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Abstract

Meditation can be defined as a form of mental training that aims to improve an individual's core psychological capacities, such as attentional and emotional self-regulation. Meditation encompasses a family of complex practices that include mindfulness meditation, mantra meditation, yoga, tai chi and chi gong 1. Of these practices , mindfulness meditation — often described as non-judgemental attention to present-moment experiences (BOX 1) — has received most attention in neuroscience research over the past two decades 2–8. Although meditation research is in its infancy, a number of studies have investigated changes in brain activation (at rest and during specific tasks) that are associated with the practice of, or that follow, training in mindfulness meditation. These studies have reported changes in multiple aspects of mental function in beginner and advanced meditators, healthy individuals and patient populations 9–14. In this Review, we consider the current state of research on mindfulness meditation. We discuss the methodological challenges that the field faces and point to several shortcomings in existing studies. Taking into account some important theoretical considerations, we then discuss behavioural and neuroscientific findings in light of what we think are the core components of meditation practice: attention control, emotion regulation and self-awareness (BOX 1). Within this framework, we describe research that has revealed changes in behaviour, brain activity and brain structure following mindfulness meditation training. We discuss what has been learned so far from this research and suggest new research strategies for the field. We focus here on mindfulness meditation practices and have excluded studies on other types of meditation. However, it is important to note that other styles of meditation may operate via distinct neural mechanisms
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... The management of chronic diseases or conditions and the associated self-e cacy has been shown to be one of the factors that in uence an individual's perception of their own health. This can also be achieved by practising mindfulness via three mechanisms: attention control, emotion regulation and self-awareness [103]. Individuals with higher levels of self-e cacy in coping with chronic diseases have higher levels of resilience in overcoming challenges associated with chronic diseases, as demonstrated by previously conducted face-to-face delivered mindfulness-based programmes [104]. ...
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El arte marcial no es solo un conjunto de técnicas; es una senda de transformación que armoniza cuerpo, mente y espíritu. Gong Fa 2.0 propone un enfoque innovador que combina la sabiduría ancestral de las artes marciales con los descubrimientos más recientes en fisiología, neurociencia y psicología, creando una guía completa para el desarrollo integral del practicante; esta obra se adentra en la respiración como raíz del entrenamiento, el manejo de la biomecánica para la efectividad técnica y la recuperación activa para optimizar el rendimiento, siempre fundamentada en la evidencia científica. Con un lenguaje claro y accesible, Gong Fa 2.0 ofrece herramientas prácticas y conocimientos profundos para lograr un verdadero dominio personal. Dirigido tanto a artistas marciales como a deportistas de combate y personas interesadas en el crecimiento personal, este libro acompaña al lector en la transición de la competencia externa hacia una práctica más íntima y edificante, adaptada a la vida moderna. A medida que el practicante avanza en su camino, Gong Fa 2.0 se convierte en una referencia esencial, proporcionando un marco metodológico que permite integrar la práctica marcial en la vida diaria. Es un puente entre la tradición y la modernidad, un legado para aquellos que buscan convertir el camino del guerrero en un estilo de vida trascendente y significativo.
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El arte marcial no es solo un conjunto de técnicas; es una senda de transformación que armoniza cuerpo, mente y espíritu. Gong Fa 2.0 propone un enfoque innovador que combina la sabiduría ancestral de las artes marciales con los descubrimientos más recientes en fisiología, neurociencia y psicología, creando una guía completa para el desarrollo integral del practicante; esta obra se adentra en la respiración como raíz del entrenamiento, el manejo de la biomecánica para la efectividad técnica y la recuperación activa para optimizar el rendimiento, siempre fundamentada en la evidencia científica. Con un lenguaje claro y accesible, Gong Fa 2.0 ofrece herramientas prácticas y conocimientos profundos para lograr un verdadero dominio personal. Dirigido tanto a artistas marciales como a deportistas de combate y personas interesadas en el crecimiento personal, este libro acompaña al lector en la transición de la competencia externa hacia una práctica más íntima y edificante, adaptada a la vida moderna. A medida que el practicante avanza en su camino, Gong Fa 2.0 se convierte en una referencia esencial, proporcionando un marco metodológico que permite integrar la práctica marcial en la vida diaria. Es un puente entre la tradición y la modernidad, un legado para aquellos que buscan convertir el camino del guerrero en un estilo de vida trascendente y significativo.
