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På nära håll är ingen normal : handikappdiskurser i Sveriges Television 1956 – 2000

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... Dessa reproduceras inte minst i kulturella representationer, berättelser och medier där livet med en funktionsnedsättning ofta framställs som tragiskt, begränsande och onormalt i relation till ett liv med en normativ kropp och ett normativt sinne (se bl.a. Norden 1994, Ljuslinder 2002, Barnes 1992, Pointon 1997, Longmore 2003. Men humor har också potential att synliggöra och utmana normer, maktordningar och förgivettagna föreställningar i samhället (Strain et al. 2016, Wilde 2018, Bingham och Green 2016, Lockyer 2015. ...
... Eftersom personer med normbrytande funktionalitet ofta är marginaliserade i medierepresentationer (se bl.a. Ljuslinder 2002, Ghersetti 2007, är en viktig aspekt av den här studien att det är personer med normbrytande funktionalitet som både leder och gästar podden. ...
... Särskilt när det rör sig om företeelser som vi inte kan få egna direkta farenheter av, är det medier som är vår huvudsakliga källa till kunskap. Vi är således ofta hänvisade till den bild som medierna ger av omvärlden för att bilda oss föreställningar om samhälle och kultur (McLuhan 2001, Fiske och Jenkins 2011, Hall 1997, Ljuslinder 2002. Farnall och Smith (1999) och Kenix (2011) bland andra, visar i sina studier att medieporträtt av personer med normbrytande funktionalitet har inflytande på hur funktionsnedsättning uppfattas och förstås. ...
... Enligt Ljuslinder (2002) är det också vanligt att män med funktionshinder framställs med en "vanlig" anställning för att visa att den personen kan klara av en sådan uppgift. Ofta konstrueras de som "hjältar" som "trots" sitt funktionshinder klarar av vardagen. ...
... När fokus bara ligger på att den funktionshindrade är ett offer, skildras personen som utsatt och beroende, som stereotypen "Det stackars offret", ett offer för diskriminering och förtryck. Kampen för bättre livsvillkor är underordnad i berättelsen (Ljuslinder, 2002). ...
... Dessa stereotypa skildringar om funktionshindrade personer härstammar från gamla myter från tidigare tidsepoker. De överlever troligen på grund av den linjära och traditionella berättelseformen, med karaktärer som ofta används i en historia; hjälten, skurken och offret (Ljuslinder, 2002). Avhandlingen fokuserar på hur nyhetsmedierna fungerar som gränssättare när de på olika sätt etablerar eller bekräftar gränser mellan Sverige och flyktingar, mellan svenskar och "invandrare" . ...
... Att använda begreppet eller etiketten "funktionshindrade" som en gemensam beteckning är ett problem då skillnaderna i livsvillkor och sociala positioner är väldigt stora för människor med funktionsnedsättning. Ett annat problem blir att deras annorlundaskap pekas ut och risken blir stor att föreställningar om funktionshindrade som "de andra" och som något avvikande från det kulturellt normala i samhället skapas. De som gör programmen har sannolikt en seriös strävan att följa samhällets officiellt antagna handikappolitiska mål, men trots det kan SVT:s utbud motverka dessa mål genom att personer med funktionsnedsättning återkommande gestaltas som annorlunda i jämförelse med "de normala" (Ljuslinder, 2002) The representation and portrayal of people with disabilities Medier ska undvika olika slag av skador som publicering kan ge upphov till. Till exempel ska medier respektera individens integritet genom att inte hänga ut någon om det inte är för allmänhetens bästa. ...
... Tidigare forskning visar att personer med funktionsnedsättning ofta gestaltas stereotypt, till exempel som offer, i nyhetssändningar (Ghersetti, 2006;Ljuslinder, 2002). Vi ser att mannen sitter i rullstol och vi förstår direkt att han är rörelsehindrad. ...
... Att personer med funktionsnedsättning gestaltas som infantiler är en stereotyp som man även har sett i tidigare forskning (Ljuslinder, 2002). (Ljuslinder, 2002). ...
... Offerrollen är särskilt tydlig i relation till funktionalitet. En vanlig stereotyp bild av personer med normbrytande funktionalitet är det tragiska offret (Alexander 2015;Ghersetti 2007;Ljuslinder 2002). Ett närbesläktat synsätt är myten om personlig tragedi (Oliver 1996). ...
... 2016;Lövgren 2013), och professionell expertis har bedömt vad som är bäst för dem (Starrin 2000). Detta har särskilt gällt personer med normbrytande kognitiv funktionalitet (Ljuslinder 2002;Alftberg m.fl. 2019), men det gäller även personer med andra typer av normbrytande funktionalitet som inte tillåtits medverka i viktiga beslut som fattats rörande deras liv (Apelmo 2013;2016b;Barron 1996). ...
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”Make room!” Concerning ableism, paternalism and the construction of dis/ability Within the social work profession, social vulnerability and social justice are central concerns. However, professional emphasis is on economic and social conditions and less on dis/ability, despite the fact that dis/ability is important, not only for services aimed specifically at people with dis/abilities, but the entire profession of social work is linked to dis/ability in various ways. The purpose of the article is to contribute to a deepened understanding of vulnerability in general and, in particular, the vulnerability of people with dis/abilities. An advertisement from the Swedish Public Employment Service’s campaign “Make room!” forms a point of departure for a theoretical discussion of how dis/ability is constructed. The article demonstrates how the advertisement is based on paternalistic and ableistic ways of thinking that connect dis/ability, gender, and race/ethnicity. Able-bodied perfection is regarded as desirable, while the deviant body is linked to deficiency and suffering. The article also deals with the critical discussion that followed the advertisement, which eventually led to the Swedish Public Employment Service withdrawing it. Finally, we argue in favour of a cripistemological perspective in social work. This means taking previously marginalized knowledge as a starting point and reformulate traditional perspectives. It also means seeking cross-border cooperation between social work and the disability rights movement as well as other social movements. Thus, the lived experience of vulnerability that can result from impairment and its effects, as well as the political vulnerability that arises due to lack of resources, are made visible, without vulnerability being interpreted from paternalistic and ableistic perspectives. Moreover, ideas of the normal body and the normal way of thinking and feeling can be
... I avhandlingen sammanställs materialet med en kvantitativ studie samt en analys av programmens innehåll och form där de också placeras i en sociohistorisk kontext. (Ljuslinder, 2002) Resultatet av studien visade att andelen om och med funktionshinder har legat på ca 2 promille sedan mitten på 1960-talet. Den största delen av dessa program kommer från faktaredaktionerna. ...
... Ljuslinder hävdar att funktionshindrade i första hand presenteras som deras hinder istället för att framhäva andra, mer framstående delar av identiteten. (Ljuslinder, 2002) Marina Ghersettis arbetsrapport "Bilden av funktionshinder" publicerades 2007 på uppdrag av HSO. Rapporten bygger på en studie av representationen av funktionshinder i Traditionellt har inlärningsteorin försökt förklara beteendet i termer av direkta erfarenheter, men idag räknar man även med mer indirekta erfarenheter. ...
