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Effect of Certain Micronutrients on Some Agronomic Characters, Chemical Constituents and Alternaria Leaf Spot Disease of Faba Bean
Abstract
Two field experiments were carried out at Etay El-Baroud Agricultural Research Station, El-Behera Governorate during 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 seasons to study the effects of foliar application with micronutrients on yield and yield components of faba bean (c.v. Misr 1). A randomized complete blocks design with 3 replications was used. Results showed that, spraying with Fe+Zn+Mn increased yield and yield components, while, the highest no. of branches/plant were found with Fe+Zn, in the combined data. Also, chemical constituent, chlorophyll A, chlorophyll B, reducing sugars and the non-reducing sugars significantly increased in all treatments spray with micronutrients compared with non-treated (control). Meanwhile, Alternaria leaf spot incidence on treated plants significantly decreased 18.2-60.5% compared with non-treated control plants. The results concluded that, spraying Fe, Zn and Mn alone or combination could be recommend to control leaf spots and to enhance yield and quality of faba bean under the environmental conditions.
... Necat Togay et al., (2004) and Nasri et al., (2011) reported that number of branches along with plant height increased in dry bean with soil application of zinc and foliar application of zinc significantly, improved the plant height, number of branches, radiation use efficiency and extinction coefficient in Phaseolousvulgaris. Plant height was higher in alternaria infected fababean with foliar spraying of Zinc (Usama et al., 2013). ...
... The lowest number of branch/plant was observed (1.33) in T0 (control) treatment. Earlier studies indicated that number of branches/plant increases with application of zinc and boron in soybean (Sarker et al., 2002), in dry bean (Necat Togay et al., 2004), in Faba bean Usama et al., 2013). ...
... It has been reported that B 1.5 kg ha -1 resulted in maximum yield, low cost benefit ratio in soybean (Devi et al., 2012;Vaseghi et al., 2013) reported that application of B 1 kgha -1 improves biological yield, seed yield and harvest index in soybean, Mahmud et al., (2006) stated that N 40 kg nitrogen per fadden along with 50-100 ppm boron enhanced number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, seed yield per plant, straw and seed yield. Zn and B application improves growth and yield in pigeopea (Varma et al., 2004), Usama et al., (2013) stated in fababean, Siddaraju (2012) in cluster bean, Nalini et al., (2013) in blackgram, Madani et al., (2007) andVahid et al., (2010) in soybean, Rathod et al., (2020) in chick pea.. Grain yield and yield components were increased by foliar application of zinc sulphate along with manganese sufphate (Seifinadergholi et al., 2011). ...
An experiment was conducted during Kharif-1 of 2022 at Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Substation, Satkhira to know the effect of foliar application of micronutrients (zinc and boron) on the growth and yield of mungbean. There were three levels of zinc (Zn) (0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%) and boron (B) (0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%) along with a blanket dose of urea (35 kg ha-1, triple super phosphate (TSP) (80 kg ha-1), murite of potash (MoP) (40 kg ha-1) and Sulphur (60 kg ha-1). The growth and yield of mungbean was significantly affected by foliar application of different levels of Zn and B. Results revealed that foliar application of Zn at the rate of 0.6% and at the rate of B 0.6% along with recommended dose at 45 days after sowing increases the branches/plant, fresh weight (g), dry weight (g), chlorophyll content, flower/plant, pod/plant, seed/pod thereby increase seed yield. Therefore, the foliar spray of 0.6% Zn significantly increased and influenced 1000 seed weight (g), decreased days to flowering, increased number of seed/pod and yield ton/ha along with blanket dose of Urea, TSP, MoP, gypsum might be considered as suitable dose for mungbean production in southern region of Bangladesh.
... Commercial Zn 12.5 and Mn 12.5% were used in the experiments. Micronutrients were sprayed at 4 gm/L., Abd El-Razek et al. (2012). B-Plant extracts: Plant extracts were used as foliar spraying at three times, the first at 1 st February, the second at 1 st March, and then the third at 1 st April. ...
