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The Effect of Playing Music on the Confidence Level

Authors:
Nasram Shayan
Nasram Shayan
Nasram Shayan
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Teymor AhmadiGatab
Teymor AhmadiGatab
Teymor AhmadiGatab
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Jalal Ghanbari Jeloudar
Jalal Ghanbari Jeloudar
Jalal Ghanbari Jeloudar
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Khadijeh Saleh Ahangar
Khadijeh Saleh Ahangar
Khadijeh Saleh Ahangar
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Abstract

Introduction: Music means to express feelings through voices, which its most important factors are the sound and rhythm. In the present study, we attempted to examine the effect of playing music on self-esteem through comparison of young students individually. Methods: The present method is a descriptive and comparative method. The sample group consists of 100 boys and girls students between 11 to 17 years old which 50 cases were art students and 50 cases are non-student. And two groups with the implementation of confidence questionnaire were compared. For data analysis, SPSS software was used. Results: The results show that playing music caused to increase the confidence. Discussion: Music training influences on increasing self-confidence of adolescents. It is recommended that music training should be included in educational programs so that students in addition increasing the confidence can benefit from other musical influences in their lives.
Available via license: CC BY-NC-ND 3.0
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Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 30 (2011) 2061 – 2063
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
1877-0428 © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of the 2nd World Conference on Psychology,
Counselling and Guidance.
doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.400
Procedia
Social and
Behavioral
Sciences
WCPCG-2011
The effect of playing music on the confidence level
Nasram Shayan a*,Teymor AhmadiGatabb,Jalal Ghanbari Jeloudar c,
Khadijeh Saleh Ahangar d
a Allzahra University, Tehran, Tehran, Iran
b Islamic Azad University,Qhaemshahr Branch , Young Researchers Club, Qhaemshahr,Iran
c Islamic Azad University,sari Branch , sari,Iran
d university of social welfare and rehabilitationTehran,Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: Music means to express feelings through voices, which its most important factors are the sound and rhythm. In the
present study, we attempted to examine the effect of playing music on self-esteem through comparison of young students
individually.Methods: The present method is a descriptive and comparative method. The sample group consists of 100 boys and
girls students between 11 to 17 years old which 50 cases were art students and 50 cases are non-student. And two groups with the
implementation of confidence questionnaire were compared. For data analysis, SPSS software was used.Results:The results
show that playing music caused to increase the confidence.Discussion:Music training influences on increasing self-confidence of
adolescents. It is recommended that music training should be included in educational programs so that students in addition
increasing the confidence can benefit from other musical influences in their lives.
Keyword: playing music, confidence of youth
Introduction
Apparently, a lot of physical illnesses and pains result from restlessness and mental disorders. Mind needs to be
cared in such a way that harmful elements can’t penetrate into it .Protective methods are introduced as the mental
health .One of the methods for creating peace in human and for being in mentally healthy condition is art
therapy(Anaseri,1997).Art ,on the one hand, is considered as the first primitive tool which harmoniously is at the
service of human’s idealistic and aesthetic needs and on the other hand, it is a device which can ease sadness and
hardship in human life.
Music is one of art tool which transfers human are feeling, emotion, understanding and awareness without speech
and language. It is the language of dreams, expectations and feelings in human (Irani, 1993).It is also regarded as
human physiological, spiritual, physical, emotional, social and mental need. Music helps human to reach
unbelievable unexplainable relief in his/her life(Zadehmohammadi,1998).Today, it has been proved that music
practicing increases learners’ IQ a lot specially in childhood and before puberty age. This influence becomes more
unfolded when a learner spends some part of his/her daily time practicing music instrument physically and studying
Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license.
2062 Nasram Shayan et al. / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 30 (2011) 2061 – 2063
– –
or reviewing music theories. Mind, fingers and bodily and mental parts of brain are engaged by these activities .This
is similar to what happens in sports. Complex links which occur among neurons.
Methods:The present method is a descriptive and comparative method. The sample group consists of 100 boys and
girls students between 11 to 17 years old which 50 cases were art students and 50 cases are non-student. And two
groups with the implementation of confidence questionnaire were compared. For data analysis, SPSS software was
used.
Findings:
4-1-Self – esteem among boys:
According to data driven from boys’ self – esteem, distribution table4-1 associated with boys’
self - esteem is presented .The following table shows self – esteem distribution among boys.
Table4-1: Distribution of self – esteem among boys.
Self – esteem among boys
Frequency
Percentage
Cumulative percentage
Low
28
0/56
0/56
Average 12 0/24 0/80
High
10
0/20
0/100
Total
50
0/100
According to above table, 28 participants, that is 56.0 %, out of total numbers possess low self – esteem, but they
hold the maximum frequency. Also 10 participants, equal to 20%,have high self – esteem ,but they hold the
minimum frequency.
4-2-Self – esteem among girls:
Based on data driven from girls’ self – esteem ,frequency distribution table 4-2 is given .
The following table demonstrates self – esteem distribution among girls.