... The media's definition of reality plays an important role in how we look at the world. The media mirrors our ideas of what is desirable, normal, or abnormal and plays a particularly large role within the areas where we lack personal experience (Ljuslinder, 2002). Brune (2004) argued that visibility in media ultimately affects the conditions for normalization and participation for people with disabilities in society. ...
... He also commented that they get to play specific roles, for example: heroes, victims, or people who are politically active. But most of the time people with disabilities are rather invisible, which is just as problematic (Ljuslinder, 2002). It is sad, to say the least, that not even TV and radio financed by the government are able to give people with disabilities a proportionally equal amount of time to be presented (Bahner, 2010;Taesler, 2010). ...
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Participation in society is vital to mental health and is beneficial to individuals and society. The goal of this study was to provide insight into how people with cerebral palsy and spina bifida view their experiences of participation and to examine factors that might influence this issue. The results show that participants emphasized the importance of being accepted and treated equally. Living independently and being able to play an active and leading role in their lives was also essential. Participation was described as a process of interaction between a person and society, with mutual responsibility in respect to integration.
... Det saknas dock kunskap om vilken typ av konstruktioner och dekonstruktioner som finns av begreppen och fenomenen tillgänglighet och tillgänglig information inom regionens olika verksamheter. Inom funktionshinderområdet har ett begränsat antal studier genomförts av medierade tillstånd och konstruktioner av funktionsnedsättningar särskilt i tv-medierna (Ljuslinder, 2002; Ljuslinder et al, 2009; Ghersetti , 2007; Magnusson, 2009). Några närmare analyser av tryckta medier har inte genomförts i någon större utsträckning. ...
... I Sverige har medieanalyser genomförts av flera olika forskare (Ljuslinder, 2002; Ghersetti, 2007; Ljuslinder et al, 2009; Magnusson, 2009; Lundälv et al, 2012). Även internationella studier med fokus på olika medieanalyser inom funktionshinderområdet har genomförts (Byrd, 1979; Bonnstetter, 1986; Haller, 1995; Auslander and Gold, 1999; Gold and Auslander, 1999). ...
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Undersökningen har visat att medierapporteringen av tillgänglighet för personer med fysiska, intellektuella, neuropsykiatriska och psykiska funktionsnedsättningar har varit tämligen sparsam under hela undersökningsperioden d.v.s. under ett decennium. Totalt 228 nyhets- och reportagetexter som publicerats i tidningen Regionmagasinet och i Göteborgs-Posten har studerats. Publiceringarna har skett under perioden 2000-2009. Av de 228 artiklarna återfinns totalt 157 artiklar som publicerats i GP (68,8 procent) och 71 i tidningen Regionmagasinet (31,1 procent). Ett av resultaten i studien visar att barnperspektivet varit mer framträdande än äldreperspektivet i rapporteringen av tillgänglighet i Regionmagasinet. Emellertid har barn och ungas perspektiv om tillgänglighet skildrats i begränsad omfattning. Den bilden stämmer överens med en rapport från Ungdomsstyrelsen som i en rapport år 2012 konstaterar att tillgänglighetsperspektiv för barn och unga inte uppmärksammats i någon större grad. 18 artiklar har uppmärksammat barn och ungas möjligheter till tillgänglighet i samhället. Sju artiklar har uppmärksammat äldres tillgänglighetssituation. Antalet artiklar är begränsat varför en viss försiktighet måste ske i tolkningen av resultatet. Det kan ses som anmärkningsvärt att såväl barnperspektivet som äldreperspektivet inte är mer representerat i den rapportering som Regionmagasinet genomfört under den studerade perioden. Ett annat resultat som framkom i undersökningen är att det är vanligt förekommande att drabbade personer intervjuas om sin situation och uppfattning om tillgänglighet och delaktighet i samhällslivet. Undersökningen visade att drabbade personer (brukare) förekom i en majoritet av artiklarna (63 av 71 artiklar). Resultatet är intressant då det visar med tydlighet att drabbade medborgare har fått komma till tals och fått utrymme i medierapporteringen. De har varit delaktiga i rapporteringen samtidigt som deras utsatthet har beskrivits och skildrats på ett respektfullt vis. Ett tredje resultat som framkom i undersökningen var att de båda livsområdena fritid och kultur samt hälso- och sjukvård var de mest vanligt förekommande i det publicerade materialet. Totalt representerade 40 artiklar de båda livsområdena vilket motsvarar 56 procent av samtliga publicerade artiklar i undersökningsmaterialet. Fokus i rapporteringen i Regionmagasinet har främst varit på informationstillgänglighet. I föreliggande rapport redogörs för de olika teman som framträtt i analysen. Likaså presenteras hur tillgänglighetsfrågorna belysts i Regionmagasinet och Göteborgs-Posten där likheter och skillnader i rapporteringen presenteras. Rapporten avslutas med förslag på vidare frågor för fortsatt forskning inom området samt förslag till åtgärder. Rapporteringen i Göteborgs-Posten under perioden är också intressant ur flera perspektiv. Det var vanligast att tidningen publicerade mindre artiklar utan några bildillustrationer. 67 mindre artiklar skildrade tillgänglighetsaspekter i bred bemärkelse. Totalt 41 debattinlägg publicerades under perioden som hade sin utgångspunkt i tillgänglighetsfrågor inom skilda områden. Debattinläggen om tillgänglighet som publicerades i GP handlade till stor del om hälso- och sjukvårdssektorn och arbetet med tillgängligheten där. Det var framför allt en negativ värdeladdning i dessa artiklar som handlade om olika problemsituationer, ekonomiska neddragningar och systemfel. Vilka uttalade sig då i debatten och inläggen om tillgänglighet under perioden? De aktörsröster som var mest framträdande var personal inom sjukvården, förtroendevalda och tjänstemän inom olika sektorer. Undersökningen visar att en tredjedel av samtliga debattartiklar och insändare inom diskursområdet vård- och hälsa var skrivna av vårdpersonal. Inom diskursområdet stöd i vardagen och transporter var tre debattartiklar skrivna av tjänstemän och två av drabbade personer d.v.s. personer med olika funktionsnedsättningar. Ett 7 tredje diskursområde som behandlades i opinionsbildningen var miljöanpassningsdiskursen. Inom detta område var det främst förtroendevalda från olika politisk partier som hade författat debattinlägg. Fyra artiklar var skrivna av förtroendevalda. Inom diskursområdet medborgarrätt var två debattartiklar författade av tjänstemän. I medierapporteringen om tillgänglighet i de båda tidningarna studerades också olika miljötypers representation i artiklarna d.v.s. inre miljöer, yttre miljöer och Internet- och Webbmiljöer. Den vanligaste miljötypen i tillgänglighetsrapporteringen i Regionmagasinet var bevakningen av Internet – och Webbmiljöer inom olika verksamhetsområden. Tidningarna rapporterade om tillgänglighet för olika typer av funktionsnedsättningar. Undersökningen visar att båda tidningarna har koncentrerat sin rapportering av tillgänglighet för personer endast med medfödda och förvärvade fysiska funktionsnedsättningar. Det föreligger alltså en klar underrapportering av andra typer av funktionsnedsättningar. Exempelvis har tillgänglighetsfrågor för personer med intellektuella funktionsnedsättningar, neuropsykiatriska funktionsnedsättningar och psykiska funktionsnedsättningar under åren 2000-2009 varit mycket sparsamt skildrade. Vare sig tidningarnas läsekretsar eller den breda allmänheten har fått någon kunskap eller skildringar om upplevda barriärer (hinder) eller möjligheter med tillgänglighet och tillgänglighetsarbete från dessa uppräknade typer av funktionsnedsättningar. Resultatet i denna del av undersökningen är anmärkningsvärd eftersom det handlar om stora grupper i samhället som är beroende av tillgänglighet och delaktighet i samhällslivet. Undersökningen visade att båda tidningarna inte har kopplat tillgänglighet till någon specifik typ av funktionsnedsättning utan att rapporteringen och skildringarna varit allmänt beskrivande om tillgänglighet och tillgänglighetsproblem. Ett exempel på detta är att det i båda tidningarna endast fanns fem artiklar som på något vis berörde situationen för personer med hörselnedsättningar. Rapporteringen om otillgängliga transporter har skildrats i tidningarna där kritik har framförts såväl i artiklar som debattinlägg mot kollektivtrafiken och hur såväl fordon som kommunikationerna generellt har försvårat för personer med funktionsnedsättningar att förflytta sig från en punkt till en annan.