... These results could be due to the role of micronutrients such as Mn and Zn have several important roles in the plant, including, photosynthesis, chlorophyll synthesis, protein synthesis, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, Hafeez et al. (2013). These results agreed with those reported by Abd El-Razek et al. (2012) in faba bean, Hanafy et al (2012) in Schefflera arboricola and Nour Eldeen (2014) in Salvia officinalis plants ...
... The wide range of antifungal, antibacterial and antifungal activity of garlic extract has been widely attributed to the high concentrations of sulphurcontaining compounds it possesses, Khadri et al. (2010). These results are in agreement by Ahmed (2004), Abdel Radi (2012), Abd El-Razek et al. (2012) and Ibrahim (2014). ...
... To find out possibilities of replacing fungicides with other products viz., nutrients and plant extracts were tested in vitro Under in vitro conditions, among tested nutrients (copper, calcium, zinc, magnesium, potassium, iron and boron), copper sulphate showed maximum inhibition of mycelial growth followed by zinc sulphate (48.21%). These results are in support with findings of Chowdary et al. (2011), Usama et al. (2013), Shoaib et al. (2015 against Alternaria alternata. They assessed different doses of copper [Cu (II)] metal in vitro in terms of growth and physiology. ...
... The minimum disease intensity and the highest fruit yield were recorded with copper sulphate followed by zinc sulphate. These results are parallel to the findings of Chowdary et al. (2011) and Usama et al. (2013) against Alternaria diseases of fababean and mulberry, respectively. Kumar et al. (2015) have also been recorded minimum disease index on leaf over check by foliar spray with 0.5% CaSO 4 (23.58%) ...
... To find out possibilities of replacing fungicides with other products viz., nutrients and plant extracts were tested in vitro Under in vitro conditions, among tested nutrients (copper, calcium, zinc, magnesium, potassium, iron and boron), copper sulphate showed maximum inhibition of mycelial growth followed by zinc sulphate (48.21%). These results are in support with findings of Chowdary et al. (2011), Usama et al. (2013), Shoaib et al. (2015 against Alternaria alternata. They assessed different doses of copper [Cu (II)] metal in vitro in terms of growth and physiology. ...
... The minimum disease intensity and the highest fruit yield were recorded with copper sulphate followed by zinc sulphate. These results are parallel to the findings of Chowdary et al. (2011) and Usama et al. (2013) against Alternaria diseases of fababean and mulberry, respectively. Kumar et al. (2015) have also been recorded minimum disease index on leaf over check by foliar spray with 0.5% CaSO 4 (23.58%) ...
Studies with nutrients and phyto-extracts were performed in vitro and in vivo to assess their potential in controlling Alternaria blight of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L., syn. = Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) caused by Alternaria alternata. It has become a severe menace to the growers of Rajasthan in India and in general causes economic losses under changing climatic scenario. In the present study, seven nutritional elements (copper, calcium, zinc, magnesium, potassium, iron and boron) at 100, 300 and 500 ppm concentration and seven botanicals (Calotropis gigantea, Alstonia scholaris, Gingiber officinale, Allium sativum, Azadirachta indica, Datura stramonium and Aloe barbadensis) at 5, 10 and 15% concentrations were evaluated in vitro by poisoned food technique. In field experiments, further these nutrients (at 0.5% conc.) and plant extracts (at 10% conc.) were assessed by two foliar applications to control the disease. The results of in vitro studies with copper and zinc showed the most significant antifungal activity at all tested concentrations. In botanicals, the 100% inhibition of mycelial growth was obtained with garlic extract at 10% concentration. In field conditions, two foliar applications of copper sulphate (0.5%) were proved the most effective in reducing disease intensity (46.94%) and in increasing fruit yield (43.75%) followed by zinc sulphate. In plant extracts, garlic extract (10%) proved superior in reducing disease intensity (58.16%) and in increasing fruit yield (49.47%) followed by neem leaf extract. The results of this study indicate that foliar application garlic extract has great potential to be used to manage disease effectively and eco-friendly for the betterment of the end users. In lieu of consumer health, present findings may be helpful for growers to get extra benefits by producing organic tomato.
