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Malacofauna en agroecosistemas representativos de las provincias occidentales de Cuba
Abstract
ResuMen Los moluscos constituyen el grupo más grande de invertebrados des-pués de los artrópodos y son un problema permanente en la agricultura mundial; no obstante, se consideran plagas de menor importancia. El presente estudio se realizó con el objetivo de identificar las especies de moluscos asociadas a agroecosistemas representativos en las provincias del occidente cubano. Se realizaron recolectas de 2005 a 2010 en áreas de las provincias de Pinar del Río, La Habana, Artemisa, Mayabeque y Matanzas. Se escogieron al azar parcelas de 1 m 2 y se determinó la riqueza de especies. Los ejemplares se identificaron con el uso de claves taxonómicas y mediante comparaciones con ejemplares depositados en la colección malacológica del Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática. Se informa un total de 11 familias, 14 géneros y 15 especies, nueve de hábitos fitófagos y seis no fitófagos. Las especies más recurrentes fueron Praticolella griseola (Pfeiffer), Bradybaena similaris (Férrusac) y Subulina octona (Bruguiére). Este estudio constituye el primer inventario malacológico en agroecosistemas cubanos.
... As R. decollata is known to prey on other mollusks, it has been promoted as a biocontrol agent for the brown garden snail Cornu aspersum (Müller, 1774) and other helicid snails in citrus groves of California, USA, where it does not cause damage to citrus, despite the fact that it may itself become a plant pest (Johnson 1900;Cowie 2001;Tupen and Roth 2001;Sakovich 2002;Herbert 2010). In this sense, it has been reported as an agricultural and horticultural pest in non-native areas, being documented to cause damages in plantations of chayote, onion, and cucumber in Mexico (Correa Sandoval 1993), beetroot, carrot, chard, lettuce, mango, napa cabbage, and sorghum in Cuba (Matamoros 2014a(Matamoros , 2014b, and strawberry crops in Brazil (Landal et al. 2019). In relation to animal and human health, R. decollata can serve as an intermediate host of the trematode of rodents Brachylaima ruminae Mas-Coma &Montoliu, 1986 (Mas-Coma andMontoliu 1986). ...
... Given its generalist habits, its ability to self-fertilize, and its high reproduction rates, R. decollata was to be expected to become a horticultural pest in several countries around the world (e.g., Correa Sandoval 1993;Matamoros 2014aMatamoros , 2014bLandal et al. 2019). Despite the fact that it has not been reported causing damage to crops in Argentina, Miquel (1988) stated the species was observed feeding on black mulberries plants (Morus nigra) and ornamental plants such as nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.) in the area where it was reported for the first time, which could constitute a serious threat for fruit production. ...
The decollate land snail Rumina decollata (Linnaeus, 1758), native to the Mediterranean region, has been introduced across several countries worldwide. We report here three new records for R. decollata in Argentina, two from Córdoba Province and the first one from Misiones Province, which also constitutes the northernmost record for the country, extending its northeastern distribution range. Species-specific identification was achieved based on anatomical, conchological, and molecular information. DNA data showed that different haplotypes are present in Argentina, which originated from distinct source areas along the native range.
... Subulina octona (Brugüière, 1789) é um molusco terrestre com ampla distribuição no Brasil e em praticamente todo continente americano (Araújo & Bessa, 1993). Apresenta habito alimentar herbívoro, sendo encontrado em culturas agrícolas (Pérez & López, 2003, Juřičková, 2006Torres, 2014) e jardins (Araújo & Bessa, 1993). Tem importância médico-veterinária por participar no ciclo evolutivo de helmintos, como hospedeiro intermediário de diversos parasitos: de felinos, como Platynossomun illiciens (Braum, 1901) (Digenea, Dicrocoeliidae) e Aelurostrongylus abstrusus (Railliet, 1898) (Nematoda, Angiostrongylidae) (Ash, 1962;Maldonado 1945); de aves, como Postharmostomum gallinum (Witenberg, 1923) (Digenea, Brachylaimidae) e Paratanaisia bragai (Santos, 1934) (Digenea, Eucotylidae) (Alicata, 1940, Maldonado, 1945Juřičková, 2006); de canídeos, como Angiostrongylus vasorum (Baillet, 1866) (Kamensky, 1905) (Nematoda, Angiostrongylidae) (Bessa et al., 2000) e de roedores e humanos, como Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Chen, 1935) (Angiostrongylidae) (Andersen et al., 1986;Caldeira et al., 2007). ...