... In culture and the media people with disabilities are often stereotyped, and cast either as victims and objects of pity, or heroes and inspirational role models for overcoming their impairment (10). Disability discrimination is evident in the culture, both in terms of either lack of representation or undifferentiated representation in media, where people with disabilities are subjected to stereotyping (11). When societal or institutional patterns of cultural and symbolic value construct people as inferior, or just invisible, there is a lack in full partnership in social interaction and hence a state of misrecognition (8). ...
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In Sweden, support and service for people with disabilities is provided under the Swedish disability legislation, which has a clear focus on the individual’s right to a life like that of any other citizen and on promoting equality and participation in society. Nevertheless, having a physical impairment makes it clear that equal mental health care is not provided in practice. This becomes particularly salient when there is a need for mental health in-patient care. In this article, the aim is to explore our own experiences of epistemic injustice in relation to mental health care provision in a situation where one of us has a mobility impairment that require the presence of personal assistants in everyday life. Critical personal narrative is applied to highlight the different, but intertwined experiences of a young female mental health user with a physical disability and her mother. Diary entrances, shared discussions and extracts from health care records are used to illustrate how epistemic injustice may occur in health care practices. In the analysis, we use Fricker’s concepts that relate to different aspects of epistemic injustice, to show how power is exerted. Healthcare professionals’ inability to value and integrate patients experience-based knowledge into practice where the lack of a holistic perspective visualizes what happens when people do not fit into predefined categories. Instead of strengthening patients’ rights, health care professionals discredit patients’ and family members knowledge, and thereby giving themselves epistemic privilege. People with the combined experience of both disabilities and mental health issues are vulnerable to epistemic injustice and epistemic harm since they are commonly denied both epistemic credibility and authority. Our results highlight the importance of counteracting resilient structures of social privilege and power and identifying and, in as far as possible, removing the mechanisms that exclude the epistemic resources of people with disabilities and their family members from being part of shared epistemic resources.
... In contrast to these negative representations (see also, Auslander & Gold 1999;Haller et al. 2006), Howe (2008) illustrates that sport journalism is policed to systematically cover positive news stories about (dis)abled athletes, which produces an image of ' elite disability', or the 'supercrip' (Schalk 2016), far from real life sportsmen and sportswomen's highs and lows. Despite these findings, as underscored by Ljuslinder (2011), the sparse research on (dis)ability in Swedish media published in the new millennium (Ljuslinder 2002(Ljuslinder , 2007(Ljuslinder , 2009Ghersetti 2007;Rübsamen & Jarlbo 2008;Magnusson 2010) does not reach media professionals. Having said this, a heightened consciousness of issues related to (dis)ability can be noted in Swedish media during the 21st century, especially in Swedish television, where the presence of (dis)abled persons on the screen has increased considerably (Ljuslinder 2011). ...
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This paper aims to unpack the complexity of how (dis)ability is positioned through naming processes in the largest morning papers in the nation-state of Sweden. The data consists of articles during the period 1992–2016, analyzed through quantitative and qualitative approaches in three stages. The procedure has allowed for identifying the continuous conceptual development of overlapping categories and constructs. Questions about how (dis)ability is addressed and how it is positioned in relation to other marginalized groups have guided the analysis. The concept migration is used as a point of reference in order to compare parallel and intersecting identity-positionings and thereby to allow for further illuminating what shifts in identified constructs imply for the area of identity scholarship. The findings highlight a development towards a diversified vocabulary and the formation of contextually bound constructs of functionality across areas in which different meanings and uses of (dis)ability are named and thereby made (in)visible.
... People with disabilities are among the most marginalised people in society, as they can be viewed as deviating from able-minded norms and are thereby assigned pejorative labels, which enforce identities on individuals (Hardin & Hardin 2004;Hassan et al. 2012). Disability is constructed in relation to abilities, norms and functional bodies and minds (Kafer 2013;McRuer 2006;Taylor 2015), and Ljuslinder (2002) discusses that people with ID can be viewed as deviant in light of able-mindedness based on an assessment of individuals' intellectual and cognitive abilities. ...
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Inspired by ideas of able-mindedness, this study explored athletes’ experiences of participation in disability sports. The athletes included were active members in sports clubs targeting people with intellectual disability. The study focused on their perspectives on and understanding of participation, as well as on their accounts of positioning and self-identification, in disability sports. In all, 17 athletes were interviewed. Using thematic analysis, three themes were singled out: identity construction and positioning, the (dis)able-minded athlete and facilitation of participation through others. The results show that participation influences identity construction and is a basis for a common athletic identity. This study offers important knowledge for the facilitation of participation and for the elucidation of able-mindedness in disability sports.
... This way of life has been naturalized as the natural and desirable order of human development and life course. It has become a compulsory way of living as it permeates almost every aspect of our lives and structures every social institution in society, from a person's own self-image, the structuring of schools, jobs, and political decisions, to society's overall resource allocation (Ljuslinder 2002). The taken-for-granted logic behind this expected life course from childhood, adolescence, adulthood, productivity, parenthood, retirement, and death for a white, cis-gendered, nondisabled person, is one of teleological progress (Browne 2014: 7). ...
