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All content in this area was uploaded by Johanna E. Johnson on Apr 13, 2015
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Executive!Summary!
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Table!of!Contents!
_W2@+-.L2&<+>>$49&NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN&)&
O%-4"?+@-."%&NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN&;&
("$'-$,&$''2-'&"=&-#2&A2-&B4"3.@'&42/."%5&'-$-+'&$%?&-42%?'&NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN&7&
_'-+$4.2'&NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN&7&
("$'-$,&D2-,$%?'&NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN&`&
("$'-$,&.',$%?'&NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN&a&
8$4.%2&$''2-'&"=&-#2&A2-&B4"3.@'&42/."%5&'-$-+'&$%?&-42%?'&NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN&b&
("4$,&422='&NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN&66&
<2$/4$''&>2$?"D'&NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN&6;&
<32@.2'&"=&@"%'24L$-."%&@"%@24%&NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN&6\&
c42''+42'&$%?&-#42$-'&-"&@"$'-$,&$%?&>$4.%2&$''2-'&.%&-#2&A2-&B4"3.@'&42/."%&NNN&):&
B2442'-4.$,&3",,+-$%-'5&?2@,.%.%/&D$-24&M+$,.-9&NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN&):&
(4"D%^"=^-#"4%'&'-$4=.'#&"+-J42$['&NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN&))&
("$'-$,&?2L2,"3>2%-&$%?&'#.33.%/&NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN&)T&
(,.>$-2&@#$%/25&2W-42>2&2L2%-'&NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN&);&
(,.>$-2&@#$%/25&2,2L$-2?&'2$&-2>324$-+42'&NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN&)`&
(+>+,$-.L2&342''+42'&NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN&)a&
X%"D,2?/2&H$3'&$%?&12@">>2%?$-."%'&NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN&T)&
("%@,+'."%'&NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN&T;&
12=242%@2'&NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN&T`&
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Introduction!
B#2&A2-&B4"3.@'&42/."%&.%&-4"3.@$,&%"4-#2$'-24%&S+22%',$%? @"L24'&))K:::&[>)&
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Figure!1.!Map!of!the!Wet!Tropics!region!(Source:!Terrain!NRM).!
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Coastal!assets!of!the!Wet!Tropics!region:!status!and!trends!
B#2&A2-&B4"3.@'&42/."%&@"%-$.%'&$&'./%.=.@$%-&,2%/-#&"=&@"$'-,.%2&-#$-&.%@,+?2'&
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-#29&'+33"4-K&$%?&-#2&'-$-+'&$%?&-42%?'&.%&-#2.4&@"%?.-."%N&
Estuaries!
("$'-$,&J$9'&$%?&2'-+$4.2'&="4>&$&-4$%'.-."%&Y"%2&J2-D22%&4.L24&$%?&"@2$%&
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D$-24&@",+>%&$%?&'2?.>2%-K&>$[.%/&2'-+$4.2'&$>"%/&-#2&>"'-&?9%$>.@&$%?&
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>2$?"D'&"4&.%-24-.?$,&=,$-'K&"4&$&@">J.%$-."%N&&
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g$.%-422K&8"''>$%K&I$44"%K&1+''2,,K&8+,/4$L2K&!"#%'-"%2K&B+,,9K&8+44$9&$%?&
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#./#,9&>"?.=.2?&-.?$,&D2-,$%?&$?e$@2%-&-"&-#2&@.-9&"=&($.4%'N&B#2&2'-+$49&34"L.?2'&
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42/."%&Rg2L,.%&2-&$,N&):6)$UK&42342'2%-.%/&$334"W.>$-2,9&6:]&"=&-"-$,&422=&$42$&.%&
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="4&.%'#"42&422='&$%?&6:^):]&="4&>.?^&$%?&"=='#"42&422='&RFO8<&):6TUN&B#.'&
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-+4-,2'&R2N/N&/422%K&#$D['J.,,U&$%?&'#$4['&R2N/N&J,$@[-.3&$%?&D#.-2-.3&422=&'#$4['UN&
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g$.%-422&$%?&!"#%'-"%2&1+''2,,^8+,/4$L2&'+J^42/."%'&-#$-&#$L2&#.%?242?&
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Table!2.!Status!of!inshore!coral!reefs!in!the!Wet!Tropics!region!(by!subHregion)!between!2008!and!
2013.!Values!are!indexed!scores!scaled!from!00100;!■(=!very!good!(800100),!■(=!good!(60!0(<80),!■(=!
moderate!(40!0(<60),!■(=!poor!(20!0(<40),!■(=!very!poor!(0!0(<20)(!(Source:!Thompson!et!al.!2013).!
