topallığa olan etkisi araştırılmıştır. Ahır kirliliği, yataklık kirliliği ile gezinti alan kirliliği puanı sıyırıcıların düzenli çalışmasından dolayı 0 (temiz) puan, zemin kayganlığı ise yürüme yolunun kauçuk yataklık olmasından dolayı 0 (mükemmel) puan olarak tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan istatistik analizler sonucunda, 7 günlük süt veriminin topallıkla olan ilişkisinde, sadece 1. verim grubuyla istatistiki açıdan fark tespit edilmiştir (p
The impact of lameness on behavior and milk production of multiparity Holstein cows was examined on two commercial dairy farms. Pens of cows were selected based on distance from the milking parlor. Cows within each pen were locomotion scored to quantify lameness severity. Based on their locomotion score (i.e. 1–4), where an increasing number indicates an increased severity of lameness, cows were color marked and observed to quantify behaviors. Data recorded by cow was the return time from the milking parlor (i.e. time after the first cow returned; in minutes) after the morning milking and then, at hourly intervals until cows left for the afternoon milking, whether marked cows were lying or standing and their distance from the pen entrance. Milk production and composition was determined. In Experiment 1, the percentage of cows lying increased at an increasing rate (linear (L): P=0.02; quadratic (Q): P=0.07), distance from the pen entrance was highest in intermediate locomotion score groups (Q: P=0.02), return time tended to increase linearly (P=0.07), and milk (P=0.02) and protein production (P
This study was conducted to investigate the incidence of lameness in a private dairy herd and the effect of lameness on the weekly milk yields and lactation milk yield of dairy cows. Data used in the analyses comprised 953 lactation data from 787 Holstein cows. The traits analysed were daily averages of weekly milk yield and lactation milk yield. To determine the effect of lameness on daily averages of weekly milk yield, mixed model procedure was applied in the analyses. Lameness incidence of the herd was 9.02% and most of the lameness events were in the first four weeks. Daily averages of weekly milk yield had significantly decreased in the diagnosis week and continued at a reduced level until 3 weeks after the diagnosis. Whereas milk yield of healthy cows was 30.57 kg/d, milk yield in the lameness week, first week, second week and third week were 27.52 kg/d, 27.83 kg/d, 29.15 kg/d and 29.80 kg/d, respectively. Lame cows produced more milk while they were not lame and after the treatment, compared with healthy cows. The effect of lameness on lactation milk yield was not significant.
Data were collected prospectively for 1.5 yr on two New York dairy farms to investigate the effect of lameness on milk production. The numbers of study cows (percentages treated at least once for lameness) in each herd were 1796 (52%) and 724 (40%), respectively. Lame cows were identified and treated by farm employees or a professional hoof trimmer. Weekly averages of total milk production per day were recorded based on automated milk weight measurements at each milking. The effect of lameness on milk production was analyzed separately for each herd using repeated measures ANOVA. In both herds, milk production decreased significantly for cows diagnosed lame. Milk production was 1.5 kg/d lower > or = 2 wk after lameness compared with cows that had not yet been diagnosed lame in the current lactation in the larger herd. In the second herd, milk production of lame cows was 0.8 kg/d lower in the first and second wk after lameness and 0.5 kg/d lower > or = 3 wk after diagnosis. The decrease in milk production associated with lameness was larger for cows in second or greater lactation and for more severe cases. In one herd, the decrease in milk production was greater for cows with sole ulcers or foot abscesses than for foot rot or foot warts. Cows with abscesses or foot rot tended to have larger decreases in milk production in the other herd. The inconsistent results between farms may have resulted from differences in the relative frequencies of specific causes of lameness in the two herds and in the way lame cows were identified and defined for the study.
Bovine surgery is both challenging and complicated. Not only does the surgeon have to decide whether surgery is economically justified, but surgery often has to be performed in a sub-optimal environment. Following on from the worldwide success of the first edition, this new edition continues to act as a step-by-step guide to standard surgical techniques. Now with two new authors from Switzerland and North America, both the text and illustrations have been considerably expanded. In addition, special attention is given to issues relating to peri-operative analgesia and animal welfare, food safety, and drug dosages. Maintains the popular concise and accessible format of the first edition - perfect for on-the-field work; Two additional authors, with world renowned expertise in bovine surgery and lameness; Detailed instruction on the basics of effective surgery - proper instrumentation, asepsis, effective anaesthesia and essential techniques; Much more information on lameness, as well as numerous new line drawings to aid instruction.