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As previous research has shown, people with disabilities often have restricted access to adulthood and its corresponding life events (including sexuality, partnership and parenthood), both in society and in popular cultural representations. This article analyzes five contemporary Swedish fiction films with protagonists with disabilities in order to consider how and in what ways they depict romantic relationships, sexuality, and reproduction as manifestations of adulthood in normative time and life course. The aim is to analyze if ableist norms related to time, adulthood, and sexuality is confirmed or challenged in these films. Four of the five films confirmed the ableist norm and used normalizing strategies to assimilate the disability position into normative life course and timeline. One of the films challenged the ableist implications of the normative timeline thus providing the possibility of crip time. Given media representations’ powerful dissemination of cultural values it is of great importance to scrutinize its underlying cultural values.
... The media treated her disability in varying ways, portraying her as the victim of a cruel disease; as a heroine who had overcome its consequences; as a silver medallist despite her disability; and as a silver medallist due to her disability forcing her to use new and effective training methods. The different ways of telling her story are similar to other media stereotypes of disabled people (Ljuslinder 2002). In 1952, after winning the silver medal, Hartel's achievements were commented on thus: ...
... Det är först under senare årtionden som afasiforskningen har börjat ta hänsyn till mer socialt inriktade frågor (Shadden, 2005), och nu växer det fram koncept som exempelvis LPAA 12 (Boles & Lewis, 2004), A-FROM 13 (Kagan m.fl., 2008) och LUNA 14 (Dipper & Cruice, 2018) där man inkluderar frågor som utanförskap, identitet och livskvalitet. Sådana sociala aspekter av att leva med afasi behöver förstås i relation till normer och konventioner när det gäller normalitet och funktionshinder, vilka bland annat upprätthålls av vilka inramningar funktionshinder ges i media (Ljuslinder, 2002, Ljuslinder, 2011. Trots det är forskning om afasi och media mycket ovanlig. ...
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Aphasia is an aquired language disability, most commonly caused by stroke. Since aphasia involves difficulties producing and/or understanding language, written as well as spoken, it entails a reduced ability and opportunity to author one’s own narrative. In the face of this reduced narrative agency (Baldwin, 2005), people who acquire aphasia need to renegotiate their identity. To do so they mirror their stories of self in social structures, including the contemporary communication landscape in which digital tools play an important part, but also norms and attitudes – strongly influenced by the media – towards people with language disabilities. Drawing on theories about the interplay between agency and social structures, this doctoral thesis aims to – by studying media representations of people with aphasia, stories of self authored by people with aphasia and literacy practices within a group of people with aphasia – examine narrative agency in people who live with aphasia in a society influenced by textual and digitally mediated communication. Three studies (A-C), presented in four articles, were conducted. Study A aimed at investigating narrative types in Swedish newspaper articles about living with aphasia. A majority of the newspapers contained stories in which the person with aphasia was talked about rather than talked to. In the few cases in which the person was given voice (or was assisted by a vicarious voice), the stories were mainly framed as success stories. Study B then aimed at examining stories of self authored by nine individuals with aphasia who were interviewed and then observed in social media. They applied a variety of strategies to manage their stigma (Goffman, 1963) and to navigate identity dilemmas (Bamberg, 2011). In addition, the participants experienced a higher degree of narrative agency when communicating in social media than in other practices. The key to this enhanced narrative agency was the multimodality offered by the digital tools. Finally, study C aimed at describing literacy practices within a group of people with aphasia attending an aphasia course at a Swedish folk high school. Ethnographic data were collected during three weeks. The group’s narrative agency was strongly influenced by the use of digital screens to access multimodal literacy practices and by co-creation of literacy events between group members in which they used each other’s abilities. To discuss the overall findings from all three studies, Bourdieus thinking tools linguistic capital, linguistic markets and legitimate language (1991) were used. Although aphasia means partial language loss, some linguistic capitals may remain. When a linguistic market includes multiple modalities, a person with aphasia may chose ways of communication based on her remaining abilities. Thus, her narrative agency increases when her remaining linguistic capitals correspond to what is considered legitimate language within a certain linguistic market. That was the case when the participants in study B and C engaged in multimodal literacy practices. But when the stories of people with aphasia are told in Swedish newspapers, they are portrayed with a low degree of narrative agency. In addition, the newspaper stories are framed as success stories, meaning that when people with aphasia renegotiate their stories of self, they mirror their stories in grand narratives about happy endings. Further research is suggested about representations of people with aphasia in other media types (with a higher degree of multimodality), but also about how the linguistic capitals of people with aphasia interact with other forms of social capital such as gender and class. Keywords: aphasia, disability, narrative agency, media representations, stories of self, social media, multimodality, literacy practices, Bourdieu The thesis is in Swedish, but there is an English summary.
... Men även andra aspekter som till exempel tillgänglighetsfrågor och funktionsnedsättningar har blivit föremål för olika studier (Lundälv, 2012;Lundälv et al, 2012). I Sverige har flera studier genomförts som har haft fokus på funktionshinder och mediernas rapporteringar och konstruktioner (Ljuslinder, 2002;Ghersetti, 2007;Lundälv, 2012;Larsson et al, 2016). ...
... This is our motivation for studying news press and we are especially interested in the spatialised power relations that media representations carry. We depart from the assumption that geographies are constantly mediatised (Halfacree, 1993;Jarosz & Lawson, 2002;Woods, 2011) and that this is essential given the constantly ongoing symbolic reproduction of cultural values that takes place in the media (Hall, 1997;Ljuslinder, 2002). This does not mean that geographies are determined by such mediatisation, but mediated representations often constitute and support dominant narratives that tend to 'colonise' people's life worlds (Lundgren, 2011;Massey, 2005;Vallström, 2014) and affect how public policy is formed and argued for or against (Marshall et al., 2005). ...
Article
Previous research has pointed to the fact that ideological images of geographies are bound up with the ongoing struggle for economic and social resources, and that moral values and emotions are central in rendering such images intelligible and accepted. To explore this further, we critically engage with the ways in which moral values and emotions contribute to the (re)production of centres and peripheries in the Swedish news press reports of public-sector job relocations. We deploy the discourse theoretical notion of ideological fantasy to critically explain the forces that make particular moral and emotional judgements comprehensible. We identify two discourses in the news press material – one about competence and one about compensation – built up by morally and emotionally charged articulations. We argue that ideological fantasies worked as driving forces both in this moral and emotional news debate and also in the ongoing constitution of geographies.
