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Multifloral honey from Gacka region

January 2012
Journal of Central European Agriculture 13(4):868-869

DOI:10.5513/JCEA01/13.4.1142

Authors:

Janja Filipi

University of Zadar

Maja Dražić

Ministarstvo poljoprivrede, ribarstva i ruralnog razvoja

Dragan Bubalo

University of Zagreb

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Gacka region and northern slopes of Velebit are typical mountain meadow honey areas. Bees pasture is relatively stable, almost evenly distributed throughout the years. The aim of the research is to determine the characteristics of multi-floral honey in the Gacka region based on mellisopalinological and physicochemical analyses. In order to collect honey samples from Gacka region, honey competition was organized in 2008, 2009 and 2010. A total of 68 samples of honey were collected. According to botanical origin in 2008, 12 samples of floral honey, 1 meadow and 6 samples of honeydew honey were determined. In 2009 from total of 25 samples of honey, 7 samples were determined as floral honey, 6 meadow, and 12 samples as honeydew honey. From total of 24 samples of honey in 2010, 5 were determined as floral honey, 16 samples as meadow honey, 2 as sweet clover (Melilotus spp.) and 1 sample as Dorycnium (Dorycnium spp.). Water content in the studied honey samples ranged from 14.60 to 18.20% with a mean value of 16.32%. Floral honey samples from 2009 and 2010 had a higher pH values (4.97, 4.83) compared to the samples from 2008 when the value was 4.68. In the investigated samples of floral and meadow honey the share of reducing sugars ranged from 55.31% in 2008 year to 77.02% in 2010. Honey types were separated on the basis of physicochemical parameters using Canonical discriminant analysis. The strongest influence on honey type discrimination had electrical conductivity, HMF, acidity together with characteristic pollen spectrum and sensory properties.

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Multioral honey from Gacka region

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Keywords: 











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Journal of Central European Agriculture, 2012, 13(4), p.868-883 DOI: 10.5513/JCEA01/13.4.1142











MelilotusDorycnium



















Ključne riječi:







DorycniumDorycnium







Prunus

AcerTilia

Apiaceae

Acer

RhamnusPrunus

Centaurea

Centaurea

Acer

Trifolium pratenseAstreceae

Taraxacum

869

Filipi et al.: Multifloral Honey From Gacka Region

TiliaLotus

MelilotusC. sanguinea

LiliaceaeAsteraceaeTaraxacum

Tilia

LotusMelilotus

DorycniumCjaceaTrepens

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870

Filipi et al.: Multifloral Honey From Gacka Region

















Melisopalinološke analize



Prunus



AcerTilia

ApiaceaeRubusTrifolium repens

Cornus sanguineaMelilotusLotus corniculatus

TpratenseSalvia pretensisCrategus



BrassicaceaeCentaureaTaraxacum ofcinale

Cirsium

871

Filipi et al.: Multifloral Honey From Gacka Region











Acer spp

Rhamnus spp

PrunusCentaurea spp

Tilia sppLigustrum vulgare

BrassicaceaeT. ofcinaleScabiosa spp

S. pretensis

ApiaceaeLiliaceaeL. corniculatus

Lychnis os-cuculiT. pratenseT. repens









872

Filipi et al.: Multifloral Honey From Gacka Region



CentaureaAcerTilia

T. pratense

Astreceae, Taraxacum tip

T. repensPrunus

L. corniculatusLiliaceae

CirsiumApiaceae

Brassicaceae

ThymusScabiosaS. pratensis

L. vulgareEryngium











873

Filipi et al.: Multifloral Honey From Gacka Region

MelilotusDorycnium

Tilia sppLotus

spp.Melilotus sppC.

sanguineaLiliaceae

AsteraceaeTaraxacum

Dorycnium sppPrunus

Centaurea spp.

