Content uploaded by Martin Ebner
Author content
All content in this area was uploaded by Martin Ebner on Jul 02, 2015
Content may be subject to copyright.
Vorwort zur Version 1.1
!!"
!" " # $
# %!!&"'("" #
)!! "*
+ ! %! !& "" '(
, - ./-
01!01 )* ' 2-$
3 )* 4* - ") )%
* 5 !& " 2 6
- !"!'("
-7! -$
5 5 "
'28" $!0!-9-':;1
! 5 " !
!
$! !-5-
""%$& $'(5""<+-+
+-,-=6=<> "+-?!
"@-A,9$@)6,7A
6,B2,
:'C5" '!!
# %!$,9@DEFGA
-H!!9! )6,7@)+A
'2%*8"@A
)=8"7!FF%! DEIDEFG
+6)>JKL:K:LIFGEM: )-*
" 2=>" $-<+6?
@;9%;! !A"""7N
?)*+ ;9%;! !"";;)O:E
%$&)N !2<
N<==9%! !!==P=:E=
)N@ !Q"A7$&"?"
'(" @0N9!1A<
;;)O$@)6,7A,9@'28"AR:'N<==:S-!DEFM
2""<N<==9%! !!==P=:E=
DR:'C5 '!!
Inhaltsverzeichnis
BF<M
)&051@5-AM
'!@5-AM
5@5-AG
BD<+55 I
5!@5-AI
@5A'!@5-AK
P! 5@5-AFE
,!@5-AFE
2"B5@5-! AFD
B:<!"* ! FG
+' 0 '!!1@$T>DEF:AFG
!"* ! !!"@$TDEF:ADJ
9!+,P9@$TDEF:A:L
99-@5-AM:
+-9%99-@5-AMG
, 999-@5-AMI
99Q-"@5-AML
(!9%99-@5-AGD
49%!"!@5-AGD
BM<!!GM
B 9-GM
7'(<S9!@5-!!-AGM
#/)GG
B$# @= DEFMAGI
8! "-! -GK
%@H TDEF:AGJ
BG<+,-KF
+7!@5-AKF
-")'(@5-!!-AK:
( 8!KM
9#96@5-!!-AKM
9"966@= DEFMAKG
#%"@:'AKI
5/55-"9U@# DEEJAKK
'P!Q=! 9@5-!!-AKL
2 '(%!<>"%!! %!@T;!A@+DEFMAKL
7, .-LF
:'C5 '!!R:
Part 1: Einführung in das wissenschaftliche Arbeiten
Begriff „Wissenschaft“ (Wikipedia)
5-2<N<==-!=-=5FGJFM
"";;)O""
@2"""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=A
5@5&A%!5!@-
A 5 ! 99!
! ! 8 ! !5!
! - ! P 9 +!- 9! 7$&
! %!58
!7 N.-5!@ !
-!A
Teilgebiete der Forschung (Wikipedia)
5-2<N<==-!=-=!FGJFM
"";;)O""
@2"""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=A
! <
•8!-S?-7 8-
! -9!" * " -* % !
8!") -9!%!S )!!
! 5- %! !& ; BP- 8
8! " ) B*! ) " ' - ! !
% 8" *3- 7 + !
P 9 *3 %! ! 6
+ " ! "
!!9! ,(B-8 7 @,B8A ! 69 !"
8 + !" @8A 6 W
W - 5 @W5A 8!
8! - +
7! 6 8!
!-
•'9! ! " 8!
N " ! !
- X -!- " != " -
! - >" YFZ " "*
"8
• ! @ #-!A ! ("! !
B! $ %! >" Q !!
! 5 + 69
!8 N 6 * - *
Q"" )'>S>!69!
'!!P @6'A W 6 ! " 7
"! + ! -
- "
MR:'C5 '!!
5*8!%! - 9#
*8" *3-"%!(
% N " [ ! - 6
%! !Q9 +8!
$ -9!% ! * -9 7
-
•YFZ+Q9!%!'9!5@, !%! JS-!DEF: 6%A
Wissenschaftliche Arbeit (Wikipedia)
5-2<N<==-!==(U9\5V:FEFM
"";;)O""@:FEFMA
@2"""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=A
P 9'( ! 5
!*!5
! ! % !
%!+!-! +!-! ! !% + ?!
-",- 7!H!" ; !B "
!
5 " & 5
%! !
-$
+,!-*"?*-*,
!65"!9
!9 ' ) %!-!
@< A %! ! N 2
!- 9 6 9
*-?-""
"! 99- ! ! @P9A #
! H! 9! !-$" ) 4!
%! 4P!-")"* P%!!
! !-9
6 !
* ! *3
!+! ,)!!,
%! )%!!
YFZ
( ! ,3!*9))
( -9-!!
988YDZ58$4Q-
9! +9! 9! +9!
! ! -!N
+)! ]*Q%!)
%! " ^ _Q"
!)<'N]7!!]6%
:'C5 '!!RG
"]-"%"]'!.%"]'(N@B!
)&" ! -2 !
82N@A# !"!-A]]
%"]$-*
5 5 !@!
A!9-"
5-!5-
•YFZ[<)))%! )!,+! 6<5
5 :G[DEEIDLJ/DJG
•YDZSN!-<+( ^5!"2')DIGK8$`DEEG
6)>:LDGDDIGK:FK:
Part 2: Das Wesen der Wissenschaft
Wissenschaftstheorie (Wikipedia)
5-2<N<==-!=-=5!FGJFM
"";;)O""
@2"""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=A
+5!@! @!9A5!!5!5
!-A'B!! 7!",!#
%!5! -*
H5!<
•5;-9--U@")-*7!%!
( A
•5"-@,!!!AU
•8!NU
•5-!9'!%!
!9*U65! %!5Q!
- 9-!"U
•5a*9-!-
-5U
•5!7*5/-U
+)* !9B! %! !-
-H,!&*9-
"- @!A 5 2 " '! 5! Q
B!! )! b +8!c5 "[ )9 !
d ++!6 H [! 8!N 8! 5 *
))!"! 5 2%! P
-%5! -!,
!!!%
"%!2"5"+
"! ")W-!! !"!!BP!! /%!/
*)&P % 8"*-
%! " !9 "!""
IR:'C5 '!!
(Wissenschaftliche) Theorie (Wikipedia)
5-2<N<==-!=-='!FGKFM
"";;)O""@2"""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=A
'! P %! "N *" "
"-*B!!#-"
+5!'!@efghfij!k!YZl]efghmn!ok
. )lk )! 5
$ ! H!lA " ) 5
+-*%! + )& 9
8%!B(@phqrstk7lk7!lA"
[!9 -)&'!%-*6
'!)@,!A*6""Q
N*'!*@-9%A-*
@-A'*87!!&7
!98&*" '!
* & ' !! +" ,P-
-!-9
>!9%9 7*'! %-)!@"
) N ( ! )! !A " -$ @ A + )!
-5!'!%Q"@*9A!
Q"'!
6!-"'! -9%!! 8*
! ! 9! +Q9! '!&< , ' %!
3 '! ' ?"'
!"'$-< -$"
!
7B! " " [" -! " )& %!
'! %! )! - + +-!&
! B*" )&)*9*" B! 6
-9!H*5-
"Q-9- '!"
>"$" )'!!!+Q9!'! B
9 5 $!9 $*" 0
-9%1!B"'!5!
)!"*9!/!-
- / ' 5 -$
B! ! ! @! !-A "! +
5 '! ! '! " ! "
$8)-! $32
)! P 9 " > '! !
! *9P!
>-B!!%!'!
! '!8B(
:'C5 '!!RK
> -99! ! '! -!
9%!" '! 3-9%" -!
5 * P! '!
'!- !
-9'!B(8*"
, !!9,! 7!!-
8 9-@-!A!X7!"
%)&
F ("3 -)
D %- S9! B*! %-
YFZS'! 501 69
*9'!!-9>"@B-
9-*A$9-! "
'!!
•%* **'!!!
-* 3]
•-*"!")-9%]
•B!! $B(& Q"]
•(%8!!""]
•!55"
!YDZ
59!'!" ),$-(! '!
"-$!0--1'!< 6 $ '!=
"*%(! "!3="*(! 9'!3@
9!A%!*?""!>9!
'!
5!9 ! $ %! '! "
<
•8 <+8-*
!H"+-$ P@
"("!%!8!N8$N8A
-! !!!! @-
>A!!!@,A!
-!9 9 7!@
?85"5!A
+8 8 9-
-H B !-!C)&
0!! 1
•8&<+0)1'!@-$!9'
P-8$39*A
•'!-<+-*+-*
P!*Q5+!
!!*-! +-$!!9 '
'!
•
LR:'C5 '!!
•,-!"<P! 6-! @!9!A
"")- !
• )<)!'!*9!!
6B('! $ 3]
*%! -?'*9
)-*-$< '!
)7!-*%)
.*Q'!!
-
B!!9 %! 5 !
*3 7! "- @" )
!9>!!"B!9-A
!32"55'!-
. ! !
% ,! P! X " ! "
"+'! !@A!-P!6-!
)
!
•BP-<+7!-,-"9%*!
S?-
8--6 - 2
-,-8""9%*!
8--+
-,- '!
•8! <#?8 B-8
BB-+ %
(! 8! "!+ "-!8!
B",!N
B"8! (! *(! @
-8! A
•, 9-<+, 9-8!;!N%! +Q9!
)&,%!+9'!-"
@;!9! A! 9-
! ,", 9-%!
'!# !-,@5
A
•6!"!!/!" /H!"'!
N-
•'!-! 7" )B!
")B!9!%! -$
"
•YFZ[!<BP!!B$-7MaDEEK
•YDZ5!N<BP!!,![%FJJ:
:'C5 '!!RJ
Hypothesen in den empirischen Wissenschaften (Wikipedia)
5-2<N<==-! =-=P!FGKFM
"";;)O""@2"""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=A
N
6 5P!
-9%! !! ,! + !+ P!
% ! P! *!
9 6.9 P!*9"
'! P! B* 7!
*P!- )!" @
Q"-A
2" 7! *Q+ 2
P! -* ! - ' ! B*
8"+ 8""%!)!
*9-$@6-9!A-$!9!
*
5P! %!*Q ! $8 !
"'!" %!P!
H$ P!-*--*P
!%!%P!"
"") , PQ
# !!P!!9%
-!! @7 B!<5 P! Mau! !7
FGDFGMA
Modelle (Wikipedia)
5-2<N<==-!=-=,!FGKFM
"";;)O""@2"""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=A
N
,!*-5--+-*!!9
>!- ,- -"<YFZ
•/,!,!%!* *9!
!-S,!-
•7-"/,! NS!
? ,!&",!"%
•B 9 /,! S 9 "!
"-9!A9 ?-@5UAA 9 #9%
@5UA A *- 9 - ! * S9!
@5!"UA
# ,- -9(!+!9!YDZ!7*
Y:Z
FER:'C5 '!!
# $
+5!,! 6 !!%! !
,3- FL[H&
%2 FLEE%*,! +*-%! !@,3@AA
5!,!@,! ")H! A! 7 !
+-!
%
+,! ,!%!* "-!
( "+9 % !
a-!9Q""B!"
,- 9,!)-,!
- P - ?! !Q" "
,%! 5!(,!) 9,!-
P -*7"6-9!P ! !
+ ! " '%/ %!
)-!(,!# ,! 'P -
>5-6-9!"'-! !
%!"/ %! 8P!(,!+,! *Q%!
H!>". P 5"
&%
),!!B!"&"<
•"<>-9%S?-
•-9!<5%!S?-
•+-! !9!<#a$"
•9!<7%! " 8"
•-9!<)&"H
'!(%
#,!"H! (*,!*
*Q',! *""'*-
,!-!(9 !9 YMZ+ #- ,!9
5-,!H! (*%YGZ6 8",!
,- 37*- *"-
%# $
6 ,!!! 5! " ,! " -*
%!-%! S?- ! P!9
@P!A -" ' %! '! 7!
-*,!*Q- ! 3*)""5--
@"!A + ! ! -*- @! ! !
A5--"@!A" )B !!
'!! -!Q-9%,!2!,!
@-9%A!!,!%@*-9%A
+ ,!-! -!"!3)"29
)#-"",! 28*B!"
5-- X'!9
--9!!"-! (%"%@A"
"*"
:'C5 '!!RFF
-9%,!,N"9 -5--6 B!"
-9! ,! 6" H!-9!
)" # * "- 9 -
9 " " (9 S?-
,N!9! 9P"-$
)< 8 ! " H$ ,- %!-! ,- @
S?-A
+-!9!,$- ^9 #*- %!,!
5" ^9#*--9!*9B(
3-9> ,!'!S?-
-9%-
! +-!5! !,!*
9!*@ A!! !9H!-9!@H!
-9% A
"
•YFZ ,!!FJK:F:F/F::
•YDZ' @DEFEA<'!'!P!;!,![!!2%;! %!FI!DE:FDE
•Y:Z++$<'!+/!,!!79!6<-
@A<+'HP!B!+%! 7)FJJL:/FF
•YMZ4*!9@B++]N<==!- =%!IA
•YGZH! (*4*@B++]N<==! 9-
!=v!=,!7!H! (24-!7!B!-9%6+!6
A
Untersuchungen zu Plagiaten und Wissenschaftsbetrug (Wikia.com)
5B(5-@DEFMA2"B52<
N<==(-! =-=2V"VBVV5
DJJDEFM"";;)O""@2"""<N<==9%! !!==P
=:E=!AN
6 )!%! 2-+!"
%!2 %!5 " "
"2%!
)*%+,# $" $,-.,/0012/030
+!,; ! DE[ % 2
H6"DEEEEE;!GEEEE!!
!DEEEE-*
82)%!!
>B 7%!-"N!
%! >@6 - )P ' ,9;!!
!!A
6 +NMEw 2;BB !
"
>,; "$+?
$ "8!! -9
%*N) - 2"!
!B "! ! 6 ! (
%!5Q,
FDR:'C5 '!!
45 6&7&,+,&!
548'9,)',/001:7
6%!DEEDDEEMG:EEGM699!2H
! %[ !N+ ID: %! :D5
!8F:%)B
+ 5 %! ) H! !
H!_" -""
+ * GIw,))MKw>,)6B
::w,)"?!DDw,8
!)_!,)+ x !*5!"H!