Self – esteem among girls
Frequency
Percentage
Cumulative percentage
Low
26
0/52
0/52
Average 17 0/34 0/86
High
7
0/14
0/100
Total
50
0/100
According to above table,26 participants ,that is 52.0,out of total numbers possess low self – esteem, but they hold
the maximum frequency. Also, 7 participants , equal to 14%,out of all participants have high self – esteem ,but they
present the minimum frequency distribution. Since it has been accepted that variances are equal based on
F
sig
=0.72,
=0.000,null hypothesis is rejected.
According to the mean of learners’ self – esteem which is 21.88 and the mean of self – esteem in non-learners which
is 18.13,it can be inferred that learners possess more self – esteem than non – learners. This means there is a
meaningful difference between self – esteem in these two (learners, non – learners)groups.
4-5-The difference between music (learners and non – learners) and self – esteem among boys:
Advertisement
Fisher statistics
sig
t
d.f
sig
Difference from mean
Equality among variances
480/1
23/0
532/5
48
000/0
880/5
Because equality among variances have been accepted based on
F
sig
=0.23 and
=0.000,null hypothesis is
rejected. Since the mean of self – esteem among boy learners is 22.98 and the mean of self – esteem among boy-non
learners is 10.17,it is clear that learners have higher self – esteem than non learners .This means there is a
meaningful difference among the mean of self – esteem in two (learners and non- learners)groups.
4-3-Total self – esteem:
According to the data driven from participants’ total self – esteem, frequency table4-3 is demonstrated .The
following table shows the distribution of participants’ total self – esteem.
Table4-3:Distribution of participants’ self – esteem.
Total self - esteem
Frequency
Percentage
Cumulative percentage
Low
54
%54
%54
Average
29
%29
%83
High
17
%17
%100
2063
Nasram Shayan et al. / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 30 (2011) 2061 – 2063
– –
Total
100
%100
Based on above table, 54 participants, that is 54%, possess low self – esteem, but they have the maximum
frequency.17 participants, 0.17%, and hold high self – esteem with the minimum frequency.
4-4- The difference between music (learners and non – learners) and self – esteem:
Hypothesis one: <<There is a meaningful difference between music (learners and non – learners)and self – esteem
>>.
Indexes
Fisher statistics
sig
t
d.f
sig
Difference from mean
Equality of variances
125/0
72/0
630/4
98
000/0
750/3
4-5-The difference between music (learners and non – learners) and self – esteem among girls :
Hypothesis: <<There is a meaningful difference between music (learners and non-learners) and self – esteem >>.
Indexes
Fisher statistics
sig
t
d.f
sig
Difference from mean
Equality of variance
744/1
23/0
389/1
48
17/0
620/1
Because it has been accepted that variances are equal Based on
F
sig
=0.23 and
=0.000, null hypothesis is rejected.
According to the mean of self – esteem among girl learners which is 20.78 and that associated with girl non –
learners which is 19.16, it is proved that the self – esteem among girl learners is higher than girl non- learners. This
means there is no meaningful difference between the mean of self – esteem among tow (learners and non- learners)
groups. This conclusion is based on the study result.
Discussions:
The results of this study reveal that listening to music has a good effect on individuals’ self –esteem. Self – esteem is
the continually evaluation and judgment which an individual makes about himself/herself (Larsan, 1995).Self –
esteem is an exact fragile feeling which originally develops in childhood. It has a significant role in human’s
behavior and character. It has also has an important effect on mental and physical health. Low self – confidence
cause many mental disorders such as depression, stress and anxiety and aggression.
Reference
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-Zadeehmohammadi , A , Applying music therapy to psychotherapy , medicine and psychology ,
Tehran, Asrare danesh.
-Sateie, A(1995), The effect of music on human’s mind, Zanjan , Nikan ketab publication.
- Larsan, A(1995), Personality psychology, Karivar,Parvin, first edition , Tehran: cultural services
12-45.
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... It is a healing art that can be used for therapeutic interventions (American Music Therapy Association [AMTA], 2020). Moreover, music has been found to develop cognitive skills to sharpen memory (Bradley-Kramer, 2017) and positively affect an individual's self-esteem (Shayan et al., 2011). In the words of Rutter (2017), music is "like a great oak that rises from the center of the human race and spreads its branches. ...
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Full-text available
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This autoethnography investigates my role as a music educator -adult learner within the context of choral pedagogy. To answer my questions, I drew from my childhood experiences and discovered that "modelling behavior” is an exemplary pedagogical tool for expedited but efficient choral rehearsal. This led to the development of the Guided Partnered Model (GPM), which has shaped the learners, choir members, and my music appreciation, developing self-esteem, self-worth, and musicianship. The ethnography method was used for data collection, and writing was assembled through hindsight. Furthermore, data analysis was gleaned from narrative inquiry, finding that the expressions of knowledge, skills, and values evidenced through stage performances have resulted in self-affirmation. This provided reflective opportunities to develop this autoethnography. This article could benefit choral conductors and music educators by enjoining them to refocus and reflect on their responsibilities and accountabilities that may enable them to discover innovative pedagogies in their classrooms.