Lameness, specifically laminitis, is discussed within the context of rumen acidosis, and heat stress and rumen acidosis.
Lameness in cattle continues to be one of the largest financial drains on the UK dairy industry. Pain and discomfort associated with lameness may be prolonged and result in unacceptably poor welfare of the affected animal. All too often, appropriate treatment is delayed or neglected due, in part, to lack of recognition, compounded by some common misconceptions regarding pain in this species and the paucity of licensed veterinary products. This article aims to dispel some of those misconceptions and highlight the benefits of controlling pain when treating lame cattle.
Four hoof traits (foot angle, heel depth, length of dorsal border and diagonal) and locomotion were recorded on a herd of 157 cows at monthly intervals in order to investigate the phenotypic influences on these traits and their development over time. In addition, information on udder size, rear leg side view (RLSV), milk production and management was also collected. Hoof traits recorded on only one claw of one rear foot were found to give a representative picture of both claws on both rear feet. Based on correlation coefficients, heel depth was the least, and diagonal the most adequate trait to describe hoof shape. All claw traits and locomotion showed variation between years and were influenced by seasonal factors as well as the age of the animal, with the exception of foot angle. The phenotypic correlation between locomotion and the other traits varied, depending on the data preparation and chosen data subsets, but it was generally small. The most noticeable relationship was found between locomotion and RLSV. Locomotion deteriorated considerably after the start of the housing season but reached a constant level after 10 weeks.
Effects of clinical digital diseases on milk production, calving interval, culling rate and incidence of other diseases were derived from data on 2183 cows and 6273 lactations, routinely collected by veterinarians on 21 dairy farms served by the School of Veterinary Medicine in Utrecht, Netherlands. Effects that could not be obtained from the dataset (i.e., fluctuations in live weight, labour requirement and treatments) were derived from literature. All physical effects were built into a Partial Budgeting model to calculate the economic losses on the farms. The results showed that the average losses from clinical digital diseases per foot-lame cow were NLG 230 per year. The incidence in these herds averaged 21%, resulting in a loss of almost NLG 50 per average cow present in the herd. This equals 4–5% of a typical income on Dutch dairy farms, and ranks third after mastitis (NLG 150 per cow) and fertility problems (NLG 125 per cow). Differences in losses among farms were found to be even greater than the average losses, indicating that there is potential for improvement.
Changes in milk production associated with occurrence of clinical diseases (dystocia, stillbirth, twin births, milk fever, retained placenta, displaced abomasum, limping due to foot lesions, metritis, ketosis, and mastitis) were investigated. Data were collected daily on 388 lactation. Stepwise least squares regression was used to evaluate existence of associations between diseases and six yield measures that characterized milk production in the first 119 d postpartum. Logistic regression was used to investigate whether milk yield 1 to 5 d in milk might be of use to detect cows with early postpartum metritis (less than 21 d after calving). Lower milk production to 5 d postpartum was associated with an increased risk of early postpartum metritis in the logistic regression model. Yield to 5 and to 21 d postpartum was lower in cases of stillbirth, retained placenta, and early postpartum metritis. Yield from 22 to 49 d postpartum remained lower in cows diagnosed with early postpartum metritis. Milk yield losses occurred during diagnosis and treatment of displaced abomasum and mastitis. Ketosis was associated with yield losses prior to and at treatment. Ketosis to 21 d in milk was also associated with lower production after treatment. Limping diagnosed in the first 49 d postpartum coincided with higher yield to 5 d, to 21 d, and after 49 d postpartum.
This paper investigates the impact of lameness on milk yield. The dataset includes approximately 8000 test-day milk yields from 900 cows on five farms in Gloucester, UK, collected over 18 mo from 1997 to 1999. The data were structured to account for repeated measures of test-day yield (1 to 10 per cow) and analyzed to account for this autocorrelation. Factors affecting milk yield included: farm of origin, stage of lactation, parity, and whether a cow ever became lame. In clinically lame cows, milk yield was reduced from up to 4 mo before a case of lameness was diagnosed and treated and for the 5 mo after treatment. The total mean estimated reduction in milk yield per 305-d lactation was approximately 360 kg. We conclude that clinical lameness has a significant impact on milk production. This is important information for assessing the economic impact of clinical lameness and its impact on cow health. It adds weight to the importance of early identification of clinical lameness and the urgency of techniques to improve the definition of this highly subjective diagnosis.