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Impact of using treated wastewater for irrigation on soil chemical properties, plant growth and forage yield”
... BCF is actually the comparison of heavy metal content absorb by plants to their amount present in soil. Elamin and Saeed (2019) evaluated the soil to plant transfer of Co in three different irrigating systems: 0.62mg/kg in Table 6. Daily intake and health risk index of Co metal in animals with respect to various sites. ...
Cobalt metal is considered as an essential trace element for the animals. Present investigation was undertaken in the peri-urban area to analyze the cobalt availability in animal food chain by using different indices. Cow, buffalo and sheep samples along with forage and soil samples were collected from the three different sites of District Jhang and analyzed through atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Cobalt values differed in soil samples as 0.315-0.535 mg/kg, forages as 0.127-0.333 mg/kg and animal samples as 0.364-0.504 mg/kg. Analyzed cobalt concentration in soil, forage and animal samples was found to be deficient in concentration with respect to standard limits. Soil showed the minimum cobalt level in Z. mays while maximum concentration was examined in the forage C. decidua samples. All indices examined in this study has values lesser than 1, representing the safer limits of the cobalt concentration in these samples. Enrichment factor (0.071-0.161 mg/kg) showed the highly deficient amount of cobalt enrichment in this area. Bio-concentration factor (0.392-0.883) and pollution load index (0.035-0.059 mg/kg) values were also lesser than 1 explains that plant and soil samples are not contaminated with cobalt metal. The daily intake and health risk index ranged from 0.00019-0.00064 mg/kg/day and 0.0044-0.0150 mg/kg/day respectively. Among the animals, cobalt availability was maximum (0.0150 mg/kg/day) in the buffaloes that grazed on the C. decidua fodder. Results of this study concluded that cobalt containing fertilizers must be applied on the soil and forages. Animal feed derived from the cobalt containing supplements are supplied to the animals, to fulfill the nutritional requirements of livestock.
... The collected data from all tests was analyzed using of (SAS) for complete randomized block design also the least significant difference (LSD) was used to determine the differences between means. Widaa andSaeed (2008), Pescod (1992) and FAO (1985). ...
M.Sc. thesis submitted to the university of Khartoum
... The comparison between the two crops showed significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) in plant height, number of roots and stem size with maize, while there were no significant difference between the two crops with others growth parameters. The current results can be attributed to the fact treated wastewater is enriched in macro and micro nutrients, this result agrees with the findings of Widaa and Saeed (2008), Pescod (1992) and FAO (1985). ...
M Sc. thesis submitted to University of Khartoum
This study was aimed to investigate the suitability of reusing of treated wastewater to irrigate wheat crop and its impact on soil properties. The study was conducted during the Agricultural season 2014-2015, at Sirte, Libya. The climate of this area characterized by dry and hot in summer, cool and rained in winter, as well as the annual rainfall in the range of 175 mm to 200 mm, so the area is considered as semi-arid area. The experiment was designed to use treated wastewater under different managements ((W1) 100% fresh water (from artificial stream), (W2) Mixed by 50% fresh water and treated wastewater, (W3) mixed by 33% fresh water and 67% treated wastewater and (W4) 100% treated wastewater). Two soil profiles were selected and described, namely Sandy (S1) and Sandy loam (S2) soils. Wheat crop was used as indicator. The chemical, physical and microbiological analyses were done for water and soil samples using standard methods. The analyses include soil texture, bulk density, moisture content, electrical conductivity, pH, anions, cations, and E coli form. Also, the wheat crop growth components were studied. The quality of used water was found within the permissible levels of the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nation (FAO) for irrigation water, while lead was found exceeding the sever permissible level. From the other hand treated wastewater showed significant difference at P≤0.05 in increasing the average values of wheat crop growth components, in compare with fresh water, which recorded the lowest values. The chemical properties of soils extractions showed non -significant difference at P≤0.05 under the different irrigation managements, while the chloride and lead showed significant increase in sand loamy soil and carbonate in sandy soil. On the other hand, the both soils showed the same performance in increasing wheat growth components. The treated wastewater (W4) supplied significant numbers of E coli form 100/ml to the both soils followed by (W3), while fresh water recorded less values. The study concluded that using of treated wastewater in irrigation of agricultural crops under monitoring system has economic feasibility.