1%-(2$#,"+*(*340
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R8@X2%Y.2&2-&$,N&):6)UN&&
B#2&A2-&B4"3.@'&@"$'-&@"%-$.%'&'">2&"=&-#2&4.@#2'-&'2$/4$''&$''2>J,$/2'&.%&-#2&
HI1K&D.-#&6)&'32@.2'&42@"4?2?&.%&-#2&g+%[&O',$%?&$%?&@"$'-&42/."%K&6:&.%&($.4%'&
E$4J"+4&$%?&b&$4"+%?&E.%@#.%J4""[&O',$%?&$%?&.%&-#2&(#$%%2,&Rd22&d"%/&2-&$,N&
6bbTUN&F&-"-$,&"=&6T&'32@.2'&#$L2&J22%&42@"4?2?&$,"%/&-#2&@"$'-&J2-D22%&($32&
B4.J+,$-."%&$%?&I"D,.%/&H422%&I$9&RI4+.%'>$&)::6UN&B#2&>"42&?">.%$%-&
'2$/4$''&'32@.2'&.%&@"$'-$,&$42$'&"=&-#2&A2-&B4"3.@'&42/."%&$42&728.1&'82%
9,',"#!')&D.-#&7:%.!28')&D#.,2&422=&'2$/4$''&>2$?"D'&$42&?">.%$-2?&J9&
3$;.6.5"2%#.<9,62<2=>&282))'2%&";1#'5&''K&$%?&3:%)"##982<2=?$#',(.6'9;%
')."<'-.8'9;&R8@X2%Y.2&2-&$,N&):6;UN&
<2$/4$''2'&34"L.?2&%+4'249&$42$'&="4&>$%9&'32@.2'&"=&=.'#&$%?&.%L24-2J4$-2'&R2N/N&
-./24&34$D%'K&'$%?=.'#&$%?&42?&2>324"4UK&$%?&=22?.%/&/4"+%?'&="4&>$%9&'32@.2'&
"=&$?+,-&?2>24'$,&=.'#&R2N/N&J$44$>+%?.&$%?&J,$@[&e2DUK&?+/"%/&$%?&-+4-,2'N&
<2$/4$''&>2$?"D'&$42&$,'"&324>$%2%-&#$J.-$-'&="4&$&D.?2&4$%/2&"=&
.%L24-2J4$-2'K&'+@#&$'&'2$&@+@+>J24'&$%?&>",,+'@'N&&
<2$/4$''&$J+%?$%@2&$-&,"@$-."%'&.%&-#2&A2-&B4"3.@'&42/."%&D$'&>"?24$-2&-"&3""4&
J+-&'-$J,2&.%&):6:V66&R8@X2%Y.2&2-&$,N&):6)UN&E"D2L24K&'./%.=.@$%-&,"''2'&
"@@+442?&.%&2$4,9&):66&$'&$&42'+,-&"=&'./%.=.@$%-&=,""?'K&$%?&"%2&"=&-#2&>"'-&
3"D24=+,&@9@,"%2'&-"&$==2@-&S+22%',$%?&'.%@2&42@"4?'&@">>2%@2?&RB(&Z$'.U&
.>3$@-.%/&-#2&42/."%&J2-D22%&($.4%'&$%?&B"D%'L.,,2N&F'&$&42'+,-K&-#2&@"%?.-."%&"=&
'2$/4$''&>2$?"D'&.%&-#2&42/."%&?2@,.%2?&.%&):66V6)&$%?&D$'&$''2''2?&$'&3""4&
-"&L249&3""4&J9&-#2&88c&RB$J,2&Tf&8@X2%Y.2&2-&$,N&):6;UN&O%?.@$-"4'&"=&
&
6\&
$J+%?$%@2&$%?&4234"?+@-.L2&2=="4-&?2@,.%2?&.%&):66V6)K&D#.,2&23.3#9-2'&D242&
'-$J,2&$%?&%+-4.2%-'&D242&2,2L$-2?N&("$'-$,&.%-24-.?$,&'2$/4$''&>2$?"D'&#$L2&
2W324.2%@2?&-#2&/42$-2'-&?2@,.%2'&R8@X2%Y.2&2-&$,N&):6;UN&
Table!3.!Long0term!status!of!seagrass!meadows!based!on!abundance!in!reef!and!coastal!habitats!of!
the!Wet!Tropics!region:!July!2005!–!May!2012.!Values!are!indexed!scores!scaled!from!00100;!■(=!
very!good!(800100),!■(=!good!(60!0(<80),!■(=!moderate!(40!0(<60),!■(=!poor!(20!0(<40),!■(=!very!poor!
(0!0(<20)((Source:!McKenzie!et!al.!2014).!