BrassicaceaeAcer sppC. jaceaT. repens

T. pratenseLythrum salicariaSalvia pretensis

Fabaceae

ApiaceaeKnautia spp

LamiaceaeTrifolium spp.), 

LamiaceaeMenthaVicia spp





874

Filipi et al.: Multifloral Honey From Gacka Region



Tilia

Lotus sppMelilotus sppDorycnium

sppC. jaceaT. repens

AsteraceaeTaraxacum

ApiaceaeS. pretensis

LamiaceaeMenthaCentaurea spp

BrassicaceaeVicia spp

LiliaceaeC. sanguineaT. repens

AsteraceaeAcer

spp.FabaceaeCirsium spp

Rosaceae

Fizikalno-kemijske analize





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875

Filipi et al.: Multifloral Honey From Gacka Region

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876

Filipi et al.: Multifloral Honey From Gacka Region

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

















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  

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

 12    

     

     





 1

  4,44   

     









877

Filipi et al.: Multifloral Honey From Gacka Region















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

 12  

   

   





 1

   

   





















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 

  





 12    

     2,12

     





 1

     

     3,13







878

Filipi et al.: Multifloral Honey From Gacka Region

















 

  





 12    

     2,33

   1,13  





 1

     

     

































 

  





 12    

     

     





 1

     

     







879

Filipi et al.: Multifloral Honey From Gacka Region

















































 









 





 

880

Filipi et al.: Multifloral Honey From Gacka Region

















   

   



   



   



   



   

















881

Filipi et al.: Multifloral Honey From Gacka Region















Paliurus

spina christi

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882

Filipi et al.: Multifloral Honey From Gacka Region

Evaluation of the Antioxidant Capacity, Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Potential of Fir (Abies alba Mill.) Honeydew Honey Collected from Gorski kotar (Croatia)

Article

Full-text available

Dec 2018

The paper examines the antiproliferative, antimicrobial and antioxidative effects of fir (Abies alba Mill.) honeydew honey from mountain region of Croatia (Gorski kotar) as a potential replacement for standard antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents. Cell viability, annexin V assay and flow cytometry analysis served to analyse the antiproliferative effect on, apoptosis induction in and cell death of cancer cell lines: HeLa, MCF-7, SW620, CFPAC-1, MIA PaCa-2 and normal diploid human fibroblasts (BJ). Antimicrobial activity was tested against Staphylococcus and Acinetobacter strains by agar well diffusion and microdilution assays. The DPPH˙ assay determined the radical scavenging activity, while mathematical models helped to evaluate the kinetic data of DPPH˙ inhibition. Antiproliferative effect on all tested cell lines and the prominent effect on normal diploid human fibroblasts (BJ), colorectal adenocarcinoma (SW620, metastatic) and breast epithelial adenocarcinoma (MCF-7, metastatic) was observable. The mechanisms of antiproliferative effect included accumulation of cells in the sub-G1 phase in all tested cells and induction of apoptosis in SW620 and MCF-7 cells predominantly. The antibacterial assays showed that antibiotic-resistant strains of both bacteria, including multi-resistant strain A. baumannii ATCC® BAA-1605™, were sensitive to all tested honey samples. Radical scavenging assay suggests that antioxidants present in the honey possess different radical suppressing abilities and that they react at different rates with radicals, thereby causing two steps of reaction. The results of the study indicate that Croatian fir honeydew honey has a therapeutic potential due to the strong biological activity and can serve to protect human health.

Hydroxymethylfurfural content, diastase activity and colour of multifloral honeys in relation to origin and storage time

Article

Full-text available

Sep 2017

The aim of the study was to compare the quality of multifloral honeys in relation to origin (domestic vs. foreign), and storage time (before vs. after the date of minimum durability) available on the Polish retail market. The study was conducted on 24 samples of multifloral honey, including domestic ones (i.e. originated directly from beekeepers in open-air markets, or purchased in a retail chain), and foreign (i.e. from inside or outside the EU) bought in hypermarkets. In addition, the study comprised 5 samples of honey after the date of minimum durability. The content of hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), diastase number (DN) and colour according to CIE L*a*b* were determined in honeys. In the fresh multifloral honeys (irrespective of origin) the content of 5-HMF ranged from 1.17 to 18.54 mg*kg-1, and DN ranged from 8.36 to 34.88. Thus all samples met the legal requirements (5-HMF

Harmonised methods of the European Honey Commission

Article

Full-text available

Jan 1997

Palynological and physicochemical haracterisation of Croatian honeys - christ's thorn (Paliurus spina christi Mill.) Honey

