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The Impact of Personal Control over Office Workspace on Environmental Satisfaction and Performance
Abstract and Figures
The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the background information regarding to personal control over the physical aspects of the workspace and the impact of that on individual satisfaction with work environment and performance. Today’s work environment considerably vastly different to what it was several centuries ago; man-made objects dominate the physical surroundings. In today’s workplace development the tendency to move from private offices to open layout is increasing which
is affect the ability of control ambient conditions in workspace such as lighting, room temperature, privacy and so on. This situation may affect employees’ reaction, behaviour and outcome. In fact while individuals are working in open layout workspaces the distractions from uncontrollable ambient conditions happen again and again which reduce their satisfaction with work environment and overall work outcome. It is therefore important to emphasize the significance of personal control over the environmental features and the effect of that on individual’s environmental satisfaction and performance based on the conflict results in the literature. Consequently, the outcome of reviewing literatures will contribute to understand that part of existing knowledge of ergonomics and designing workplaces could be applied to promote individuals outcomes by focusing more on their office design and they ability to control their workspace and environmental satisfaction.
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... On average, non-Hispanic White ICs reported the highest number of days of poor physical health (4.58 days) and ICs who identified as non-Hispanic other races had the lowest observed average number of days of poor (Fig. 2). Across race-ethnicity stratification, middle-age [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] ICs self-identified as non-Hispanic other races and older (55 + years of age), non-Hispanic multiracial ICs had the lowest observed average numbers of days of poor physical and physical health. Older non-Hispanic other races ICs (65+) had the highest observed average number of days of poor physical health (on average 9.7 days of poor physical health), compared to other raceethnicity groups. ...
... Prior to the COVID-19 NED, older ICs (65 + years of age) of Hispanic origins and non-Hispanic other races had the highest observed average number of days of poor physical health (on average more than 13 days of poor physical health), however after the COVID-19 NED older (55 + years) Hispanic ICs and middle age [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] ICs of non-Hispanic other race origins had the lowest average number of days of poor physical health (Fig. 3, panels A and B), though the numbers of respondents are smaller for some of these subpopulations. Hispanic ICs aged 25-34 experienced the biggest increase in the average number of days of poor physical health (from 1.71 days to 10.00 days); also, non-Hispanic Black ICs aged 35-44 and 65 + years and older non-Hispanic White (55 + years of age) reported higher numbers of days of poor physical health after the COVID-19 NED compared to the period before the COVID-19 NED. ...
... In comparison to those who provided care before the COVID-19 NED, ICs who provided care during the COVID-19 pandemic reported a statistically significant lower number of days of poor physical health. This difference may reflect the flexible work schedule afforded to some individuals during lockdowns and work-from home policies enacted by several organizations across the United States that resulted in anticipated substantially lower exposure to non-COVID transmissible diseases when compared to pre-NED periods [37][38][39][40]. However, there were significant differences in the incidence of reported days of poor physical health across age groups and education. ...
Background
Informal caregiving, a common form of social support, can be a chronic stressor with health consequences for caregivers. It is unclear how varying restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic affected caregivers’ physical and mental health. This study explores pre-post March 2020 differences in reported days of poor physical and mental health among informal caregivers.
Methods
Data from the 2019/2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey were used to match, via propensity scores, informal caregivers who provided care during COVID-19 restrictions to those who provided care before the pandemic. Negative binomial weighted regression models estimated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and differences by demographics of reporting days of poor physical and mental health. A sensitivity analysis including multiple imputation was also performed.
Results
The sample included 9,240 informal caregivers, of whom 861 provided care during the COVID-19 pandemic. The incidence rate for days of poor physical health was 26% lower (p = 0.001) for those who provided care during the COVID-19 pandemic, though the incidence rates for days of poor mental health were not statistically different between groups. Informal caregivers with low educational attainment experienced significantly higher IRRs for days of poor physical and mental health. Younger informal caregivers had a significantly lower IRR for days of poor physical health, but higher IRR for days of poor mental health.
Conclusions
This study contends that the physical and mental health burden associated with informal caregiving in a period of great uncertainty may be heightened among certain populations. Policymakers should consider expanding access to resources through institutional mechanisms for informal caregivers, who may be likely to incur a higher physical and mental health burden during public health emergencies, especially those identified as higher risk.
