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Hier wonen en daar plegen? Sociale grenzen en locatiekeuze

Authors:
Christianne De Poot at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Christianne De Poot
Floor Luykx
Floor Luykx
Floor Luykx
  • This person is not on ResearchGate, or hasn't claimed this research yet.
Henk Elffers at Netherlands Institute for the Study of Crime and Law Enforcement
Henk Elffers
Chantal Epskamp-Dudink at National Police Netherlands
Chantal Epskamp-Dudink
  • National Police Netherlands
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DePootLuykxElffersDudink 2005 TvC Hier wonen daar pleg
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DePootLuykxElffersDudink 2005 TvC Hier wonen daar pleg
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... The novel vividly illustrates that people are most comfortable in environments that are similar to their own. Within their routine activity patterns, people tend to be most attracted to neighbourhoods that reflect a similar lifestyle to the one to which they are accustomed (De Poot et al., 2005). The most critical of these lifestyle factors include two salient aspects of population composition: ethnicity and affluence. ...
... The results of De Poot et al. (2005) suggest that the spatial behaviour of offenders is not only affected by physical distance but that it is also influenced by the perception of social barriers. Rengert (2004) points out that, with some exceptions (e.g. ...
... According to rational choice theory, the location choice of offenders is made in light of the costs involved in offending at particular locations. These costs are assessed in terms of the distance to the target location, familiarity with the surrounding area and, by extension, the risks incurred by offending in the potential target area (De Poot et al., 2005;Walsh, 1986). Traversing a social border will likely incur additional risks, since this will cause an offender to 'stand out'. ...
Do Social Barriers Affect Urban Crime Trips? The Effects of Ethnic and Economic Neighbourhood Compositions on the Flow of Crime in The Hague, The Netherlands
Article
Full-text available
  • Apr 2008
  • Built Environ
Using data on all cleared crimes in the city of The Hague, The Netherlands, in the period 19962004, we study the flow of crime between the ninety-four neighbourhoods of the city, i.e. the flows from the neighbourhoods where offenders live into the neighbourhoods where they commit their offences. The results show that in addition to physical distance, ethnic and economic differences between neighbourhoods (social barriers) also significantly limit the flow of crime between them.
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... In zowel het symbolisch interactionisme als in de rationelekeuzetheorie is de definitie van de situatie belangrijk: vanuit het symbolisch interactionisme omdat morele oordelen in de definiëring een rol spelen, in de rationelekeuzetheorie omdat daders een situatie geschikt ach ten wanneer de kosten lager zijn dan de baten. De kosten zijn hoger voor een potentiële dader wanneer hij of zij fysieke en/of sociale barrières ervaart op de locatie (Bottoms & Wiles, 2002;De Poot et al., 2005). Wanneer potentiële daders het gevoel hebben zich ergens 19 Want dat weten we in de criminologie nog niet voldoende. ...
... Het gaat namelijk om een inschatting van de wissel werking tussen fysieke kenmerken (soort bebouwing, straat, aan wezigheid winkels, schuilplaatsen) en wie zich daar begeven. Een goede aan wijzing is gevonden in het onderzoek van De Poot et al. (2005), waarin etnische en sociale barrières een belangrijke rol spelen in de keuze om zich als potentiële dader in een bepaalde wijk wel of niet te begeven. Het mechanisme waar over ik het heb, is complex. ...
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... In other cases, it might not be as straightforward as considering the impact of a river on the offender's spatial behaviors. It might be that social barriers (e.g., characteristics such as ethnic heterogeneity or socio-economic differences between areas) hinder an offender from moving into certain areas as he might not feel safe (i.e., he may feel he stands out; De Poot et al., 2005). So, in analyzing the crime series pattern before the creation of a geographical offender profile, the series should be analysed to consider the influence of the geographical and social layout of the environment in order to determine whether the crime series should be split up by the geographical clustering that occurs. ...
The Modus via of Sex Offenders and the Use of Geographical Offender Profiling in Sex Crime Cases
Chapter
  • Nov 2021
Solving sex crimes can be difficult. It is especially difficult to solve a sex offense case if there is no clear relationship between the victim and the offender. In those cases, one of the first questions that arises in the investigation is where to locate the offender. As many sex offenses that are committed by offenders with no clear link to the victim are outdoors, the geography of the crime might shed light on the case. Geographical offender profiling is an investigative method that can help police investigations to focus on areas where the offender most likely has an anchor point. A geographical offender profile is created by analyzing the geographical pattern of the crime(s) and the geographical behavior of the offender – the modus via – and his victim. This chapter provides an overview of the use of geography, and the geographical behavior of the victim and offender, to investigate sex offenses.