... The media treated her disability in varying ways, portraying her as the victim of a cruel disease; as a heroine who had overcome its consequences; as a silver medallist despite her disability; and as a silver medallist due to her disability forcing her to use new and effective training methods. The different ways of telling her story are similar to other media stereotypes of disabled people (Ljuslinder 2002). In 1952, after winning the silver medal, Hartel's achievements were commented on thus: ...
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The aim of this article is to analyse the life story of the Danish equestrian Lis Hartel. Hartel was an international top rider as proven by her silver medals in the Olympic Games in 1952 and 1956. She was one of few women competing at this level in a gender-mixed sport, the first woman to win an Olympic medal in the dressage event, and the only equestrian competitor who had suffered from polio. She also developed therapeutic training methods that inspired others. To understand Hartel’s status as an extraordinary sportswoman, her extreme efforts, training methods and high level of performance must be contextualized. In this article, the analysis of her life story focuses on how her accomplishments challenged contemporary constructions of gender and the body, as well as how her public persona was negotiated. The analytical framework has been informed by insights from gender and disability studies and the new biography.
... Det finns en rik forskningstradition som beskriver en "representationens politik", genom vilken frågor om kön, ras, klass och sexualitet skildras så att redan underordnade gruppers status befästs (Kellner, 2004). Ljuslinder (2002) beskriver hur personer med funktionsnedsättningar i Sveriges Television representeras med hjälp av så kallade normaliseringsuppvisningar. Genom att betona svårigheterna och ansträngningarna att uppnå d~t hegemomskt kulturellt normala och därigenom främst visa upp vad funktionshmdrade mte kan och inte når upp till, befästs deras underordning. ...
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... In this context I will also mention the doctoral dissertation of Karin Ljuslinder (2002) At Close Quarters no one is normal; Disability -discourses in Swedish Television 1956 In her dissertation Ljuslinder brings light on the public service media role in the discrepancy between political rhetoric and practice. Ljuslinder draws the conclusion that the amount of broadcast hours of disabled persons and programmes that deal with disability issues is the same as it was 1956. ...
... On the basis of previous research (cf. Lin et al. 2004;Ljuslinder 2002), we also presuppose that media content has an impact on people regarding self-identifications, approaches to other persons and on the way society's resource allocation is legitimised. ...
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From an international perspective, media representations of population ageing have been described as apocalyptic in character. In this article, we analyse the way population ageing is represented in three Swedish newspapers: Aftonbladet, Dagens Nyheter and Västerbottens-Kuriren. The aim is to investigate Swedish news-press representations of population ageing and the old age identities that they offer. We conduct qualitative analyses of the articulations between the verbal content and the use of illustrations, metaphorical language, headlines and captions using the concepts offered by discourse theory. The analysis of the material shows that the studied newspapers firmly position population ageing within a wider discourse of political economy and as a threat to the concept of welfare. Growth is promoted as a self-evident means for adjusting to the expected threat. Illustrations and metaphorical language helped to constitute population ageing as a serious, dichotomised (e.g. young vs. Old) and emotive (e.g. addressing anxiety and ear) problem. The analyses also show how the representations of population ageing bear some populist features, and we argue that such features support a de-politicisation of the phenomenon population ageing.
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Aphasia is a language impairment caused by acquired brain injury such as stroke. Public awareness about aphasia is low in Sweden as well as internationally. The media is an important source of information on aphasia, but research on how people with aphasia are portrayed in the media is scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to increase the knowledge about media representations of people living with aphasia, by studying Swedish journalistic newspaper articles. It focused on stories in which people with aphasia were included in the discussion rather than merely being the subject of the discussion. Drawing on framing theory and Frank’s typology of narrative types, a qualitative ethnographic content analysis was conducted. Swedish print media material published between 2007 and 2018 was collected and 84 articles were identified for inclusion in the analysis. The overall finding was that, within Swedish journalistic newspaper articles, living with aphasia is framed as a success story. Themes and sub-themes were identified within each narrative type, and we suggest expanding Frank’s typology with humour narratives and necessity narratives. Although several narrative types were identified in the studied articles, the overarching success story frame was predominant.
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The dominant discourse concerning older people used to be one of decline and loss. Lately, however, representations of old age have tended to be more diverse and two paradigms have been introduced - one framing enfeeblement and one framing new, positive roles for older people, conceptualized as successful ageing. The present article demonstrates how representations of vigorous elderly people are construed in the programme VeteranTV, produced by UR, Swedish educational television. Part of the aim of VeteranTV was to enhance the image of life after 65 in an anti-ageist spirit. The article discusses the images of vigorous elderly people with respect to their emphasis on sameness or difference, their age-coding, the discourses and subject positions emphasized in them, and not least, their possible ageism.
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The ageing of populations has been a topic of discussion during the last few decades, but how is this subject represented in the media, and what images of old age are produced? In this article we present the results of a quantitative content analysis that investigates how the concept of population ageing has been represented in Swedish local and national daily news press between 1988 and 2009, and the old age positions that are offered in these representations. We also use discourse analysis in order to qualitatively examine the ways in which the concept of population ageing is articulated in these news press articles and the old age positions that are thereby constituted. The results show that the concept is constituted as a naturalised expert concept, and is primarily used in order to contextualise articles about future political and economical difficulties or even crises. By articulating population ageing with both political policies, political economy and older people’s (as a group) reported need for care and services, population ageing was constituted as a political economic concern rather than a problem for the aged individual.
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The study describes the extent to which the concept of accessibility and accessibility issues has been reported in a national Scandinavian disability magazine. In this study particular attention is paid to how the compatibility between the various domains of the international classification - International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) - has been covered in the magazine over a decade. Furthermore, other types of descriptions that the magazine has made of accessibility for people with physical disabilities are considered. The study is based on a quantitative content analysis of a total of 326 articles from the Swedish disability magazine (SDM); 450 text pages published during the years 2000-2009. The magazine's coverage has been comprehensive. More than half of the studied texts were news items about various accessibility issues. Every third article can be characterised as a news article or feature article. The most frequently reported of the ICF domains consist of two perspectives: environmental accessibility and civil rights. Public opinion articles in the form of letters to editors and editorials focused on accessibility have a low frequency. Likewise, research reports are few. The study has included a review of illustrations and photographs. The illustrations are generally of high quality, reinforcing the disability message of the article.
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I argue that the lived experience of disabled people should be validated instead of a facile categorization. Thus far, a disabled sensibility is reduced to a categorical interpretation. Through my examination of a theoretical performance I illustrate how a disabled/able persona negates a disabled sensibility and allows an audience to experience the exotic disabled without examining their own `ableism'. Sobchack's and Clark's examinations demonstrate how both the techno-body and the cyberbody continue to devalue a disabled embodiment and sensibility. In the final section of the article I explore how Deleuze's concept of `difference in itself' can free disabled people from the concepts of identity, hierarchy, representation and categorization that have been employed to devalue their embodiment and sensibility. Moreover, I believe that Deleuze's alternative theory of `difference in itself' can validate a disabled embodiment and sensibility.
