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Abstract
Five major flavonoids induced by chitin in Cephalocereus senilis cell suspension cultures have been reported previously. We describe here five minor induced flavonoids including two new and three known ones. The two new compounds are (2S)-5,6,7-trihydroxyflavanone 7-glucoside and baicalein 7-(6''-malonylglucoside).
... The structure of the compound (1) was established as that known flavonoid chrysin. The structure was confirmed by comparison with literature data (Liu et al. 2010; Liu et al. 1993). Chrysin 7-O-(β-D-glucopyranoside) obtained as a yellow powder separated after filtration of a precipitated product from a fraction of column chromatography on silica gel after cooling the Acetate extract phase of the methanolic extract of Calycotome spinosa (L.).Lamk. ...
... The EIMS of the compound (2) showed a molecular ion peak at m/z : 416, which taken in conjunction with the 13 C NMR spectroscopic analysis, indicated the molecular formula C 21 H 20 O 9 . The UV spectrum exhibited absorption maxima at 268 (MeOH) nm (band II) and 306 nm (band I) that are characteristic absorption bands of flavone skeleton (Liu et al. 1993). Its mass spectrum showed a peak at m/z: 255 indicating the loss for aglycone [aglycone + H] + . 1 H-NMR (500 MHz, DMSO_d 6 ) : 12.81 (s, HO-C5) 8.08 (2H, d, J 6.5 Hz, H-C2' and ...
... DEPT experiment indicated the presence of one methylene carbone (δ 60.60 ppm) and seven quaternary carbons. On the basis of the above evidence and by comparison with literature data for analogues compounds (Pistelli et al. 2003; Liu et al. 2010; Liu et al. 1993; Markham et al. 1982). The structure of the compound (2) was established as a known flavonoid Chrysin -7-O- (β-D-glucopyranoside). ...
The known flavone, chrysin (1) and the known flavone glycoside, chrysin-7-O-(β-D-glucopyranoside) (2) to-gether with vomifoliol, loliode and cinnamic acid have been isolated for the first time from the leaves and flowers of Ca-lycotome spinosa (L.). Lamk, theirs structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic technical; 1 H-, 13 C-NMR, 2D NMR and MS (I.E).
... 9 On this basis compound 2 was characterized as chrysin, a flavone previously known from many plants. The third compound (3) appeared as brown crystals that melted at 265-266 o C. 10 The HR-EIMS of compound (3) showed the molecular ion peak at m/z 270.2438 [M + ], which led to establish the molecular formula as C 15 H 10 O 5 . The 13 C NMR spectrum ( Table 2) exhibited 15 carbon signals, which were accounted for seven methine and eight quaternary carbons. ...
... These spectral data of 3 were consistent with those reported for baicalein (3). 10 ...
p>Three additional flavonoids such as 5,7,4′-trihydroxy-3,8,3′-trimethoxy flavonol ( 1 ), 5,7-dihydroxyflavone (chrysin, 2 ) and 5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone (baicalein, 3 ) were obtained from the methanol extract of whole plant of Polygonum viscosum . The structure of the isolated compounds was established exclusively by ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy, mass spectrometry (MS) and a series of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 15(1): 27-30, 2016 (June)</p
... Seven flavonoids were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of the crude ethanol extract of the aerial parts of H. caspica based on a bioassay-guided fractionation. After comparing their physicochemical and spectrometric data with those reported in literature, they were identified as known compounds and confirmed as luteolin (1) [21], chrysin (2) [22] , chrysin 7-O-β-D-gluco- pyranoside (3) [23], quercetin (4) [24], quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5) [25,26] , isorhamentin- 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6) [25,27], and isorhamentin-3-O-β-D-rutinoside (7) [24], whose structures are shown inFigure 1. There are about 100 genera including 1,400 species in Chenopodiaceae family around the World [18]. ...
Seven flavonoids have been isolated from the aerial parts of Halostachys caspica C. A. Mey. (Chenopodiaceae) for the first time. By means of physicochemical and spectrometric analysis, they were identified as luteolin (1), chrysin (2), chrysin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), quercetin (4), quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), isorhamentin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), and isorhamentin-3-O-β-D-rutinoside (7). All flavonoids were evaluated to show a broad antimicrobial spectrum of activity on microorganisms including seven bacterial and one fungal species as well as pronounced antioxidant activity. Among them, the aglycones with relatively low polarity had stronger bioactivity than their glycosides. The results suggested that the isolated flavonoids could be used for future development of antimicrobial and antioxidant agents, and also provided additional data for supporting the use of H. caspica as forage.
... However, it proved more effective when supplemented with MeJA in this system (Sanchez-Sampedro et al., 2005a). Chitin elicited the production of several new flavonoids in cactus (Cephalocereus senilis) cell cultures (Liu et al., 1993). YE applied to the hairy root culture of S. miltiorrhiza improved both the growth of the roots and the accumulation of rosmarinic and lithospermic B acids, preceded by a significant rise in tyrosine aminotransferase activity (Chen et al., 2001; Yan et al., 2006). ...
Plant in vitro cultures are able to produce and accumulate many medicinally valuable secondary metabolites. Antioxidants are an important group of medicinal preventive compounds as well as being food additives inhibiting detrimental changes of easily oxidizable nutrients. Many different in vitro approaches have been used for increased biosynthesis and the accumulation of antioxidant compounds in plant cells. In the present review some of the most active antioxidants derived from plant tissue cultures are described; they have been divided into the main chemical groups of polyphenols and isoprenoids, and several examples also from other chemical classes are presented. The strategies used for improving the antioxidants in vitro production efficiency are also highlighted, including media optimization, biotransformation, elicitation, Agrobacterium transformation and scale-up.
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