-" ?B%!7" %5
)"-H"<+%" )
;;9,;,.</001
6,yB-* ! 9!;!'!y
N!!% B *9 B
%! 7! " 6 ! < 5 %
BU5 !BU5,
BU
8 G:E 2%* " 5 DEEG=DEEI
^!"!! N :KG$
FDBa%%+ -_! IJEKw@DGJ*A6 P
"!DDI*FJ* !%!*
B
•JEw-","
•DEw
•FEw" 7
B
•DEw-!-B9"
•GIwN@!-
A
•FIwB!
-*
8 *. %! 6$
"" B"
>" ! 9% -9! @%! 8A )
- B $ >"
* P%! ! B
9 *B
H!_""!
•7 N*-9-
•2-!(") @!!!;!2A
•,H!! "!
•6%)9
:'C5 '!!RF:
; '!,'" $,.%=/001
; !
DEEI H! -9! H!! , yB
,--<+B%!6N(yDEEH! !
2%* , H! -9! B!9- !
!"!!8+!"2"!)
* ! DEEG - 6 H %
' %!?"8 #"*
) +!" ! * ! DEEG
&*!+-_!
$LIw+!"MEw
!%!6, 6aB+
B%+ NIEw)
!-"B 6 -! DEw *'(,D=:
)---!-!!
*NF=M)- B! ( %KEwGG+!
"N B"+ %!N
*-+!" B "FEFGDEDG
:EE
+-!*Q 6-
KEw# ,!9%%-MEw
)_ -%! y;!PTBy@,! $AFFw
H%! #98+-""%!B%! -!-
) 6 * , B !
S?!
HGGw+!"B! -DGw
- % + *"% * !
:=M+!" ,3 B%6"%""%
F=G+!"*B! *":Ew,
FMR:'C5 '!!
Part 3: Forschungszugänge und -methoden im Feld
Das Themenfeld „Lernen und Lehren mit Technologien“ (Ebner, Schön & Nagler, 2013)
,9$5>@DEF:A+' 1
'!!z6<,9T$@A '!!@:'A
2<N<==:=! ==!!-DEF:=-=!==FEJ= =%$&
"";;)O@2"""<N<==9%! !!==P=:E==A
-<+7 @{A"H:'"*
%N<==:
><
+) 9 ' '!!
5 %U " )& !!"
@k!!PlA! ,-*
*!8& )!
!!5' !!!"
"*9#*%!+" #!
*6"H!!'
!9+!H"%+-!!
8& + $ * #*
,*9-$
7))
- !!"
*< +" S@6TH DEELA
" @!T5DEED -]HDEFFA
) - B(" " ) 06!%9% P 1 @H T
DEELA N7$& )-)
'" )0;;H! 1@-DEEMA" N0;;H!
DE1@- DEFDA 5- -
'!!
+0 '!!1 2 '
( " > * ' ! 5-
! 8! ! 0'!!1 ! 05
"'-1%! '-!8*%! -!
@ * A 8* N 5 N * "!
9%!0'-1" 6 ' ?!
)"0'!!1"<+! H!
-9!--2"0'-10'!!169!
+-! %! 0!!1 +
%! / -!- / '- ! %!
'!!
!"#$ % &
'( )) '(!*
+ '!! " -
* % " Q '!! !!
@+!DEELA2!!! * 8* %
"2""@;DEEIA+""*
:'C5 '!!RFG
<
•B*9!!!'!?-!!+!?-!
•H! -9!!!'!!(*
•;! !!B!;! !
•6N!!,5!55!
•!!! 6+ @!_P 69Q9!A >; @> ;! 9!A
!8B@8!B!9!P A,!!
'!! !" !
%! -!@" A8*%
!3 -8*
6! 9!H! -9!!!
6? <
5 )& 0!!" 1 01 ! 0
,1U *3 " )& ' % "
!- " ""[ H! 7
)&'!! "
@ =)A"*@ 2 )A
+ )& 0'!!P 1 " 0!!" 1
@!0!!"1A)&?'!!
-9%*"6 !
9!'!!" "-! -%! !!"!!!"
!@+!DEELA+! 2
"!- H- " H-
2""
?@2)A
+)&01 +*Q+01
0,1 -" 5! 0!1 ! 0-!1 5 !=
B-9-= ) !!" %! *
*Q!01+?!%+)
&*Q % ;! >"-@!6
A" "-! '!!)
+, Q )&01% %!;!
"B! " 5!"+
;! ! @0! 1;)'A-6-9!
! ,H! " ;! "-27
@B>' FJIJA 6 @FJJEA 5! 5
5@FJLJA#" ! ! ! 6-9!
>">" $$<5*"*
7!--9%!
% !% 5(H! -9!
' '
! )& %! %! -!
'!7!!?-!!6%]-
!)&!!"@HDEEFA
FIR:'C5 '!!
*Q )&01 %* 9!
;! 65%!01!*-
7**Q9!% 6
! %"8*,!!
)%
3 $ # !N)&]
0,10, 1 0,N1!
0,N1 5 ! ,*!- ! ,! 9- ,
H*!P +!6! 9!@"!" *+
A ! % N ) , ,
!! ! 9!B # )+,
9! +,((! @ H { !-A 5 %!
01 , " 6 5!!)"
! ,, # "
!9B!9!,88,
@H{ !A
,! 9-,, *-@,-
DEEJA<" ) NB;!2)9-
,"
-!.(/($ 0, )) '(
(1"((23(4 (.
-52
B ?
5%?'!!7%!)&0
1F"%+7*)&?!
#*"!'!!*-)&!
!" ) ,!!!
8*@0 !1] ]H{ !A! 6&)
""@H{A
)&!!">"*'!!
7 )!!" "
!;;! "-!!9%@0! !!!9%
1A+ -*! *0;;H! 1
SNU
:'C5 '!!RFK
))
5 3%!"010
1U5B-9%%U
8:)7<
-*'!" %! BP!!-
7* 7BP!!
B!""9%7* 7! 7!"
X%!*! "-"@# !
T 8FJJI DEIA5 ! 7 ! 7 7
7*-!@T#-DEEM:GDA<7*-
7"!,
01 " )5 $H%
) !!"?! 01!
7* ! -!- 7 5 7
H! "!" $"-@9DEEGFMA7
4(( !!"9!<5!
! ! U 6
)! * ! -!-")" !
0_Q-9!1H! "@'T DEEGA
!!"-9%*%!" 7
7@5H! "A9
6 " "[ *Q ! 0 $ )1 % "
%! !0! 1! 99!!
)099!!1%@-DEEGA
?! +Q9! 2
FLR:'C5 '!!
@+! DEEFA 6 3 , ! H! !
!*8 @DEEEA*-!2*<0!
10!! 10! 1@JA> 7*0
! 10)*10!!
1%! @A%
"&+-! !!" !
()@0!1A+%
!,!9%9! " @ FJJIA+-
0!1! %!!0H! !1 2>;S
% )0 ! 1@ FJKDA % ! @H DEEFF:EA
H! ! !* 8 ' +-! !
, ! [DEEE",
!"9 !@!*H! !DEEEJA
9 !! @0!! 1A
8:) 7.
)? " %! 2
)"!
))!!3#
!;!'='!=+!"= )="
52 8-!!2'9!-!
-!|"!;! FK[)&
k+-9-l""k,9-l%@;! FJL:A+
-9-Hx!9)-!-*!5
0U1-""0,!-1@HxFJJFA
5 ()%!'"!
!-9 *Q@"A!-
*!BP!!@H{!A!9
.,k8"l B$--
B$-"!2
'!! 2-,!-+-9-),!k!
l-!!*"" 'H +!?-!!
! 2%!," 69!%!'!! !
" -$'!! k *"l !
8 " $- 9 -9
! .! ) $& *
&"!)9 2 !
! # < +"9 '(
-$ 5 B- $
;
-=
>!%!["'!!2 N B*
" " ! , ! k+( )l
k l-"!6 +3
"@5FJIGJLA<0 ! !"
. 5!%!*,"-9
:'C5 '!!RFJ
8 %! "N "Y}Z! 7
7!* $ " . %! '%!*
3" !16"[";! 6N!!
%H! -9!! %!%!
" $-
,- H! -9! H!!9!
+$& %! !
5
$$,(3 ( ) "*)
"* $8 9++(+ '( ("&
*
C2),)%CC+
"! "%! '!! 26
6&)" ) 6"7
H! -9!@! ;!">"-}A-9!, '!'
!+""! ;! ! 0
*1!!! %
6 7 " B*"% $ S 3
" " " 9 # " 8"9
! 7" B*"%;-!9!
!3,!9%9!",
5!55" $ '&!"!"
Q"*<S7 ' "5" ),N
==c! 2"
6B(SB B*" *Q -! "
,%! 0)(1@+0 1A)"
,!9%"+B*"*"SB
,$-%! ""
""SB
]'82 *
S2" !B*""
*DEFF+-! S)& - -
%<,SS;-",%SS;!,SS;"!
S" - !3"S
#"+)&+%;! "-DEEL
SH8! +!@,PDEFEA5*7
- H!-9% @H{!A! 2%
*!DEFFSH ? FEEEEE ' *)
%!,SS;,!<Bc! "7
6@%!7!A 3. % 6-9!
"+" 5"%!
,SS; ,SS; @!9%,SS;A (,SS; @(! ,SS;A @5-
DEF:A@H{P {{!&A
DER:'C5 '!!
> % <72!
6 ) :;,"+'("
6&; '!! ! 5-" P
B*""" ) 6
! !*Q P "@H
{P {!P {{!A ! *" , " )
B*9! ! +-!! Q !
$ P "*
7*99! '!! - ! )"
"5%)"Q !
" , "- ) 8
#! "+! &'<+(
'!!<
•5D9!0!!1B*"
)%, $
•B*"-"%!'!!@")<
7S%B!?-!{A)!H
H-
•6!B*" P
-!9!'!!"6 )
)B*"%! )$ "
HN!+!
•5BS B*"@0)1A*
-3% 5@B*"A
8 @SBA
•2 !B*"!!-5
%!S 8 3
D<)'P!!
:'C5 '!!RDF
5 83 "%!'!!"H! 9! $
+",$-!59-"]
-"
- 01!01! '!!"5%!
SB*"+ -
"
7@2)/*0A
! -! !"%
)&05DE1+5DE7!--
aa
#/*0
+)&05DE1!!N+" ,)P "-
+" DEE:20!DEFE/'!6'1 ;6S
,"%!H! W&- % @H! DEE:A , 5DEH!"
DEEM!%%!' SdP@ ++!PA
)& 9! + DEEG 9- %! SdP @DEEGA
Q 5DE k '!!l!
@k`lA, 6 6"=
!395!-$! !Q"!"H
%!"*"B! $9*#)5!55-
! ',H " @ H {P(
{A+5-%!6N!!)"!
a* %"<,!
!Q!'! -$ Bc! 6"7
] -!==!">"-
+-!6N!!@H{A+N
05DE1+Q9!@SdPDEEGA + -* 7
5 DE " - "
,$- $3 !- 6-9!
@H! -9!'A)"*%!"B!
Bc!
+56-! " 5%! -! "6!
" 5 ? ? @9%A -
0, 51"87 B!" 8
)"5DEk!"lk%!9!l@+!
DEEGA , %! -!-9%6" @SCP DEEGA %! 5
7@!-DEEGA%!kH l@HDEEKA+'6,,"&
-"9 [DEEI0O!/621"B![-
@8! DEEIA
FJLJ* ' )7!-5!55@{A%!
6 -$ @)FJLJA] k5
DEl' - *!
'!"01;-5DE'P%!
5DE5-"%!<
DDR:'C5 '!!
•3!;!, P @;,A56%!
)")" @-!!9%A"9
-$H"5-7!-!!
--!"5-!5-! "@H{-!!9!A
•3(5 ! *3*
!!! !9+! 9-5!@
0 1A-$-! 9[9-
-@ -A5%-X,!!
P -"> ( FME#"%!'N
"[B!*!@H{!A
•;67-*%!!7!@ ,9 A
'!!!3! 9*
;! !,!!!-$@H
{A
•"7"!6c! 7">"
>" )-H! -9!"!
" )0)-%!)-1 -$#!*!"
>"-$ ""!!-'N8!!~!u
-6
•+= 3 7$&,9 + 5!
55)-Bc! 7!O!'! !!-! B*
9!! - - $+!!
%!-!!9%)" 6
+"!"!"@H{-!!
9!{A
> !((33*$+)"$&
?(.( $(0"($' &
! +@.A ! ,$#""*3
.$23 .2(
"7"! " +/!23 " &
.."2
2)/*0
+- 5DE+-!
!!"^<DEEG!+! ," )&0
DE1@+!DEEGA 5-"5
DE ! %* 5 )& 5 DE DE !"
--9%-!!9%2 , ""-
!
Q+!@DEEGA 3*-"*
c! N%!%!2 !
;!+-!! 6-9-$) DE-9%
>"%!65-5!B!!">"-,c!
" 8 ! 5-!
%!6 5-P @H{-!!9!A
0 DE1 " 3 " %! 5DE'!!
!" % !B!" -
< 6 S8 !" >"- !!- Q
:'C5 '!!RD:
6 5 B!! 7
! >" " 7 Q
0"1* N!$&+-$@ A$3
!9! ! %!
(=="" / -"
@HDEEI]DEEK])THDEEKA
5 %9 5 DE " )& DE " '
-+! ) !3 " %!
'!!
+ )& 0 DE1 *- 7 5-" !
05DE1! %*) $--9
!,$--@A
! <
+!!" ? "*! "
!"5 $-
*-!!
!
+ 5 %!" +" -a *!P!!
!6! 9-
+"(% +,((;<()!
%!-9%*B*!P!!!&-
-98!7!"2=!
)* '!! , - "
)!!"! # @HDEEFA5*
BP!!'!" P!! 2
( % @! A B*!- -!-
>"82( !%
)!9$!- ( ;,((!
)!!"&+!
)&0)1!9+-!
-"<0)1809!1
+)&)9!" !!"
"@" ) DEEJA + -9 "!
B*!- !" kl $-!! )
S9 # !!"!"$ @*-
DEFEA<05%!!<>
@!%! A1@) FJJKFGDA
+ .$ !!#,! 9--P )
) - !! -
#%*- B" ! P ,3 +
,! 9-'6! 9-FJJE[
"* + %! '( ) ! ! 7!! ) ,9
"@DEEKFA $ !0 ->"
-9%P ,1
0 P H!"9! ) 7 N " 9
DMR:'C5 '!!
;! P , H!(
%! ) ! " H! ! B!" " $1 "
+ ;! ! P !%
*-! H! -9!6! 9! $-,- @DEEJA
,! 9- , * " %!