A/4"-/-(
-B,%(
566CD6E(
566ED6F(
566FD67(
5667D68(
5668D96(
5696D99(
5699D95(
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.%-24-.?$,&
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;6&
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Ta&
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;7&
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8"%.-"4.%/&42'+,-'&$-&>$%9&@"$'-$,&'.-2'&.%&-#2&%"4-#24%&A2-&B4"3.@'&3".%-&
-"D$4?'&3""4&D$-24&M+$,.-9&@"%?.-."%'K&$'&'2$/4$''&-.''+2&%+-4.2%-&@"%-2%-&
.%?.@$-2'&,./#-&,.>.-$-."%&$%?&%+-4.2%-&2%4.@#>2%-&R82,,"4'&2-&$,N&)::\K&8@X2%Y.2&
2-&$,N&):6:K&8@X2%Y.2&2-&$,N&):6)K&):6;UN&<22?&J$%['&#$L2&$,'"&J22%&%2$4,9&$J'2%-&
=4">&@"$'-$,&$%?&422=&'.-2'&.%&-#2&'"+-#24%&A2-&B4"3.@'&'.%@2&>"%.-"4.%/&D$'&
2'-$J,.'#2?&.%&)::\&R8@X2%Y.2&2-&$,N&):6)UK&@">34">.'.%/&4234"?+@-.L2&2=="4-&
$%?&-#2&42@"L249&3"-2%-.$,&"=&'2$/4$''&>2$?"D'&$,42$?9&.%&3""4&@"%?.-."%N&
g2'3.-2&-#.'&3""4&'-$-2&"=&'2$/4$''&>2$?"D'&.%&-#2&42/."%K&42@"L249&.'&3"''.J,2N&
F42$'&-#$-&#$L2&'+33"4-2?&'2$/4$''&@">>+%.-.2'&.%&-#2&3$'-&@$%&.%&-#2"49&?"&'"&
$/$.%K&34"L.?2?&2%L.4"%>2%-$,&@"%?.-."%'&42>$.%&'+.-$J,2&="4&@","%.'$-."%&$%?&
>$.%-2%$%@2&"=&>2$?"D'&RA2'-"%&$%?&H""'2>&)::;UN&12@2%-&>"%.-"4.%/&42'+,-'&
.%?.@$-2&-#$-&42@"L249&>$9&#$L2&J2/+%&.%&'">2&,"@$-."%'&D.-#&$&'#.=-&-"&-#2&
@","%.Y.%/&'32@.2'&7:%.!28')%R8@X2%Y.2&2-&$,N&):6;UN&*%@2&4202'-$J,.'#2?K&'2$/4$''&
>2$?"D'&$42&2W32@-2?&-"&.%@42$'2&.%&$J+%?$%@2&$%?&?.'-4.J+-."%&.=&
2%L.4"%>2%-$,&@"%?.-."%'&42>$.%&=$L"+4$J,2N&&
Species!of!conservation!concern!
B#2&A2-&B4"3.@'&>$4.%2&42/."%&'+33"4-'&3"3+,$-."%'&"=&-#42$-2%2?&$%?&
L+,%24$J,2&'32@.2'K&.%@,+?.%/&?+/"%/&R@9(.,(%69(.,UK&'.W&>$4.%2&-+4-,2'&'32@.2'&
R/422%K&,"//24#2$?K&#$D['J.,,K&=,$-J$@[K&",.L2&4.?,29&$%?&,2$-#24J$@[UK&="+4&
'32@.2'&"=&.%'#"42&?",3#.%'K&>$%9&'32@.2'&"=&'#"42J.4?'&$%?&'2$J.4?'K&'$D=.'#&
$%?&'#$4['&R'22&B$J,2&;UN&&
B#2&F+'-4$,.$%&'%+J=.%&?",3#.%&A#52"882%&"',).&,'K&F+'-4$,.$%&E+>3J$@[&?",3#.%&
?.9)2%)1:%,.!K&@">>"%&J"--,2%"'2&?",3#.%&>9#)'.1)%<#9,52<9)K&$%?&O%?"^c$@.=.@&
J"--,2%"'2&?",3#.%&>9#)'.1)%269,59)&42@2%-,9&'./#-2?&.%&H.44.%/+%&$%?&
8$%?+J$44$#&<2$&("+%-49&RI$,/$,&I2$@#&%"4-#&-"&O%%.'=$.,U&$42&$,,&42'.?2%-'&.%&
-#2&A2-&B4"3.@'&42/."%&RI2$',29&2-&$,N&):6TUN&g",3#.%&'32@.2'&+'2&-#2&$42$&="4&
=22?.%/&$%?&J422?.%/N&&
&
67&
E+>3J$@[&D#$,2'&RB"(21<"#2%,.!2"2,(8'2"U&L.'.-&-#2&42/."%&2$@#&D.%-24V'34.%/&
-"&@$,L2&$%?&42$4&-#2.4&9"+%/N&F%"-#24&'32@.2'&-#$-&L.'.-'&-#2&A2-&B4"3.@'&@"$'-&
?+4.%/&D.%-24&.'&-#2&?D$4=&>.%[2&D#$,2&RC282",.1<"#2%259<.#.)<#2<2UN&O%&=$@-K&-#2&
42/."%&.'&$%&.>3"4-$%-&#$J.-$-&="4&-#.'&'32@.2'&$%?&.-&.'&42/+,$4,9&'./#-2?&"%&-#2&
1.JJ"%&122='&J2-D22%&($.4%'&$%?&d.Y$4?&O',$%?&.%&!+%2&$%?&!+,9&2$@#&92$4&R8$4'#&
$%?&("4[24"%&6bbaUN&&
B#2&.%'#"42&@"$'-$,&$42$'&"=&-#2&A2-&B4"3.@'&34"L.?2&.>3"4-$%-&#$J.-$-&="4&
/422%K&,"//24#2$?K&#$D['J.,,&$%?&=,$-J$@[&-+4-,2'N&*,.L2&4.?,29&$%?&,2$-#24J$@[&
-+4-,2'&#$L2&$,'"&J22%&42@"4?2?&J+-&.%&>+@#&,"D24&%+>J24'N&B#2&42/."%&.'&$&
=22?.%/&$%?&>.%"4&%2'-.%/&$42$&="4&/422%&$%?&=,$-J$@[&-+4-,2'&D#.,2&"-#24&>$4.%2&
-+4-,2&'32@.2'&$,'"&+'2&-#2&$42$N&C2'-.%/&J9&/422%&$%?&=,$-J$@[&-+4-,2'&.'&'@$--242?&
$>"%/&-#2&>$%9&>$.%,$%?&$%?&.',$%?&J2$@#2'&.%&-#2&42/."%N&O-&.'&,"D&,2L2,&
@">3$42?&-"&-#2&>$.%&%2'-.%/&'.-2'K&D#.@#&$42&,"@$-2?&.%&-#2&'"+-#24%&$%?&=$4&
