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Herpailurus yagouaroundi
... [1][2][3] In nature, the species is solitary but can eventually live in pairs; however, in captivity, the behaviour can be gregarious. 2,4 This small to medium-sized felid weighs 2.6-5 kg 2,4 and the limbs are considered relatively short relative to head and body length. 4 The diet includes mainly small rodents, reptiles and birds. ...
... 2,4 This small to medium-sized felid weighs 2.6-5 kg 2,4 and the limbs are considered relatively short relative to head and body length. 4 The diet includes mainly small rodents, reptiles and birds. 2,3 The species is widely distributed geographically and has been reported in different regions of North, Central and South America. ...
... 2,3 The species is widely distributed geographically and has been reported in different regions of North, Central and South America. 3 In Brazil, the animal also has a wide distribution, occupying a variety of ecosystems and habitats 2,4 ; however, the conservation status of the species has been categorised as vulnerable. 3 Habitat loss and fragmentation, road kills, fires and hunting are important factors that threaten species survival. ...
An approximately 3‐month‐old female free‐ranging jaguarundi ( Herpailurus yagouaroundi ) was admitted for evaluation of swelling near the right stifle and inability to use the right hindlimb. Radiographic examination revealed a closed, short oblique fracture of the right distal femoral metaphysis, and the bone cortex appeared thin. Because of the poor body condition, the surgical procedure was performed 6 days after admission. The fracture was stabilised using a dynamic intramedullary crosspinning technique. Two 1.5 mm diameter Kirschner (K) wires were introduced at an approximately 20° angle to the sagittal plane of the femur. Radiographic evaluation 3 months after surgery revealed an open distal physis, fracture healing in the remodelling phase and K‐wires engulfed by the bone, which made removal impossible. At the 6‐month follow‐up, a length discrepancy of 0.8 cm in the right femur compared to the left femur was noted. Despite this complication, the locomotion pattern was considered normal according to visual gait analysis.
... To circumvent this problem, we pre-assessed the potential importance of each environmental predictor for each species using tree-based machine learning analyses (boosted trees, random forests) with the raw presence/absence for both periods combined as a response and all the environmental predictors. Finally, we performed Pearson correlations (r) among the top-selected variables and kept four covariates (aiming at maximum collinearity of r=0.6) for each species (Table 1), also taking into account the species preferences based on the available literature (Table A.3): Herpailurus yagouaroundi (Caso et al., 2015;de Oliveira, 1998a), Leopardus pardalis (de Oliveira et al., 2010;Murray and Gardner, 1997), Leopardus wiedii (de Oliveira, 1998b), Nasua nasua (Gompper and Decker, 1998), Cerdocyon thous (Machado and Hingst-Zaher, 2009;Tchaicka et al., 2007), Chrysocyon brachyurus (Dietz, 1985;Queirolo et al., 2011), Eira barbara (Presley, 2000), and Pteronura brasiliensis (Noonan et al., 2017). ...
... To circumvent this problem, we pre-assessed the potential importance of each environmental predictor for each species using tree-based machine learning analyses (boosted trees, random forests) with the raw presence/absence for both periods combined as a response and all the environmental predictors. Finally, we performed Pearson correlations (r) among the top-selected variables and kept four covariates (aiming at maximum collinearity of r=0.6) for each species (Table 1), also taking into account the species preferences based on the available literature (Table A.3): Herpailurus yagouaroundi (Caso et al., 2015;de Oliveira, 1998a), Leopardus pardalis (de Oliveira et al., 2010;Murray and Gardner, 1997), Leopardus wiedii (de Oliveira, 1998b), Nasua nasua (Gompper and Decker, 1998), Cerdocyon thous (Machado and Hingst-Zaher, 2009;Tchaicka et al., 2007), Chrysocyon brachyurus (Dietz, 1985;Queirolo et al., 2011), Eira barbara (Presley, 2000), and Pteronura brasiliensis (Noonan et al., 2017). ...