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... However, this does not explain why the distances traveled by the third group are shorter. Finally, visible differences in ethnicity can explain variations in mobility (Gabor and Gottheil, 1984, De Poot et al., 2005). Although Eastern Europeans have a different nationality to the country in which they are living, their ethnicity often does not visibly differ from Belgian offenders and therefore their mobility is less restricted than might be expected for foreign offenders. ...
Journey to crime of 'itinerant crime groups'
Article
Full-text available
  • Jun 2010
  • POLICING
Purpose Most researchers have found that property crimes have a local focus: offenders tend to operate in the vicinity of their residence. This has led the police to organise themselves to concentrate their resources in highly populated, urban areas. Over the last decade mobile property offenders have been found in various Western European countries that differ from this norm. These groups of mainly Eastern European multiple offenders engaging in property crime tend to travel further than other offenders. As such, their operations differ from most criminals, challenging the way the police are organised and undermining criminological theories on journey to crime. The aim of this paper is to look at the specificity of mobility patterns of these groups, to examine the precise interpretation of their mobility and to consider the implications. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses the Belgian police database containing all serious property crimes in Belgium for the period 2002‐2006. Some basic offender characteristics have been identified and for these offenders journey‐to‐crime patterns have been established. Findings Eastern European multiple offending groups tend to commit their crimes in rural areas. Although they start their journey in regions considered “crime importing”, they carry out their crimes in “crime exporting” areas. As such, they are atypical, challenging traditional theories on journey‐to‐crime and the way in which police forces are organised. Research limitations/implications Observing a special group is one thing, but explaining these differences is another. Further research is needed, in particular with regard to the motivational aspects for these offenders. Originality/value Whereas most researchers have found crime (including property crime) to be mainly local, the present research focuses on more mobile offenders. The challenges that these groups create for law enforcement authorities make it important for them and their patterns of activity to be understood.
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Burglary in a Segregated City: Race of Offenders and Community of Offending
Chapter
  • Jan 2015
Marcus Felson’s intellectual mind is much like a shotgun blast. The pellets are all aimed in a general direction, most of them are on target and a few are dead-on in hitting the bull’s eye. The most important of those that hit their mark are his development of Routine Activities Theory (Cohen&Felson, 1979) and his integration of this theory with that of the reasoning criminal (Clarke&Felson, 1993). Routine Activity Theory postulates that a crime will take place when a motivated offender encounters a suitable target in the absence of a capable guardian (Cohen&Felson, 1979). In this chapter, we focus on the second and third component of this theory, a suitable target and capable guardians. We examine the patterns of crime committed by residential burglars in Philadelphia, who differ by race. We are concerned with whether a suitable target and guardianship are the same or different depending on the race of the offender and the dominate race of the community within which the offence occurs (Reiss, 1981).
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The Relationship between Social Distance and Treatment Attrition for Juvenile Offenders
Article
Although recent work has begun to identify factors associated with risk of treatment attrition for juvenile offenders, few of these studies have considered how community context is related to the completion of juvenile offender treatment. The current work examines the relationship between social distance and treatment attrition for juvenile offenders. Analyzing a data set of 5,517 juvenile offenders adjudicated in Philadelphia, the results of cross-classified hierarchical models indicate that social distance, operationalized in two ways that consider perceptions of both the ethnic composition and level of disadvantage within neighborhoods, does not directly predict the likelihood of treatment attrition. However, when considered with the ethnicity of the juvenile offenders in the form of an interaction effect, social distance based on perceptions of ethnicity within neighborhoods is shown to predict the likelihood of treatment attrition, and to be more acute for young non-White offenders. The implications of these findings are discussed.
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Mobility and distance decay at the aggregated and individual level
Chapter
  • Jan 2010
Most crimes are committed near to where the offender lives; this has been observed both at the aggregate and at the offender level. At the aggregate level, as the distance increases there is a decline in the number of offences committed, and initially this decline is quite slow. This pattern has been described by a number of researchers, and results in a distance decay curve. Near-home offending has also been observed at the level of the individual offender, although it has been debated whether distance decay actually exists at the level of the individual offender. We therefore believe it is important to distinguish near-home offending from decay, i.e. the gradual decline in offences as distances increase. This paper studies mobility patterns and decay curves on serious property crimes in Belgium. First, aggregated patterns are discussed and categorised. Second, individual offenders are analysed. It becomes clear through studying offender patterns that offender mobility and decay are not intertwined at the individual level to the same extent as they are at the aggregate level. This suggests that it is important, particularly when studying individual offenders, to clarify whether (average) distances or decay are being considered.
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