... Penerapan jenis tata ruang kantor apakah itu terpisah, terbuka atau tertutup berdasarkan pada pelaksanaan pekerjaan, situasi dan kondisi instansi yang terkait. Berdasarkan pendapat (Samani, 2015) dapat diketahui bahwa faktor suara kebisingan suara dapat berasal dari dalam maupun luar ruangan kerja, yang dapat mempengaruhi kelancaran dalam bekerja. Apabila dalam sebuah kantor terlalu bising maka akan mengganggu konsentrasi pegawai saat bekerja dan akan mempengaruhi kesehatan para pegawai di kantor. ...
... Pengaturan suara pada kantor bagian umum masih terdapat sedikit kendala, dikarenakan jenis tata ruang kantor yang diterapkan adalah tata ruang kantor terbuka sehingga apabila ada tamu atau para karyawan sedang berbincang maka dapat terdengar, sehingga menyebabkan kebisingan suara. Hal ini sejalan dengan yang dikatakan Samani (2015) bahwa interaksi antar karyawan dapat dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan fisik dalam ruang kerja, sehingga tercapainya efektivitas kerja kurang optimal. Kenyamanan bekerja karyawan dapat tercipta melalui penyusunan ruang kantor yang sesuai. ...
p dir="ltr"> Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang tata ruang kantor, kendala pegawai, dan upaya mengatasi permasalahan tata ruang kantor pada bagian umum Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Surakarta. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif-kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Surakarta khususnya pada bagian umum. Data diperoleh dari peristiwa, informan, dan dokumen dengan menggunakan purposive dan snowball sampling. Teknik uji keabsahan data adalah triangulasi sumber dan metode. Analisis data menggunakan model analisis data interaktif yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tata ruang kantor pada bagian umum Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Surakarta tidak sesuai dengan prinsip tata ruang kantor efektif yang terdiri dari warna, udara, suara, dan pencahayaan. Kendala yang ditemukan dalam penataan kantor umum adalah penataan dan jarak yang terlalu dekat, penataan furnitur yang kurang tepat, kurangnya sarana dan prasarana, serta kurangnya ruang. Upaya yang dilakukan antara lain menata ulang ruangan, menata ulang furnitur berdasarkan kebutuhan dan alur kerja karyawan, menambah sarana dan prasarana, serta menghilangkan sarana dan prasarana yang tidak terpakai.
Kata Kunci: tata ruang kantor yang efektif; layout kantor; prinsip tata ruang kantor
Abstract : This study aims to find out about office layout, employees’ obstacles, and efforts to overcome the problem of office layout in the general section of the Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) of Surakarta. This research is descriptive-qualitative with a case-study approach. This research was carried out at the Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) of Surakarta, especially in the general section. The data were obtained from events, informants, and documents by using purposive and snowball sampling. The data validity test technique was a triangulation of sources and methods. Analysis of data using an interactive model of data analysis, including data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing and verification. The results showed that the office layout in the general section of Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) of Surakarta is not compatible with the principles of effective office layout, which consist of color, air, sound, and exposure. The obstacles found in the arrangement of the general office are the arrangement and distance that are too close, the inappropriate arrangement of furniture, the lack of facilities and infrastructure, and the lack of space. The efforts that have been carried out include rearranging the room, rearranging furniture based on employee needs and workflow, adding facilities and infrastructure, and removing unused facilities and infrastructure.
Keywords: effective office layout; office layout; office layout principles
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... The "workation" concept underscores the importance of choosing optimal work environments for effective and satisfying performance. Moreover, Kim & De Dear (2019) and Samani (2015) observed that open-plan offices often lead to distractions and reduced productivity due to a lack of control over their environment. The rising trend of "desk-terior" helps counteract this by allowing workers to personalize their desk space, improving psychological well-being and job satisfaction (Borzykowski, 2017;Lee, 2022). ...
COVID-19 has fundamentally reshaped the landscape of workstyle, elevating the importance of remote work systems and creating a new work culture. Concurrently, Virtual Reality Workspaces (VRWS) have emerged as innovative solutions that transcend the limitations of traditional remote work systems by leveraging advanced virtual reality technology. VRWS platforms have strong potential in terms of offering immersive environments, allowing users the freedom to customize the design of their space and personalize the environment, and enhancing social presence through virtual co-presence with colleagues. This capability promotes creative thinking and strengthens fellowship among users. Despite their potential, VRWS have not been widely adopted or utilized in practical settings, as evidenced by low public awareness and underutilization even within the companies developing these technologies. This is partly due to the technological limitations of head-mounted displays (HMD), which can affect user health and well-being. Still, it is expected to be resolved in the near future, given the pace and efforts of technological advancement in the virtual reality field. Furthermore, the spatial design of VRWS as a working environment has not been adequately considered, particularly in terms of how it accommodates user behaviors in virtual environments. This oversight can hinder the long-term use of VRWS. This paper examines the critical need for a spatial design approach in developing VRWS, highlighting the importance of understanding and integrating user behavior in virtual environments to improve the spatial experience. Through a semi-structured literature review, the authors explore the current status of research on VRWS design and argue for a design framework that prioritizes spatial considerations. This paper aims to underscore the potential of VRWS as more than just tools-they are environments that can fundamentally enhance how remote work is performed, provided they are designed with a deep understanding of spatial dynamics and user interaction within virtual realms.