The Neotropics are a global biodiversity hotspot that has undergone dramatic land use changes over the last decades. However, a temporal perspective on the continental-wide distributions of species in this region is still missing. To unveil it, we model the entire area of occupancy of five Neotropical carnivore species at two time periods (2000–2013 and 2014–2021) using integrated species distribution models (ISDMs) in a Bayesian framework. The carnivores are the jaguarundi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi), margay (Leopardus wiedii), maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus), tayra (Eira barbara), and giant otter (Pteronura brasiliensis). We mapped the temporal change, the areas where gains and losses accumulated for all species (hotspots of change) and calculated the temporal species turnover and change in spatial turnover. We show that (1) most carnivore species have declined their area of occupancy (i.e., range size) in the last two decades, (2) their diversity has decreased over time, mostly in the Chaco region, and (3) that hotspots of fast species composition turnover are in Chaco, the Caatinga region, and northwest of Mexico. We discuss how these newly identified hotspots of change overlap with regions of well-known and pronounced land use transformation. These estimated patterns of overall decline are alarming, more so given that four out of the five species had been classified as not threatened by IUCN. The official global threat status of these species may need to be re-evaluated. All this would be invisible if standard forecasts, local expert knowledge, or static threat criteria, such as range size, were used. We thus provide a new approach to evaluate past species range dynamics based on multiple lines of evidence, which can be employed over more species in the future, particularly in under-sampled regions.
... Descripción Esta especie posee coloraciones marrón, marrón grisáceo, marrón rojizo, amarilla o negra homogénea (de Oliveira, 1998a) aunque en algunos casos pueden presentar tonos más claros en la cabeza y zona ventral (Payán-Garrido y Soto-Vargas, 2012). Tiene una mayor variación de coloración que los demás felinos silvestres que pueden estar ligadas al hábitat dónde se encuentran, por ejemplo, individuos de hábitats secos tienden a ser más pálidos, grises o amarillentos (Emmons y Feer, 1997). ...
Rodentia includes all rodents, such as agoutis, squirrels, jutias, beavers, hamsters, dormice, marmots, prairie dogs, rats, mice, tuco-tuco, and gophers. It is the most diverse order of mammals, containing approximately 50% of all species. This order has, as a unique characteristic, a pair of open-rooted (ever-growing) upper and lower incisors, each elongated, with thick layers of enamel on the front and a softer dentine on the back. The differential wear from gnawing creates perpetually sharp chisel edges; the absence of other incisors and canine teeth results in a diastema on the upper and lower jaws; the articulation of the lower jaw branches ensures that the incisors do not meet when food is chewed and that the upper and lower molariforms do not come into contact while the animal gnaws; the molariform teeth may be either hypsodont or brachydont; the masseter muscle is highly specialized, and its arrangement serves as a basis for differentiating the suborders; feet clawed; fibula not articulating with the calcaneus. There are three suborders in North America: Ctenohystrica, Eusciurida, and Supramyomorpha. They are currently of cosmopolitan distribution.
Background: Relatar o caso clínico de um gato-mourisco (Herpailurus yagouaroundi) com fratura de fêmur, demonstrando os procedimentos anestésicos com o intuito de agregar maior conhecimento à literatura de felídeos selvagens. Case: Um gato-mourisco (Herpailurus yagouaroundi) filhote com fratura de fêmur foi resgatado e encaminhado a atendimento veterinário. Ao exame clínico constatou-se prostração, desidratação severa e caquexia, optando-se por estabilização clínica prévia ao procedimento cirúrgico-anestésico. Na data do procedimento, foi administrado zolazepam associado à tiletamina por via intramuscular, para imobilização farmacológica. Em seguida, o paciente foi induzido à anestesia com propofol por via intravenosa e mantido sob anestesia com isoflurano por via inalatória. Para analgesia transoperatória realizou-se bloqueio epidural sacrococcígeo com lidocaína e morfina. Foram monitorados pressão arterial sistólica, saturação parcial de oxigênio nos tecidos periféricos, temperatura esofágica e frequências cardíaca e respiratória durante o período transanestésico. Como intercorrências, observou-se hipotensão e bradicardia transitórias, revertidas após administração de atropina intravenosa. Ao término do procedimento, o paciente foi monitorado e mantido aquecido até recuperação anestésica completa e posterior internação clínica. Discussion: A manipulação de animais silvestres requer, muitas vezes, a administração de fármacos sedativos ou ansiolíticos para permitir uma intervenção segura. Como opção de contenção farmacológica para felídeos cita-se associação de tiletamina e zolazepam, obtendo-se rápido início de ação com ampla margem de segurança em pacientes saudáveis. Sua duração de ação permite grande parte das intervenções clínicas necessárias nestas espécies, além de ser uma opção como medicação pré-anestésica. O bloqueio epidural sacrococcígeo em felídeos, com associação de anestésicos locais e opioides permite a redução do requerimento de anestésicos gerais, bem como proporciona analgesia satisfatória no trans e pós-operatório, minimizando os efeitos adversos da terapia analgésica parenteral. O protocolo anestésico instituído foi considerado adequado para osteossíntese de fêmur em um gato mourisco (Herpailurus yagouaroundi), não cursando com intercorrências graves e garantindo qualidade analgésica satisfatória para execução da técnica cirúrgica.
