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The Impact and Future Role of Computations and Software in Bridge Modeling, Analysis, and Design
Abstract
Computer application and software have significantly altered the way bridges are designed, constructed and managed. It has made the design process simple for common bridge types and has provided opportunities to explore new concepts and ideas for larger projects. Computer application and software are now an integral part of the bridge life cycle, right from the conceptual stage to bridge management. This paper particularly focuses on the development and impact of computer applications in bridge modeling analysis and design. It presents an overview of the past developments, the issues involved in the modeling, the current trends, available tools and the future challenges and directions. A hierarchical, multi-scale modeling and design approach is presented to handle various aspects and levels of bridge design process.
Bridges are geometrically complex infrastructures, and their designs usually exhibit significant geometric variations between different structural solutions. The modelling complexity implies a low degree of model reuse in comparable projects; moreover, with the development of new technologies and design ways, the AEC industry often requires computational cost reduction, less time for model developments and analysis, and little-to-zero material waste in the face of the environmental emergency. The present document proposes a generative approach to enhance the bridge design process, increasing efficiency by reducing computational costs and modelling efforts, tackling the aforementioned objectives. The following methodology relies on a workflow to create flexible geometric models, introducing parameters and numerical relationships between all the design variables. Therefore, from a generative development, different geometric solutions of a bridge's family are created by modifying the parameter settings within the same model. Then, the present work aims to define a modelling and analysis strategy for a multi-girder composite bridge project based on parametric development, structural analysis, and optimization. The results integrate building information modeling (BIM) to explore and create high-potential designs with complex geometries and find cost-effective solutions.
Component-based software development has gained wide acceptance within the computer science discipline and the software development industry. Apparently, application of this concept has not been attempted for the development of software for structural engineering applications. This paper presents the overall framework for component-based software development for integrated structural engineering applications using the principles of information transformation. An information-oriented review of the overall structural design process is carried out to develop the information content and transformations involved in this process. This information transformation concept is then used to propose a framework for the development of software for integrated structural design applications including the identification of key packages, patterns, components, class hierarchies and object models. Use of extensible markup language is proposed as the main information description and communication standard. The advantages of using the proposed framework are discussed along with application and implementation scenarios.
The New Shibanpo Bridge, Chongqing, Chi-na
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