... There are research results showing that education level and Accident experience affect safety attitudes [48], efficient working conditions are very important for safety, physical working conditions are potential hazards, and environmental satisfaction of the workspace is very necessary for securing safety [49][50][51]. ...
Background
Job stress was found to directly increase the likelihood of accidents and indirectly increase the likelihood of accidents by lowering the safety atmosphere. Job stress has a significant impact on the safety environment, and job satisfaction is effective in reducing accident rates. Accordingly, we sought to investigate the correlation between safety level, job stress, and job satisfaction in small businesses with a high risk of industrial accidents. Additionally, we aim to investigate factors that may affect job stress, job satisfaction, and safety levels.
Methods
This study was conducted on 230 workers in small businesses in Korea. First, hierarchical regression analysis was conducted using SPSS software, and anova analysis was used to investigate significant variables. Finally, the relationships between variables were investigated using structural equation modeling (SEM).
Results
The analysis results showed that safety level and job stress had a negative correlation with a coefficient of −0.8. Safety level and job satisfaction had a correlation with a coefficient of 0.2. Job satisfaction and job stress had a negative correlation with a coefficient of −0.7. This shows that when job stress is high, there is a negative correlation between job satisfaction and safety level. In addition, 4 general characteristics items and 3 job characteristics items showed a correlation with job stress. 2 general characteristics items and 8 job characteristics items showed a correlation with job satisfaction. 4 general characteristics items and 11 job characteristics items showed a correlation with safety level.
Conclusion
Small businesses' job stress, safety level, and job satisfaction showed a significant correlation. In addition, the relationship between the variables affecting them was significant. In order to reduce the occurrence of accidents among workers in small businesses, control of factors and efforts to reduce job stress are necessary.
... However, it has reduced synchronous communications, such as random encounters and spontaneous communications, while enhancing asynchronous communications that are typically more structured and purpose-specific (Yang et al., 2022). Given that workspace is a small society for employees occupying a substantial portion of their time a day (Samani, 2015), this shift in communication has resulted in practical issues, such as decreased belongingness and fewer opportunities for career advancement, which lead to psychological problems, such as feeling loneliness, social isolation, and depressions (Bloom et The problem in the current remote working environment is the separation of working experience between individual and communal tasks. While working remotely, RWE was utilized only for communication with others, and it remained inactive while workers were conducting individual tasks. ...
... [5,6]Work from home (WFH) is a well-known idea in the business sector and a lot of people WFH. On the other hand, WFH was extensively embraced in the IT industry with increased internet access in the early 2000s when employees may easily avoid WFH because of connection commuting, enable scheduling flexibility, and reach aim proved work-life balance [7] WFH has made strides in recent years. With the assistance of new developing technologies, things have become a lot simpler. ...
The Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has had an influence on the economy, leading to changes in the working arrangements of workers who work from home and may continue to do so (WFH). Organizations are made up of people. Employees are asked to design an inclusive policy to improve mental health when working from home. The goal is toThe purpose of this research was to examine the effect of WFH on mental health and to understand what workers anticipate from WFH, their companies' policies on occupational health.
... In contrast to traditional offi ce settings, where employers typically determine the arrangement of workstations, remote work grants employee's complete autonomy and aff ords them greater control over environmental factors. Factors such as lighting, temperature, humidity, air quality, and noise, among others, are crucial for the physical and mental well-being of employees and may be better managed in a home-based work environment compared to fi xed or open-plan offi ces (Kim & de Dear, 2013;Samani, 2015). ...
Since 2020, there has been a noticeable rise in the prevalence of online work. The catalyst for this shift was the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which was subsequently followed by a state of war. These circumstances compelled numerous individuals to acquire proficiency in the latest information technologies to retain their employment or seek new opportunities. The convergence of the COVID-19 pandemic and the war has heightened several risk factors associated with compromised mental well-being within the realm of professional activities. This circumstance remains true for educators across all educational levels, spanning from primary school to tertiary education. As with any phenomenon, both favorable and unfavorable facets can be discerned. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive description of the primary factors influencing the psychological well-being of individuals engaged in professional work in an online mode. It meticulously investigates the dual-edged sword of online work, accentuating the necessity for a balanced approach to remote employment. It emphasizes the critical need for adaptive measures and support systems to harness the benefits of remote work while minimizing its psychological detriments. By exploring the intersection of technological advancements and psychological health, this research sheds light on the complex dynamics at play, advocating for a more nuanced understanding and strategic interventions to ensure the well-being of professionals navigating the digital work landscape.