%"4-#24%&42/."%'&"=&-#2&HI1N&F,,&'32@.2'&"=&>$4.%2&-+4-,2'&="+%?&.%&F+'-4$,.$%&
D$-24'&$42&,.'-2?&+%?24&-#2&D,!'#.,;",<%E#.<"5<'.,%2,6%C'.6'!"#)'<$%3.,)"#!2<'.,%
45<%FGGG&RB$J,2&;UN&
<2$/4$''&J2?'&.%&.%'#"42&$42$'&$%?&$''"@.$-2?&D.-#&@"4$,&422='&'+33"4-&$%&
2'-.>$-2?&3"3+,$-."%&"=&'2L24$,&#+%?42?&?+/"%/K&,.'-2?&$'&L+,%24$J,2&+%?24&-#2&
H9"",)82,6%I2<9#"%3.,)"#!2<'.,%45<%JKKF&RB$J,2&;UN&B#2&E.%@#.%J4""[&O',$%?&
42/."%&'+33"4-'&"%2&"=&-#2&>"'-&.>3"4-$%-&?+/"%/&3"3+,$-."%'&$,"%/&-#2&+4J$%&
@"$'-&"=&S+22%',$%?&R'"+-#&"=&c"4-&g"+/,$'UN&8"?2,,.%/&$%?&$24.$,&'+4L29'&
'+//2'-&-#$-&-#2&A2-&B4"3.@'&?+/"%/&3"3+,$-."%&?2@,.%2?&J2-D22%&-#2&6b7:'&$%?&
-#2&6ba:'K&'-$J.,.'2?&@".%@.?2%-&D.-#&-#2&.%-4"?+@-."%&"=&>$4.%2&3$4[&Y"%.%/&$%?&
g+/"%/&c4"-2@-."%&F42$'K&$%?&-#2%&?2@,.%2?&.%&42@2%-&92$4'&?+2&-"&-#2&#$J.-$-&
,"''&$''"@.$-2?&D.-#&2W-42>2&D2$-#24&2L2%-'&J2-D22%&)::b&$%?&):66&REN&8$4'#&
324'&@">>UN&&
Table!4.!Conservation!status!of!fauna!found!in!the!Wet!Tropics!marine!region!(Source:!EPBC!
website7,!NCA!website8).!EPBC!–!Environment!Protection!and!Biodiversity!Conservation!Act!2000;!
NCA!–!Queensland!Nature!Conservation!Act!1992.!
G#HH#'('/H%(
G#'*%$@/-"#'(*-/-3*(
IJ!G(
KGL(
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C"&'-$-+'&
i+,%24$J,2&
E+>3J$@[&D#$,2&
i+,%24$J,2&
i+,%24$J,2&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
`&#--35VVDDDN2%L.4"%>2%-N/"LN$+V@/.^
J.%V'34$-V3+J,.@V3+J,.@-#42$-2%2?,.'-N3,oD$%-2?p=$+%$q>$>>$,'r2W-.%@-&&
a&#--35VVDDDN2#3NM,?N/"LN$+VD.,?,.=2&&
&
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O44$D$??9&?",3#.%&
C"&'-$-+'&
C2$4&-#42$-2%2?&
O%?"^c$@.=.@&#+>3J$@[&?",3#.%&
C"&'-$-+'&
C2$4&-#42$-2%2?&
F+'-4$,.$%&'%+J=.%&?",3#.%&
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C2$4&-#42$-2%2?&
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0,$-J$@[&-+4-,2&
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i+,%24$J,2&
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d2$-#24J$@[&-+4-,2&
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_%?$%/242?&
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_%?$%/242?&
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_%?$%/242?&
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i+,%24$J,2&
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(4.-.@$,,9&2%?$%/242?&
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M')&")&
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'32$4-""-#K&/429&%+4'2U&
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&
O%&-#2&A2-&B4"3.@'&42/."%&-#242&.'&"%2&'.-2&"=&42/."%$,&'./%.=.@$%@2&="4&'#"42J.4?'&
G&-#2&c"4-&"=&($.4%'&$%?&B4.%.-9&O%,2-&G&-#$-&.'&"%&$&>./4$-"49&3$-#D$9&="4&D$?24'&
-#$-&J422?&.%&F4@-.@&<.J24.$&$%?&F,$'[$&RI,$@[>$%&2-&$,N&6bb7UN&<2L2%-22%&'32@.2'&
#$L2&J22%&42@"4?2?&$'&42/+,$4&=22?24'&R2N/N&'#$43^-$.,2?&'$%?3.324K&J$4^-$.,2?&
/"?D.-U&$%?&)b&'32@.2'&$'&"@@$'."%$,&L.'.-"4'N&O'",$-2?&J2$@#2'&$,"%/&-#2&A2-&
B4"3.@'&@"$'-&R2N/N&E.%@#.%J4""[&O',$%?K&($'+$4.%$&c".%-U&$,'"&34"L.?2&.>3"4-$%-&
J422?.%/&'.-2'&="4&-#2&J2$@#&'-"%2&@+4,2D&RD)259)%,"(8"5<9)UN&F'&$&/4"+%?^%2'-.%/&
'32@.2'&.-&.'&'2%'.-.L2&-"&#+>$%&?.'-+4J$%@2K&$%?&342?$-."%&J9&@$-'K&?"/'&$%?&=24$,&
&
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@+4,2D&.'&,.'-2?&$'&QL+,%24$J,2P&+%?24&-#2&H9"",)82,6%I2<9#"%3.,)"#!2<'.,%45<%
JKKFN&
