THE IMMATURE STAGES OF EUMORPHA ADAMSI (ROTHSCHILD & JORDAN) (LEPIDOPTERA, SPHINGIDAE, MACROGLOSSINAE)

Abstract

Resumo.- Os estágios imaturos de Eumorpha adamsi (Rothschild & Jordan 1903) são descritos e ilustrados a cores e sua planta hospedeira é divulgada pela primeira vez, de material procedente do alto Rio Arinos, Diamantino, Mato Grosso, Brasil, onde a espécie é encontrada com freqüência durante a estação chuvosa, janeiro-março e outubro-dezembro.
Abstract.- The immature stages of Eumorpha adamsi (Rothschild & Jordan, 1903) are described and illustrated in colour based on material from the upper rio Arinos, near Diamantino, central Mato Grosso, Brazil, where the species is frequent during the rainy season, in January-March and October-December. Its natural hostplant is discovered to be Cissus erosa L. C. Rich. (Vitaceae).

Full text

UNION
DES
ENTOMOLOGISTES BELGES
Sous
le
Haut
Patronage
de
S.M.
le
ROI
L
VEA
Y .
.
=-*:
f
LJ
REVUE INTERNATIONALE
D'ENTOMOLOGIE
105ème ANNEE
N°
4
DECEMBRE 2005
Tome
II
BRUXELLES
(Tervuren)

Lambillionea,
CV,
4,
Décembre 2005
589
THE
IMMATURE STAGES
OF
EUMORPHA
ADAMSI (ROTHSCHILD
&
JORDAN)
(Lepidoptera,
Sphingidae,
Macroglossinae)
by
Eurides
FuRTADO
* &
Jean
HAXAIRE
**
*
Caixa
Postal
97,
78400-000
Diamantino,
MT,
Brasil.
**
Chercheur associé
à
l'insectarium
de
Montréal,
« Le Roc »,
47310
Laplume, France.
jean.haxaire@wanadoo.fr
Abstract.-
The
immature stages
ofEumorpha
adamsi (Rothschild
&
Jordan,
1903)
are
described
and
illustrated
in
colour based
on
material
from
thé
upper
rio
Arinos, near Diamantino, central
Mato Grosso, Brazil, where
thé
species
is fréquent
during
thé
rainy season,
in
January-March
and
October-December.
Its
natural
hostplant
is
discovered
to be
Cissus
erosa
L. C.
Rich.
(Vitaceae).
Key
words.- Brazil,
Eumorpha
adamsi, Hostplant, Lepidoptera, Neotropical Région,
Sphingidae, Vitaceae.
Resumo.-
Os
estâgios imaturos
de
Eumorpha adamsi (Rothschild
&
Jordan 1903)
sâo
descritos
e
ilustrados
a
cores
e sua
planta hospedeira
é
divulgada pela primeira vez,
de
material
procedente
do
alto
Rio
Arinos, Diamantino, Mato Grosso, Brasil, onde
a
espécie
é
encontrada
com freqûência
durante
a
estaçào chuvosa, janeiro-março
e
outubro-dezembro.
Introduction
Eumorpha
adamsi (Rothschild
&
Jordan, 1903)
is one of
thé
prettiest insects
in
its
genus.
It
is
easily recognized
by
thé
deep
pinkish-red
and
black
hindwings,
contrasting strongly with
thé
relatively
uniform,
pale brown
forewings.
The
most
closely related species
is
probably Eumorpha translineatus (Rothschild,
1894),
which
bas
a
very
similar forewing
pattern
and
colour. However,
E.
translineatus
is a
larger
moth that
lacks
thé
red
colour
on
thé
hindwing
and
thé
pair
of
black latéral spots
on
thé
second
abdominal
segment.
The
species
was
named
in
honour
of
H.J.
Adams,
from
whose collection Rothschild received
thé
first
known spécimen. Herbert Jordan
ADAMS,
elected
to
Fellow
of
thé
Entomological Society
of
London
in
1877,
had a
very
large
collection
of
exotic
and
palearctic
Lépidoptères.
His
collection
was
bequeathed
to
thé
British Muséum
in
1912
but it
would
seem that Adams presented
thé
holotype
of
Eumorpha adamsi
a
décade prior
to his
death
(I. J.
KlTCHlNGpers.
comm.)
E.
adamsi
was
described
from
Venezuela, where
it is
sometimes common
but
localized.
In
fact,
thé
moth
is
always very localized
in
distribution.
The
second
author
remembers
long
discussions
with
Francisco
Fernandez
YEPEZ
in
Venezuela.
According to Francisco, E. adamsi was regularly
found
in a small pièce of
forest
close
to
Maracay called
"El
Limon", where
he had his
house. However,
thé
expansion
of
thé
city
of
Maracay
in
thé
early
1980s resulted
in
thé
destruction
of
this pièce
of
forest,
together with
its
population
of
E.
adamsi. Despite much searching elsewhere around
El
Limon,
E.
adamsi
has not
been
found
elsewhere
in
thé
vicinity
of
Maracay.
For
example,
E.
adamsi
has
never been
found
at
thé
famous ecological station
of
Rancho
Grande
in
Henri Pittier National Park, which
is
only
a few
kilomètres
from
Maracay,
despite
many
thousands
of
collecting
nights
there.
We
hâve
observed
thé
same
pattern
in
Bolivia where
E.
adamsi
has
been collected
in
several small areas
of
thé
Yungas
but
is
absent
from
most
of
thé
country.
In
Brazil,
thé
moth seems
to be
more common
in
thé
states
of
Mato Grosso
and
Goias, where,
as in
Bolivia,
it flies
only during
thé
rainy season.
The
second author
has a
single
mâle
from
Colombia,
and
thé
species
is
also
known
from
Peru,
thus
it
probably
also
occurs
in
Ecuador.
In
ail
thèse countries,
E.
adamsi
flies
only
at
low
and
middle élévations.
In
Maracay, both F.F. Yepez
and
René Lichy searched
for
thé
larva
of E.
adamsi
on
ail
Cissus spp.
available
locally
(F.F. Yepez,
pers.
comm.).
However,
they
failed
to
discover
it, so to our
knowledge
this
is
thé
first
published record
and
description
of
thé
early stages
ofE.
adamsi.