,"-!"-! <,'-
8
+ ?! %! @- 'A *
!<
•+,,6-9!@0 ;! 69!2P
-";6T2]H{PAN6! 9-"
BP!![ @,PFJJL]
!"DEEE]!"DEEGA)""+-P
-!!"9! S
!B! B! 6+!
)!a*@THDEEEA+;! *!
QSa* 9!@ FJJKA
-+"
•+,*!-N%! x! 6'!!%!
, # !-6)*
,"@H{ !-A
•')B!-
5 2 )N
!!" @,DEEM]H{ A
•3" :' " $-
%! '!! - *- * + "
-9-'!!"
/)@ B /( 8( C&
(8) ' &)(
D!>
S!)!!""*
+"*Q" ! -9
B H@DEEFA)6'6- !!!
P ]!6-%!"
B*!- *Q5%! - B!
" 6!%9! " " 2 - %! 6! 9-
"**)-!9!P!!.@H{A
! %9,!
! 0-1 -N
+)# ?-9%5
! ! + "* # " % ?!
! 2" Q + - H!! * "
*!699!" '
" # 97*"-%
-< 6 +" -!- #
!0;! 18*@ 0610S1AH!9!
7!%! 8*a@H{-!9!A
:'C5 '!!RDG
' 2)
6 " [" " H!! !!"
!< !"
*!6-!H!!#%!
B! + )" ' ("
69,)!!2%* !+
6-9%,)!!+!2%*H %
! 69 ! ! %
!-9% '!! *] (
'F %! !
'!!*])"!Q'D
57")2) E
S*"9!-""'!!a
" DE " -# %!
*]!3B!9!,!9%9!!,-! " ^*
9 7*"%!" ! !
2% 9-*"! H!
!9!" 8$&- + 8 +N %! ?
," %!!@" )
A%!-"@]H{A
@%A*H!!
"7*5%!,$
-(99%*
DD+%2D<=D<+!% .6
-H:E,,
N<== "
D%2!<=D% ,2.'
B) FG,=
N<==!== =
! && & ,)"2%(2.%=
-:E,,
N<==P =&
2F
!-!!9% ' H!!9!%!I69
N<== ==9!
D%GD<=% ,.5
:E,,
N<==
))G) <=%#
,H:E,,
N<== -9-
'F<*2%*9!2%*
- ' 4<! [DEFF
!H!_"-95DE D(#!"
>" >" 6+
DIR:'C5 '!!
2 !7,!Q"%!@A,
*-699% B!?- $ ( "
+"">"7*5%$&!
2!2 $@H{!A
+" ,$-!3!!
, -! " , ! 0+ ) ((1
,$- & 0 61 ) ""
5 ! & " -$ @ 0!
%! 1 H{P A
6!- " '(,N-+-$6
#- %*-%!+ 6! 9!!
"%,$-+""#
-! -( )(D<@{PA
) !"!%"
' ' 8F!:
;';@>A
+0;!'!!1 ! *
%*S2%>!-"!
!LE,=@N<==!A
H,@2HA
+0H!, 691 !9%*
S 2%P 2H ! - " 5 KE ,=
@N<==- !-A
;6@;A
+0;!6!%9!1$"2%*8-
!"!%9! %!!2 "FD,=
@N<==A
65,=H,;
@+A
+069 5 1 3%* ! " '
! " *" LE ,=
@N<== - A
H!;
@'A
+0H!;1"$H! "" 5
5!! * B-9% %
! 9 ! ! " , M G , = •
@N<==-!"A
6 + 069 !1 !9
!"FE,=@N<===A
+0;! ;1! + !" - 6
"" !!"DG,=@N<==xA
'D<*!*99!! )
'!!4<)! "-
[DEFF
+*9% E,.!"-"-%! 8
*%!!%! 3@H{!%9!A-
" ,- * '!! 0 ;! 91 @ H {A
! * ") + %! 8!!! N
"X@#T[DEEGA&%,
% ) ?" " H 9- ! *
!5@H{"
:'C5 '!!RDK
9!A081 "%'!!%"
>" ! ) @0%% ! 91 5
FJJFA/
+9 # ! *9
6 $- ,-! "B!
6!7!""-
)
•!B]H]'!T# 8@DEFFA/ ,)<
)
•) @FJJKA-!-)<[H-
•)'@FJLJA6! 9!, <B!!;>2<N<==:!=!P=FJLJ=!!
YFEFDEFFZ
•)'TH,@DEEKADE "/0+!1/7! >"" 5-)!;2<
N<==D= =)HVDE "YDKFDEFFZ
•;']![]]H-],])!']BN!;];%-P[]B]>!;]!!P]
)&>] ,]+!B]!!;],,T!2@DEEIAS!!!!P
<!!P!!!!9!6<B9'!!PF@FA:
DJ
•;! [! !@FJL:A8!3+-9-."%!NL
a
•+! 8@DEEFA+! +9!3%*8!
)!<) )!
•+!@DEEGADE6<,"2<N<== != U
9!\9T9\DJFYDEFFEFDKZ
•+!6@DEELA'!!P<'!!P6<B 9T;!9!FI@DADFGDD:
•,@DEEKADE\FE~5DEU6<'!69!;!!%PP
PDEEK6FD:GFD:J
•,]H- ,T!"@DEELA29"5-P 9!<!%
U6<2%6! 9!!PDEEL)=<
•!*H! !@DEEEA, ! 2<
N<==!=9!=!=== !YFDFDDEFEZ
•9B@DEEGA5*6<B9T,)P@A**7 N
) <77KDG
•]]H!]!]B!%-7] ,T; !5@FJKDA!)
B<2>;S
•-6]8!HT,8@DEEGA6! 7"+!- 9!-
%!%!)<)
•>@DEEJA'-!9!,!B9>O!-<
•8! @DEEIA' CB!!O<O!6<'6,,"DEEI
•-[]8T5,@DEEMA;;H! <" ! "
-!!9%,<S
•-[]8T5,@DEFDA;;H! DE<" ! "
-!!9%,<S
•>TH@DEEEA+5+9!;!6<6! 9!T!P:@MAGGK
GKJ
•",@DEEKA,! 9-,<S!
•!T5H@DEEDAH$<+5
•!"@DEEEA),9 ):<+-8 9
6! 9!P 5"<7!2<N<== 9 YFLFEDEFEZ
•!"@DEEGA ! ;! 69!@;6A!6<',N @A6!%9%
;!!'6! 95<;27FGKFGJ
•*-'@DEFEA>!(!-!!9%!"9 UB!^!!
"@A9 6<')!HH*",H-)H!T>!
@A9 ;!! , !B(B-9%)<
H-IGLD
•6[TH B@DEELAS,<S!
•H@DEEKA';! <!'!PC66HS;>O!-<+!P=;P
•H,@DEEFA,9 H!"9!-,<S!
DLR:'C5 '!!
•H,@DEEIAB!"%!5DE"6<!TH5@A,<+5+
7
•H,]+5N;],@DEEFA+!,*!=8,
56<>3@A),*!%*,<
-!DKME
•Hx5@FJJFA>")!+-9-<# *3 -9-!-9%
+-9-5 <)"
•H;@DEEFA!!-6<,!T[,+!@AP `B!<
5!-!+%! ;!!S+<>9!;!9!'
!9!@>;'AFDJF:L
•H!@DEE:ADEEM<'O!5%2<N<==!! =9=:DEGE=DEEMV'VOV!V5V%
YDEFFEFDKZ
•H T5@DEELA6!%9%P <H! "- )!!
)=<
•,-])"T3 @DEEJA,! 9-,<B!
•,@DEEMA'%!5 6<W#)MUMI
•,P) 8T+%;! +@DEFEA,%SS;!<+P!-!
',SS; !!+B92<N<==!=9=,SS;VYDGKDEF:Z
•,P)@FJJLA)!P! ;! 69!'!!P6<;,9!G@DAMMGM
•SdP'@DEEGA55DE<+BN),!!(9!!!SCP
:EN DEEGSdP,62<<N<==!P! ===!P=9 ==DEEG=EJ=:E=
DE YDDLDEF:Z
•!NT!H@DEEFA)P!'B! <+%'B! !+5!!<
[!P)=B&DKM
•T#-H8@DEEMA5$B*!-,<+'7
• )@FJJKA'(9!!<! 9!%"9!N! U
6<+PFKFDGFDJ
• ,H@FJJIA!6<P!!! 9!2<N<==!=!=
YFFDDEEGZ
•!-[@DEEGA'! !!>O!-<!
•'T )@DEEGA5 2U6<B*!-GK@:AIFF
•5-[@DEF:A,SS;/!!U6<8 ,T$@A
!-9- #%!!*7)!!-!+ >!MGID2<
N<== %=YDGKDEF:Z
•5,@FJJFA'! !PQP6<9Q DIG@:AJMFEM
•5@FJIGA7'"8B*!-)8!<+)
•#8T[4@DEEGA!;!!9%%!9!2_!%! 6<I69!
;!!B+;! 99!'!!@B+;'dEGALEMLEI
•# !B8T8[@FJJIABP!!)=<
Forschungszugänge und -methoden im Feld des technologiegestützten Lernens (Schön & Ebner, 2013)
$,9@DEF:A!"* ! "*
!!"6<,9T$@A
'!!@:'A2<N<==:=! ==!!-
DEF:=-=!==FFE= =!" ! "
!!"]%$&"";;)O@2"""<
N<==9%! !!==P=:E==A
-<+7 @{A"H:'"*
%N<==:
><
+)S9 )!!"@A
!-*Q! !%!
+"-+""*!"* "
*%!<P!!P!!!
!976 ! ! !!"
:'C5 '!!RDJ
/ + +P - / "! -"" 3 "
5! !!P!
'!!" 0!"!
%! -!@" A8*%
1@$>DEFFDA B*!-- 9
!!" !! ! !
!+ "+"<'!!!
- 9!2 *
<-$"%"* %!*@9!
0 P1A59'!!"%$!%9%7
$ -!!9%"9/!'!!"-9
$# -$ 9! 7!
6! 9- 3 !
7%!
+!!"!"*
!"* ! *- %! "* )
%!"Q+" ' " +"
* @ H {A 6 )
%!5%* !"*
%!6 .- 7! +
!-
Q7! !!!7!!
@% DEEJ] DEEG]%DEEIA+!-
H!" !#*!- ,!-5
3"*#*7!"-9
-!!,%!*[-@-$
A
7/( .;+! ' $
)) '(("*
. B
+B*!BP!! # ,*!-
!6! 9-
7*!"*5 ! %!!
-!-%,!!,!-@
!",!%A!H!_" 7
* 7*%!0!1"
"!32"+"
+5,!@0-9!1A ! +%!,
!!,!2 * &
( "+2 )&0,!1 0,!!!1
"$%!! !)& P!P
%!0,!1%") ! !!!
5BP!!!B*!- @BaA7"
! ! 5* BP!! *! BP!! !
!!9 B (
!!9 B*!- 9,!
:ER:'C5 '!!
8 7$&" ! ! )
!!" ! B ( H$- !
!@%DEEJA"-! %!(9( !!
" ! - ! ! % -
! 7 !"-@ DEEG]%DEEI] T
%DEELA
66! 9--9!8!
96! 9! !!6!9
6! 9!!@)!PT FJJJA6"["
+" - 6! 9-"-* %
6, 9-"-@H! FJJKA + )
0 6! 9-1 ! ! 10)z ")
," 6! 9- ! 5! 9- ! 7 @-
DEEFA+ %!6! 9- 6! 9-
!!"-9%!01%!
- !". ! %!'
"@9A! ! !
!-+-!+"7
$& !<5!"* !*Q)
*#)*-!" !!"
U"%,!%!7$&
'! #*!@_A(
`<> @DEEIA € * )*" '
H")*"6! 9-!
<> )*DE[DEEM0( 1%!!
?7!% 6%9!
P@%79 DEEM DGIA 6![ !
0( 1)*%!@%!DEELFMIA
- ,( " A$" 9 ((8" ) ,(
/"%5$$8( .F A+ GH* 3, (
,( "!,/( D D &
"*
)!"!!" ""
#*< 7!@AP!!7!(9-*
"7!* $( `!@AP
!!7@%)!"T +$DEEIA*"9!
+ @A !9 7 9 P
H!"-
:'C5 '!!R:F
F<+!"* '!!
2 ! !=<5
+ P! 7 % '! " !!"
"*9"!"
"""9'! -* +
7!%! 5 0-9!1 '! 0?
5 ' ,!%! " P! "
8"%1@-!&FJJFKDFA6B*!-*! Q
*!BP!!P %!%0 #-
"-!"!-"%%!* 9 8
5--@")A $+-*
#*!- 8 $1@T#-DEEM:GDA,
!'!7!%!!-8 9--9
X *9 3 ! -9
>"$9-! "
! #"*9 '!
P!!%! " 3
"997%!"
6 6! 9- )& 0'!1 % 6 !
0!96! 9-1 8 !9 6! 9-
!,! 7!" )! '!+
-!!-6!96! 9- , 9-
!B! # $-@%-TBDEEFA
(!B< 6F! , F!<
+" !"" %-!- B! $ !%
P!'! "-!
:DR:'C5 '!!
!!!!9B*!-#7+-P
B(-*,!"Q,%!+%!-9%*%
% %!! 9976
7* B*! " - X P! " !
+2*7"+%!>"
>"!2 ","!)! @
*3A " )•"-$!P!
"
'P -! ! 0(!9%1 ! 0(!1 ! - 7 "
" !!4 "
(9!9 P 01 % + "
% $%
4 ++" @P!A9-
5"6
+ " ! 6! 9- - !9 5
*Q -!- -9 !!!"
*6 )6! 9-
#!%7P 9-.%!-!-P
" 6 ) " 7!
* !" !9 8%9!
9 %! P! 7 "-
@DEEGA *!!"+-
! 6!%9! " @ 0 1 % H {!
]%DEEIA
+" -9 " 7+
-B-9%6! 9-
7!$%!9%"$B!
P -!" H!( "-"9"
6! 9- " "
7-%!$@9A! )!
!"" -$ ) "="
"!-!7-9+
P) #!- 9 -%! )
-9 ! > 8 ) $
(9$ ! - !
=$+ ! -9 ! H!"
" ! 9% ! * - @0! 9%
%9!1A=!3@0 9%%9!1%H{_A*
!!*B!"*%!!-9%*!
" 9!-
9!+!- 9!+H
!"!$H!(
"9!"H!"P -
+ N# ? "*H!( 01! 03 1<7
,!"!"-$
)!-* 6!