B#2&HI1&A"4,?&E24.-$/2&F42$&'+33"4-'&J2-D22%&6N;&$%?&6N`&>.,,."%&-4"3.@$,&
'2$J.4?'&-#$-&L.'.-&-#2&42/."%&-"&=22?&$%?&4""'-&RB+4%24&2-&$,N&)::7K&HI18cF&
)::aUK&.%@,+?.%/&J422?.%/&3"3+,$-."%'&"=&))&'32@.2'&-#$-&+'2&-#2&.',$%?'&$%?&@$9'&
RX.%/&6bbTUN&8$%9&"=&-#2'2&'32@.2'&"=&'2$J.4?'&$42&42'.?2%-&.%&-#2&A2-&B4"3.@'&
42/."%K&D#.,2&"-#24'&L.'.-&$'&3$4-&"=&-#2.4&$%%+$,&>./4$-."%'K&'+@#&$'&-#2&@">>"%&
-24%N&("4$,&@$9&L2/2-$-."%K&3$4-.@+,$4,9&c.'"%.$&4$.%="42'-K&34"L.?2'&.>3"4-$%-&
%2'-.%/&'.-2'&.%&-#2&42/."%&RB$J,2&\UN&*%2&"=&-#2&-D"&>"'-&.>3"4-$%-&'2$J.4?&
%2'-.%/&.',$%?'&.%&-#2&HI1&G&8.@#$2,>$'&($9&G&.'&,"@$-2?&.%&-#2&A2-&B4"3.@'&
42/."%K&%"4-#2$'-&"=&($.4%'N&8.@#$2,>$'&($9&'+33"4-'&J422?.%/&3$.4'&"=&'""-9&
-24%K&@">>"%&%"??9'K&$%?&@42'-2?&-24%'&J+-&?+2&-"&,"''&"=&L2/2-$-."%&$%?&@$9&
$42$&%"&,"%/24&'+33"4-'&$'&>$%9&%2'-.%/&3$.4'&RS+22%',$%?&c$4['&s&A.,?,.=2&
'2$J.4?&>"%.-"4.%/UN&
Table!5.!Significant!seabird!nesting!sites!in!the!Wet!Tropics!region!and!noted!changes!to!site!status!
(Source:!Weeton!and!Goosem!2004,!Turner!et!al.!in!prep).!
.#+/-"#'((
M*340$%&"#'N(
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• 12?+@2?&$42$&'.%@2&)::a&
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C"4-#&$%?&<"+-#&I$4%$4?'&
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B$9"4&($9'&
O%-24-.?$,&'$%?&@$9'&D.-#&%"&
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8"+%?&Rc+4-$J".U&
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@2%-4$,&@"$'-$,&42/."%&RE"32&O'&-"&($32&I"D,.%/&H422%&-#$-&.%@,+?2'&-#2&A2-&
B4"3.@'U&'+33"4-'&$&?.L24'.-9&"=&'32@.2'&.%@,+?.%/&-#2&@">>"%&%"??9K&J4.?,2?K&
'""-9K&J,$@[^%$32?K&,2''24&@42'-2?&$%?&@42'-2?&-24%'N&B#2&-2>3"4$,&3$--24%&.%&
&
6b&
J422?.%/&$@-.L.-9&'#"D'&32$[&$@-.L.-9&.%&-#2&,$--24&#$,=&"=&-#2&6ba:'&$%?&,$--24&
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Figure!2.!Reef!survey!results!after!TC!Yasi!with!pie!charts!representing!the!level!of!damage!at!each!
site.!The!histogram!provides!a!stacked!composite!of!the!pie!charts!to!clearly!illustrate!the!damage!
pattern!across!the!survey!area!(Source:!GBRMPA!2011).!
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!"#%'-"%2&1+''2,,^8+,/4$L2&'+J^42/."%'&"=&-#2&A2-&B4"3.@'K&#.%?24.%/&3"'-^
@9@,"%2&42@"L249&"=&422='&RB#">3'"%&2-&$,N&):6TUN&&
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-"&T\&^&;:m(K&3#"-"'9%-#2'.'&?2@,.%2'&?+2&-"&-#2&J42$[?"D%&"=&3#"-"'9%-#2-.@&
2%Y9>2'&R1$,3#&6bbaU&$%?&@$%&42'+,-&.%&42?+@2?&/4"D-#&4$-2'&RA$9@"--&2-&$,N&
):66UN&F,-#"+/#&-2>324$-+42&-",24$%@2&L$4.2'&J2-D22%&'32@.2'&$%?&'2$'"%'&
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'+4L.L2&-2>324$-+42'&&/42$-24&-#$%&;:m(&="4&'#"4-&324."?'K&$%?&34","%/2?&
2W3"'+42&,2$?'&-"&-#2&QJ+4%.%/P&"=&,2$L2'&"4&3,$%-&>"4-$,.-9&RA$9@"--&2-&$,N&):66UN&
O%&-#2&A2-&B4"3.@'K&%"&2W-42>2&D$-24&-2>324$-+42'&#$L2&J22%&42@"4?2?&D.-#.%&
-#2&'2$/4$''&@$%"39&"L24&-#2&3$'-&=2D&92$4'&"=&>"%.-"4.%/&R8@X2%Y.2&2-&$,N&
):6;UN&
<-+?.2'&"%&8.@#$2,>$'&($9&%"4-#2$'-&"=&($.4%'&#$L2&,.%[2?&3""4&'2$J.4?&="4$/.%/&
$%?&J422?.%/&'+@@2''&-"&,"@$,.'2?&.%@42$'2'&.%&'2$&'+4=$@2&-2>324$-+42'&$%?&
.%-2%'2&_C<*&@"%?.-."%'&R<>.-#24'&2-&$,N&)::TK&c2@[&2-&$,N&)::;K&g2L%29&2-&$,N&
)::b$K&g2L%29&2-&$,N&):6:UN&(",,2@-.L2,9&-#.'&2L.?2%@2&#$'&/2%24$-2?&'+==.@.2%-&
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34"-"@",'&RHI18cF&)::7UN&
Cumulative!pressures!