... Sta., Fac. Agric., Cairo Univ., during 2011/2012and 2012/2013 seasons to study the effect of five foliar application of micronutrients (F1: control "spraying water only, F2: Fe+ Mn at 5 g L -1 , F3: Fe+Zn at 5g L -1 , F4: Mn+Zn at 5 g L -1 and F5: Fe+Mn+Zn at 5 g L -1 ) on yield and seed quality of three cultivars of faba bean (Giza 3, Sakha 1 and Giza 716). A spilt plot design in a randomized complete blocks arrangement with three replications was used. ...
... Salem and El-Gizawy (2012) found that micronutrients fertilization using Fe+Zn+Mn treatment was the most effective on yield and its components. Abd El-Razek et al. (2013) found that spraying with Fe+Zn+Mn increased yield and yield components, while, the highest number of branches/plant were found with Fe+Zn, in the combined data. Also, total chlorophyll significantly increased in all treatments sprayed with micronutrients compared with non-treated (control). ...
... Mengel et al., (2001), Rehm and Sims(2006) and Fageria, 2009 indicted that micronutrients fertilizers are being applied to increase faba bean growth and play important role in yield improvement. Usama et al. (2013) reported that foliar application with Fe + Zn + Mn increased yield and yield components of faba bean. In addition, Atiia et al. (2016) showed that foliar application with micronutrients significantly increased faba bean yield and yield attributes as well as seed quality. ...
Bu çalışmada, bakla bitkisine topraktan farklı Fe kaynakları (Fe-EDTA, Fe-DTPA, Fe-EDDHA, Fe-HBED, Fe-HUMAT, Fe-NANO FeSO4 ve Fe-SİTRAT) uygulanmış ve bitkinin aktif ve toplam Fe içerikleri ile bazı besin element içerikleri üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre 4 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülen denemede toprağa 10 mg kg-1 düzeyinde Fe uygulanmıştır. Bakla bitkisinde en yüksek kuru ağırlık asit toprakta Fe-DTPA uygulamasında, alkalin ve kireçli toprakta ise Fe-EDDHA uygulamasından elde edilmiştir. Asit toprakta Fe-EDTA ve Fe-EDDHA, alkalin toprakta Fe-EDDHA ve Fe-EDTA uygulamalarında bitkide en yüksek toplam ve aktif Fe içeriği saptanmıştır. Kireçli toprakta ise Fe-EDDHA ile birlikte Fe-DTPA ve Fe-HBED uygulamalarında en yüksek toplam ve aktif Fe içeriği elde edilmiştir. Demir uygulamaları ile birlikte bitkinin P ve K içeriklerinin kontrolden düşük olduğu ve bitkilerin P bakımından yetersiz beslendiği saptanmıştır. Asit toprakta yetiştirilen bitkilerin Mn içeriğinin yaklaşık 5-8 kat daha fazla olduğu belirlenmiş olup; Fe-EDTA ve Fe-EDDHA uygulamalarında bitkinin Mn, Zn ve Cu içeriklerinin genellikle en yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Tüm parametrelere göre değerlendirildiğinde; asit reaksiyonlu toprakta Fe-EDTA ve Fe-DTPA, alkalin reaksiyonlu toprakta Fe-EDDHA ve Fe-EDTA, kireçli toprakta ise Fe-EDDHA, Fe-HBED ve Fe-HUMAT uygulamaları önerilebilir.