590
Lambillionea,
CV, 4,
Décembre
2005
9

Lambillionea,
CV, 4,
Décembre 2005
591
Eumorpha
adamsi
(Rothschild
&
Jordan,
1903)(Figs.
1-2)
Morphology
of
thé
immature stages
Ovum
(Fig.
3)
Globular,
2,0 x 1,8 mm,
pale
yellow
with
a red
equatorial
stripe;
a
second
interrupted,
red
stripe
, in
thé
ante-polar
area. Hatched
5
days
after
oviposition.
Larva
First instar (Fig.
4).
Head: rounded, pale yellow; mandibles
and
stemmata
light
chestnut.
Integument
light
greenish-grey, with
a
milky
appearance spiracular
area with yellow coloration
formed
by
circles
around
thé
spiracles. Thoracic legs
yellowish; prolegs, anal prolegs
and
anal shields
whitish-grey.
Scolus
on A8
long,
filamentous,
black,
,
curved towards
thé
head. Initial length,
7,0 mm; at
thé
end of
instar, 12,0
mm.
Duration,
1
day.
Second
instar (Fig.
5).
Head rounded,
vertex
concave, yellow; sutures,
mandibles
and
stemmata dark chestnut.
A1-7
with
two
whitish
points inside
thé
yellow
area above each spiracle.
A8
humped
at
thé
base
of
thé
scolus
and
with
a
black
rounded
patch
on
thé
anterior border. Other characteristics
as in
thé
previous
instar.
Length,
18,0
mm.
Duration,
1
day.
Third
instar
(Fig.
6).
From
this
instar,
thé
définitive form
of
thé
larva
is
manifest,
with green
and
purple
forms.
The
green
form
shows
thé
same characteristics
as
thé
previous instar.
In
thé
purple
form,
thé
head
is
reddish-brown with
paler
sutures
and
frontoclypeus
and
black mandibles;
thé
thoracic legs
are
somewhat orange;
thé
integument
is
bluish-gray
with violaceous cloudsand
larger
prominences
in
thé
abdominal
segments;
thé
dorsal
Une
is
violaceous-blue,
stronger
on
A6-7. Length,
28,0
mm.
Duration,
1
day.
Fourth
instar
(Fig.
7).
Green
form.
Head
green,
same
pattern
as
thé
previous
instar. Integument olive green, paler dorsally, except
thé
dorsal
line,
which
is
darker.
Base
of
thé
scolus
A8
with
a
rounded yellow ocellus
and a
black
pupil.
Segments
A2-7 with
six
yellowish marksaround
thé
spiracles, thèse marks oblong, oblique, with
three central spots
of
thé
same
color
as
thé
integument. Yellow
and
whitish spots
near (above)
thé
spiracle
on Al and
thé
oblique marks. Length, 40,0
mm.
Duration,
2
days.
Fifth
instar
(Fig.
8).
Purple
form.
Head
with
thé
same
pattern
as
thé
previous
instar,
dark-purple,
frons
rugose,
stemmata whitish. Thoracic legs
dark-brown;
prolegs
and
anal prolegs
thé
same colour
as
thé
integument. Spiracles
ellipsoïdal,
yellowish-chestnut,
peritreme darker. Integument dark-purple, paler dorsally; dorsal