F%$,9'.'&"=&@+>+,$-.L2&342''+42'&.%&-#2&H42$-&I$44.24&122=&G&2W3"'+42&-"&
=42'#D$-24&.%3+-&=4">&=,""?'K&@9@,"%2'K&@4"D%^"=^-#"4%'&'-$4=.'#&"+-J42$['&$%?&
-#24>$,&'-42''&G&J2-D22%&)::6&$%?&):66&="+%?&'">2&$42$'&"=&#./#2'-&42,$-.L2&
2W3"'+42&.%&-#2&.%'#"42&A2-&B4"3.@'&R0./+42&Tf&8$9%$4?&2-&$,N&):6TUN&B#242&D242&
$,'"&$42$'&"=&,"D2'-&42,$-.L2&2W3"'+42&.%&-#2&42/."%K&.%&3$4-.@+,$4K&'">2&"=&-#2&
.%'#"42&#$J.-$-'&J2-D22%&(""[-"D%&$%?&($.4%'N&0"4&422=&$42$'K&-#2&#./#2'-&
42,$-.L2&2W3"'+42&422='&$42&.%&-#2&=$4&%"4-#24%K&"=='#"42&$%?&6::&-"&)::&[>&%"4-#&
$%?&'"+-#&"=&(""[-"D%&R'22&0./+42&;UN&
&
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&
Figure!3.!Cumulative!exposure!map!for!the!Great!Barrier!Reef!combining!freshwater!inundation,!
positive!summer!sea!surface!temperature!anomalies,!and!damaging!waves!from!tropical!cyclones.!
Data!are!scaled!from!0!to!1!with!1!being!the!site!with!the!highest!cumulative!score!(Source:!
Maynard!et!al.!2013).!
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Figure!4.!Cumulative!exposure!map!for!reefs!in!the!Great!Barrier!Reef!combining!freshwater!
inundation,!thermal!stress!severe!enough!to!cause!bleaching,!crownHofHthorns!starfish!and!
damaging!waves!from!tropical!cyclones.!Data!are!scaled!from!0!to!1!with!1!being!the!site!with!the!
highest!cumulative!score!(Source:!Maynard!et!al.!2013).!!
O%-242'-.%/,9K&-#2&2W3"'+42&"=&-#2&A2-&B4"3.@'&>$4.%2&$42$&-"&?.'-+4J$%@2'&
?2@42$'2'&%"-.@2$J,9&.=&(*B<&$42&42>"L2?&=4">&-#2&$%$,9'.'K&.%?.@$-.%/&-#$-&(*B<&
$42&$&'./%.=.@$%-&?4.L24&"=&@#$%/2&="4&@"4$,&422='&.%&-#2&42/."%N&B#.'&.'&%"-&
'+434.'.%/K&'.%@2&(*B<&"+-J42$['&$42&[%"D%&-"&.%.-.$-2&.%&-#2&A2-&B4"3.@'&42/."%K&
&
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$%?&#$L2&J22%&.?2%-.=.2?&$'&$&'./%.=.@$%-&@"%-4.J+-"4&-"&?2@,.%2'&.%&@"4$,&@"L24&
Rg2P$-#&2-&$,N&):6)UN&&&
*L24$,,K&-#2&@#$%/.%/&@,.>$-2&$'&"J'24L2?&$%?&342?.@-2?&D.-#.%&-#2&H42$-&I$44.24&
122=&D.,,&.%@42$'2&-#2&=42M+2%@9&D.-#&D#.@#&@"4$,&422='K&'2$/4$''&>2$?"D'K&$%?&
@"$'-$,&D2-,$%?'&$42&J2.%/&?.'-+4J2?&J9&2W-42>2&2L2%-'&'+@#&$'&=,""?'K&-4"3.@$,&
@9@,"%2'&$%?&-#24>$,&'-42''N&12'3"%'2&-"&$%?&42@"L249&$=-24&-#2'2&$@+-2&2L2%-'&
D.,,&J2&2W$@24J$-2?&J9&@#4"%.@&3""4&D$-24&M+$,.-9K&D#.@#&$,'"&.%=,+2%@2'&"-#24&
?4.L24'&"=&2@"'9'-2>&@"%?.-."%&'+@#&$'&@4"D%^"=^-#"4%'&'-$4=.'#&"+-J42$['&$%?&
?.'2$'2N&B#2&>$/%.-+?2&"=&.>3$@-'&$%?&-#2&$J.,.-9&"=&2@"'9'-2>'&-"&42@"L24&=4">&
-#2'2&2L2%-'&"4&-4$%'.-."%&-"&$%&$,-24%$-.L2&'-$-2K&D.,,&?232%?&"%5&R.U&-#2.4&
@"%?.-."%&34."4&-"&-#2&?.'-+4J$%@2K&R..U&@#4"%.@&2%L.4"%>2%-$,&342''+42'K&'+@#&$'&
D$-24&M+$,.-9K&$%?&R...U&-#2&42-+4%&324."?&J2-D22%&2L2%-'&@">3$42?&D.-#&
42@"L249&-.>2&R!"#%'"%&2-&$,N&):6TUN&
&
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Knowledge!Gaps!and!Recommendations!