--""4*-!!
:'C5 '!!R::
D<,!"* ! N
,H% (2B<
> !"* ! ! !
)%!( ! !%! $%!
H!%!! ! 2 %! _9%
_99%+
499%7"* 7!
99 7 , %! _99%7 - !
!>! )" !=9
9" *
49%7* 4*%!6! 9!<"
'( - P 9! P! " )
% %!6% =6! 9!" -*
# *! !)" -$ ! -$
!&8* H !*Q
! !=_9%#*%
02*-)!1!0-9!%
' x* %!-1@ -FJJG DGJA !
#*_9%7*Q-#%!2
!%!%
!"I,( 9: I, J?K
F(* .9H*
49%_99%! ! !!!.
,! (! *" 7%!_99%_9%7
!"-$! 9@ -FJJG
DGF&A7!0'9!1?!
7" !!! $@HDEELA!7
"**Q 9 9! ! '(
:MR:'C5 '!!
*9 @% ,P DEEEA '9! 6 %! ! < 0
- ' " 3 ! _9% _99% PN
"% H%!"-$
1@,PFJJJFDDA
5" !
%!*Q*!2%!_99%_9%
7! !! !
-7! !!"
B<
"7 !!" +" #*
(" !=! -!!)
7 %! = 2"%!7! N
!! 9+@")'-A+! $(&
(@A !!-$@") 5!A+-$
"!!8@")!-6%A92
! )!!)!<5!&"
)!-!!!!9!@071A%!U
!! ) - '@")B$-A'?!
6! 9-9 '!!%!QH
!@")B! A
*Q % ! 9 # " ! %
P " )! %
> # ,( " ! 8 !
'!!!7!6
%9!a!# * ",- !
" +" 7!*Q"
#-! % 8 %) 0H$1
!9# @+ ""+7
% 8$3 0* 71P 9 %* !
!0*71a+!
7 0 H!! " 1 ! ( "
*Q ( " *Q
-$!70H!!1
! 013" ) H"
!@8A $' =( 0"*1"
*!8"" 04( 1+7!"
( + '!! " 6
!(!7"! 2"
-@==7A!!"!3 5-"
6%9!"-$+" !*
7! ! %! !% - %
"P 9! '!! B!
9 )-
B< 5"
)%! + ! + X
+ ! %! '( '! !!
:'C5 '!!R:G
!7! $-?! %! "Q
,*
!+ ! %! # %! "* ,$- E
D( (!+-9%997.-7
+N!+)H!9!-!‚"
$!.!"+*"99" *+;P
! 7 0*1%!+ *,- *
-+!">"-P7"- -
H! >"-)"!H! -9!a)7%!+
*"8%!B*B!-! !"9
97 " " + ! 2 8
#-*-$!99 )!0#
1 % " -* " -!%!*-
99# 3 H!9!-!‚" !7
(!9% " ! # *
- "@%H{P9A
) E 0$ + - -
'( 6P - 9 ,!9% 9!-
,@BNA!9, H*
- ! 7 08! '!P1 @8T
FJIKA-%!'!8%!_9%+
@'(A8-$% )! 9Q"
P%*Q!!,!-%!2
"9Q"
B< "
3P 9-%!9H!"P "
,! " ! %!
-c! !9%" !$-!!
%!"-! ! !!%9%7"
6 6! 9- B" 9% !- B!!P
P%!"!9!"=""-"
!" B!,!"!
>""7!* "
" )++6!;,!!
-!6! 9!P 6!%9!-%2
5!-! -$ ",! 2P! @"
)'-!!9%9!A",,6-9!
" %@H{PA3 $%9! !
-"!9 !3*-*"
7 .((($( (/( " C*3
!""/("(,("23(/(" &
(,(/( 8!(2
>#
%! ! >
! ! -* ! !&
:IR:'C5 '!!
'!"! !%!8
"* !!"
(9( #-9<"
'!!9!--- !
*-" "%&!P
!P "<! H!"0a!! 18
)&0%!! 1@H{!&A5!
!"-! !
"* $%!
57! F<
2*%!*! ! $3!
!" !!"!P0)1@
07!! 1A" !+-!-9!
5 ?01'!! %@DEELA!
*"!B"!Q@
H {"-A , '!! !9% 7* %
- @DEEJAk7#-d+-"
9% %$& @% -&- !
FJKJA
)
)!P,T [5@FJJJA6! 9-<8!6"U6<6! 9-- DD@:A
DEIDEJ
•-HTB@DEEFA'!96! 9- )<
•-2@DEEFA6! 9-5! 9-/8""*""9)6<[+
@A+6! 9-)<MKII
•>@DEEJA'-<!9!,!B9>O!-<B
•8)8T@FJIKA'+!%P!8!'!P!49%@BDEFD
8!!)!!-A
•,PB@FJJJA_9%!"!5 <BP!!72!
•,PB@DEEEA49%6P8'-@K9!Q9!FJL:A5 <+
7
•![]9][8T @DEELA,!!!%!;! 9!6<
[!!6! 9!'!!P9!7! KF:GFID
•!@FJKJA'Q! !!6<BP!!)9LI@:AI:LIMF
• B;]),]5] ])!!-!%-]' ]-,]!!8]#+]
>!!6]> ]5!"PTB9-!"@DEEIA%!;<!-!
%8B! +9!6<;[!!'!!P7! :D@:ADEEI2<
N<==??=(=?=9=%=DK=DGYDEF:EKF:Z
•T;@DEFFA+-+!+!6<,9T
$@A '!!2<
N<==:"=(=FE=9=%=GE
• 'T%';@DEELA+)9!'!!P<-'!!P
9!'!!PT!PFF@MADJME2<N<==!=?!=FFVM=:YDEF:EKFLZ
•)!"[T+$>@DEEIA! !%9! !")<
•,]$T>5@DEFFA/+' 0 '!!16<,T
$@A" '!!2<
N<==:"=(=FE=9=%=LLYDEF:ELE:Z
•H2@DEELA+69!_9%_99%,! !"!<'!9
8 !!!H!"5<77
•H!H@FJJKA2 -6! 9-"6! 9-"6<6! 9-- DE@DAKJ
LK
•%';@DEEIA+! '!!PB9%6<[7--]H8% ?],HPT>
>%@A9!+,!B-<!GDII
• 8@DEEGA6!%9!!!UB*!P+)"
!6<2FGDIJ
•T#-H8@DEEMA5$B*!-,<+'7
:'C5 '!!R:K
•-!&8@FJJFAB!!5$N<H$7
• @DEEJA+;! *7#-6<2+N[H >>!;
"T'!@A<#"H9--)X@\,
5)GEA5( <,:FK:DM
•79+5@DEEMA;9!< P!68;P ! !6<B!
!:G'P ! !;! 9!>O!-<;,BDGGDGJ
Educational Data Mining und Learning Analytics (Schön & Ebner, 2013)
,9$,9@DEF:A+8 99!+,
P96<,9T$@A '!!@:'A2<
N<==:=! ==!!-DEF:=-=!==FFJ= = 9]
%$&"";;)O@2"""<N<==9%! !!==P=:E==A
--"
-<+7 @{A"H:'"*
%N<==:
><
6 B!"+" B*!-
!%!%+ -9! * " )
* +!- 9!!!3"++
!! 9P
7$ " S9 %! )! -$
""B-9%!< B-9%%!
9!+ @+,A *- % -!"
%! P9@A" ;!3!+
9-' B!9!98%!+
P
"+!
" . ;! "2
""7%!2%-$>!
;! 2" ! 9 ! " "
"Q!9 B! ! @)! FJLEA - )
%!;! @B;AH" @$FJLGA).
6<0;! -$%$3,%!+"
! ) -$;! ! -$"#
* " + H" -1 @
DEFFA+"-!9!+ @+,A6"
[-! )& P9@A " !3.
+, ! 8$ @DEFDA " )! < 06 P9 -
U1+)!)&%!"%!)
" !"-!3-!9
8%:
FJLE[ )&+ !B!"
H!_"+ "#
&- !3"%!@" '"QA+@ $A69!
H!_"8 )-!( FJJG%!
9!+ @! !T7DEEKA+76"*
- 5DE %$6-9%*"
:LR:'C5 '!!
>" %! !">"- '" B!" 6'"
"+ B!"*
%!-!!"**@k)+lA
2)+% *%!+>"%
+"P69!
)+ --+<7B!"
-!!-!# )5H!-
6B%9Q"9 !
!%%!'9 +-
+ " '( *Q ; , 5- )! ! !
2! % !" 6
! B*"! k%! Sl @ 7!A !
'!7!-!"P!B!P!
7-9%*"-+
-9%*+! "! B9"9! ;-9- H! -9!
-$*!%*%!$ 6
%!5!! # U+ ! 9
HQ-9!#!@ 9PA!+"
-! (B! -!H@DEF:A!!
%%*"@!DEFEA >! % * 2
) , -
+#%!+,!+ 'PB!Q;
"! P "! ! -9 5 " N B*!
,+"- !!
" -$+- " !7
@ 3B*"A"! +B!"^
N--!9!H-!-#
"-! - ! 9 9% S! !-!- 6%9!
%!! -9 * %! 2 $-!!
-H! 9!%7# *"
B!" ?! N+%) 3
99"-*B!!!,!-!-"-
" 8 " !!9",
)&09!+ 1!&%
9!,!-6"! ),
99-",-" " )-!("""@,"!
DEF:JA,"!@DEF:A!'-6<
•!--%! 6% 87! ! #
< N"-)B
%! -)
•,! B *" 5-" %! 8
; *" * k)l%
H!"9!%!H
•2_9*-25-"
*H!9! N-95= &
•"%!Q7 -!3 + " - @7
A
•H!!%!3"%!6%9!
:'C5 '!!R:J
•'(P !-* B!9
• N%!B 6-9!%!B!88
!">"-P@>A
?
>* " -! " + +,< )
HH"a B!Q" 7 " $
) +, + 8 !" $ H! " "
% N+!" -! "2 H H#
9 -9!-6 +, N-9! !
N#! 8" *
6B(+ "$%!-B(+
!!"! 5
-$!" ) # % +
9 ! !P 98*H
!*5" )B*! "#
%!"!!#!$"
! -9 " %!+, H*
*!!-
/ ! % !! " %
!% -!!
-!.()$(*):"($,(+FLH.)
< -$( (+ (20&
!!+.$("- &
.+.$!*
)58)5:
+)&P9 $-!! P"*
%!0-P !!91 [! , ;!!@DEEE FIA +
"[ 2 %!8! P9TH!H!"
@HAH!P9 %!+%!"
% "!!!9""-$<0P9
! ! P !!!%! 9!!
!9! ! 9 % !C 1 @ DEFEA * !
9 > !"! !@ {"-A
9* %!-(9('*9-
9*[-@)- DEFDA
P9 69! %! "Q + %
!"""% " ! 5-" !
!6! 9!!!'!!%!-$
# *!
+&%! . !
+,?!! # *!>+Q9!
*!-") !%!""
"+%@DEFEA H* 7*-" 6
*!- + %! "
7 "%! ! @ !"
=A69!%! !!"%!+,)%!
,3 2 7! "-N6
MER:'C5 '!!
;! " B!" % N ! * _ ! 9
+ %!!""%!/!P%!
-9)!"! 2+
! 9! TS‚ ! 9! '!!P @DEFDGA "-
!
%!#%!"N$6%
%%!" ,N-
+*-%!P9 ,$--$)!%!B!"
!3 B! B!" " 7! ,$- %!
!! *!"+-9!!kBl+
"'" %%-! (%
GELE7""! 9
"- ,$- 6 " +
&">%%"%!-$
$&"!+!3+ 99
- 99- ! - B! *" - !
)!P;!@DEFFDA-9 B*! !*
!* '"5 ,)" *"
"* ! " " -! / * 7
! " kl;`@DEFDA " !
H! (*%! %)"-<+
2 @5UA-!@5UA#@5 UA,!@5UA
>(($8)+)D. > $23!
((2
%)5;!<
k5 +-l+!6! 9-+
!! !9%9%9-$
)--!%*)P98+
"5" ) 7!!Q%"!
%!!"-!!B 5
5 ! 7! - -%! +"
+ ! P -! ! & + "
@DEF:A5+- $
!-!".%P 9
!% "*!a*
, ,-!!* $$8* N H
8-"9 !"+# )
! " 2 " )-
2%!"+
!`)-."Q
!! 7*! $"!'!!!9
+ %!+"!+") '!!
-k6B(lB!
,9Q" - ! - %!!"! + 6
P,@ P A%*" -%!
4Q-9!9Q"' !!)
"$9"-*+
" #- P $ !,
:'C5 '!!RMF
**- *
7c
3 (1 . ;! . > $ - $8 )D 2
BM
#%)5<.
8*"!%!6B!"6%" !
*!*-$+&
%!2H2 5
%7! * "%!N
$& 2 !! ?-9% !" !
S9!!*"?-9%8!
"-@`DEF:DA++"! + 9%!
H!-9! 6 %! @$ DEFDKLLJA 8 )
)*9-99%!+
P9 9! + $ ! >
!"!! )-! (
B!"*9
-9"%!!H!"%
") P )%! @!DEF:A !3 +
! >!!" ! %! - 9
%!
! - ! +
3P 4 5 " "-#
-9 " % [ B!" ! 9 !
$3 8 " %* $*" %*
)
•,"!O@DEF:A%P!+ !(!6<69![!!6! 9!'!!P
T;! @6[6';AK@:ALFL2<N<==?! =%! wDEKV>!V:=O!~ "!YDGKDEF:Z
•)!P+];!H@DEFFA(B!%!9!!)++6' <P ! !+P !
6!P DEFF2<N<==! =!:= UV\FJDIM:FY:FGDEF:Z
•)![7H@FJLEA'!P<9%!P!!-6<;!9%M:KJ
MDI
•;`,+P-!&!2T'@DEFDA !!P96['!!P
M@G=IA:FL::F
•+%@DEFDAP99!+,5!9-
N<==-%!! =DEFD=EF=:E=P99! =YDGKDEF:Z
•,T$,@DEFDA7!%!,9SB;SFDS;!FIMFGKDEE:
N<==!!FD=Q=DEFD=EI=VSB;SVDEFDYFELDEF:Z
•,T$,@DEF:A5PP9B P9!,N6<)9!';! N!
'!!PFG@DAFMFK
•,]5[T!"@DEF:A6!6! 9!P !!!9%N9!