Article

Full-text available

Jan 2008

The aim of this research was to determine physicochemical parameters and pollen spectrum of Christ's thorn (Paliurus spina christi Mill.) honey. 15 samples of honey from three production seasons were analysed. Pollen spectrum indicated that all honey samples were unifloral, with Paliurus spina Christi pollen content of 46 - 92%, while number of other botanical species varied in range from 5 to 16. Moisture, electrical conductivity, pH, free, lactone and total acidity, invertase and diastase activity, hydroxymethylfurfural and proline content and specific rotation were determined, as well as content of sugars. Physicochemical parameters showed that Chist's thorn honey is characterized by high activity of enzymes diastase (25.39-50.51, mean 42.08) and especially invertase (164.9-299.7 U/kg, mean 245.5 U/ kg), high electrical conductivity (0.45-0.89 mS/cm, mean 0.68 mS/cm) and high proline content (346.4-667.1 mg/kg, mean 518.6 mg/kg).

Pollen Spectrum and Physicochemical Characteristics of Croatian Mediterranean Multifloral Honeys

Article

Full-text available

Apr 2008
DEUT LEBENSM-RUNDSCH

The aim of this work was to determine which floral sources prevail in Croatian Mediterranean multifloral honeys and its physicochemical characteristics. 55 honey samples verified by pollen analysis as multifloral were collected directly from beekeepers from different locations across Croatian Mediterranean area. After pollen analysis following determinations were carried out: moisture content, electrical conductivity, specific rotation, pH and acidity, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), diastase and invertase activity, proline content and sugar composition. Obtained data were additionally analysed to see if there are any differences between samples from three Adriatic regions. Pollen analysis of honey samples showed a wide variety of botanical sources. In a melissopalynological study of investigated honey samples, 78 pollen types were identified. 91 % of identified pollen types were from nectar producing species, with Paliurus spina-christi being overall one of the higher represented species accompanied by Salvia officinalis in samples from north Adriatic, and Trifolium pratense gr. in central and south Adriatic samples. Among the nectarless plants, Fraxinus ornus was identified in the highest number of samples while its shares in total pollen were very variable. Values of all analysed physicochemical parameters varied in a wide range, but all samples had high enzymatic activity followed by low HMF content. Statistically significant differences between evaluated parameters for samples from the three areas were found only for glucose and maltose content, and from glucose derived values - fructose/glucose ratio (F/G) and fructose+glucose (F+G).

Characterisation and Classification of Croatian Honey by Physicochemical Parameters

Article

Full-text available

Oct 2008

The aim of this study is to characterise 8 different monofloral and multifloral types of Croatian honey (a total of 254 samples from 2003, 2004, and 2005 harvesting seasons) based on 11 common physicochemical parameters (water mass fraction, total reducing sugar mass fraction, sucrose mass fraction, ash mass fraction, electrical conductivity, acidity, diastase and invertase activity, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) mass fraction, proline mass fraction and optical rotation). Differences in the above-mentioned parameters, established among the honey samples, are influenced by different factors, such as botanical origin, climate and regional circumstances. After the sample characterisation, results obtained for 2 monofloral (acacia (Robinia pseudoacacia) and chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum)), and 2 multi-floral (floral and meadow) honey types were subjected to the pattern recognition procedures. In this regard, unsupervised methods such as cluster and principal component analyses were employed, with the goal of evaluating the possibility of differentiation of Croatian honey stemming from different botanical origins, based on their physicochemical profile. Cluster analysis (CA) revealed the existence of two clusters, in the first of which is acacia honey as the best grouped, and the second corresponds to the dispersed group constituted of the remaining three honey types under investigation (chestnut, floral, and meadow). Principal component analysis (PCA), i.e. its first two components, stood for the average of 50.5 % of the data variance. PCA and CA showed that physicochemical parameters are able to provide enough information to allow for the classification and distinction of the types of honey originating from four botanical origins under investigation (acacia, chestnut, floral and meadow).

Specific Rotation and Carbohydrate Profile of Croatian Unifloral Honeys

Article

Full-text available

Jan 2011

Primorac Lj., Flanjak I., Kenjerić D., Bubalo D., Topolnjak Z. (2011): Specific rotation and carbo-hydrate profile of Croatian unifloral honeys. Czech J. Food Sci., 29: 515–519. Specific rotation and carbohydrate profile of Croatian black locust (robinia pseudoacacia L.), sage (Salvia officinalis L.) and chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) honeys were determined. Fructose, glucose, sucrose, maltose (with cellobiose and trehalose), melezitose (with erlose), raffinose, and xylose were evaluated and quantified by HPLC, while specific rotation was determined by using a polarimeter. The differences in the carbohydrate profile, especially in disaccharide and trisaccharide contents, reflected different specific rotation values of the honey types selected. Weak positive cor-relations between specific rotation and sucrose, melezitose with erlose, and raffinose contents were found.