The order Carnivora includes dogs, bears, cats, sea lions, seals, and others that are characterized by canines big, sharp, curved, semi or transversely circular, and carnassial. Its distribution is nearly cosmopolitan. Two suborders, Caniform and Feliform, and eight families occur in North America: Felidae (Feliformia), and Canidae, Mephitidae, Mustelidae, Otariidae, Phocidae, Procyonidae, and Ursidae (Caniformia).
The jaguarundi is one the least studied felids in South America. With its three main forms (brownish-black, grey and reddish), the species is listed as Least Concern by the IUCN, but is Vulnerable in Brazil. The grey form is the most common, and has been recorded at several sites within the Pantanal biome, but not the reddish form so far. In this study we report the reddish phenotype for the first time in the biome. Records were obtained from November 2022 through camera traps in Acurizal Reserve. Reports like this are important to understand the evolutionary processes affecting the species over time.
This paper describes the medical-surgical approach, rehabilitation, and release of a Herpailurus yagouaroundi suffering from a comminuted fracture to the distal third of the left tibia. The tibial fracture was the result of vehicular trauma that occurred on a main highway within a biological corridor in the northern region of Costa Rica. The feline was rescued by officials from the Costa Rican National System of Conservation Areas (SINAC) and was treated at the Small Animals and Wildlife Hospital (HEMS) of the School of Veterinary Medicine (EMV) from the National University of Costa Rica (UNA). The medical-surgical approach included homeostatic restoration of the patient, collateral tests (laboratory test and diagnostic images) and correction of the tibial fracture using an external skeletal fixator with titanium bars and anchors. The patient received post-operative care and rehabilitation before a successful release into its natural habitat.
Este libro tiene como objetivo difundir y compartir con las comunidades el conocimiento actual sobre los mamíferos carnívoros (orden Carnivora) presentes en el departamento de Caldas. Por esta razón, no está exclusivamente diseñado para aquellos que trabajan profesionalmente con estos grupos, sino también para que toda la comunidad pueda disfrutar al conocer los animales con los que comparten el territorio. A partir de este conocimiento, se busca fomentar una apropiación del valor de la fauna silvestre y promover la generación de estrategias para su conservación. En Caldas, se encuentran presentes 18 especies de Carnívora, que incluyen tanto a especies de gran tamaño como el jaguar y el oso de anteojos, como a otras de talla pequeña como las comadrejas, que son del tamaño de una ardilla común. También se pueden encontrar especies como la nutria, el zorro, el mapache, los cusumbos y tigrillos. Esta obra recopila información sobre la alimentación y los hábitos de estos mamíferos y, además, destaca los esfuerzos realizados para documentar la diversidad de Carnivora en Caldas. Esto se logró mediante la recopilación de registros de distribución y la revisión de publicaciones académicas que han contribuido, en diferentes escalas, al conocimiento de este grupo fascinante que desempeña una función crucial en el mantenimiento de los
ecosistemas naturales.
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