!!;6!DEF:7@-"9+-A
•,]>!)T$,@DEF:AP9/+P-""
%6<!TH5MLFDE
•@DEFFAK'O!!H!!89!P9
N<===P=!=KP!!-!!Q9!P9YFJLDEF:Z
•8$@DEFDA6P9-U5!9-N<==! !!=U\IDYDEF:EKDGZ
•`[@DEF:A .%!071) <
78
•,[T;!!@DEEEA!S69!,-!7'SB!%
PPDEEE? ! =!== -9=VDEEE^YDGKDEF:Z
•! !;T7@DEEKA9! <%P! FJJG!DEEG6<(P 9!::
MDR:'C5 '!!
F:GFMIN<==FMEFFLGDL=,6V>!=V+,=DEEK9!wDEwDE wDEwDE%P
wDE! wDEFJJGwDE!wDEDEEGYDGKDEF:Z
•$,@FJLGA;! " ) 6+&"6<!*!-LG@FA:MM:
•$,],TH! 8@DEFDA6C[!,99!'6<B!!D
69!;!!P9H!K:LF
• 8@DEFEA5P9UDGDEFE
N<==!=!=DEFE=EL=DG=P9=YDGKDEF:Z
•!],],] 'T')@DEFEAƒN,{,!!2{ 9
'!!6<I5!-!! 959!B9%@5BDEFEAFFD
•!]')],]+7!],T7+5@DEF:A,!!9%9B2
9,!!)%!6<!"],#a],"T,+%@A !;! 9
6! 9)=<KMJE
•;@DEF:A'(P'!!S/ 9-! 5!9-N<==- =
9-! (P!!!=YDGKDEF:Z
•2+ !9!TS‚!9!'!!P@DEFDA''!9!
+,P9<6)5!+;
N<==!%=!=!!P=Q=DEFD=E:= YDGKDEF:Z
Statistik (Wikipedia)
5-2<N<==-!=-=99-DEJFM"";;)O""@2"
""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=A
99-* 9+" P6
9!!B*9!%!+', 9-!
!9-YDZY:ZYMZ
+99-!'<
•+-9%99-@99-! 99-A<7!+
5X" ,,!
% _99%+"'+H")
699! 99-! !"!!-!! B
@SBA!99-
•+-9%99-@ 999-399-!6"99-A<6
-9%99- +9!
8 +5-!8!
*"'%
•+ (!9% 99- @ P! 99- P9 99- ! +
,A<+ !#! %!'-!
! ?!" * ),N -9% 7
-9% ' ! P 9 $# * @! 2
A " + %! +* " *-
+!P!%
X-9%'% @!-
9%A7*999-$
+2"-9%(!9%99-<
YGZ<5- 7,- U @+-9% 99-A5
7,- -!$U@(!9%99-A
# $
+5!99- %!99 0&19
! B!9- + 99- %! 8!c FKMJ "
0%!+16 FJ[N!N[!
:'C5 '!!RM:
5! 9 ) %! +
"
; 9! .;
++992! # %!99
9,!-!9 -!N<
&
6 B @! +Q9!A !@B! #
2!9)A-#)!
!<
•58 Q
•99!
•7!!
•S9!!%!!
•2 !
99 2 N ! N !
*5"%B*-%!+P
!9.
>N<
•B *99 < + ! + 2
+ B!" +
7!
•-*99 < + ! " " %! !
99 ! !S
?! ! 7 (- " ! !
S9!
•'9*99<+!"99 "
YGZ+%!!%$&
5I
+X H!++@B*
H!-35A%@99!!A!'! 9!
!7
5
6P,!(!9% -9% -9% 99-
+@H"&8Q-'A! 9!+
-! ( % @)!!7A P
!99-!- $
D!
+69!99P!)-9?
7! !3 59-?!2 "%!#
& 2 "!
H S-" 7 -!"
P!99P!)699
*99P#!
#" --
"99 ! a'(
MMR:'C5 '!!
% %"N%!"99,!
$--! 7$3
H!( ) $P
74" ! %*
" -!N
D< 2"
99-*9! +[5+
86! 9! )7!?-
9%B!"-$ 99- "! ! * N
!3%!"#!+N-! )%$-
9 S -$ 99 %-X+ ! - #
*
6 2 99- +%")"'
! 9!"" 2 "69!+-$
)!)"!2
"%!99-!0!?-9%1@*%! -
99-A 01 @%*A 0%1 @-!( 9A 0Q-1 @A
0%1@9A
;
6 -% N*-
99- !6-9% 99- H!!% -9% 99-
?! % +- B! P
YF:Z5-*"
•""%!!P
•-!!"%!8!))
!P5
•-"%!+!
+! -9%99-
•-6"-!P !B!["P>P
•)P6"-![&P+7!P![
%!
•99!%! 5
"
•YFZ!@DEELA'99-@MaA+7- ,F@*-
7!8!!)A
•YDZ!,!<'-(99!5PFJLI6)>JKLEDEFFGIFJGF:
•Y:Z+%,!!<99!'P;P', 9!9!! 5!+;FJJD
'99?FM/DG
•YMZ5 P<99!!!5!FJK:6)>JKLEE:EKKJMGJ(
•YGZ2<N<==99-=-
Deskriptive Statistik (Wikipedia)
5-2<N<==-!=-=+-9%V99-:FEFM"";;)O
""@2"""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=A--"
+-9% @<A99-" # +'H"
@<,3"!B A8Q-""!+%!
+ %!--
:'C5 '!!RMG
+,!-9% 99- -$? %!9!
*,!-9%99-%!7!"
9!" +,!(!9%99- 9
-9%99-]#P'
% !;
2 +" 5,!<
'< 6 ' + ,( # +
- + # )!
7++>'-+*"-+
", -2 !%!!#
+ <6+ 8Q-+"9 -
+?! # +$9!6! 9
!+%!# ) %!"7-
9!"+-?!")!
5%!@!%!`A
B <6B @,3"!H"A-+"
#"@A2 +"7"B
6! 9!%-# "
&
9!+ N !
.- N !
6! 9! ! N
+%!H$3*%!6<
• 3"'"*Q-%%5
"'""("*Q-%
9
• 37*@!+!A*Q-%
•# 3# @<H!9!A"7
+5H$3*%! -!,%+%!!
H$3
Mathematische Statistik (Wikipedia)
5-2<N<==-!=-=, 9V99-:FEFM"";;)O
""@2"""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=A-"
999-" ' 99- ,!7
99- 9 ,N P " 8
5-! 999-!9-"
', 9-,P!P )&-9%99-6
"99-@399-A"99--! *'
99- - + 9 8 9 99- 5
-!
MIR:'C5 '!!
# $ ;J
899-8 , 9 ,-
8 *Q ,- 8
$ 5 S *- 8$3 " )
+N,- ,8 "
D+< 0(! 9D!(FHN
I+OO*!+*(O!O P!G O/D+< P-
P*(??Q&D
) *Q P Q % !
8 )%$--+*")9
%+*7!7!-"*%!"
,! "%* ) %! '
$ 5 ) B!! " , "* *
' 8 !9!,-
% ;
5*%8 --$ ! 5-
!5-%!9!!%
#9!"*-!
6 999-" !) -%! 9!
8 !"-$<+)-!-9!
!,- ?*Q-%8 -
)!5-*6 )--!9
2 !&!!*
" !B!!
+ *Q-% - 8 ,!
9 99- N " ,! #%+
!!#%5-%9%*Q
-,- ")%
5 #% "**+5
-$ 9! N )! ! !9
* 9 % #% + 7!
%! 5-% "
:'C5 '!!RMK
%! 5- 3 *9 , %! 7 +
- !! $ ,- )" 8""-
'P7" )05! %1
+"8 999-*"!*"%
- ,! ! %! %! 7
9 H %!*"-9! % 4
*-@‚""!‚""A%)!*"-9!-!!
9>*B 8
)*"! !H!Q"%H!-7 8
-$99'+%!
P! ) 9! EF 7 "
)P!
Statistische Signifikanz (Wikipedia)
5-2<N<==-!=-=99VQ-":FEFM"";;)O""
@2"""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=A<+9-"
7 -0+9-!!N )@
"AN1
2",$3!799- "
5-#"-!
+- (5!-9%99-
(!(:!"*#
! "!"%!
.Q-"99'!* +
"B "5--9!>
9 -!- *" . 9 6
-5 $7!+' *%!)
8
! # "*+-95
% 99 Q-" $ 6! 9!
",%! "*75-[-
!$6! 9!_*
!
•)2 GGw"B*%!G:w
,*B)%!"8*2!9
."%!,*!"*%*
%!B,*%!B)!U
MLR:'C5 '!!
•, ,- $!,- 6
,- -- !"*!%B9*!
%!!*U
•62 ; -N9 H- ! *Q 6
#!# U
D" ;
6!)- #
a,-?!*"
#-+"* F"
5-/7!">P!9/6
-
) ,! * 5- %
-$ 8-9!'
+!8"6 -!?5 5-
F ! " -"9 3 Q-"% 8*"
*]*QQ-"%%!Gw%+5%
"YFZ6B(H N%!DE
2>P!9@"),- *-!A
" -! @"),- $A
9,!9%9!5Gw!<! %#$3
5-%!@„AGw5%!
" ) 5 %! - ! G w
%!Q-") 5%!„Fw %!Q- 5%!„
EFw %! !Q-
6 8""&%!Q-"8 5P
! H!( - - >P B!'N! *
'8Q-"%!
-0Q-1 ! 0!Q-1 $ / "*"6! 9!
@5A
99 Q- -9 . 7!
! > 2 9
!*99')% 5
!@") +!-!A 0Q-1
" 7!2>P!*
9 * a
4*-$ "2 0! 10-!!1
0!1S "5- - %! ' *3 7!
")*Q*8"
)%!""%"/ !9% /%$&
!Q-" * "* B! 9
! 69! Q- H!9! !-9% # -
99 Q-H!9! ! * %
H*!@)<#FJIEFJJE-!#$+
Q- 8#--!
H*" A
:'C5 '!!RMJ
&D!
5"&"
99Q--$!" -9
!3"!99B!@'*-A!"!Q
-!-$!" 8$3
!&-! B %99Q-"!
!!-H -9%
)%"&-*-@&-$3A9 N
# &=< 6 !7
•H!-99,! @7 A
•"99'@ '%!
9 *'-"!?9Q-"%
A
•!-9%+Q9!P !%!01!
•0H!1%F!D-$@,
"9 )! !*H!!2
F!D%!7-!*A
D5
Q-"%, 6 -"
" S 99-! @")BA6 -
%* 01 ! 0Q-"1 " 9 %! 0Q-1 !
6 -!9
"%!Q-"%
+! $5! +!
)9!6
- Q-"%*+5-*"*%
7%! *Q-"%
> 5!Q- )kl99 Q-
• !!9-
! •9 )!
",?@(9A&-99Q- !-
>"& Q-"%"!5
•&-$3
•5->P!!
•5-9%P!!
# $ &
7 Q-" ,3 ! ! 9- %$&
!+ ?!" !0B-9!1 $#
B-9! )29%YDZ
+ # !"P!!-* -
GER:'C5 '!!
%!9- # %! Q-" * -9!
H!-" F&!6B-9!%!-
"9!"!
699!@!B A 8$&"*+-"
% ! !-9% Q #
+!H! N7$&%!"
/ B / X
*"B-9! $
;'
+Q-" $-# *!]!
)<99-*N " 2 ; -9 H-
!*Q"!2"! 7
-- 8 %$-Q- +! 99 Q-#
" ; - $ --*Q-*
"
@FA+-*2 ?; -5!
!Q" !5"-$
,*Q"
8%!! )%$-N]%!H-
9! $
@DA!-*H- 8").
)%$- %$-*N]"
*; - !8 $ -9$-
-
6 -$!-# %!]*?!
)-992! $+H*-$
; - ! %!"
!@") !P--!
!)!5!!, $5
- B95!A+; -!6
"2*H-*"*!!!
0 !!!!1
6 "*--# %!]% !#
<> Q-*@<H-A
3&*@<; -A"!
-" *9S!<
! ! &* "
*/ <-!@/… !!†/A
)
•B)-)!! +<+!!DEEF6)>:MJJIFFGMI
@!*+A
•[)!"<99-< !")DEEG6)>:GMEDFDKFu
•-;-P5-99 9Q!P>!<FEFE:L=DEF:FMF:F
"
•YFZ9<Gw%6<;>;)DF>M>O!-+" DEELFD
•YDZ5!5<H99-6<+•"NFEFDI,*"DEEM
:'C5 '!!RGF
Explorative Statistik (Wikipedia)
5-2<N<==-!=-=(!9%V+P:FEFM"";;)O
""@2"""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=A
+(!9%+P@+A!(!9%99-'99-
+ %! 5 # * %! 7
+'- +, " 3 *Q %
99-99+-
+)%![!5'-PFJKE['-P"
!3-99-'%!P!
%!+""% $P!"3
'*-)&%""'P P
+ " )
>
#(!9%99-<
• @P!A28!+"
• "*"!996"-
•+%!995-"'-""
•) + 2 ! +%!(
"
Qualitative Sozialforschung (Wikipedia)
5-2<N<==-!=-=49%V!"!:FEFM"";;)O
""@2"""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=A
2_9%!"!!"+
%)!*Q9% 9
,!P N%
)
5!9 8 _9% ,!!! !"
'!9!*! !!!"!!!P !6-9!
!)"9%B !9%!"!!"
6 %!5>5-!-
9! %;- !" "Q- H!(
%! !"!!P 8"6 8"
" ' !" 8 ! !
52)%!- a(%+,!
9! _9% ! % ! ;- !" 8
!&;-+9%;-+
"+_9%!"!" !35
--9%!9+ )%!
9%!"!!%a
%
H9-%!_9%! ! 7 _99%,!
!"8 _9%!"!
GDR:'C5 '!!
2-%!<# -9?-9%*5--
!+@? !A
XP69!# -9_
9%!"!@!3+_9%6%
9%P A -" - *
9%-$6 8-4*
!"! S?-9%* * 7* 7 _9%
!9! 7"!"_
9% 9,!"!"B*!
-$,!$!P !
+"$YFZ5_9%! ? ,! !
_9%_99%"Q5&!9%9'%!
5H!( * * 35 H!(
YDZ+a(!&-%!!",!-! _
99%!"-"*)_9%!
2 7! " _9%,! ?-9% !-
%! ! -!!7_9% !"! -
!8!'!P 9 5!"!!!?-9% 9-
_9%6P!- ,!)!-!_9%'P
% !- 9 ?-9% -9 7 " 7 "
8"9"[%*-4*-8_
9%!-9Y:Z
"6
+_9%%!H!!!!!")!)!
