The Turmeric (Curcuma longa) has been analysed for the main phytochemical composition nutrients including mineral, Phenolic compounds, Tannins, Flavonoids, Curcumin in crude plant powder , curcumin in etheric extract and ethanolic extract. The Phytochemical screening of chemical constituents of the plant in different solvents showed that the Turmeric contains : Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Steroids, Carbohydrate, Terpenoids, Tannins, Coumarins, Saponins, Quinones, Proteins and Phenolic compounds .The quantitative contents of phenolic compounds were (±14.5000.70) mg/100gm, Tannins (6.75 ±360.75) mg/100gm, while Flavonoids, Curcumin in crude plant powder, curcumin in etheric and ethanolic extract were [ (0.29±8.873), ) 2.490 (0.098±,)1.150± 0.02) and (24.680±0.13)] % respectively .The moisture, total solid, carbohydrate, crude protein, total fat fibre and ash were found to be equal (6.152±0.27) % , (93.848±0.27) % , (36±8.48) % , (7.737) % , (2.637±0.22) % , (23.280±1.23) % and (8.860±0.03)% respectively .The energy value was (205.881)kcal/100gm with important amount of essential elements (K, Mg, Na, Fe, Ca, Zn, Mn, Cr, Co, Ni and N).
The effect of Turmeric powder , Ethereic and Ethanolic extract on the levels of antioxidant parameters , lipid profile and liver function were carried out on experimental female rabbits .
The animals were divide into ten groups which include:-
-C: As control group treated with H2O2 (0.5)%.to induced oxidative stress.
-G1 , G2 , G3: orally treated with (25,50,75) mg/Kg/day of TRP and H2O2 (0.5)%.
-G4 , G5 ,G6: orally treated with (2 , 3 , 4) mg/Kg/day of etheric extract and H2O2(0.5)%..
-G7 , G8 ,G9: orally treated with (2 , 3 , 4) mg/Kg/day of ethanolic extract and H2O2(0.5)%..
The results indicated that the levels of GPX , GSH and Albumin were significantly increased in all groups (G1-G9) except G2 in GSH compared to control group (C), while the levels of peroxy nitrate and MDA were significantly decreased in all groups compared to control group (C). The results also indicated that the level of total proteins were significantly increased in all experimental groups except in groups G1,G3 and G6 .
Total cholesterol levels were significantly decreased in groups G1 ,G3 ,G4 and G9 in compared to control group.
The levels of triglycerides and VLDL were significantly decreased in all experimental groups except groups G3 and G7 ,LDL-C were also significantly decreased in all experimental groups except in G2, In contrast, the levels of HDL-C was significantly increased in all groups except G9 , while in G1 ,G2 and G3 were significantly decreased compared to control group (C).
Results of blood glucose showed a significantly decreased in all experimental groups except G1 ,G8 and G9 compared to control group (C).
There were also significant decrease in the levels of ALT ,AST and ALP in all groups except group G7 for AST and groups G4 , G6 and G7 for ALP .