Bu araştırmada, bazı makarnalık buğday çeşitlerinin fenolojik dönemlerinde farklı dozlarda uygulanan mineral gübre uygulamalarının pas hastalığının şiddeti üzerine etkileri 2018-2019 yetiştirme sezonunda araştırılmıştır. Makarnalık (Kızıltan 91, Eminbey, Çeşit-1252 ve Mirzabey) ve standart buğday çeşitlerine (Morocco ve Little Clup) kardeşlenmeden sapa kalkma dönemine kadar olan farklı dozlarda Fe (Fe5, Fe10, Fe20), Zn (Zn7.5, Zn15, Zn30) ve kombinasyonları (Fe+Zn (5+7.5), Fe+Zn (10+15), Fe+Zn (20+30)) uygulanmıştır. Farklı dozda gübre uygulamalarına karşın hastalık şiddetindeki değişimler 4 farklı fenolojik dönemde ArcGIS‘ın “Image Classification” modülünde kontrolsüz sınıflandırma yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Gübre uygulaması yapılmayan çeşitlerle kıyaslandığında, erken dönemde makarnalık Kızıltan-91 ve Çeşit-1252 çeşitlerinde Fe ve Zn gübre uygulamalarının tüm dozlarda hastalık şiddetinde azalmaya neden olmuştur. Eminbey çeşidinde Fe, Zn ve Fe+Zn gübre dozu uygulamalarında hastalık şiddetinde değişen düzeylerde artışlar belirlenirken, en fazla artışlar orta-geç dönemde (+%200) saptanmıştır. Mirzabey 2000 çeşidi için Fe gübre dozu uygulamalarında hastalık şiddetinde azalmaların, daha çok erken dönemde (-%16.69) olduğu değerlendirilmiştir.
Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is one of the major leguminous crops grown in the world. It is important source of protein for humans and animals. A 2-yr field study was carried out in the Research and Experimental Center of Faculty of Agriculture at Moshtohor, Benha University, Egypt, during 2006/2007 and 2007/2008 seasons. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of six phosphorus (P) fertilizer treatments [0, 15, 30 kg P O , phosphate dissolving bacteria (PDB), PDB + 15 kg P O and PDB+3 2 5 2 5 0 kg P2O5/ fed] and four spraying treatments with Zinc [Tap water, 0.02, 0.04 and 0.06% as Zn EDTA(14% Zn)] on yield, yield components and chemical contents of faba bean seeds cv. Giza 843. Adding 30 kg P2O5 mixed with PDB markedly increased plant height, No. of branches and pods/plant, 100-seed weight, seed yield/plant, seed and straw yields/fed, protein%, N%, P%, N and P uptake. The results indicated that there were significant differences between foliar applications of zinc treatments in all traits studied. The maximum values of 100-seed weight, seed yield/plant and seed yield/fed were 71.86 g, 28.10 g and 1.657 ton, respectively, when plants received 0.04% Zn EDTA. The interaction between phosphorus and zinc treatments were significantly affected on plant height, No. of branches/plant, seed yield/fed, P%, N and P uptake in the combined analysis. Generally, it can be concluded that adding 30 kg P2O5 mixed with PDB under sprayed of 0.04% Zn EDTA (14% Zn) may be the recommended
treatment for improving the productivity of faba bean crop under the conditions of the present study.
Reclamation of sandy and calcareous desert lands in. Egypt for intensive cropping has considerable effect on the fertilizer requirement for most crops. The yield records, together with frequent visual appearances of micronutrient deficiency symptoms on economically important crops were the main reasons for investigating the status of micronutrients in these areas by means of leaf and soil analyses. Sites were selected to represent sandy and calcareous soils in newly reclaimed areas as well as loamy alluvial ones in the Nile‐Valley and Delta. Over 10000 soil and leaf samples were collectes in the last 5 years to evaluate the soil/plant fertility status within the area. The major deficiencies were found to be of Fe Mn and Zn revealed in both soil and plant analyses. Regarding soil type effects, Fe‐deficiency dominated on calcareous soil, Zn‐deficit on the sandy soils and Mn‐deficiency mostly on alluvial soils. Leguminous crops were most sensitive to Fe‐deflciency whereas cereals; especially maize and rice were most sensitive to Zn‐deficiency. It is problem that using Zn, Mn, Fe fertilizer will become a common practice in Egypt for different crops in the near future.In some west‐Delta calcareous areas, high B was found in both soils and plants. Also, Cu accumulation accurred due to the heavy use of Cu‐fungicides which may eventually become a major pollution problem.
