Article

Avrainvillea calithina (Udoteaceae, Bryopsidales), a new green alga from Lord Howe Island, NSW, Australia

Authors:
Gerald T Kraft at University of Melbourne
Gerald T Kraft
Jeanine Olsen-Stojkovich
Jeanine Olsen-Stojkovich
Jeanine Olsen-Stojkovich
  • This person is not on ResearchGate, or hasn't claimed this research yet.
Download citation
To read the full-text of this research, you can request a copy directly from the authors.

Abstract

A new species, Avrainvillea calithina, is described from Lord Howe Island and the southern Great Barrier Reef in eastern Australia. A member of the ‘longicaulis’ group of the genus, it is distinguished from its closest relatives by the ‘sugar-scoop’ form of the mature blades and the extremely cohesive outer siphon layers (pseudocortex) which give plants a firm but pliable texture. In addition to its unusual habit and anatomy, A. calithina contrasts strongly with most other species by its generally deep-water habitats [(1.5–)5–28 m] and its susceptibility, at the northern limits of its known distribution, to grazing by fish.

No full-text available

Request Full-text Paper PDF

To read the full-text of this research,
you can request a copy directly from the authors.

... On the basis of a morphological analysis, Olsen-Stojkovich ( (Agardh, 1887;Murray & Boodle, 1889;Howe, 1905;Børgesen, 1909;Gepp & Gepp, 1911;Kraft & Olsen-Stojkovich, 1985;Olsen-Stojkovich, 1985;Huisman, 2015). Characteristics of the 'longicaulis' group are (i) stipes simple to branched once to many times near base, each branch bearing a single terminal blade, (ii) siphons cylindrical moniliform, torulose to tortuous, and (iii) siphon dichotomies deeply constricted. ...
... The species has been observed all year round (Abbott & Huisman, 2004;Peyton, 2009). Except for A. calathina, which can be heavily grazed, most species of Avrainvillea produce toxic secondary metabolites and appear to be grazer-resistant (Sun et al., 1983;Kraft & Olsen-Stojkovich, 1985;Littler & Littler, 1992). Only highly specialised herbivores Gorshkov (1976Gorshkov ( , 1978Gorshkov ( , 1980. ...
Introduction of a New Potential Invader into the Mediterranean Sea: The Indo-Pacific Avrainvillea amadelpha (Montagne) A. Gepp & E.S. Gepp (Dichotomosiphonaceae, Ulvophyceae)
Article
  • Aug 2017
The Indo-Pacific species Avrainvillea amadelpha (Montagne) A. Gepp & E.S. Gepp is reported for the first time from the Mediterranean Sea (Kerkennah Islands, Tunisia). The species is considered as introduced and invasive in the Hawaiian Archipelago. The Mediterranean specimens are studied and the reproductive structures are described and illustrated here for the first time. The possible origins and vectors of this introduction and the risk of propagation of the species in the Mediterranean Sea are discussed.
View
... Morphoanatomical observations were mainly based on the monographies of Olsen-Stojkovich (1985), Gepp & Gepp (1911) and Littler & Littler (1992), as well as occasional species descriptions available in the literature (e.g. Yamada, 1932;Trono, 1971;Kraft & Olsen-Stojkovich, 1985). Characters of interest included habit types (individual or cluster), the external morphology of the thallus (with or without stipe; blade, stipe and holdfast aspect, etc.), siphon shape (cylindrical, tortuous, torulose, moniliform), the colour of the different parts of the thallus, and the shape of the dichotomies and apices. ...
Diversity of the genus Avrainvillea (Dichotomosiphonaceae, Chlorophyta): new insights and eight new species
Article
  • Feb 2023