Honey and its physical parameters

Article

Full-text available

Oct 2002

e aim of this study was to find how close relations exist between the results of microscopic analysis, optical rotation and electrical conductivity in 55 honey samples from the Czech Republic. e obtained results were to be interpreted in relation to the classification of honey samples according to their origin (honey groups: blossom, honeydew and compound honey). e relations were positive, very close (r > 0.80) and very highly significant (P < 0.001). Several analysed samples would have been inserted into honey groups wrongly if only conductivity had been measured. is fact and high correlation coefficients evidence that exact classification of honey must be car - ried out not only by measuring the conductivity but also on the basis of optical rotation and microscopic analysis - namely in transition intervals of conductivity between the particular honey groups.

Harmonized methods of melissopalynology

Article

Full-text available

Jan 2004

Pollen analysis of honey, or melissopalynol-ogy, is of great importance for quality control.Honey always includes numerous pollen grains(mainly from the plant species foraged by honeybees) and honeydew elem ents (like wax tubes,algae and fungal spores) that altogether providea good fingerprint of th e environment where thehoney comes from. Pollen analysis can thereforebe useful to determine and control the geograph-ical and botanical origin of honeys even if sen-sory and physico-chemical analyses are alsoneeded for a correct dia gnosis of botanical ori-gin. Moreover, pollen analysis provides someimportant information about honey extractionand filtration, fermentation (Russmann, 1998),some kinds of adulteration (Kerkvliet et al

Characterization of Italian honeys (Marche Region) on the basis of their mineral content and some typical quality parameters

Article

Full-text available

Feb 2007
CHEM CENT J

The characterization of three types of Marche (Italy) honeys (Acacia, Multifloral, Honeydew) was carried out on the basis of the their quality parameters (pH, sugar content, humidity) and mineral content (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, and Mn). Pattern recognition methods such as principal components analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were performed in order to classify honey samples whose botanical origins were different, and identify the most discriminant parameters. Lastly, using ANOVA and correlations for all parameters, significant differences between diverse types of honey were examined. Most of the samples' water content showed good maturity (98%) whilst pH values were in the range 3.50 - 4.21 confirming the good quality of the honeys analysed. Potassium was quantitatively the most relevant mineral (mean = 643 ppm), accounting for 79% of the total mineral content. The Ca, Na and Mg contents account for 14, 3 and 3% of the total mineral content respectively, while other minerals (Cu, Mn, Fe) were present at very low levels. PCA explained 75% or more of the variance with the first two PC variables. The variables with higher discrimination power according to the multivariate statistical procedure were Mg and pH. On the other hand, all samples of acacia and honeydew, and more than 90% of samples of multifloral type have been correctly classified using the LDA. ANOVA shows significant differences between diverse floral origins for all variables except sugar, moisture and Fe. In general, the analytical results obtained for the Marche honeys indicate the products' high quality. The determination of physicochemical parameters and mineral content in combination with modern statistical techniques can be a useful tool for honey classification.

Corn (2008) Palynological and physicochemical characterization of Croatian honeys -Christ's thorn (Paliurus spina christi Mill.)

Jan 2008

D Kenjerić
L Primorac
D Bubalo
F I Čačić

kenjerić, D., L., Primorac, D., Bubalo, F., Čačić. i., Corn (2008) Palynological and physicochemical characterization of Croatian honeys -Christ's thorn (Paliurus spina christi Mill.). Journal of Central european agriculture vol 9 (2008) No 4.

Jan 2004
18-25

W Von Der Ohe
L Persano Odo
M L Piana
M Morlot
P Martin

von Der ohe, W., Persano odo, L., Piana, M. L., Morlot, M., Martin, P. (2004) Harmonized methods of melissopalinology. apidologie, 35: 18-25

Multifloral honey from Gacka region

Abstract

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