Salinity, either of soil or of irrigation water, causes disturbances in plant growth and nutrient balance. Previous work indicates that applying nutrients by foliar application increases tolerance to salinity. A pot experiment with three replicates was carried out in the green house of NRC, Cairo, Egypt, to study the effect of micronutrients foliar application on salt tolerance of faba bean. Two concentrations of a micronutrient compound (0.1% and 0.15%) were sprayed in two different treatments prior to or after the salinity treatments. Levels of NaCl (0.00-1000-2000-5000 ppm) were supplied to irrigation water. Results indicated that 2000 and 5000 ppm NaCl inhibited growth and nutrient uptake. Spraying micronutrients could restore the negative effect of salinity on dry weight and nutrients uptake, when sprayed either before or after the salinity treatments. It is suggested that micronutrient foliar sprays could be used to improve plant tolerance to salinity.
The use of compost teas in agriculture and urban landscapes is increasing, but there is conflicting information on which methods are suitable for obtaining compost teas that suppress disease when applied to plants. Numerous compost tea production parameters (compost source, aeration, nutrient additives, production duration, and use of application adjuvants) were tested for suppressing gray mold (Botrytis cinerea) on geranium. While individual compost tea batches did significantly reduce disease, the majority of compost teas did not significantly suppress gray mold of geranium. For nonaerated compost tea (NCT), the most consistent, significant disease suppression was associated with particular compost samples and increased production time, with little effect of periodic stirring or the addition of nutrients at the onset of production. Continuously aerating compost tea did not significantly increase disease suppression compared with nonaerated compost teas. Preparing aerated compost tea (ACT) with nutrient additives did not consistently increase disease suppression; however, 67% of ACT batches made with a mixture of kelp extract, rock dust, and humic acid significantly reduced disease. Applying ACT with spray adjuvants significantly reduced disease compared with ACT with no adjuvants. The variability in gray mold suppression from NCT and ACT applications indicates that disease control would not be commercially acceptable unless there are no other alternatives due to production constraints, e.g., organic standards.
Seed soaking method or foliar spray of antioxidants (citric acid and salicylic acid at 10 mM) and microelements (manganese and zinc at 2 g L<SUP>-1</SUP>) were tested to control of the damping-off and charcoal rot diseases of sunflower (varieties Sakha 53 and Giza 102). Field treatments in two different localities i.e., Tag El-Ezz, Dakahlia province and El-Serow, Damietta province were carried out. The high frequency isolated fungi ( M. phaseolina and R. solani ) presented in Tag El-Ezz location. On the other hand, M. phaseolina was isolated at a high frequency compared with R. solani in both locations. Sakha 53 was highly susceptible compered with Giza 102 when artificially infected with both M. phaseolina and R. solani . Laboratory results showed that salicylic acid alone or in combination with citric acid completely inhibited the linear growth of both pathogens i.e., M. phasoliana and R. solani in vitro . A positive correlation between the concentrations of Rizolex-T 50 and its effect on the fungal growth were recorded. The dose of 3 g L<SUP>-1</SUP> prevented the growth of R. solani linear growth in vitro . The greenhouse results revealed that Giza 102 variety was highly susceptible to the infection by R. solani . M. phasoliana showed severe symptoms in both sunflower varieties. On contrary, Giza 102 variety was tolerant to damping-off and charcoal rot diseases than Sakha 53 under field conditions. The application of Rizolex-T 50 followed by citric acid showed a highest percentage of healthy plants followed by the combination of citric acid and salicylic acid. The application of manganese combined with zinc was more effective than the microelements alone. All treatments of antioxidants and microelements significantly reduced the incidence of charcoal rot disease. On the other hand, no significant differences between Rizolex-T 50 and salicylic acid treatments was shown. Sakha 53 variety gave the highest values of plant height