B#2&A2-&B4"3.@'&.'&$&42/."%&-#$-&#$'&J22%&-#2&'+Je2@-&"=&$&%+>J24&"=&?2-$.,2?&
@$'2&'-+?.2'&"%&>$4.%2&'9'-2>'&$%?&D$-24&M+$,.-9&R2N/N&0$J4.@.+'&2-&$,N&)::\K&
g2L,.%&2-&$,N&):6)K&B#">3'"%&2-&$,N&):6TUN&E"D2L24K&$&J2--24&+%?24'-$%?.%/&"=&
-#2&$@-+$,&.%=,+2%@2&"=&3""4&D$-24&M+$,.-9&"%&>$4.%2&$''2-&@"%?.-."%&42,$-.L2&-"&
"-#24&-#42$-'K&'+@#&$'&@#$%/.%/&@,.>$-2&?4.L24'&$%?&@"$'-$,&+4J$%&?2L2,"3>2%-K&
.'&'-.,,&%22?2?N&O-&.'&"=-2%&?.==.@+,-&-"&-2$'2&"+-&-#2&42,$-.L2&@"%-4.J+-."%&"=&
?.==242%-&342''+42'&"%&?2@,.%.%/&#$J.-$-&@"%?.-."%K&$%?&D#.,2&-#2&g2P$-#&2-&$,N&
R):6)U&'-+?9&>$?2&'./%.=.@$%-&34"/42''&.%&-#.'&$42$K&.-&=$.,2?&-"&2W3,.@.-,9&@"%'.?24&
3""4&D$-24&M+$,.-9&$'&$&?4.L24&"=&422=&@#$%/2N&A.-#"+-&-#.'&.%="4>$-."%K&$%9&/$.%'&
.%&2@"'9'-2>&@"%?.-."%&$'&$&42'+,-&"=&D$-24&M+$,.-9&.>34"L2>2%-'&@$%%"-&J2&
$@@+4$-2,9&>2$'+42?N&&
B"&'+33"4-&'+@#&$%&$334"$@#K&$&@">3$4.'"%&"=&-#2&L$4."+'&,"%/^-24>&>"%.-"4.%/&
?$-$&.'&%22?2?N&(+442%-,9&-#242&?.==242%-&>2-#"?'&+'2?&J9&?.==242%-&/4"+3'&-"&
+%?24-$[2&422=&>"%.-"4.%/K&.%@,+?.%/&J9&-#2&FO8<&dB8cK&122=&12'@+2&8$4.%2&
8"%.-"4.%/&c4"/4$>K&122=&(#2@[&F+'-4$,.$&$%?&-#2&HI18cF&_92&"%&-#2&122=&
c4"/4$>N&B#2&?$-$&$42&@",,2@-2?&+'.%/&?.==242%-&>2-#"?'&G&>$%-$&-"DK&L.?2"&
-4$%'2@-'K&3".%-&'$>3,.%/&$%?&4$3.?&$''2''>2%-'&G&"L24&?.==242%-&-.>2&324."?'&
$%?&'2$'"%'K&$%?&$-&?.==242%-&'.-2'N&O-&.'&%"-&'+434.'.%/&-#242="42K&-#$-&42'+,-'&?"&
%"-&34"L.?2&$&@"%'.'-2%-&>2''$/2K&$%?&$42&$-&J2'-&@"%=+'.%/&$%?&$-&D"4'-K&
@"%-4$?.@-"49N&O%&"4?24&-"&-2$'2&"+-&-#2&42,$-.L2&@"%-4.J+-."%&"=&D$-24&M+$,.-9&$%?&
"-#24&?4.L24'&"=&@#$%/2&"%&2@"'9'-2>&@"%?.-."%K&.-&.'&2''2%-.$,&-#$-&-#2&@"%?.-."%&
"=&-#2&HI1&2@"'9'-2>&J2&$@@+4$-2,9&423"4-2?N&
F%"-#24&'./%.=.@$%-&?4.L24&"=&@#$%/2&"=&A2-&B4"3.@'&@"4$,&422='&.'&(*B<&Rg2P$-#&2-&
$,N&):6)UN&(.4@+>'-$%-.$,&2L.?2%@2&'+33"4-'&-#2&-#2"49&-#$-&2,2L$-2?&
-2442'-4.$,,9^?24.L2?&%+-4.2%-'&2%#$%@2&,$4L$,&'+4L.L$,&?+4.%/&324."?'&=",,"D.%/&
#./#&4.L24&=,"D'&R0+4%$'&2-&$,N&):6TUN&E"D2L24K&-#.'&.%.-.$-."%&>2@#$%.'>&.'&'-.,,&
%"-&=+,,9&+%?24'-""?K&.%@,+?.%/&#"D&>+@#&"=&$&42?+@-."%&.%&$/4.@+,-+4$,&%.-4"/2%&
.%3+-&.'&42M+.42?&-"&42?+@2&$%?V"4&2,.>.%$-2&(*B<&"+-J42$[&=42M+2%@9N&
h%?24'-$%?.%/&-#2&2%L.4"%>2%-$,&@"%?.-."%'&-#$-&?4.L2&-#42'#",?'&-"&J2&@4"''2?&