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Full-text available
El arte marcial no es solo un conjunto de técnicas; es una senda de transformación que armoniza cuerpo, mente y espíritu. Gong Fa 2.0 propone un enfoque innovador que combina la sabiduría ancestral de las artes marciales con los descubrimientos más recientes en fisiología, neurociencia y psicología, creando una guía completa para el desarrollo integral del practicante; esta obra se adentra en la respiración como raíz del entrenamiento, el manejo de la biomecánica para la efectividad técnica y la recuperación activa para optimizar el rendimiento, siempre fundamentada en la evidencia científica. Con un lenguaje claro y accesible, Gong Fa 2.0 ofrece herramientas prácticas y conocimientos profundos para lograr un verdadero dominio personal. Dirigido tanto a artistas marciales como a deportistas de combate y personas interesadas en el crecimiento personal, este libro acompaña al lector en la transición de la competencia externa hacia una práctica más íntima y edificante, adaptada a la vida moderna. A medida que el practicante avanza en su camino, Gong Fa 2.0 se convierte en una referencia esencial, proporcionando un marco metodológico que permite integrar la práctica marcial en la vida diaria. Es un puente entre la tradición y la modernidad, un legado para aquellos que buscan convertir el camino del guerrero en un estilo de vida trascendente y significativo.
Chapter
Full-text available
El arte marcial no es solo un conjunto de técnicas; es una senda de transformación que armoniza cuerpo, mente y espíritu. Gong Fa 2.0 propone un enfoque innovador que combina la sabiduría ancestral de las artes marciales con los descubrimientos más recientes en fisiología, neurociencia y psicología, creando una guía completa para el desarrollo integral del practicante; esta obra se adentra en la respiración como raíz del entrenamiento, el manejo de la biomecánica para la efectividad técnica y la recuperación activa para optimizar el rendimiento, siempre fundamentada en la evidencia científica. Con un lenguaje claro y accesible, Gong Fa 2.0 ofrece herramientas prácticas y conocimientos profundos para lograr un verdadero dominio personal. Dirigido tanto a artistas marciales como a deportistas de combate y personas interesadas en el crecimiento personal, este libro acompaña al lector en la transición de la competencia externa hacia una práctica más íntima y edificante, adaptada a la vida moderna. A medida que el practicante avanza en su camino, Gong Fa 2.0 se convierte en una referencia esencial, proporcionando un marco metodológico que permite integrar la práctica marcial en la vida diaria. Es un puente entre la tradición y la modernidad, un legado para aquellos que buscan convertir el camino del guerrero en un estilo de vida trascendente y significativo.
Chapter
Full-text available
El arte marcial no es solo un conjunto de técnicas; es una senda de transformación que armoniza cuerpo, mente y espíritu. Gong Fa 2.0 propone un enfoque innovador que combina la sabiduría ancestral de las artes marciales con los descubrimientos más recientes en fisiología, neurociencia y psicología, creando una guía completa para el desarrollo integral del practicante; esta obra se adentra en la respiración como raíz del entrenamiento, el manejo de la biomecánica para la efectividad técnica y la recuperación activa para optimizar el rendimiento, siempre fundamentada en la evidencia científica. Con un lenguaje claro y accesible, Gong Fa 2.0 ofrece herramientas prácticas y conocimientos profundos para lograr un verdadero dominio personal. Dirigido tanto a artistas marciales como a deportistas de combate y personas interesadas en el crecimiento personal, este libro acompaña al lector en la transición de la competencia externa hacia una práctica más íntima y edificante, adaptada a la vida moderna. A medida que el practicante avanza en su camino, Gong Fa 2.0 se convierte en una referencia esencial, proporcionando un marco metodológico que permite integrar la práctica marcial en la vida diaria. Es un puente entre la tradición y la modernidad, un legado para aquellos que buscan convertir el camino del guerrero en un estilo de vida trascendente y significativo.