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In the 1980s and 1990s our understanding of disability has matured and evolved. This . . . collection of essays by Michael Oliver discusses recent and perennial issues—such as the fundamental principles of disability, citizenship and community care, social policy and welfare, education, rehabilitation, the politics of new social movements and the international context. Interwoven as these issues are with the personal biography of the author, they reflect some of the major concerns which confront disabled people. The book thus represents both a personal journey of exploration and an attempt to take further our theoretical understanding of disability. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
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From 1840 until 1940, freak shows by the hundreds crisscrossed the United States, from the smallest towns to the largest cities, exhibiting their casts of dwarfs, giants, Siamese twins, bearded ladies, savages, snake charmers, fire eaters, and other oddities. By today's standards such displays would be considered cruel and exploitative—the pornography of disability. Yet for one hundred years the freak show was widely accepted as one of America's most popular forms of entertainment. Robert Bogdan's fascinating social history brings to life the world of the freak show and explores the culture that nurtured and, later, abandoned it. In uncovering this neglected chapter of show business, he describes in detail the flimflam artistry behind the shows, the promoters and the audiences, and the gradual evolution of public opinion from awe to embarrassment. Freaks were not born, Bogdan reveals; they were manufactured by the amusement world, usually with the active participation of the freaks themselves. Many of the "human curiosities" found fame and fortune, becoming the celebrities of their time, until the ascent of professional medicine transformed them from marvels into pathological specimans.
75), för att åstadkomma en förändrad mediebild. För det första en vilja att använda funktionshindrade personer i medieproduktioner som skådespelare, programledare och såpastjärnor . För det andra en självklar involvering av funktionshindrade karaktärer i serier och i bakgrunden av serier
  • Det Behövs Tre Saker
  • Shakespeare
Det behövs tre saker, enligt Shakespeare (1997:75), för att åstadkomma en förändrad mediebild. För det första en vilja att använda funktionshindrade personer i medieproduktioner som skådespelare, programledare och såpastjärnor. För det andra en självklar involvering av funktionshindrade karaktärer i serier och i bakgrunden av serier, som staffagepersoner, allmänheten.
Forskningsprogrammet Televisionens idévärld: metod, Forskningsprogrammet Televisionens idévärld: metod, Forskningsprogrammet Televisionens idévärld: metod Stockholm: Stockholms universitet, Centrum för masskommunikations- forskning
  • G Andrén
Andrén, G, et al, 1986, Forskningsprogrammet Televisionens idévärld: metod, Forskningsprogrammet Televisionens idévärld: metod, Forskningsprogrammet Televisionens idévärld: metod Stockholm: Stockholms universitet, Centrum för masskommunikations- forskning
Narratology. Introduction to the theory of narrative Disabling imagery and the media: an exploration of the principles for mediarepresentations of disabled people
  • M-G Axelsson
Axelsson, M-G, 1999, Dagens Nyheter 3 januari Bal, M, 1985, Narratology. Introduction to the theory of narrative, Toronto: University of Toronto Press Barnes, C, 1992, Disabling imagery and the media: an exploration of the principles for mediarepresentations of disabled people, BCODP, London: Ryburn Publishing Ltd Barnes, C; Mercer, G, 1999, Granskning av den sociala handikappmodellen, I: Tideman, M (red), Handikapp – synsätt, principer, perspektiv, Stockholm: Johansson & Skyttmo Förlag
Disability and Gender: autonomy as an indication of adulthood
  • K Barron
Barron, K, 1997, Disability and Gender: autonomy as an indication of adulthood, Uppsala: Uppsala universitet hood, Uppsala: Uppsala universitet hood Barth, F, 1989, The Analysis of Culture in Complex Societies, I: Ethnos, nr 3-4, s. 102-142
Looking Good: a study of gendered body ideals among young people
  • R Barthes
Barthes, R, 1997, Mythologies, 1957, New York: Hill and Wang Bengs, C, 2000, Looking Good: a study of gendered body ideals among young people, Umeå universitet: Akademiska avhandlingar vid Sociologiska institutionen: 21
Politik, lag och praktik: implementeringen av 1994 års handikappreform The Body, Health and Eating Disorders Resisting Poverty: perspectives on participation and social development: the case of CRIC and the eastern rural region of Cauca in Colombia
  • H Bengtsson
Bengtsson, H, 1998, Politik, lag och praktik: implementeringen av 1994 års handikappreform, Lund: Studentlitteratur Benson, S, 1997 The Body, Health and Eating Disorders, I: Woodward, K (red), Identity and Difference, London: Sage Berglund, S, 1982, Resisting Poverty: perspectives on participation and social development: the case of CRIC and the eastern rural region of Cauca in Colombia, Umeå universitet: Akademiska avhandlingar vid Sociologiska institutionen: 65
Humor som samhällsmoral: svenskar och invandrare på den svenska TV-humorns arena Genealogi och sociologi: Nietzsche, Foucault och den sociala analysen
  • S Berglund
  • K Ljuslinder
Berglund, S; Ljuslinder, K, 1999, Humor som samhällsmoral: svenskar och invandrare på den svenska TV-humorns arena, Lund: Studentlitteratur Beronius, M, 1991, Genealogi och sociologi: Nietzsche, Foucault och den sociala analysen, Stockholm: Stehag: Brutus Östlings bokförlag Symposion Björklund, L, 1997, På nära håll är ingen normal, I: Arbetaren, nr 32
Story and Discourse: narrative structure in fi ction and fi lm Including All of Our Lives: renewing the social model of disability Exploring the Divide: illness and disability , Leeds: The Disability Press Cumberbatch, G; Negrine, R, 1992, Images of Disability on Television
  • S Chatman
Chatman, S, 1978, Story and Discourse: narrative structure in fi ction and fi lm, Ithaca: Cornell University Press Crow, L, 1996, Including All of Our Lives: renewing the social model of disability, I: Barnes, C; Mercer, G (eds), Exploring the Divide: illness and disability, Leeds: The Disability Press Cumberbatch, G; Negrine, R, 1992, Images of Disability on Television, London: Routledge Dahlén, P, 1991, Genrebegreppet och TV, Stockholms universitet, Institutio- Genrebegreppet och TV, Stockholms universitet, Institutio- Genrebegreppet och TV nen för journalistik, Medier och Kommunikation, nr 6
