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On the discovery of Taiwanassiminea bedaliensis in israel (mollusca, gastropoda, assimineidae).
Abstract
The S.E.-Asian amphibious gastropod Taiwanassiminea bedaliensis (Rensch, 1934), Fam. Assimineidae, is here recorded for the first time from Israel. It was discovered in a paludarium in Holon and in a nursery of aquatic plants in Hazorea.
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With the expanding global economy, increasing trade volume and international trade agreements facilitating commodity movements worldwide, the risks of "alien" introductions are increasing. Of over 4,900 molluscan interceptions from almost 100 countries by USDA APHIS PPQ over the last five years on commodities entering the United States, some 369 gastropod taxa, belonging to 197 genera in 71 families, have been identified. Although expected on agricultural and horticultural products, "hitch-hikers" also are found in and on shipping containers, household tiles, military hardware, aquarium supplies, and other items, as well as being deliberately introduced. Many of the mollusks belong to a lengthened list of traveller species, and the number of travelling species in each species is increasing inexorably despite efforts to slow their invasions. A listing of these travelling species is given, together with their distributions in the principal regions of the world with which the United States has commerce. This is drawn from a survey of the world malacological bibliography, which is provided. Most countries lack or have minimal quarantine restrictions, or where inspection agencies exist, they may be ineffective and/or underfunded. Local agriculture potentially will be negatively affected, native species adversely impacted, and the establishment of a non-indigenous species will create a reservoir for its further spread when that country exports its own products abroad. These invasive species may also be human and livestock disease vectors. As we lack specific ecological information for most of these taxa, there is an urgent need for the collection and pooling of any such data from concerned scientists and governments worldwide.
Assiminea affinis (Mousson ms) Böttger, 1887(=A. queenslandica [Pilsbry ms] Thiele, 1927), a previously unrecognised Australian assimineid species, is described anatomically and allocated to the genus Taiwanassiminea Kuroda and Habe, 1950, first described from Taiwan. This is the first record of the genus from Australia. Taiwanassiminea affinis is found in slightly brackish waters in the upper tidal reaches of the larger rivers from northern Queensland to the Shoalhaven River in the southern half of New South Wales. The terrestrial Cyclotropis Tapparone-Canefri, 1883, which has somewhat similar shell and radular characters, is redefined and several species (Assiminea bedaliensis Rensch, 1934; Paludinella javana Thiele, 1927; Assiminea lentula, A. riparia and A. sororcula, all Benthem Jutting, 1963) previously included in Cyclotropis are transferred to Taiwanassiminea.
An invasive operculate gastropod, the freshwater snail Tarebia granifera, is reported for the first time from Israel. In a survey of 52 freshwater sites populations of T. granifera were discovered at four sites, in abundance at two of them, one of which included individuals infected with the trematode Philophthalmus sp. In both sites T. granifera outnumbered its close native relative and potential competitor, the thiarid Melanoides tuberculata, in abundance and mean embryo counts, and in one of the habitats almost excluded it. This invasion may have important public health implications, due to T. granifera s role as an intermediate host of the human eye flukes. Furthermore, evidence of long-distance dispersal or multiple invasion sites may facilitate the host's and parasite's spread to other water bodies used for agriculture and fish ponds.
The horticultural industry is an important vector of alien snails and slugs. Surveys of nurseries in the Hawaiian Islands recorded 31 terrestrial snail/slug species, all but two of them alien and five previously unrecorded. Individual facilities had 1–17 species. In total, 38 non-native terrestrial snail/slug species have become established, originating globally. Numbers on each island do not reflect numbers of survey locations but rather the total numbers established on each island. Species richness and community composition in nurseries differed significantly among islands and among different-sized nurseries. Certain species were more common on Oahu (main port of entry to Hawaii) so most of these alien species may have been first introduced to Oahu and then spread to other islands. Some of them cause damage in nurseries. Some may cause shipments of nursery products to be rejected when they are inadvertently exported with them. When they are transported to and become established in new areas they may cause agricultural, horticultural and environmental problems. Greater awareness of these species is necessary in the nursery industry and among quarantine officials.
A further note on the conquest of Israel by the invasive tropical gastropod Thiara scabra
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More information concerning the invasion of the Sea of Galilee, Israel, by the tropical freshwater gastropod Thiara scabra (Gastropoda, Thiaridae)
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Additional localities of the freshwater snail Tarebia granifera from Israel with a note on the presence of another tropical invasive gastropod Thiara scabra
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Thiara scabra, a tropical snail, has invaded the Sea of Galilee
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