Avrainvillea is a green macroalgal genus of the family Dichotomosiphonaceae (order Bryopsidales). Many species have been morphologically described, but few studies have addressed the genetic diversity of this genus. Based on a rich collection of specimens from the tropical Western Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans, we aimed to (1) reassess Avrainvillea species diversity through species delimitation analyses, (2) update their distribution ranges, (3) reconstruct the species phylogenetic relationships, based on a concatenated multilocus matrix (tufA, rbcL and 18S rDNA) and (4) revise their taxonomy and describe new species where necessary. Our species delimitation approach highlighted 23 secondary species hypotheses in our collection, including nine known and currently accepted species, four species complexes (A. amadelpha, A. lacerata, A. erecta-obscura and A. mazei-nigricans), and eight new species for which we provide descriptions: A. laciniata (Papua New Guinea), A. minima and A. pyrochroma (Madagascar), A. mollis and A. kanakiensis (New Caledonia), A. pavonina (Fiji), A. spongiosa (Pacific) and A. corticata (Indo-Pacific). We also propose the resurrection of A. gracillima Børgesen, the reinstatement of Avrainvillea lacerata var. robustior A.Gepp & E.S.Gepp, and the synonymy of A. rotumensis A.D.R.N’Yeurt, D.S.Littler & Littler with A. pacifica A.Gepp & E.S.Gepp. We complemented the taxonomic work by providing a contemporary dichotomous key for morphological identification of all extant species. Our multilocus phylogeny included 25 species of Dichotomosiphonaceae and recovered Avrainvillea as a polyphyletic group, divided into three distinct clades, with Cladocephalus luteofuscus positioned within the group. The species determined using the species delimitation approach were all monophyletic and 19 of them were highly supported. For the first time, this study also provided genetic sequences for A. asarifolia, A. clavatiramea, A. digitata, A. elliottii, A. fulva, A. gracillima, A. geppiorum, A. pacifica and A. obscura. HIGHLIGHTS • • Avrainvillea is not monophyletic. • • Reassessment of Avrainvillea species diversity delimited 23 secondary species hypotheses. • • Eight new species of Avrainvillea were discovered in the Indo-Pacific.
View
View
Avrainvillea rotumensis sp. nov. (Bryopsidales, Chlorophyta), a peltate species from the South Pacific
Article
Full-text available
  • Jun 1996
  • PHYCOL RES
SUMMARYA new species of Avrainvillea was found on the South Pacific island of Rotuma, Fiji. Avrainvillea rotumensis sp. nov. occurs 1.5-3.0 m deep in a high energy current area of the Hoféa Passage, one of the few openings in the fringing reef that surrounds the island. The distinctive peltate growth habit of A. rotumensis is unique for the genus and facilitates quick and accurate field identification. The peltate blade (7–9 cm in diameter at maturity) is unusually thick (34 mm) tapering toward a short (up to 6 cm in length), thick (1.5-2.0 cm in diameter) stipe.
View
The Marine Algae of Lord Howe Island (New South Wales): The Dictyotales and Cutleriales (Phaeophyta)
Article
  • Jan 1983
Lord Howe Island (31°33'S., lat.; 159°05'E. long.) lies c. 600 km east of the Australian mainland and is fringed by the world's southernmost coral reefs. It possesses a rich marine flora which is heavily dominated by brown algae of the order Dictyotales, of which 22 species in 11 genera occur on the island. Most species show tropical affinities, although several have restricted occurrences on the central eastern seaboard of the continent in addition to Lord Howe, and a few are recorded from the Kermadec Islands some 2150 km further east. Two species (Distromium didymothrix; Pachydictyon aegerrime) and two varieties (Stypopodium flabelliforme var. rhabdoides; Dictyota bartayresii var. plectens) are described as new and are at present known only from the island, while Padina boergesenii has been erected for a well known Caribbean species also found at Lord Howe and which, following examination of type material, can no longer be properly referred to P. gymnospora (Kuetz.) Vickers. Two new combinations [Stypopodium australasicum (Zan.) Allender & Kraft; Dilophus intermedius (Zan.) Allender & Kraft] are also made. The order Cutleriales is represented at Lord Howe by a single newly described species, Cutleria mollis, whose abundant sporophytic (Aglaozonia) stage is very Zonaria-like in habit.
View