‡,!-")DE[*&!"!;
!!"!!,! *9-")
FJDE[_9%,!%! !"!!
!-9++-!5-_9%7
Q %- ,! *
!"!! +" " *
,!8. !"
2 " B!9% -
!+ IE[! +8
!"!!FJIF%!HB!'!!5!!%!"0!-
!"1""
FJLE[_9%,!" - -_9%!
9B!?-!*"" 7!,PFJLL0_9
% 51!9"YMZ - ) ?%"
!*"9 "-"98"
"-+-3-@%!
+-!A0,!_9%!"!1
+8!"!!@+8A S-!FJJK
-9! >!% DEE:
+)_9%#*,NDE[-%
$3+9- %!!"'(P49Q"
$@,(,!A*-!Q",!>9!P
95!"!!-!-9%!"!+-PS?-9%
9-!&79"9%!""-9!!
YGZ
:'C5 '!!RG:
"
•YFZ!;!@FJKMA,,!!"!!-<-
•YDZ!)!5!!@FJLIA!!P'!9!!9QB!>[B!
2%PB
•Y:Z6-@FJJJAH_9%!5 <[%
•YMZB,P@FJLJAy+_9%58'-69! $-_9%!
BP!!y65$a@A):IH!3+8BP!!)
@:EI:F:A8$`<!
•YGZ-.-_9%!"!"DEEK
Part 4: Forschung planen und organisieren
Pragmatik für Studierende
5! !U57!SU)$9(
!U5 "9U! 6)"6 )-*
+!'(,$-%! "6
9! < B 9 !
) %"9 ! #9! "
5 /!-!S
-#9!@")BA!
Verfassen wissenschaftlicher Texte: Organisation und Ablauf (Wikibooks)
5-!!-@DEFMA2<
N<==-!!-!=-=7VV'(<VS9!VVDKFEFM""
;;)O""@2"""<N<==9%! !!==P=:E=AN
+- "
<
•B<# 9--
8
•!<7!+!9-9
•,-<!"
B
'P! ! 3 7%!%!<
•+Q9!"
◦H* !$9 $@+2 A
◦' -!-9@ A!
•*H*
◦"#
◦+
•,
◦
◦5 !
◦$"=-H!"
GMR:'C5 '!!
•)+
◦+-!H!" )=)
◦-"B! "9--
•B-9'<!(
◦+H
◦2 "H!"<!+!- 9!
•)8
◦98
•9
◦!%!""
◦%!*Q-
◦"H9-!
◦•
◦%!*-
◦H!-
◦-
◦%%%*9
◦
•
◦B!- )9 !@B A
Zeitplanung bei wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten – ein Beispiel
$@DEFMA#/)"";;)O
""@2"""<N<==9%! !!==P=:E=A
!@A#,-! 3<
,!F ,!D ,!: ,!M ,!G ,!I ,!K
+2
+!- 9!P
,-
P!@A-!
)#B"NB&"
6! 2 ) * " #-
9-$/"5!%!"5
!*
:'C5 '!!RGG
Persönliches Zeitmanagement (Egle/teachSam, 2014)
8= @DEFMAB!*".- -2<
N<== ==" =" VDV:VF @FGJDEFMA%$&
"";;)O@2"""<N<==9%! !!==P=ME=A
<=
5+!! B!"
5!!6! $-!
,! 7!!
2 # H!"
% &
9 # )+-
59-5!! "7!
" B!*7!
-"
#%!B!* # %,!
+ 9 < );P B!* B!B" !,! 8`
'+!+
F!7#
2 ,"%!-9%* $&-9%‚""-$
"* + 9 +
H!B!*"-!
GIR:'C5 '!!
D((
•3+ L$8 + " D! ( D " /"(
;,2
•4($ 9(R:("A"+";,&
$"(3(. (D(FD;H &
D$(("* D!,$82
Gute Forschungsfragen und wie man dazu kommen kann
$@DEFGA8! "-! -%$&
"";;)O:E@N<==9%! !!==P=:E=A
5 ! -! " !U +
)=%!!%
+!!9 %<,#"%
- %!! " ) P 9)& -*
!&!2
! B- "-! "
* 5 ! # -
a"!)<
•05}U1/+-%
•05"U1/+%
•05 =58}U1/+-*
•05! }@AU1/+-,3
@9 ,!-9!'!!A
•05"-U1/+"--
8!!H<@A 5!@
A %" B( =!5 !
"Q 6!@")+ 7! ,!
-A"!B 95!"'
%!"7)")6!
- @A)!
!6 !"
$ 5 !
01!! - - ! ! ! 6" !9
!!%!!6! !%!
$!5!>-.
:'C5 '!!RGK
&- ! N-9% B-9% "
"!H!"-
9" H @9!< S* 6!%9!A>
S!!"%!
5!
!!"B( ")-!-! #
B( !!"
!!-
+!- ") !
,0!1 ><5 "U
!U
5 " !6 "
-! -$<
•6 6 < 5 U6$6
9!!3/
! ! 9! 6 @")
( !8A
•+H-5"/ 6
*" -$ -
!6 ' "%!%""
!!
• !-)! ' @*
A>!9 $%
•a-9 6!@5%!! %
A
• H!66!)6!
*
5 ! -$ 8* 6 " )
! 3%!<
•H*67!6/U
•)N6' @!A""!92"
-9%7!
•!%)*@A -'
•2" "%!
•+Q! -
•8- " !<5! @)
' A UH
"!U
+ '( ! 7! ! % N<==P!! =U
%\E,>!
GLR:'C5 '!!
Literaturrecherche und -verwaltung (Linten, Kretschmann & Heller, 2013)
,-!H @DEF:A6! 9!+-
%6<,9T$@A
'!!@:'A2<N<==:=! ==!!-
DEF:=-=!==FM:= =! 9!]%$&"";;)O@2"""<
N<==9%! !!==P=:E==A
-<+7 @{A"H:'"*
%N<==:
><
+ P 7 #9 %"8
/" k!*lB*",![
+).-6! 9!_!
" % 0 '!!1 #*
! 7! *!"%
N@7!S%9!5%A-
P 96.-%")!
! +- ! ) ,*!-
-9- 3 !)!!- -+ %P
5-"" 5Q6! 9!%!!>
"B!"*-""3
8!!!O!!=)/8@A6! 9!
/ -9)-"!9%
# H !! ' 6 8
S9"!-
"
+ %"9 6! 9! 6! 9!-! " )
+_Q-9!5! "*6
! 9!_ 6"%Q"!""!-6! 9!
&-9% ! 5 ["
9)!--!"%!!
-!@+-A" !!
!!6! 9!-! " %8
9@(T! DEEMA896! 9!
)DEEL@8"DEELA!!9"69!+;!!9!5 k+
2% l # %!DEEI/DEFF -!FE%!DEEJ/DEFI! -!MM+
)!--_99%7!@AB-9!FEFG
[ 5!5 5 +> " Q%!
5""%! 9!%!"" #k!
9!!%a!d!58!
% 5H%-!6!
9!P #/!%!#S8-
)* 9Q ;! P " 7 @ DEEJ] H
{!A ! 9 ! 6 "
! 9!@7-DEE:A#%!5DE:E3
>"c
081" )!-)B-9!
8)%+" )
:'C5 '!!RGJ
!=8'!!@+! +
9!A# QSB-9!7!(-!!+!!
6"7%-"7$&!"! !
,3 9-*
2%*H!"" B!?-06! 9!-! "1
!!@)!-2%*H!"DEEGA
-+ "6! 9!-! " *- 6! 9! "
-""-6! 9!_"9Q
"""6! 9!3"&"%!"%
&-9%‚"$
# )&6! 9!-! "+Q9!)&*
?! H*!7 #
6! 9!-! " %! >"- 6! 9
!-! " )5N @DEEIA + S9 2%*
H!"!%N" ! *"%
+ " N< 7! %9! 5%
7!!-'H!
96 5-" @5A
"-$
B
#* !' ! '-5!
59 aP!P 4P!P -"%
)&5$9!."$!
B- 7! ! B-9! ,!!Q #
*" -*3! D.$ E&
B!+-!)!--!S *"6B*"
*!699!8-!5%
* ' 2 **
6! 9!" k+ !Q5d&-9%
"* ) @),[A * B!
+# @+#A S+k8!dk8!d)
9!k+ !>"-d%
; "8 :8-D+: ; "8 :8D;:
+9!
9!'!!P=9!, )!!
) )
!== !==
'!!P29! ;! "2
@>=+A,='!!P @>=+A,
,P ,-! "
'*D(,( /+,((!O&!!
IER:'C5 '!!
5K L
! DEEM !)"
) DEED B(/%!c!
6TH DEED 6! 9! ,9 6
T$ DEFF '!!
H DEEF ,9 H!"9!-
H!T!! DEE: ,-9->,!"
T)! DEED SB*!-
> DEEM H!
DEEI )
DEEK 8P P '!/+-9-/+
DEED c! %%9!+-9-
'*-+()8
5K L
! DEEL '!PB9!S
)! DEEI '!!!9!
)!- DEEG '!!-!)<8!B9%!+
; ! DEF: '!!P69!!,;!! 2)!
,!!T! DEFD !!-!+9!
S DEEI
T+ P DEFF '669!+'!!P
!PT+! DEFD 699!'!!P!'
!T! DEFF 69!'!!P,!
!! ! DEEL !!-!!9 P!!6'9!
'*S(+()8
+ #(( " @!A - ' 9- 5! 5- ! #
%#6'!B68!9 *
@,A 8!!O!!6(_-!,85-!
9.-8!-
+!- - N -$ +
5- 2 * 6! 9! #
Q !9! %!8!! "
'&"
:'C5 '!!RIF
> $ .-)8.<;): D!
[!!9!
'!!P N<==!=?= !=(=['=( F:I:
)9 [! ! 9!
'!!P
N<==!PP! =?!=FEFFFF=wDL6>wDJFMIK
LG:G F:F:
;! T9! N<==?!%! =! 9!= DKKG
+9! N<==!! =!=DE= EGGL
9!'!!PT!P N<==!= FFKF
9! '!!P
+%!
N<==! =9!~wDI~=~
wDI~9!=?!=FFMD: FFGG
69%%! N<==!! =!=DE={2%EK(S K- F:ED
69! [! !
;!
N<==?!%! =9!?!!
! = FMFG
[!!;!
N<==!PP! =?!=FEFFFF=wDL6>wDJF:IG
DKDJ FI:D
''- [! ! 9!
'!!P N<==!?= FEFI
'*T9 +,((O&!#% . +&/!' UB
?B+$V
> $ .-)
;[! N<==!==?=
;6'[! / ;! !P6 '!!P '
9! N<==?!!
+, N<==!!-==
4P N<===_
% N<===
B N<===
![!! N<==?!=
/9! N<== !=
![!!S+ N<==!!=
69![!! '!! N<==!?!!=?
69![! ! 69!'!!P+
N<==!=(
69![!!69%,!'!! N<==!?!!=(=?
69!%!S+
N<==!!=(=!=(
[!!H!!P N<==?- 9!! =
[!!6! 9!'!!P9! N<==?!=
[!!69!'!!P N<==!=?=?=(
[!!69%,9! N<==? !-=
[!!S N<==?! !!=
[!!!'!!P9! N<==!==9!=?!=?
,B*!- # '! B(
, N<== ! ="=
'G<9 +,((O&!#% 6+D
IDR:'C5 '!!
7 B! ! B&/ @P P9!A )!
!-$*>N6! 9!?
5- 0 1 -! '
" -! @'! DEFFA ! 5!
,$-6! 9!%!(9("+
!" $@H{!A
> $ .-)
;! ~2 %N<==%=
9!,69! N<==!-=?!=!=EJGD:JLK
69![!! N<==!==?=
[!!P!!>!- N<==!!=9!=?V
[!!9!,9 P N<==!==? =
[!!69% N<==!==?=
,T'!!P N<==!-=?!=!=FMI:I:Fu
,T'!!P N<==!-=?!=9=FKM:JLLM
S < ' [! ! S +
N<==!-=?!=(=EDILEGF:
'!!P N<==!-=?!=9=EJILKKIJ
'!!PB!P9! N<==!-=?!=9=FMKGJ:Ju
'I<H!a9 *!=-9#
6+&D&.3
•3 D(2
•3,(2
•3D,(5F" + +B&D!?&
$(;++B"A$"H2
+6 !#! !#9-9!
"8 "!%$&9-"9[$6 !!$
9!"
6 k#d#‚
*!=-9# # -!a9 #%!
! 6 -! " [! 9-
SB!P-!! >""7
+ ""* 8 ,*
!-=-9-3"! *!#@"
) # B*!-A *"Q # *!=-9
)*"Q [' 9- ‚ "Q#
*2 = ‚ "-$ Q H!-
?9 )!-!6*"
? )!- "Q - " +- 6! 9!_
8C2:-
) -! 6! 9!_!)- ! 5 "*"
" !U8" )+-
3 @! +-! ? A ! !9(U
7-% -!! ! @'A
:'C5 '!!RI:
9)" $ " + - 3
+!- -$! B
""*_!B*"!7!*-+
6! 9!9,$3-!%
'&8 !%+!- 9!
"+-%!%+!- ?+
-H!! "%!%-5!
@'-AB ! " )!!l !- 2 "S7-
H!-9! $@!-DEEGA
> % %! %>
? 2 %" '& ' " ! +
($+*"-!9 @*
8!!S9!0 !-1A)-!%"%!@SA,!!Q
!#-!%>"'$49%H
! 7=699!"$-!B-9!
!)%@!)A)
+Q %!0#9!"-169Q-9
!*9-)*6 -!# *)*#
!6 -!
; D<H .-)
) @)A N<====(
9!!6! 9!;@6;A N<==!%
-)a)@+))A N<==
+)%@ +6BA N<==%
! 9!P )@6A N<==Q
8!!! N<==!!!
+!P!S[!@+S[A N<==!?!
S6+ N<==!!=!=
9Q;! ! N<==9Q! !!=
@%A N<==!
'K<56! 9!_
B" "3! ; F$(H*
•"3(1$8' !M
•03B.?/.M
•'1 5" FLH (;!
+)M
#
3%!
0!1!0)!(1 !95 $!7%!@
!PA +- " ! 9 !B!Q
!Q *3>"*!
IMR:'C5 '!!
#;! #<D<
5 ' %*"%4/%
*# %/%! B! <5.