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... Studies of older adults have also shown that playing music positively reduces both depression (Seinfeld et al., 2013) and anxiety (Hars et al., 2014). There have been interesting studies on the impact of group drumming as a means of improving mental wellbeing (Fancourt et al., 2016a(Fancourt et al., , 2016bPerkins et al., 2016), as well as on how playing music can improve confidence, with increased confidence being linked to reductions in depression, stress, anxiety and aggression (Shayan et al., 2011). However, evidence regarding the impact of playing music is not entirely consistent: a twin study conducted by Wesseldijk et al. (2019, p. 1) proposed that "overall individuals playing a musical instrument (independent of their musical achievement) may have a somewhat increased risk for mental health problems". ...
Music and wellbeing vs. musicians’ wellbeing: examining the paradox of music-making positively impacting wellbeing, but musicians suffering from poor mental health
Article
Full-text available
  • Jan 2023
This paper interrogates two different perspectives on music and wellbeing. The first positions musical practice as being beneficial for emotional wellbeing and mental health, whilst the second positions musical work – building a career as a musician – as potentially detrimental. This apparent paradox matters because the clinical findings which establish a causal link between music and wellbeing are being disembedded from the contexts in which those links are manifesting by charities, social enterprises, advocacy organisations, educational institutions, governments and international bodies, and fuelling normative sociological prescriptions which encourage participation in music making. For those who go on to develop career ambitions, wellbeing outcomes are far less clear. Therefore, a more sophisticated appreciation of the uses of music and its impact on wellbeing is required. This paper provides a more balanced view of the connections between music, wellbeing and health and reflects on how this paradox might be resolved.
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Music Learning Android App Development for Autistic Children
Chapter
  • Jan 2023
In this paper, we present a new application named Musica, which is aimed to teach music and improve learning tendencies to children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Music is a form of art and a form of Self-expression. The idea of developing such an application is that studies show that children who learn music have better psycho-motor development. Brain development is better with music; music improves memory, makes people happy, teaches them to focus, relieves stress, helps to build emotion, improves social skills, boosts self-confidence. We have done a brief survey on the existing application for children with autism. Some apps include music, but there is no application designed for autistic children to make them learn Indian classical music and instruments. The advantage of this app is that it includes a feature of emotion detection, which will help the child learn facial expressions. The emotion detection component does not seek the parents/therapists’ involvement; children can use this alone. It increases the usefulness and effectiveness of this app. KeywordsAutism spectrum disorderMusic educationQuizAndroid applicationEmotion detection
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Hybridization of Sine-Cosine Algorithm with K-Means for Pathology Image Clustering
Chapter
  • Jan 2023
The imperative source of diagnostic and prognostic information is pathology image and obtaining an entirely labeled pathology datasets is often challenging. However, with the arrival of whole slide scanner technologies, pathology slides are been digitized making it imaginable and feasible to accumulate and investigate digital pathology images making use of computer systems. Nuclei segmentation is the primary step in quantitative analysis of imaging data and a significant step in cancer analysis, diagnosis and classifying as it extremely hinges on the quality of segmented nuclei. The traditional K-Means algorithm has been gradually mounting since the year 1957 after the partitional clustering procedure was announced. A new era in the field of cluster analysis commenced as the nature inspired metaheuristics were applied and merged with various forms of existing clustering approaches resulting in several novel algorithms that is being widely used and accepted. With this motivation in mind, the proposed work aims in designing and developing improved hybrid procedures for visual information extraction and clustering using Nature Inspired Optimization Algorithm (NIOA) and Machine Learning techniques that takes full advantage of the solving power of underlying Sine Cosine (SC) and K-Means (KM) algorithms. The proposed hybrid Sine Cosine-K-Means algorithm (SC-KM) has been developed to surmount the demerits of SC and KM algorithms in a significant manner for pathology image clustering. Further, the SC-KM is additionally compared with traditional K-Means, Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Sine Cosine (SC) algorithm and delivers superior results compared to other tested clustering models.
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intersection of music and thoughts ,Tehran , Islamic publication. -Zadeehmohammadi , A , Applying music therapy to psychotherapy , medicine and psychology
  • Jan 1995
  • A Irani
Irani, A(1995), intersection of music and thoughts,Tehran, Islamic publication. -Zadeehmohammadi, A, Applying music therapy to psychotherapy, medicine and psychology, Tehran, Asrare danesh.
The effect of music on human's mind, Zanjan , Nikan ketab publication
  • Jan 1995
  • 12-45
  • A Sateie
Sateie, A(1995), The effect of music on human's mind, Zanjan, Nikan ketab publication. -Larsan, A(1995), Personality psychology, Karivar,Parvin, first edition, Tehran: cultural services 12-45.
Applying music therapy to psychotherapy , medicine and psychology
  • A Zadeehmohammadi