Chapter
Full-text available
El arte marcial no es solo un conjunto de técnicas; es una senda de transformación que armoniza cuerpo, mente y espíritu. Gong Fa 2.0 propone un enfoque innovador que combina la sabiduría ancestral de las artes marciales con los descubrimientos más recientes en fisiología, neurociencia y psicología, creando una guía completa para el desarrollo integral del practicante; esta obra se adentra en la respiración como raíz del entrenamiento, el manejo de la biomecánica para la efectividad técnica y la recuperación activa para optimizar el rendimiento, siempre fundamentada en la evidencia científica. Con un lenguaje claro y accesible, Gong Fa 2.0 ofrece herramientas prácticas y conocimientos profundos para lograr un verdadero dominio personal. Dirigido tanto a artistas marciales como a deportistas de combate y personas interesadas en el crecimiento personal, este libro acompaña al lector en la transición de la competencia externa hacia una práctica más íntima y edificante, adaptada a la vida moderna. A medida que el practicante avanza en su camino, Gong Fa 2.0 se convierte en una referencia esencial, proporcionando un marco metodológico que permite integrar la práctica marcial en la vida diaria. Es un puente entre la tradición y la modernidad, un legado para aquellos que buscan convertir el camino del guerrero en un estilo de vida trascendente y significativo.
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Reward seeking is ubiquitous and adaptive in humans. But excessive reward seeking behavior, such as chasing monetary rewards, may lead to diminished subjective well-being. This study examined whether individuals trained in mindfulness meditation show neural evidence of lower susceptibility to monetary rewards. Seventy-eight participants (34 meditators, 44 matched controls) completed the monetary incentive delay task while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. The groups performed equally on the task, but meditators showed lower neural activations in the caudate nucleus during reward anticipation, and elevated bilateral posterior insula activation during reward anticipation. Meditators also evidenced reduced activations in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex during reward receipt compared with controls. Connectivity parameters between the right caudate and bilateral anterior insula were attenuated in meditators during incentive anticipation. In summary, brain regions involved in reward processing—both during reward anticipation and receipt of reward—responded differently in mindfulness meditators than in nonmeditators, indicating that the former are less susceptible to monetary incentives.
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Bipolar disorder is a severe and prevalent condition that is typically treated with mood-stabilizing medications. Although reasonably effective for some patients, most will continue to experience recurrent mood episodes. Adjunctive psychosocial interventions have shown mixed results. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) is an effective treatment for recurrent depressive episodes and recent studies show promising results in adaptations for bipolar disorder. This chapter summarizes the theoretical rationale for applying MBCT to bipolar disorder, describes adaptations made to the intervention for this population, and presents a case study illustrating the course of treatment and practical issues that arise in implementing it. The empirical support for this adaptation is summarized.
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Background: Research has found that improved higher effortful control, a measure of self- regulation, improves performance of middle school students. Integrative body-mind training (IBMT) has been shown to improve attentional networks related to self-regulation. We hypothesize that an IBMT intervention will improve academic performance of adolescents. Methods: Students age 13-18 were recruited from middle and high school in Beijing, China and randomly assigned to either IBMT or a relaxation training control (RT). Students were given 6 weeks of IBMT intervention with 30 min per day at school. The improved performance in attention and aspects of academic performance were measured. Results: Compared to RT, IBMT intervention showed significantly greater improvement in attention and in academic performance (scores of literacy, math, and second language). Conclusions: Brief mindfulness meditation is an effective technique for improving cognitive function, including academic performance.