This study was aimed to investigate the suitability of reusing of treated wastewater to irrigate wheat crop and its impact on soil properties. The study was conducted during the Agricultural season 2014-2015, at Sirte, Libya. The climate of this area characterized by dry and hot in summer, cool and rained in winter, as well as the annual rainfall in the range of 175 mm to 200 mm, so the area is considered as semi-arid area. The experiment was designed to use treated wastewater under different managements ((W1) 100% fresh water (from artificial stream), (W2) Mixed by 50% fresh water and treated wastewater, (W3) mixed by 33% fresh water and 67% treated wastewater and (W4) 100% treated wastewater). Two soil profiles were selected and described, namely Sandy (S1) and Sandy loam (S2) soils. Wheat crop was used as indicator. The chemical, physical and microbiological analyses were done for water and soil samples using standard methods. The analyses include soil texture, bulk density, moisture content, electrical conductivity, pH, anions, cations, and E coli form. Also, the wheat crop growth components were studied. The quality of used water was found within the permissible levels of the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nation (FAO) for irrigation water, while lead was found exceeding the sever permissible level. From the other hand treated wastewater showed significant difference at P≤0.05 in increasing the average values of wheat crop growth components, in compare with fresh water, which recorded the lowest values. The chemical properties of soils extractions showed non -significant difference at P≤0.05 under the different irrigation managements, while the chloride and lead showed significant increase in sand loamy soil and carbonate in sandy soil. On the other hand, the both soils showed the same performance in increasing wheat growth components. The treated wastewater (W4) supplied significant numbers of E coli form 100/ml to the both soils followed by (W3), while fresh water recorded less values. The study concluded that using of treated wastewater in irrigation of agricultural crops under monitoring system has economic feasibility.
يساهم استعمال مياه الصرف الصحي المعالجة في الزراعة إلى توفير في المياه والتوسع في المساحات الزراعية لإنتاج محاصيل متنوعة وأيضا إلى تقليل من التكاليف المتعلقة بإنتاج واستيراد واستعمال الأسمدة بسبب وجود العناصر الضرورية للنبات في تلك المياه هدفت هذه الدراسة لبحث مدي مناسبة استخدام مياه الصرف الصحي المعالجة في ري محصول القمح وتأثيرها على خواص التربة الكيميائية والفيزيائية والبيولوجية. أجريت هذه الدراسة خلال الموسم الزراعي 2014- 2015 م في منطقة سرت، ليبيا، وصممت التجربة لاستخدام مياه الصرف الصحي المعالجة بمعاملات مختلفة: مياه عذبه (W1) (النهر الصناعي)، خلط مياه الصرف مع المياه العذبة (W2) بنسبة 50%، ثم الخلط بنسبة 67% مياه صرف و33% مياه عذبه (W3) ومياه الصرف الصحي المعالجة (W4). تم استخدم نوعين من التربة (رملية ورملية طميية). وأستخدم محصول القمح كمحصول إرشادي. وأجريت التحاليل المعملية (الفيزيائية والكيمائية والميكربيولوجية) على عينات التربة والماء وفق طرق معتمدة والتي اشتملت: تقدير القوام والكثافة الظاهرية ونسبة الرطوبة والتوصيل الكهربائي (EC) والرقم الهيدروجيني (pH) والأنيونات والكاتيونات الذائبة والبكتريا القولونية. أيضا تمت دراسة مكونات عوامل نمو محصول القمح باستخدام طرق معتمدة. وجدت نوعية المياه المستخدمة جميعا ضمن الحدود الآمنة لمعيار منظمة الأغذية العالمية (FAO) لمياه الري مع ملاحظة وجود زيادة في نسبة الرصاص عن الحد المسموح به. من جهة أخري أظهرت مياه الصرف الصحي فرق معنوي عالي في زيادة متوسطات عوامل نمو القمح مقارنة بالمياه العذبة حيث سجلت اقل قيم. الخصائص الكيميائية لمستخلص التربة تحت معاملات الري المختلفة لم يلاحظ عليها فروق معنوية في معظمها عدا الكلور والرصاص حيث أظهرت التربة الرملية الطميية فرق معنوي فيهما على التربة الرملية وبينما أظهرت التربة الرملية فرق معنوي في زيادة نسبة الكربونات. من جهة أخري أظهرت النتائج عدم وجود فروق معنوية بين التربتين في تأثيرهما على نمو القمح. مياه الصرف الصحي (W4) وجدت أكثر إضافتاً لأعداد بكتريا القولون الغائطية /100مل تلتها (W3) بينما سجلت المياه العذبة أقل إضافة للبكتريا. خلصت الدراسة إلى بإمكانية استخدام مياه الصرف الصحي المعالجة في ري المحاصيل الزراعية مع ضرورة وجود نظام مراقبة جيد.
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