Subulina octona is a terrestrial snail widely distributed in the Americas. It is a herbivore found in agricultural crops and gardens, able to acts as intermediate host of parasites that afflict humans and animals, being considered a pest of veterinary and agricultural interest. It is more active during rainy and hot months, speciallyat night. Furcreae foetida is a naturalized plant whose secondary metabolism produces steroidal saponins, which have selective cytotoxic activity. The use of plant extracts has been studied for control of snail pests. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the sap of F. foetida on the behavioral repertoire and timing of activity of S. octona. Leaves of F. foetida were crushed to obtain the sap, which was filtered and diluted in distilled water at concentrations of 0.5 and 5%. To verify the effects of F. foetida sap on the behavior of S. octona, 90 snails were used, divided into three groups: one control group and two treated groups (T1 and T2 – 0.5 and 5% respectively). The extract of F. foetida sap presented repellent activity and altered the behavior of S. octona. The chemical analysis of the sap was performed by the phytochemical technique proposed by Matos (1988). The snails’ behavior was evaluated by direct observations by the focus group and scanning methods. To analyze the existence of significant differences in the timing of activity, the Kruskall-Wallis test was used, and the frequency of the behavioral acts was evaluated by the Mann-Whitney test of paired samples, both with confidence interval of 95%. Each group was composed of 10 individuals with three repetitions. The sap altered the frequency of aggregation behavior and vertical movement, indicating its repellent action on S. octona.
... Subulina octona (Brugüière, 1789) é um molusco terrestre com ampla distribuição no Brasil e em praticamente todo continente Americano (Araújo & Bessa, 1993). Apresenta habito alimentar herbívoro, sendo encontrado em culturas agrícolas (Pérez & López, 2003;Torres, 2014) e jardins (araújo & bessa, 1993). Atua como hospedeiro intermediário de helmintos como Platynossomun illiciens (Braum, 1901) (Digenea, Dicrocoeliidae) e Aelurostrongylus abstrusus (Railliet, 1898) (Nematoda, Angiostrongylidae) parasitos de felinos, (Ash, 1962;Maldonado, 1945), Postharmostomum gallinum (Witenberg, 1923) (Digenea, Brachylaimidae) e Paratanaisia bragai (Santos, 1934) (Digenea, Eucotylidae), que são parasitas de aves (Alicata, 1940;Maldonado, 1945), Angiostrongylus vasorum (Baillet 1866) (Kamensky 1905) (Nematoda, Angiostrongylidae), que é um parasito de canídeos (Bessa et al., 2000), Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Chen, 1935) (Angiostrongylidae), parasita de roedores e humanos (Andersen et al., 1986;Caldeira et al., 2007). ...
Subulina octona is a terrestrial mollusc found in gardens and plantations which may act as intermediate host for helminths and as vector for various pathogens. Furcraea foetida is a naturalized plant, commonly used as ornament or as hedge. It has steroidal saponins on its secondary metabolism, which are promising substances for mollusc control. The use of vegetal molluscicides has been studied for pest control since they are not as aggressive for both men and the environment and they may be a less toxic alternative for controlling these animals. This study aimed to analyze the influence of F. foetida on the survival, growth and reproduction of S. octona. In order to assess the effect of the aqueous extract of the sap of F. foetida, the direct contact and indirect contact bioassays were used on S octona eggs, immatures and adults in laboratory conditions. Phytochemical analysis of F. foetida sap indicated presence of saponin in the leaves. The aqueous extract of F. foetida sap influenced on the survival and hatching of eggs in direct contact (without subtract) and indirect contact (with subtract); on the other hand, it had no influence on the growth or reproduction of S. octona. Immature and adult mortality rates were 100% in direct contact assays, and there was significant difference for indirect contact assays regarding blank and negative control groups, which makes F. foetida sap a promising option for S. octona control.
... Después de los insectos y los ácaros, los caracoles son el grupo de invertebrados contra el cual los programas de control alternativo dirigen su atención (1) . En investigaciones realizadas en Cuba se informa un total de 11 familias, 14 géneros y 15 especies, nueve de hábitos fitófagos en Cuba, pero no se realizan todos los estudios necesarios entre ellos las posibles formas de control (2) . Un ejemplo de los moluscos como plagas es el caracol Achatina fulica Bowdich considerado como una de las 100 especies invasoras más perjudiciales del planeta y se localiza actualmente en todos los continentes en climas tropicales y subtropicales el cual se informó en Colombia desde 2012 (3) . ...
