... Similarly, it follows that, when pests are controlled, fruit production increases (Grass, Bohle, Tscharntke, & Westphal, 2018;Lundin et al., 2017). While past strawberry research emphasizes the importance of pollination services (Connelly, Poveda, & Loeb, 2015;Hodgkiss, Brown, & Fountain, 2018;Klatt et al., 2014;MacInnis & Forrest, 2019), we show that it is necessary to understand the implications of insect pollination in imperfect systems, such as organic urban farms, where pathogen and pest damage may be higher compared with conventional agricultural systems (Crowder, Northfield, Strand, & Snyder, 2010). Other studies in urban settings have shown that for certain crops, such as cucumber and tomato, bee visitation results in higher fruit productivity when wild bees are the dominant pollinators, as was the case in our study (Lowenstein, Matteson, & Minor, 2015;Potter & LeBuhn, 2015). ...