... Creating a comfortable thermal comfort for humans is important because it can affect the attitude and performance of individuals and even the safety of these individuals [1]. One of the most crucial aspects of comfort is thermal comfort, which is achieved by having a comfortable room temperature. ...
In the learning process in the classroom thermal comfort greatly affects the attitude and performance of students who are doing learning. However, in fact, when students are carrying out the learning process experience some obstacles that make them not feel comfortable in the classroom such as feeling the room temperature is too hot or the room temperature is too cold. Indonesian National Standard sets the air temperature for thermal comfort of the tropics which can be divided into (1) Cool comfort, between the effective temperature of 20.5 ° C - 22.8 ° C, (2) Optimal comfort, between the effective temperature of 22.8° C - 25.8 ° C, (3). Comfortably warm, between an effective temperature of 25.8°C - 27.1°C. While the relative air humidity that is comfortable for humans ranges from 30%60%. The purpose of the temperature and humidity monitoring system is to monitor temperature and humidity conditions that can be used to determine whether the room is in a comfortable condition or not. In this study, the reference used is the 2001 Indonesian National Standard on Procedures for Designing Ventilation and Air Conditioning Systems in Buildings.
p> This study aims to find out 1) how to anticipate the incorrect office layout at civil department of Karanganyar state court class II, 2) how to arrange the office equipment which does not place at ergonomically to the officers at Karanganyar state court class II. The research is a qualitative method using a case study approach. Data sources were informants, places, events, and documents. The research sampling was the snowball sampling. Data were collected using observation, interviews and analysis documents. The data were validated using technical triangulation and source triangulation. Data analysis techniques were interactive analysis models. The results of this study show that 1) to anticipate the incorrect office layout at civil department of Karanganyar state court class II is as follows, maximizing the use of existing space at the civil department as needed, designing a good office spatial planning, rearranging the office layout at the civil department by paying attention the workflow principle and the flexible arrangement of office layout. 2) to arrange the office equipment which does not place at ergonomically to the officers is the equipment placement next by the officer in order to minimize the waste of time and energy. The equipment is placed in accordance with the workflow which makes the officers easy to work, announcing and training for officers who cannot operate new machinery or equipment. </p
The State of Personnel Selection Research An Expanded Problem Space: Selection to Differentiate the Firm Directions for Future Research Conclusion Acknowledgments References
The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the background information regarding to the impact of personal control over the physical work environment on satisfaction with work environment and creativity at work. Today creativity has a significant and special place in business especially in innovative organizations which need creative people to generate new, and useful ideas for produce new products, services, work methods, systems etc. Moreover the design and appearance of workspace and individual ability to control the ambient conditions of the workplace have significant effect on their behavior, satisfaction and overall outcome including creativity. So the result of this study will contribute towards enhancing the understanding of the effect of office design to enhance employees’ creativity
Organizational ecology, or the relations between individuals and the physical aspects of their work environments, receives insufficient attention in modern organizational research. This article outlines the significant effects of physical settings in the modern workplace and presents a model that suggests how individuals make sense of their work surroundings. The author argues that physical settings can better support productivity and quality only if line managers and employees are given greater voice and control over design and operation of these settings.
This research examined the relationships between objective office characteristics (openness, office density, workspace density, accessibility, and office darkness) and several measures of employee reactions (satisfaction, behavior during discretionary periods, and spatial markers). In addition, the research examined the extent to which three sets of intervening variables explained these relationships. The intervening variables were interpersonal experiences (conflict, friendship opportunities, agent feedback), job experiences (task significance, autonomy, task identity), and environmental experiences (crowding, concentration, privacy). Data were collected from 114 clerical employees of 19 offices. Each of the office characteristics related significantly to one or more of the employee reaction measures. Moreover, office characteristics affected several employee reactions through their impact on the intervening variables.
The history of the person-situation controversy is reviewed. Although this controversy is not new, and most psychologists now see themselves as interactionists, they disagree about the kinds of person, situation, and interaction process units that should be emphasized. Two models, a social intelligence model and a goals model, for analyzing person-situation interaction and the question of person-environment congruence are considered.