-U6-"#-%
!!-! )!!- - )! >!9" ! !
4#'(-! %!9
N"%U2"!?
" )" UB!
? % ! ! #
"
5-" -$ 9 * " 5Q
6! 9!+,
+ 2 5] *3 Q %!
7!(!,9 S?- >"2Q " 2
? S?- @" ) - ) ! " - #A
! 2 S?- * Q "!
!"9-$@DEEK]DEELA
)7 !3,3B0S
'B!?1N<==! !=!-=SV-V!?
5)*-"H,5!
! "!{{:/!"
H
;
,!)!!- -++! $2@!%!5A
$H!!!"%
+ )!!- - ! N ! %
+ H" %! +! " " !)!!-
-+<
•)!!- --$-!! +!
! B;!,!*"7
•)!B<6 -'(-
H!" )!!- -! 9 -'(2
9!-#-N'("-!-
-"("
•+)!BP!>"=!)!!- -"%
+3-$"!|
•5)!!- -%-!H!-
?"2$&"
•[)!!- --!!!* !'!
$%@01A'! %
!-- 2""!
•-*')!!- -*N 7!(
9! -!'(
•+$&"* )!!- -)"=-$
:'C5 '!!RIG
*!)!!- -+<
•N<==!!
•N<==%-!
*!)!!- -+<
•)!! P@S!A2<N<==!! P!YDEF:ELDGZ
•;2-2<N<==-! YDEF:ELDGZ
•P'@) A2<N<==P! YDEF:ELDGZ
"!" "B-!k!"d%!k)!!- -+d<-
)--!""4!)!!-
- >"= %!-! 5 ! $ % -" )!!-
-%! "9%!)
-$,-%! 0!"-1
"!<' >"="8B!
%-" ' 9 k'd"%!-$
6! 9!!
8"%! %!k)!!- -+d2@
H! 9! 9'(("'A-$#
#9$9 !=> 7$&
?*Q ! @ " " ) >
[! "%$&A%!k!)!!- -+d
" ;2- !-9! %!k)!!-
-+d!<
•"*"29-$ "
"9
•+"*"+!
%@" ))'u>!6A !9(!9
•+$H!%!@!%""AB+-
7!(+ N-9! )
%!
•8-9! !-! ! )!!- -"
"9 ' !B!?-"a
• -9!" ' "-
;2-)"=
# "B-?!*-"";2-!!*
+!/" 0!">%1H-!)!!- -+
! ,-+%
P!0)!!- -1" )%!+!;2- $
*%!<
•N<==%!
•N<==!!
•N<==?!
•N<== P!
•N<==!-!
•N<=="!!!
IIR:'C5 '!!
D&(7)">
#!!@N<=="!!!A -!! )!,!",N
#!!)!;! *!-,%
5#!! )!!
-!#!!! 9P !")!
] " --?
P !
+)!. %!4-9!<*"
"#[!7!@" )%!O!'A5-9-
%" % 5!* 9- +% ['S
-H!@" )5!7-!"
)!-%A
#!!"B++N"% 7!
( " ! )! %!B++ "- !
"
!,- %!#!!P!9! %! S
H! !>-!!"!!!@")")!
%B! !A $!
"
D&(7)"+
;%@N<==%! A%! 5! !)!
<+)"!a**"
*!* "-*7!5!9!<+)
"= " " 0B!?-1 "@ .
%!+ %!B!?- "A -$
,, ' - + 7* ,
,-$?"%*%!?#? (" ? 4 ?!
?6-,,!
S!;%!?B!- %
! !-!;% +%!!%!5
!! 9 *< + [9[ Q
"?94P#9%!, 9-=BP-=-$
S9!"2"%!)'u3";%
"-!a9 -!! 7! !3 -9!
!!9- 9! %!= H!9!
-!8;% [ "!
%!; ""!$
"7
)"7#2"
)FJLE[%! B;+8-9!%!
%@DEFEA<
•+ -!+@!" )!=>
" ?2+S6A!9!
+!%! . 4" )
:'C5 '!!RIK
)!+-H!
•+Ba] ,$-!
*H!-%!" ]!("!*"
*""7%!B+ ?7!(!!
•+7 !+ " %$& %!
0H!-17'("
H",- !%! !
9 #99 " / 9! !
%! % ! 9 B H!
--$%#99!]!N)
"=-$%!#9%"9!
!3 ,- %! " B! %! @ )!(
06B(1%!A
&E D<75" "#
+ ! ! 7!( '( B++!-
$ - $,N%
% =)P 7!(
@,Su!SM<!]5!7!5!K<5!A+
-!!7!(<
•+!)(
•5!" >%!5!uB
•(@(A -!!7!5!(
)P !
•8!!+-! -)P
,N (9 " B! +!!( ! -P% @!!(! ]
-P%! A 7" N
$ H!! ? += P! 5
@! !*A!8B+!
'( - 7! " 7 " > P!9! $
5-"B! 0, 1@5% 2)
9-UA)- %$ + +! ! !
- +)!"'%!+ )
")"?+ $,D8)-!!"7
]$3B-- !8"
M6;
!%! # 8#
-)"-"
"7 & 6(
-# ! !" '&a@
?-9%A!9" 'P!!8!![
%! JE B!" - / - !
!$/ -9%! >"Q-$
H!-O!! .DEFF%!,!!@)A"7
) 6! 9! %! ?! 7!
!<
ILR:'C5 '!!
•*"2"!'6 "Q+
-! )!--! %! @
k%dAME GEE $3 ' 5 @ k%d
) DEEFA
•2 -4*+ 6>">"
!--!!!-% %
!9 '&%"%!+ 7
"#! %!-! 6( ! !9
5 ! %* '& %! B" "
6"= %" +!- %!
**B)" 6 9"*
-'& !
•, '- $- @ 5!A ! >-
9%!P!P -$ 6
>*!6! 9!-B*! @kPd
DEELA8!!!O!!!<6 #
$3 96! 9!? *3'&
- #-"%! 8
D&(
6 ! DEF: 6'( ! ! !-
!9)N + , 28 > N 6
> $& + B! ;! B6,
%! '! 7 #
)!& 8!!!!-T;! !& 8 -!!
, $"! %@2,A
%!k. lk682l+2 !*
+"-! !2H!" 8!! ,!!!!!- "
" B!" [ " ! ! - + %! 2>"
>" 2)$@H$DEF:A >"!
?" 9%< N 8!! Q @! A / !P
8!! B!(P% + ) "! - 6B !
'-;!!-8, 6(_-@%! )A!
&, ,,""!?-9
%7'&-/8 , -
8!!O!!=) %!"-!
7!""
M6" $ ;
DEEM8!! 8!!! 7!
,--*#2"9Q;! P ‚
+!,*! -!
!%6"8!!!%
"9"-!" + *3
B-%! 8!! #9!*Q- 8!!! "
% ! 7!( -!a9 +!- -! "
5!8!!!'B-
:'C5 '!!RIJ
9! >" -"P- "
- %Q" 6 2 2 H @,$ T
-DEELA%!-"%'
*!2%* %!8!!!%
-%"+5=""0 !"
+Q" " >"- %!8!! ! "
19' 9-!*">8!!!?
"-%*'"4
4* ! + 6 2
@,PT5DEEK]DEELA *7=S[!2
"!8!!!*9 -%!
k,-!-4l
+>"-!%9!+- 6! 9!P B!!
5DE•)! 5- 9%")
DF[!+ -
'-+"""%!9%+
!!7 , +!%!
5-" 8 "*
,*!--9-8?'!!!
5-"'-%*
)
•!'@A@DEELA'!PB9!S@DA<2B2%P2<
N<===!!-=FDEFMI=!!-=JJ#V!VDEEL'!PVVB9V!VSVYDEF:ELDKZ
•!B]H]'!T# 8@DEEMA!)"+-9-
S9!4*><)5)5
•)!]6%H]%!>T5[@DEEGA'!!!9!5!<2
•) B]*T,*H@DEEDAB(/%!c! 6-<
7
•) ,H@DEEFA'+5<76<[!!!BK@FA2<
N<==_! ===(=((U\?]%\(]\ ]!\:::IMGFEEEKFEMYDEF:ELDFZ
•)!-2%*H!"@DEEGA+2<
N<===Q ==(==VYDEF:ELDFZ
•)!-;[]8 ;];![T,!!,8@DEEGA'!!-!)<8!B9%!
+!<B&
•; !H]![T B@DEF:A'!!P69!!,;!! 2)!
@DA) !<5!
•++@DEF:A!8!!T;!6<H$%! YDEF:EKDEZ
•'!@DEFFA=>2<N<==!=!=YDGELDEF:Z
•,@DEFEA,S%%2<N<==a-! =!!= =M:KJG:EDLJYDEF:ELDGZ
•8"[];;],"],!]+]95T'!%@DEELA'+%(!
+2%<2!!5!6! 9!8!'!DEFF <69!+
;!!9!2<N<== ! =!=P!=%(!%YDEF:EKDJZ
•!@DEEJA7!- P !6! 9!%!"
!>"7!-2<
N<=="=V=!?-=%P=V%PVDEEKV:VGYDEF:ELDFZ
•@DEEKA)!3%"6! 9!"6<)!-!
B(:F@DA<FID/FKF2B<N<==Q"Fˆ! =%!(==EK:KLYDEF:ELDIZ
•+]B`TH+)@DEELA+!9+P<)!'!!!>(89!56<
B!;! 9!)!!!PM@FEAFEEEDEM2<
N<==!! !!=9=!<!=FEF:KF=?!FEEEDEMYDEFEEKDGZ
•6[TH B@DEEDA6! 9! ,9 65 <)"BP!!7
2!
•H,@DEEFA,9 H!"9!-,<S!
•HN]8%H]H HT ,@DEEFA>"-!6! 9!
KER:'C5 '!!
!)B!"!%9%," !
2<N<== ==="VD=-"VYDEF:ELDFZ
•H!5T!!@DEE:A,-9->,!",<
• )T)!@DEEDASB*!-) <7!
•!-+@DEEGA5! 9!%'!!"6! 9! 6- ,<+86
2<N<==-=!-==!!=56)YDEF:ELDFZ
•,@DEEJA 5"6! 9!-! "<B!+-8"8!!T;!
YB(Z6<)!I@DA<M:G:2<
N<==!!=(=!=9=%=MG=YDEF:ELDFZ
•(;T! 5@DEEMA'P+7 N%!6! 9!,-! "
HW&5)!-5<+-
•,PBT5H@DEEKA(!!PP!8!!!6<S6! 9!%:F@IA<LFML:E2<
N<===v P==S6:FIYDEF:ELDFZ
•,PBT5H@DEELAP[!;!%8!!!6<5,T,B@A8!!"9!!
) !<!BKGJ:
•,!!,8T!58@DEFDA!!-!+9!@:A,=>[<
•,$,5T-@DEELA8!!!9%"-6<)6'!
FF@MAMEFMEI
•>"-6! 9!-! ")5N @DEEIA6! 9!-! "2<
N<==! 9!-! "=Q =V!=VV6! VLLYDEF:ELDGZ
•> ,]]!,+]-H]+ ,TH"8@DEEMAH!
)=<
•S+8@DEEIA)!<2<N<====P==B2)KFEDYDEF:EL
DFZ
• 8@DEEGA)8H!"9!!%9%
<B
•T+ P[7@DEFFA'669!+'!!P@:A2%>
[P<B9
•!P,+T+!@DEFDA699!'!!P!'@IA> <PT
)!
•&@DEEKAB!!% 5YB(Z6<)!M@DAFJ
2<N<==!!=(=!=9=!!=KF=KMYDEF:ELDFZ
• @DEEDAc! %%9!+-9-,<S!
• @DEEKA8P P '!/+-9-/+,<S!
• !T!+@DEFFA69!'!!P,!@FEA2%>
[P<B9
•!! !>]5 ,]5!"P-)]!!HT,N!@DEELA!!-!!9
P!!! 9!!!P9!PB<6! 9!
•!",5@DEFDA!,<B!
•7-@DEE:A6! 9!P!<%6<6! 9!L@MA!FGJ2<
N<==! 9!==LM=FGJ YDEF:ELDFZ
•5 H@DEEIA"Q6<)!-6! 9!"5
,<
Part 5: Das wissenschaftliches Manuskript
Das Vorgehen bei wissenschaftliches Arbeiten (Wikipedia)
5-@DEFMA2<N<==-!==(U9\5V:FEFM""
;;)O""@2"""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=AN
5 !P 97!
?!?-9%%!"!! +4 !&
@"9A ( ! !" -$ 5
- - 8 - ) !"
! ! 5
@#9!A@A-%!
:'C5 '!!RKF
6 8 >
8"" ' 6! 9!_! +!
7!%! 8-9YFZ
6 N5"9-'
8!84@B *-*AYDZ
% ")!- " ' ! "
-' )!" ("6 %"
*5-"*"9
6 " N , %4 #
-%!29 --,Y:Z
6 NN ! " + !
-" 7$& %! " B!?-
-$
,$# %7$&!#
"H!N"5-,$
!$""9
6? - 8-)& 6 ! #
) > #@$. A@$
*3 . A 6 * 4 - @!
! 3!A)#!'!?
@A %]40%1%!
4 6[64!
5- @2H A
+- )-)9
"4"-%! X+ "5
! 9! ! -
%!
#9*B-9!!,!!Q#
*"6"*-! 8>6! 9!
_@")B!*)!%"%5A>-@)!-
"P-!*A$""9*S5-"9*
YMZ>#9*- #9-!
4
6 %N-!6]-
! ! !!& N a X
9!*=-!)" %!
-! ) 3+ = ? ) ) ")
%!"? "+ 9!
!!-2%"""! "@!0
101!0!1A!0# 1 ) #
"-8-!B! 6
7$&*Q %!-" " 5
%!H!",!@A@A
6 % ) - " !
!5 $"-!
- 8 * %*
!!!- ))&+= =
KDR:'C5 '!!
Q3 %
•YFZ,'<5FGa,DEFF6)>JKL:LEEI:L:EK
•YDZ;![+<'-:a,DEELD&
•Y:Z)-<9:a,=5DEEKME&
•YMZ7")H!DEEI<H!!9%5 #9*-%!5-5 FE
,*"DEFF
Allgemeine Struktur bzw. Bestandteile wissenschaftlicher Texte (Wikibooks)
5-!!-@DEFMA2<
N<==-!!-!=-=7VV'(<V5V'(MFEFM""
;;)O""@2"""<N<==9%! !!==P=:E=A"
*
!'8
*%!! !' 7!!
