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Specklinia lugduno-batavae (Pleurothallidinae: Orchidaceae), a new species in the S. digitalis group
Abstract and Figures
Specklinia lugduno-batavae from the Caribbean lowlands of Nicaragua and Costa Rica is formally described and illustrated. The new species belongs to the Specklinia digitalis group and can be recognised by the creeping habit, purple spotted abaxial surface of the leaf and the almost immaculate whitish cream flowers, which are produced in succession on a very short, flexuous inflorescence. The name honours Leiden University and the Hortus botanicus Leiden. The novelty is compared with its closest relatives, Specklinia digitalis, S. pisinna and S. succulenta.
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We provide a general introduction to the prodromi to Flora Costaricensis, and an introduction to the precursors of subtribe Pleurothallidinae. We present a systematic revision of the genus Echinosepala for the flora of Costa Rica and a detailed discussion of molecular evidence with regard to most Costa Rican taxa, aimed at phylogenetically framing Echinosepala within the subtribe Pleurothallidinae, recognizing internal relationships among the species in the genus, and proposing evolutionary hypotheses. We recognize 10 species of Echinosepala in Costa Rica. Each species is described and illustrated with one or more botanical drawings and photographs, all based on Costa Rican material. Etymology, distribution, ecology, distinguishing features, and affinities with other taxa in the genus are discussed, taxonomic notes are provided, and a list of selected material examined for this study is included for each taxon. Two new species of Echinosepala, E. glenioides and E. isthmica, are described and illustrated, and their relationships are discussed. New combinations are proposed in Echinosepala for Pleurothallis alexandrae and P. pastacensis, and the former species is neotypified.
The present paper focuses on the systematics of the Specklinia glandulosa species complex. Traditionally, S. glandulosa has been considered a widely distributed and variable species, ranging from Mexico to the guiana Shield. Here it is treated as one of at least six different, albeit closely related, species. of these species, S. pertenuis and S. vittariifolia, are recognized as distinct species and removed from the synonymy of S. glandulosa, and S. alajuelensis and S. gersonii are described and il- lustrated as new to science. Specklinia chontalensis is described and illustrated from living, Costa rican material. Specklinia alajuelensis is compared with S. glandulosa and S. vittariifolia, from which it differs in its broader leaves, multi-flowered, lax inflorescence that surpasses the leaves, and smaller petals and sepals. Specklinia gersonii is compared with S. glandu- losa, from which it differs in the smaller leaves, and the smaller, orange flowers.
We estimated phylogenetic relationships within Anathallis and related genera using Bayesian analyses of nrITS sequence data. The genus is biphyletic in the molecular trees. A novel generic concept, Lankesteriana, is proposed for the species Anathallis barbulata and 19 close relatives. The genus is more closely related to some species of Trichosalpinx and Zootrophion than to Anathallis s.s. Species previously transferred from Pleurothallis subgen. Acuminatia sect. Acuminatae to Anathallis, are here transferred to Stelis, to which they are related phylogenetically. A few additional transfers to Anathallis are made. Lankesteriana is described and characterized, and the necessary taxonomic transfers are made.
A new species of Specklinia from the Cordillera de Talamanca in southern Costa Rica and western Panama is described and illustrated. Specklinia absurda most closely resembles Specklinia fuegi. It differs from that species in the pendent, single flowered inflorescence, whitish yellow sepals with red-pink veins and yellow apex, red petals with translucent margins, pandurate-trilobed, unguiculate lip with a distinct papillose isthmus below the anterior lobe, and reniform, erose, erect lateral lobes, with a Y-shaped thickened, hirsutulous apical callus. The affinities of this species to other Specklinia species are discussed.
This paper focuses on the systematics of the Specklinia endotrachys species complex in Costa Rica. Traditionally considered a variable species, S. endotrachys is here treated as one of at least four, albeit closely related, taxa. Of these species, S. endotrachys, S. pfavii, and S. spectabilis are described and illustrated from living material, and S. remotiflora is described and illustrated as new to science. Specklinia remotiflora is compared with S. endotrachys and S. spectabilis, from which it differs in the repent habit, lax inflorescence and campanulate flowers provided with convergent sepals and non-apiculate petals. New combinations are proposed for Pleurothallis pfavii and P. spectabilis. A lectotype is selected for Pleurothallis endotrachys. Observations on the pollination of S. remotiflora and S. spectabilis in cultivation are given.
Subtribe Pleurothallidinae
- A M Pridgeon
Pridgeon AM. 2005. Subtribe Pleurothallidinae. In: Prigeon AM, Cribb PJ,
Chase MW, et al. (eds), Genera Orchidacearum. Vol. 4 Epidendroideae,
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Index Plantarum Horti Lugduno Batavi
- H Boerhaave
Boerhaave H. 1710. Index Plantarum Horti Lugduno Batavi. Cornelius Boutenstein, Leiden.
Icones Pleurothallidinarum XXVIII. Reconsideration of Masdevallia, and the systematics of Specklinia and vegetatively similar genera (Orchidaceae)
- C A Luer
Luer CA. 2006. Icones Pleurothallidinarum XXVIII. Reconsideration of
Masdevallia, and the systematics of Specklinia and vegetatively similar
genera (Orchidaceae). Monographs in Systematic Botany, Missouri Botanical Garden 105.