... Los moluscos se consideran plagas de las hortalizas de hojas en la agricultura urbana (Vázquez et al., 2005); agroecosistemas con condiciones que facilitan la permanencia de estos agentes nocivos (Matamoros 2011).En la región occidental se informa un total de 11 familias, 14 géneros y 15 especies, nueve de hábitos fitófagos (Matamoros, 2014). En Cienfuegos Herrera et al. (2013)detectaron cuatro especies de moluscos en los organopónicos semiprotegidos entre la que se encuentran Praticolella griseola (Pfeiffer) y Subulina octona (Bruguiére). ...
La investigación fue realizada en el primer trimestre de 2016en el organopónico de
Pueblo Griffo en Cienfuegos con el objetivo determinar la eficacia de los jugos de
Agave brittoniana Trel y Furcraea hexapetala (Jacq) Urb para el control de
moluscos plagas en condiciones de organopónicos.Se desarrollaron dos
experimentos en el cultivo de la acelga(Brassica rapa L.) uno con jugo de Agave
brittoniana Trel y otro con jugo de Frurcaea hexapétala(Jacq) Urb. Para cada
especie de planta se probaron cuatro tratamientos (concentraciones al 10, 12,5 y
15 % del jugo y un control sin aplicación) y cuatro replicas dispuestos en un diseño
de bloque al azar. Las aplicaciones se realizaron con una mochila Mataby de 16
litros de capacidad. Se determinó la eficacia de la aplicación a los tres y cinco
días. Con los datos de eficacia obtenidos se realizó un análisis de varianza para lo
cual se empleó el paquete estadístico SPSS para Windows versión 21. Los jugos
de F. hexapétala y A. brittonianaa las tres concentraciones estudiadas 10, 12,5 y
15 % son eficaces para el control de los moluscos plagas en el cultivo de la acelga
en condiciones de organopónicos a los tres días después de la aplicación sin
diferencias significativas entre ellos, al alcanzar eficacias superiores al 60%.
... El muestreo abarcó 477 criaderos malacológicos. En 329 los criaderos fueron ríos, zanjas, cañadas, lagunas de estabilización, lagunatos, presas y micropresas y en 148 fueron organopónicos (González et al., 2014;Matamoros, 2014). ...
This work aims to determine some ecological aspects of river and terrestrial mollusks of medical-veterinary importance in 13 municipalities of the province of Villa Clara, Cuba during 2013. Samples were collected monthly in 477 mollusk farms. 21 species of fresh water (n=14) and terrestrial (n=7) snails were recorded. Two species were classified as endemic, 15 as local and four as introduced (exotic species). In relation to their frequency of occurrence, 14 species were constant (66.7%), five species were common (23.8%) and two were rare (9.5%). The four main species of freshwater snails were Tarebia granifera, Pomacea poeyana, Physella acuta and Corbicula fluminea in the municipalities of Santa Clara, Placetas, Ranchuelo, Camajuani and Cifuentes. The most representative terrestrial mollusks were Praticolella griseola, Zachrysia auricoma and Galba cubensis, in the municipalities of Santa Clara and Placetas. Positive correlation between richness of species and mollusk abundance was found. Pomacea bridgesii and T. granifera are no less related to the other 20 species of mollusks based on similarity dendrograms. Increasing the maximum temperature and relative humidity decreases the total abundance of mollusks. There is a wide variety of species of mollusks of medicalveterinary importance in the province of Villa Clara, which may constitute an epidemiological risk to the province.
... El muestreo abarcó 477 criaderos malacológicos. En 329 los criaderos fueron ríos, zanjas, cañadas, lagunas de estabilización, lagunatos, presas y micropresas y en 148 fueron organopónicos (González et al., 2014;Matamoros, 2014). ...
The investigation was carried out during the year 2018, with the objective of determining the species of mollusks plagues incidents in the orchards of Cienfuegos county. It was sampled twice in the year, three stonecutters of each present cultivation in the studied orchards. For the sampling, we took 10 points at random in diagonal, using a mark of 50 centimeters of side and it was wrote down the quantity of individuals for species presented in the same one. It was determined five families and five species among those are: Practicolella griseola (Pfiffer), Subulina octona (Bruguiere), Leidyula floridana. Leidy, Zachrysia auricoma (Férussa) and Oleacina spp, Allium schoenoprasum L. (I Age Leek), Phaseolus coccineus (Bean), Cucumis sativus L. (Cucumber), Lactuca sativa L. (lettuce), Abelmoschus esculentus L. (Quimbombó), Beta vulgaris var. Cicla (Beet), Brassica shaves L. ssp. (Cabbage China), Fragaria vesca L. (strawberry), Lepidium sativum (cress), Daucus carota L. (carrot) and Solanum lycopersicum (Tomato) that impacted during the investigation on the cultivations. The dominant species were S. Octona and P. griseola.