"!
9
**!!699!'+ +'N
9a ! 5- * *Q
+! -"
D
+6%"-! N8 HN2
N+7"*.$?""
+'N!6%"$"*
+ $ 7!! - " 6 B!
^9 ' +Q9! 8"
2 !@ NA"-**Q
-!-
-!
F!9
6 !NB! 9!!
9 H ! " !
0!y" 9!"!+"H!
.*% "* %!%
"% N!""# !
8@'-A
+-!
;
! !"!6 Q
-+N! N"!
-# . !
& $!-) c
! B2 N! !&!-*
B! !YFZ*" !
-0$ 1! 0,,}1c+
:'C5 '!!RK:
%!"9 -, 9!!
)
6 %" @ 6_ , 7! 4%"A -
- "9 49+!!Q+
, %" ! **! !"
95-‚-
5
+Q- '( Q,
'(%* 9! ! 9 6! 9! !-
9+-$99-$,"6! 9
!% "'( ! ‚
Exemplarische Gliederung einer Forschungsarbeit
$@DEFMA( 8!"";;)O""@2
"""<N<==9%! !!==P=:E=A
•<H"" ' !8'(
•-!<5'
U5-!-!U5
' %U
•7!<)7!$!"
*,!@A
•2"-<P 9)
! $!*""!
•+-!<# -9+-!7!
@") -!A)@")
7 89-AB(=!"-
•# <H"# !-
•-=S&<5*@!AN%!U5
!&!U
Richtig Zitieren I (Wikibooks)
5-!!-@DEFMA2<N<==-!!-!=-=7VV'(<V5V'(
@MFEFMA:FEFM"";;)O""@2"""<N<==9%! !!==P
=:E=A"*
$! *3 '(! "-"
+@!A! 8-*%!!
!- 6 8""*Q
-". B"@H
BA -$@AH!_""#(
-9!
+@-A- %!
88-5! #
- %!! 6!)
! %!55 ")# 9!"
KMR:'C5 '!!
! )! 9-
9!"-$ * - -
"9*#
-6-!"H " 7! B68
-"9-9! !a*4
!!!!
5$# ""> '"
B-@0}1!0Y}ZA%+"
#
%! +-$?! YZ@
0!10-!1A-"
*3! # ) 0%1 @") % ,A
)%#H -#6B(
" ) 5@""* '( -
!")-!!!-A 3!
!9%!#*""2"
H "
(9 ,$-! )! !9%
* 6 ! * " -!_
*Q2%*#9!
6)!+! ,+!-!!%""%!
+H" $4 '(" H" $
! %!*!
•)<! -! )0Y}Z-)B
*5!*%!1@DEEIFGMA
8*" ! 4 @B *A #
5->! S
-*""*
Richtig zitieren II (Egle/teachSam, 2014)
8= @DEFMA#9+9 -2<
N<== =="V-"! @FGJDEFMA%$&"";;)O@2"
""<N<==9%! !!==P=ME=A-"
8*"<
•5""" $$"
""%!3"
•8$"" " )"$""
3"
) #9 !!<
•#$"
•# !!)!! -6-9!
!!
•5 " *'(%!*"9
:'C5 '!!RKG
-H -Y}Z-"
•9 '#%!!! 7*
#+")!! <Y%!
7Z5 " 7*'(*
!- )<0@>7A
!51
•*'(-$! -@H!?-9%A"9=
@%}A
• *3#9 - X +
H "4")@%}A
Zitate und Literaturverzeichnis (L3T)
,9$@DEF:A#9! 0 '!!
@:'AS"*<N<==!!!! =Q==E)‰GH'2E">'[">5#u4'=%$&
"";;)O@2"""<N<==9%! !!==P=:E==A -<
%!", = B!?-:'DE -]
6 !'(!! 3"9<
•7H ") "<@> !7$&?
"A")0> !%9,*@,FJKFMMA1
•7!5- a3'(<> !@7$&?
H AYZ@ H A")0>,@FJKFA !
%9,*@MMA1
•=!= 5-%["H!
")@,FJJLFJJJ, -!!
")@,FJJJ],DEEEA
•)H!!=> 3(y")0)
@DEF:A1
•)H!!= 7H > 0T1
")@%)TDEF:A
•) ",!- > 01%")0
,@DEFDA1
•+!- '( > 699!S9!78
!-"7
?"9!")@2H! !DEE:A!@!*H! !DEE:A!
@S;+DEEFGKA
+%")!- 9!9 ?H!
+!<
•,!!<> 7! @B-9!?A'7$&!<7
•)D!!<> 7! T> 7! @B-9!?A
'7$&!<7
•) !! T%! ]<
> 7! ]> 7! T> 7! @B-9!?A'
7$&!<7
• *<> 7! @B-9!?A'7$&!<7
•)*#<> 7! @B-9!?A'6<#[!
)@ AŠ"
KIR:'C5 '!!
•)* *<> 7! @B-9!?A'6<7!
> @A' 7$&!<7
"
•(-!9--$)* *6%*!
?)!@! 'A
•+!- <> S9!699!B!+!- =%
@[A<'S""S9!!699!"0!1)S
+!- 2-H + "
Y[,!'Z
*"" %"
•") ,@-")A!
"H6>8%@8-A
•5'""&@")H9
"!B-%! 7$&!A
""
Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten – Wann darf aus Wikipedia zitiert werden? (Zellmer, 2009)
,N# @DEEJA5/55-"9U5!%!
FEDDEEJ2<N<=="!=DEEJ=ED=-"9
=%$&"";;)O@2"""<N<==9%! !!==P
=:E==A
DEEG +! - )"#5-
!9<8
+! "[N
,( !- % * + < -
5-#9 !
+!+-B%!!"
# 8-" % #!-#H!!
_ 1>"9*@UA‰5-5zN
6!H!!_ ,!-%!-N-<
0>5-"9*, 3H!(1
2-! ^*-)!
)"#5-9-<
0+! 5-#%@-!%9!A9
%"75-#!3)_ -9 6%*-
!-*3 5-"9
81
+$ H! ! +Q,N-
)!)#9*-< 5- 4 '
-
>7
•N<==-N=DEEL=FF=EF=-"9 _
-N!9"FDI=
•N<==-N=
:'C5 '!!RKK
Typografische Richtlinien/Formatierung (Wikibooks)
5-!!-@DEFMA2<N<==-!!-!=-=7VV'(<V5V'(
@MFEFMA%$&"";;)O@2"""<N<==9%! !!==P
=:E=A"*
•-P!3-+!- !-
!+!P!%!>"B"
!?H+"
"%*-$ '(!%
+#"'P!Q! 9!a
+!- P!%! 6-
•B<"B! +6>M9@-A
•*<!DG ]: ]: ]-: ])FD @?2 A
•#<FG#
•<HB!!9!<' >! !%9
•<FD@FEAB.DB$3] -3!DB-
•#*<#9 B-$3*<@FEB
#* FEFDB FD A
•"<@N-%A< %
•B<"!-" 'N
•3!"<@! 9A @#&A!
•H!-< ) 7$3 S! 8 9-! >!" "
#-@! A
Umgang mit Textverarbeitungs-Software: Nutzung von Formatvorlagen (& Co.) (Dauscher 2014)
B+=#2,5-@DEFMA7%! S‚ #2,
5-2<N<==-" =" =(=7V%!VVV VS‚
@FGJDEFMA%$&"";;)O@2"""<
N<==9%! !!==P=:E==A-"
D (2" J
7%!? '(%!3!!!%
H!- 9B! *Q -"'()-"
*"!
) *'(@"))!A
B! -"'(
'P_*)"-"%!" )<
•05?"N.FM!F:N-U1
•06% '( N:DD FG !
FGU2! N :DD !
NNU1
•09 ?"! 6%"! ! .
-!!U1
5!!) ,$- '(%
! ! !6 !
-*! %!S‚-9!7'-9!!*
'(%P ,!!5!+"! -<
KLR:'C5 '!!
•S‚-!‚!-!!
•+"7!MF:D%!S‚
• Q" +*"N )(
"!+ -9'
'(!%!'(N")
•3(
7!%!.
•%%!.
•)'
•'(7"@6%"A
•3!
!"#$#
+!%!'(N y! %!y
>"
S‚ 3 @! ? A ! 9 ! %! '(N
!+ '(N*Q! %!"
•,- ,'(N").
•- @AS‚!
* ,07!1
•5*! %!01
N
+'(N@!!!A! 9!
'(N!9! 9]!-7 !3
6S‚589 '(!!! %!
"![ ! %!-$" +-$
$3 N @ -% N A 2
N!)!-"
2 ! 99 ! %!"*! 3%!<
•5*! R! %!!-'FF ! %!
""-!
•! %! H!.
%- H-~#x
•H- ,
••5 % $-%
•2 "**"**
8 -@!!‚"7!A
$D
)"%! !'(%P 3
$3,-•")-'(
%!-$3'(> ")-'(
*!<
:'C5 '!!RKJ
$
%
%#$&
'
#())
*#())
#+
*$!#
*,#
*
**
-.//'
01
+- .yFy!yLy
.N yDFF9-y ! yDFD%! FJEEy !
! ? .<0F1! !
!! 9 0L1+ .
")$3
)*'(!0•-1<
•5 !? -@ H!! #NA! 9
.+% !!
9- "
•3 * %!.+-
$9 > "* 2 %
@-" $!!A
•3 -"%!@ !:2%! ,!
A!6%" .""
+ Q!7!<
•?.! %!!
!
• " . ! 9 @ - *
* "! • . ?
-
•! 96%" -"%!! !
9--
."
4%'"H!3">
!-9!"! %!)N"6
'(%
LER:'C5 '!!
Verwendete Materialien im Überblick
5-2<N<==-!=-=5FGJFM
"";;)O""
@2"""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=AM
5-2<N<==-!=-=!FGJFM
"";;)O""
@2"""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=AM
5-2<N<==-!==(U9\5V:FEFM
"";;)O""@:FEFMA
@2"""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=AG
5-2<N<==-!=-=5!FGJFM
"";;)O""
@2"""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=AI
5-2<N<==-!=-='!FGKFM
"";;)O""@2"""<
N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=AK
5-2<N<==-!=-=P!FGKFM
"";;)O""@2"""<
N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=ANFE
5-2<N<==-!=-=,!FGKFM
"";;)O""@2"""<
N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=ANFE
5B(5-@DEFMA2"B52<
N<==(-! =-=2V"VBVV5
DJJDEFM"";;)O""@2"""<
N<==9%! !!==P=:E=!AN FD
,9$5>@DEF:A+' 1
'!!z6<,9T$@A
'!!@:'A2<N<==:=! ==!!-
DEF:=-=!==FEJ= =%$&"";;)O@2"""<
N<==9%! !!==P=:E==AFG
$,9@DEF:A!"* ! "*
!!"6<,9T$@A
'!!@:'A2<N<==:=! ==!!-
DEF:=-=!==FFE= =!" ! "
!!"]%$&"";;)O@2"""<
N<==9%! !!==P=:E==ADJ
,9$,9@DEF:A+8 99!+,
P96<,9T$@A
'!!@:'A2<N<==:=! ==!!-DEF:=-=!==FFJ= =
9]%$&"";;)O@2"""<
N<==9%! !!==P=:E==A--":L
5-2<N<==-!=-=99-DEJFM"";;)O""
@2"""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=AM:
5-2<N<==-!=-=+-9%V99-:FEFM"";;
)O""@2"""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=A--" MG
5-2<N<==-!=-=, 9V99-:FEFM""
;;)O""@2"""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=A-"
MI
:'C5 '!!RLF
5-2<N<==-!=-=99VQ-":FEFM"";;)O
""@2"""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=A<+9-
"7 -0+9-!!N )
@"AN1ML
5-2<N<==-!=-=(!9%V+P:FEFM"";;
)O""@2"""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=AGD
5-2<N<==-!=-=49%V!"!:FEFM"";;
)O""@2"""<N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=AGD
5-!!-@DEFMA2<
N<==-!!-!=-=7VV'(<VS9!VVDKFEFM
"";;)O""@2"""<N<==9%! !!==P
=:E=AN GM
$@DEFMA#/)"";;
)O""@2"""<N<==9%! !!==P=:E=AGG
8= @DEFMAB!*".- -2<
N<== ==" =" VDV:VF @FGJDEFMA%$&
"";;)O@2"""<N<==9%! !!==P=ME=A
GI
$@DEFGA8! "-! -%$&
"";;)O:E@N<==9%! !!==P=:E=AGK
,-!H @DEF:A6! 9!+-
%6<,9T$@A
'!!@:'A2<N<==:=! ==!!-
DEF:=-=!==FM:= =! 9!]%$&"";;)O@2"
""<N<==9%! !!==P=:E==AGJ
5-@DEFMA2<N<==-!==(U9\5V:FEFM
"";;)O""@2"""<
N<==- !9!!=-=' V!V2=ANKF
5-!!-@DEFMA2<
N<==-!!-!=-=7VV'(<V5V'(MFEFM
"";;)O""@2"""<N<==9%! !!==P
=:E=A"*K:
$@DEFMA( 8!"";;)O
""@2"""<N<==9%! !!==P=:E=AKM
5-!!-@DEFMA2<
N<==-!!-!=-=7VV'(<V5V'(@MFEFMA
:FEFM"";;)O""@2"""<N<==9%! !!==P
=:E=A"*KM
8= @DEFMA#9+9 -2<
N<== =="V-"! @FGJDEFMA%$&"";;)O
@2"""<N<==9%! !!==P=ME=A-"KG
,9$@DEF:A#9! 0
'!!@:'AS"*<N<==!!!! =Q==E)‰
GH'2E">'[">5#u4'=%$&"";;)O@2"""<
N<==9%! !!==P=:E==A -< %!"
, = B!?-:'DE -]KI
,N# @DEEJA5/55-"9U
5!%! FEDDEEJ2<N<=="!=DEEJ=ED=
-"9=%$&"";;)O@2"""<
N<==9%! !!==P=:E==AKK
5-!!-@DEFMA2<
LDR:'C5 '!!
N<==-!!-!=-=7VV'(<V5V'(@MFEFMA
%$&"";;)O@2"""<N<==9%! !!==P
=:E=A"*KL
B+=#2,5-@DEFMA7%! S‚
#2,5-2<
N<==-" =" =(=7V%!VVV VS‚@
FGJDEFMA%$&"";;)O@2"""<
N<==9%! !!==P=:E==A-"KL
:'C5 '!!RL:
LMR:'C5 '!!