TV och våra kulturella referensramar. I: Hannerz, U (red), Medier och kulturer, Stockholm: Carlssons Dahlgren, P, 1995, Television and the Public Sphere: citizenship, democracy and the media Everywhere: disability on fi lm, I: Pointon, A
  • P Dahlgren
Dahlgren, P, 1990, TV och våra kulturella referensramar. I: Hannerz, U (red), Medier och kulturer, Stockholm: Carlssons Dahlgren, P, 1995, Television and the Public Sphere: citizenship, democracy and the media, London: Sage Darke, P, 1997, Everywhere: disability on fi lm, I: Pointon, A; Davies, C (eds), Framed: interrogating disability in the media, London: BFI
Normalization and then…? social research about disabilities -setting the agenda for the 90s Report from a symposium in Stockholm 2-3
  • A Gustavsson
  • M Söder
Gustavsson, A; Söder, M, 1993, Normalization and then…? social research about disabilities -setting the agenda for the 90s. Report from a symposium in Stockholm 2-3 July 1990, Vårdhöögskolan i Stockholm, FOU rapport 1993: 3
The Cultural Studies Reader Representation: cultural representations and signifying practices Tele-ology: studies in television, London: Routledge HCK – 50 år. Handikapprörelsen i samverkan – då, nu och i framtiden
  • S Hadenius
  • L Weibull
Hadenius, S; Weibull, L, 1997, Massmedier: en bok om press, radio och TV, Massmedier: en bok om press, radio och TV, Massmedier: en bok om press, radio och TV Stockholm: Bonnier Alba Hall, S, 1993, Encoding, Decoding, 1973, I: During, S (ed), The Cultural Studies Reader, London: Routledge Hall, S, 1997, Introduction, I: Hall, S (ed), Representation: cultural representations and signifying practices, London: Sage Publications Hartley, J, 1992, Tele-ology: studies in television, London: Routledge HCK – 50 år. Handikapprörelsen i samverkan – då, nu och i framtiden, 1992, Stockholm: Handikappförbundens tryckeri Heilig, M, 1999, Dagens Nyheter, 10 oktober Helmius, G, 1993, Kvinnor och handikapp – jungfrulig forskningsmark: en kommenterad bibliografi, Uppsala: Centrum för handikappforskning vid kommenterad bibliografi, Uppsala: Centrum för handikappforskning vid kommenterad bibliografi Uppsala universitet
Avvikande beteende: en sociologisk introduktion
  • M Hilte
Hilte, M, 1996, Avvikande beteende: en sociologisk introduktion, Lund: Stu- dentlitteratur
The Gender System: theoretical refl ections on the social subordination of women Svensk forskning om handikapp: en översikt med social-och beteendevetenskapliga perspektiv
  • Y Hirdman
Hirdman, Y, 1990, The Gender System: theoretical refl ections on the social subordination of women, Uppsala: Maktutredningen Hjelmquist, E; Rönnberg, J; Söder, M, 1994, Svensk forskning om handikapp: en översikt med social-och beteendevetenskapliga perspektiv, Stockholm: Socialvetenskapliga forskningsrådet
Screening Stereotypes: images of disabled people in television and motion pictures Images of The Disabled , Disabling Images Höga klackar och rullstol: en könsteoretisk studie av kvinnor med livslångt funktionshinder, I: Kvinnovetenskaplig tidskrift
  • P Longmore
Longmore, P, 1987, Screening Stereotypes: images of disabled people in television and motion pictures, I: Gartner, A; Joe, T (eds), Images of The Disabled, Disabling Images, New York: Praeger Publishers Lundgren, A-S, 2000, Tre år i G, Eslöv: Brutus Östlings bokförlag Sympo- Tre år i G, Eslöv: Brutus Östlings bokförlag Sympo- Tre år i G sion Malmberg, D, 1996, Höga klackar och rullstol: en könsteoretisk studie av kvinnor med livslångt funktionshinder, I: Kvinnovetenskaplig tidskrift, nr 3- Kvinnovetenskaplig tidskrift, nr 3- Kvinnovetenskaplig tidskrift 4
Mental Retardation as a Western Sociological Construct: a cross-cultural analysis, I: Disability
  • M Manoni
  • H Berzani
Manoni, M, L; Berzani, H, A, 1987, Mental Retardation as a Western Sociological Construct: a cross-cultural analysis, I: Disability, Handicap & Society, vol. 2, nr 3
The Cinema of Isolation: a history of physical disability in the movies
  • M Norden
Norden, M, 1994, The Cinema of Isolation: a history of physical disability in the movies, New Brunswick, N J: Rutgers University Press Norstedts stora ordbok, 1986, Stockholm Norstedts stora svenska ordbok, 1990, Stockholm Odelberg, J, 1999, Tänk om vi är två, SJ, I: Aftonbladet 10 januari
Understanding Disability: from theory to practice Final Accounts and The Parasite People. I: Funktionsnedsättning och handikapp: försörjnings-och vårdformer från medeltiden t o m 1800-talet
  • M Oliver
Oliver, M, 1996, Understanding Disability: from theory to practice, London: Macmillan Press Ltd Oliver, M, 1999, Final Accounts and The Parasite People. I: Corker, M; French, M (eds), Disability Discourse, London: Open University Press Olsson, C, 1982, Funktionsnedsättning och handikapp: försörjnings-och vårdformer från medeltiden t o m 1800-talet, Umeå universitet, etnologiska instiformer från medeltiden t o m 1800-talet, Umeå universitet, etnologiska instiformer från medeltiden t o m 1800-talet tutionen, C-uppsats
Omsorg och kontroll: folkligt och lärt i synen på funktionshindrade i Sverige 1750-1830, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kultur och medier, licentiatavhandling i etnologi Olsson, Å, 1991, 2:a omarb. uppl., Maktens krönikörer: journalistik som myt och verklighet
  • C Olsson
Olsson, C, 1999 Omsorg och kontroll: folkligt och lärt i synen på funktionshindrade i Sverige 1750-1830, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kultur och medier, licentiatavhandling i etnologi Olsson, Å, 1991, 2:a omarb. uppl., Maktens krönikörer: journalistik som myt och verklighet, Stockholm : Fischer och verklighet, Stockholm : Fischer och verklighet
2:a omarb. uppl., Maktens krönikörer: journalistik som myt och verklighet
  • Å Olsson
Olsson, Å, 1991, 2:a omarb. uppl., Maktens krönikörer: journalistik som myt och verklighet, Stockholm : Fischer och verklighet, Stockholm : Fischer och verklighet
Från patient till medborgare – en nationell handlingsplan för handikappolitiken Prop Radio och TV i allmänhetens tjänst
  • Prop
Prop. 1999/2000:79, Från patient till medborgare – en nationell handlingsplan för handikappolitiken Prop. 2000/01:94, Radio och TV i allmänhetens tjänst 2002 -2005