line
with
a
stripe
from
A1
to A7,
formed
from
lines
with darker
punctuation
and
edged
in
yellow. Oblique marks
and
spots
as in
thé
green
form
of
thé
previous instar. Scolus
on A8
absent;
thé
ocellus with
thé
pupil
bordered
with
yellow. Length, 70,0-78,0
mm.
Duration,
6
days.
Pupa (Fig.
9)
Cylindrical, tapered anterior
to
thé
mesothorax
and
posterior
to A5.
Vertex
rounded; metathorax with
a
latéral concavity
close
to
thé
hindwings. Délimitation
of
thé
eyes, antennae, legs
and
proboscis
very
marked.
Small
rugosities
présent
on
wingcases
and
thé
venation prominent. Cremaster
aculeiform,
ventrally
curved.
Ellipsoidal
spiracles, slightly concave, peritreme black. Integument predominantly
fiât,
with
moderate rugosities
on
T2-3
and
thé
anterior
borders
of
thé
abdominal
segments;
dark reddish-chestnut,
but
almost black
on
thé
cephalic area, metanotum,
intersegmental spaces
of
thé
abdomen,
thé
dorsal
half
of A9 and
thé
whole
of
A10.
Length: 40,0-47,0
mm;
width:
11,0-13,0
mm.
Pupal
stage,
20
days.
Biological notes
A
bivoltine species,
E.
adamsi
flies in
thé
upper
rio
Arinos, near Diamantino,
Mato
Grosso,
Brazil,
during
thé
rainy
season,
in
January-March
and
October-
December,
at
which times
thé
larvae
can be
found
on its
natural hostplant, Cissus
erosa
L. C.
Rich. (Vitaceae).
The ova are
laid singly
on
différent
parts
of
thé
hostplant,
but
most
usually
on
thé
tendrils
and
upper
surface
of
thé
leaves.
The
mâles
are

592
Lambillionea,
CV, 4,
Décembre 2005
attracted
to
artificial
light,
but
thé
females
only
rarely. Pupation occurs underground.
The
developmental cycle
is
rapid, taking only
36
days
(16
days
from
egg to
pupation
and
then
20
days
until
émergence
of
thé
imago.
Acknowledgements
We
are, once more,
grateful
to Dr.
I.J.
KlTCHlNG,
of
thé
Natural
History
Muséum,
London,
for
reading
and
correcting
thé
english version
of our
manuscript.
He was
also
instrumental
in
obtaining précise indications
on
thé
type
of
adamsi
as
well
as
informations
about Adams'collection.
Literature
HAXAIRE
J. &
HERBIN
D.,
2001.-
Les
Lépidoptères Sphingidae
de
Bolivie. Ecologie
et
systématique, suite
et
fin.
R.A.R.E
X (3) :
80-95.
KITCHING,
I.J.,
LEDEZMA
J. &
BAIXERAS
J.,
2001.-
An
annotated
checklist
of
thé
Sphingidae
of
Bolivia (Insecta: Lepidoptera).
Gayana
62(2):79-lll.
MOSS A.M.,
1920.-
Sphingidae
of
Para, Brazil. Novit.
Zool
27:
333-424.
ROTHSCHILD
W. &
JORDAN
K.,1903.-A
Revision
of
thé
Lepidopterous
family
Sphingidae.
Novit. Zool.
9,
suppl.