Molluscs have become a serious problem for vegetable crops, especially the species Praticolella griseola (Pfeiffer). Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the percentage of mortality of the plant extracts on P. griseola in both laboratory and field conditions. An "in vitro" assay was performed with vegetable extracts of maguey (Furcraea hexapetala (Jacq.) Family: Agavaceae, spiny güirito (Solanum globiferum L., Family: Solanaceae), chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens L., Solanaceae), cardon (Euphorbia lactea Haw., Family: Euphorbiaceae). When evaluating three concentrations of the extract of each botanical species, a completely randomized design was used in "in vitro" conditions and random blocks on the field. The extraction of the chili pepper extract was carried out using the fruit baking method, the S. globiferum was obtained from the milling of the dried fruits and the F. hexapetala and E. lactea were obtained through the fragmentation of stalks. Extracts of F. hexapetala, S. globiferum, C. frutescens, E. lactea, are alternatives to be used by producers in the control of P. griseola. The highest percentages of mortality are reached with the extracts of C. frutescens and S. globiferum at 72 hours of application.
The use of snails as biocontrol agents against other snails and against aquatic weeds is reviewed, evaluating their success and their impacts on non-target organisms. The predatory snail Euglandina rosea (and other species), although widely used against Achatina fulica (the giant African land snail) on Pacific and Indian Ocean islands, has not been shown to control A. fulica but has seriously impacted endemic island species. The facultative predator Rumina decollata, used in California against Helix aspersa (brown garden snail), is widely considered to be environmentally benign. However, evidence of its effectiveness is weak and it will also consume native snails. Ampullariid and thiarid freshwater snails have been used as competitors (and incidental predators) of snail vectors of human schistosomes, the parasites causing schistosomiasis (bilharzia). Successful control has been reported but impacts on native biotas have been essentially ignored. Ampullariids have been used in attempts to control aquatic weeds, sometimes successfully, but again with little consideration of impacts on native biota. Most snails have generalist feeding habits. Thus they are inappropriate biocontrol agents because of their potential non-target effects. Rarely has adequate pre-release testing of snails been undertaken and post-release monitoring of non-target impacts has always been incidental. The use of non-native snails for biocontrol purposes is poorly regulated; many introductions are unofficial and sometimes illegal. Use of snails as biocontrol agents, if implemented, must be based on adequate pre-release testing, post-release monitoring and genuine concern for preservation of native biodiversity.
CLAVE PARA LAS CLASES DE MOLUSCOS Los moluscos se dividen en 7 u 8 clases y aunque son bastante distintas entre si, algunas especies o grupos de especies podrían con-fundir a los principiantes en el estudio de es-te filo. A continuación encontrará una clave sencilla que le puede ayudar a ubicar en clases a los moluscos. Recomiendo utilizar las ilustraciones para una mejor comprensión de la clave.
The main morphological traits of Fossaria cubensis and Pseudosuccinea columella, the two intermediate hosts of fascioliasis in Cuba, were studied. Differences may be seen regarding some aspects of the external morphology, as well as in the internal morphology, mainly in the reproductive system. The radular teeth have differences which are rather intangible, not allowing for their taxonomic isolation on the basis of this criterion alone. These studies suggest to take into account several criteria in order to determine the taxonomic position of each species.
The pulmonates molluscs act as intermediate hosts for several helminth species, parasites of humans and domestic animals.The control of the snails populations by moluscicides substances have been used as a parasite populations control measure. However, the efficient control of parasites by this mean depends on the knowledge of the snails biology and behaviour, as well as the elucidation of abiotic factors influence over these aspects. The aim of this work was to evaluate the resistence to dessication in three land snail species, Subulina octona (Bruguière, 1789); Leptinaria unilamellata (dOrbigny, 1835) e Bradybaena similaris (Férussac, 1821), submited to a continuous exposition to 35 oC temperature, for 48 hours. The number of dead individuals, the presence of epiphragms and the number of active individuals were verified at 12 hours intervals. The cephalopodal mass retration into the shell was mensured. After 48 hours of exposition, the snails were tranferred to plastic boxes containing moistened humus. The snails behaviour was verified by direct observations. Dead individuals were counted and the time for arousal was observed.
A total of 13 shell characteristics keys are presented, allowing identification of the 117 terrestrial mol- lusc genera that have been reported for Mexico.
Bruner, S.; F. Valdés: «Medios para combatir los principales insectos que atacan a las hortalizas»
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