and number of leaves plant<SUP>-1</SUP> while Giza 102 recorded the highest values of stem diameter and flower head diameter. The application of citric acid combined with salicylic acid maximized the plant height followed by the mixture of manganese and zinc. Manganese treatment followed by the mixture of citric acid and salicylic acid then zinc were the most effective in increasing the number of leaves plant<SUP>-1</SUP>. While, Rizolex-T 50 had no significant effect on plant height and number of leaves plant<SUP>-1</SUP>. Microelements were more effective than antioxidants on enhancing the stem and flower head diameters. The combination between manganese and zinc followed by Rizolex-T 50 recorded the maximum values of the stem and flower head diameters. Giza 102 variety recorded the highest values of 100 seeds weight, total phenols, photosynthetic pigments and the percentage of seed oil when the above applications were carried out. Sakha 53 variety showed the highest plant yield under the above treatment. The mixtures of citric and salicylic acids were highly effective in increasing plant yield. The highest values of photosynthetic pigments were shown in salicylic acid treatment followed by Rizolex-T 50. Total phenols content was highest due to Rizolex-T 50 application followed by salicylic acid. Except zinc, seed oil concentration increased significantly in both antioxidants and microelements treatments on oil concentration.
To study the effects of biological and mineral nitrogen fertilization and foliar zinc spraying on yield and yield components of faba bean, an experimental research in split plot format based on randomized complete block designed by three replications in Astaneh Ashrafiyeh Town (north of Iran) during 2010 was conducted. This consisted of 6 nitrogen fertilization levels as main plots (n 1 control, n 2: 30 kg/ha pure nitrogen, n 3: 60 kg/ha pure nitrogen, n 1: nitroxin inoculation, n 5: 15 kg/ha pure nitrogen + nitroxin inoculation, n 6: 30 kg/ha pure nitrogen + nitroxin inoculation) and 3 levels of foliar zinc spraying as sub-plots (z 1. control, z 2: 0.5g/L,z 3: 1g/L). During maturation; seed yield, straw yield, biological yield, harvest index, plant height, 100 seed weight, number of pods per plant and number of seeds per pod were measured. The results of the study showed that the effects of nitrogen fertilization and foliar zinc spraying on all studied traits were significant (p<0.01). On the other hand, there was a strong relationship among them and the yield indicators such as the straw yield, biological yield, harvest index, 100 seed weight, number of pods per plant and number of seed per pod (p<0.01) and that them and the seed yield and plant height (p<0.05).
In order to study effects of zinc spraying and nitrogen fertilizer on yield and yield components of pinto bean an experiment in factorial format based on randomized complete block design with 3 replications in Some Sara Township (north of Iran) was conducted. Factors of experiment consist of zinc spraying (0 and 1 g/L) and nitrogen fertilizer (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg/ha pure nitrogen). In maturity time, seed yield, 100 seed weight, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and plant height was measured. Results showed that, use of zinc spraying had a significant effect in 1% probability level on all measured traits. Also, the effect of nitrogen on all studied traits was significant in 1 % probability level. Interaction effect of zinc spraying and nitrogen fertilizer on number of seed per pod in 1% and on seed yield and plant height in 5% was significant and on other traits was non significant. The highest seed yield was obtained by zinc spraying application with 1990 kg/ha. Among nitrogen fertilizer levels, the highest seed yield was obtained by use of 90 kg/ha pure nitrogen.
Simple sugars, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and their derivatives, including the methyl ethers with free or potentially free reducing groups, give an orange-yellow color when treated with phenol and concentrated sulfuric acid. The reaction is sensitive and the color is stable. By use of this phenol-sulfuric acid reaction, a method has been developed to determine submicro amounts of sugars and related substances. In conjunction with paper partition chromatography the method is useful for the determination of the composition of polysaccharides and their methyl derivatives.