$%?&.?2%-.=9.%/&'32@.=.@&@">>+%.-.2'&"4&#$J.-$-'&-#$-&$42&"%&-#2&J4.%[&"=&@4"''.%/&
$&-#42'#",?&$42&@4.-.@$,&="4&J2.%/&$J,2&-"&'+@@2''=+,,9&>$%$/2&342''+42'&"%&
>$4.%2&2@"'9'-2>'K&.%@,+?.%/&?2/4$?2?&D$-24&M+$,.-9N&A#2%&'+@#&$%&2@","/.@$,&
-#42'#",?&#$'&J22%&3$''2?K&-#2&2@"'9'-2>&>$9&%"&,"%/24&J2&$J,2&-"&42-+4%&-"&$&
'-$J,2&'-$-2&$%?&-#.'&@$%&,2$?&-"&4$3.?&?2@,.%2'&.%&2@"'9'-2>$,-#&RH4"==>$%&2-&
$,N&)::7UN&O?2%-.=9.%/&-#42'#",?'&"=&42'3"%'2&D#2%&>$4.%2&$%?&@"$'-$,&
2@"'9'-2>'&?2@,.%2&.442L24'.J,9&$%?&%"&$>"+%-&"=&D$-24&M+$,.-9&.>34"L2>2%-&
D.,,&42'+,-&.%&2@","/.@$,&J2%2=.-'&D.,,&34"L.?2&L$,+$J,2&.%="4>$-."%&-"&@$-@#>2%-&
>$%$/2>2%-N&
&
TT&
F??42''.%/&D$-24&M+$,.-9&D.,,&42'+,-&.%&.>34"L2>2%-'&-"&-#2&'-$-+'&$%?&-42%?'&"=&
>$4.%2&$%?&@"$'-$,&$''2-'&.%&-#2&A2-&B4"3.@'&42/."%K&$%?&=$@.,.-$-2&2%#$%@2?&
42'.,.2%@2&-"&"-#24&-#42$-'K&'+@#&$'&@,.>$-2&@#$%/2N&B#2&ASOc&34"L.?2'&$&-$4/2-2?&
>2@#$%.'>&="4&$??42''.%/&$/4.@+,-+4$,&%+-4.2%-&$%?&32'-.@.?2&.%3+-'&-"&-#2&
>$4.%2&2%L.4"%>2%-N&E"D2L24K&.-&'#"+,?&J2&42@"/%.Y2?&-#$-&'">2&342''+42'&"%&
>$4.%2&$%?&@"$'-$,&$''2-'&$42&"+-'.?2&-#2&'@"32&"=&-#2&c,$%&$%?&D.,,&@"%-.%+2&-"&
?4.L2&?2@,.%2'&.%&2@"'9'-2>&@"%?.-."%N&<+@#&342''+42'K&="4&2W$>3,2&@,.>$-2&
@#$%/2&$%?&@"$'-$,&+4J$%&?2L2,"3>2%-K&%22?&-"&J2&$??42''2?&-#4"+/#&"-#24&
@""4?.%$-2?&.%-24/"L24%>2%-$,&.%.-.$-.L2'N&
&
&
T;&
Conclusions!
8$4.%2&$%?&@"$'-$,&2@"'9'-2>'&.%&-#2&A2-&B4"3.@'&42/."%&#$L2&$,D$9'&J22%&
?9%$>.@&D.-#&324."?'&"=&42@"L249&$%?&>$.%-2%$%@2&3+%@-+$-2?&J9&?.'-+4J$%@2'N&
g.'-+4J$%@2&=42M+2%@.2'&#$L2&J22%&.%@42$'.%/&42@2%-,9&$%?&>"42&"=&-#2&'$>2&.'&
2W32@-2?&.%&@">.%/&?2@$?2'N&<9%-#2'.'.%/&42@2%-&>"%.-"4.%/&42'+,-'&="4&>$4.%2&
$%?&@"$'-$,&$''2-'&.%&-#2&42/."%&34"L.?2'&$&'%$3'#"-&"=&-#2.4&@+442%-&'-$-+'&$%?&
-42%?'K&$%?&-#2&342''+42'&-#$-&D.,,&.>3$@-&"%&-#2>&.%-"&-#2&=+-+42&RB$J,2&7UN&&
Table!6.!Assessment!matrix!summarising!the!value!of!coastal!and!marine!assets!in!the!Wet!Tropics!
region,!their!current!status,!trends!of!change,!and!future!pressures!and!threats.!This!assessment!is!
based!on!the!best!currently!available!information!and!in!cases!where!information!is!limited,!relies!
on!expert!judgement.!Pressures!in!blue!are!those!that!cannot!be!managed!by!the!WQIP!(if!at!all).!
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