The Body and Society: explorations in social theory Regulating Bodies: essays in medical sociology Sporten i spalterna: sportjournalistikens utveckling i svensk dagspress under 100 år
  • B Turner
Turner, B, S, 1984, The Body and Society: explorations in social theory, Oxford: Blackwell Turner, B, S, 1992, Regulating Bodies: essays in medical sociology, London: Sage Wallin, U, 1998, Sporten i spalterna: sportjournalistikens utveckling i svensk dagspress under 100 år, Göteborg: Institutionen för journalistik och masskommunikation, (JMG)
Sportsidorna i TV:s skugga, I: JMG Granskaren
  • U Wallin
Wallin, U, 2000, Sportsidorna i TV:s skugga, I: JMG Granskaren, nr 1
Hade cancer -nu är hon fotomodell, I: Aftonbladet, 6 okto-Aftonbladet, 6 okto-Aftonbladet ber
  • K Weigl
Weigl, K, 1998, Hade cancer -nu är hon fotomodell, I: Aftonbladet, 6 okto-Aftonbladet, 6 okto-Aftonbladet ber
Depictions of Disability. Metaphor, Messages and Medium in the Media: a research and political agenda, I: The Social Science Journal
  • I Zola
Zola, I K, 1985, Depictions of Disability. Metaphor, Messages and Medium in the Media: a research and political agenda, I: The Social Science Journal, The Social Science Journal, The Social Science Journal vol. 22, nr 4
informationsbroschyr i samband med 50-årsjubiléet av FN:s allmänna förklaring om de mänskliga rättigheterna Althusser, L, 1971, Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays
Allmän förklaring om de mänskliga rättigheterna 1948 -1998, 1998, informationsbroschyr i samband med 50-årsjubiléet av FN:s allmänna förklaring om de mänskliga rättigheterna Althusser, L, 1971, Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays, New York: Monthly Review Press Andersson, B, 1987, Myter i dagsljus: förnuft och oförnuft i handikapphistorien, Bollnäs: Inferi Andersson, B, 1993, Inte som andra: en historia om mångfald, Bollnäs: Inferi Inte som andra: en historia om mångfald, Bollnäs: Inferi Inte som andra: en historia om mångfald
Mäktiga massmedier: studier i politisk opinionsbildning, Stock-Mäktiga massmedier: studier i politisk opinionsbildning, Stock-Mäktiga massmedier: studier i politisk opinionsbildning holm: Akademilitteratur Avtal mellan staten och Sveriges Television
  • A Arvidsson
Arvidsson, A, 1996, Berättandets betydelser, I: Ehn, B (red), Kultur och erfarenhet: aktuella teman i svensk etnologi, Stockholm: Carlssons Asp, K, 1986, Mäktiga massmedier: studier i politisk opinionsbildning, Stock-Mäktiga massmedier: studier i politisk opinionsbildning, Stock-Mäktiga massmedier: studier i politisk opinionsbildning holm: Akademilitteratur Avtal mellan staten och Sveriges Television 1978 1982 1987 1993 1997
Dagens Nyheter 3 januari
  • M-G Axelsson
Axelsson, M-G, 1999, Dagens Nyheter 3 januari
Resisting Poverty: perspectives on participation and social development: the case of CRIC and the eastern rural region of Cauca in Colombia
  • H Bengtsson
Bengtsson, H, 1998, Politik, lag och praktik: implementeringen av 1994 års handikappreform, Lund: Studentlitteratur Benson, S, 1997 The Body, Health and Eating Disorders, I: Woodward, K (red), Identity and Difference, London: Sage Berglund, S, 1982, Resisting Poverty: perspectives on participation and social development: the case of CRIC and the eastern rural region of Cauca in Colombia, Umeå universitet: Akademiska avhandlingar vid Sociologiska institutionen: 65
Jag är mina förfäders minne, I: Le Monde diplomatique -på svenska
  • R Bogdan
Bogdan, R, 1988, Freak Show: presenting human oddities for amusement and profi t, Chicago: University of Chicago Press profi t, Chicago: University of Chicago Press profi t Brune, Y, 1997, Journalistikens Andra: invandrare och fl yktingar i nyheterna, Nordicom-Information, nr 4, Göteborg: NORDICOM Butler, J, 1990, Gender Trouble: feminism and the subversion of identity, New York: Routledge Calais van Stokkom, S, 1999, Quo Vadis ICIDH? om arbetet med revision av den internationella handikappklassifi kationen, Föredrag vid den 7:e forskningskonferensen om Människa-Handikapp-Livsvillkor, Örebro Chao, R, 2001, Jag är mina förfäders minne, I: Le Monde diplomatique -på svenska, nr 7, aug, s. 3-6
Including All of Our Lives: renewing the social model of disability
  • S Chatman
Chatman, S, 1978, Story and Discourse: narrative structure in fi ction and fi lm, Ithaca: Cornell University Press Crow, L, 1996, Including All of Our Lives: renewing the social model of disability, I: Barnes, C;
Medier och kulturer, Stockholm: Carlssons Dahlgren, P, 1995, Television and the Public Sphere: citizenship, democracy and the media
  • P Dahlgren
Dahlgren, P, 1990, TV och våra kulturella referensramar. I: Hannerz, U (red), Medier och kulturer, Stockholm: Carlssons Dahlgren, P, 1995, Television and the Public Sphere: citizenship, democracy and the media, London: Sage Darke, P, 1997, Everywhere: disability on fi lm, I: Pointon, A; Davies, C (eds), Framed: interrogating disability in the media, London: BFI
Fjersynsdokumentar i forandring, Paper presenterat vid Fjersynsdokumentar i forandring, Paper presenterat vid Fjersynsdokumentar i forandring den 14:e nordiska konferensen i medie-och kommunikationsforskning
  • C Davies
  • Svenska Filminstitutet
  • Millenniekommittén Riksutställningar
  • J Diesen
Davies, C, 1997, Windows on the World -Almost! I: Pointon, A; Davies, C (eds), Framed: interrogating disability in the media, London: BFI Dean, J, 1996, Solidarity of Strangers: feminism after identity politics, Berkeley: University of California Press Den rörliga bildens historia, 2000, utställningsbroschyr, Svenska Filminstitutet, Riksutställningar, Millenniekommittén Diesen, J, A, 1999, Fjersynsdokumentar i forandring, Paper presenterat vid Fjersynsdokumentar i forandring, Paper presenterat vid Fjersynsdokumentar i forandring den 14:e nordiska konferensen i medie-och kommunikationsforskning, Kungälv Kungälv Durkheim, E, 1997, The Division of Labour in Society, 1893, New York: Free Press Ekensteen, V, 1996, Från objekt till subjekt i sitt eget liv. I: Tideman, M (red), Perspektiv på funktionshinder och handikapp, Stockholm: Johansson & Skyttmo förlag Enzensberger, H, M, 1993, Inbördes krig, Stockholm: Norstedt Inbördes krig, Stockholm: Norstedt Inbördes krig Ett samhälle för alla, 1972, handlingsprogram, HCK
Disability. Feeble Monsters: 'making up' disabled people, I: Briggs, A; Cobley
  • J Evans
Evans, J, 1998, Disability. Feeble Monsters: 'making up' disabled people, I: Briggs, A; Cobley;
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