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Some Traditional Medicinal Plants Useful for Boil, Burn and for Wounds Healing

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Devendra Kumar Patel at Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya
Devendra Kumar Patel
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Volume 2 • Issue 4 • 1000133
J Biodivers Endanger Species
ISSN: 2332-2543 JBES an open access journal
Research Article Open Access
Biodiversity & Endangered Species
Patel, J Biodivers Endanger Species 2014, 2:4
http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2332-2543.1000133
Keywords: Boil burn; Herbal plants; Plant diversity; Wound
Introduction
Plants are used for treatment of certain disorders from a long ago
[1]. Plants registered as a major source of medicinal preparations and
also many drugs derived from herbal plants [2]. Around 25% drugs
are derived by using plants [3]. Due to less hygienic situation mostly
in rural areas wounds is common disorder for skin problem [4].
Boil, Burn, wounds are accidental physical damage of body
by loss of skin. Use of rewood for cooking and other household
activities sometimes being reason for burning of skin [5]. Uses of the
plants as a source of medicine for boil, burn wounds are important for
healthcare in rural areas.
Wound healing process start from damage of skin. A wound
completely healing depends on degree of injury, human resistance
capacity, infection potential of pathogens and early eective
treatment procedure. Above process completing following several steps
events. During cutting of skin it is prime need to stop bleeding from
body. Many plants are showing better performance for this purpose
like Aloe vera, Tridex procumbens etc. Use of Carica papaya latex for
wound healing was noticed by Gurang and Basent, [6]. Wound healing
ethno- pharmacological potentials of selected medicinal plants used by
malayali tribals was noticed by Subramaninan et al. [7].
A large group of the plants are marked as ecient for boil, burn
wounds and for skin related problems [8-10]. Wound healing capacity
of papaya (Carica papaya) latex noticed by Basert, [6]. Its fruits are
also used for this purpose. Wounds may be chronic or by accidental.
It is a physical injury of skin responsible for loss of colour of skin and
loss of structure. Applying plants for control of boil, burn wounds are
benecial process for repairing of body. Due to presence of antibiotic
or antiseptic nature chemicals plants are remarkable for many
disorders [11].
Chemicals derived from plants need for proper identication,
formulation, use and also for protection. Traditional knowledge
of plants for medicinal uses in rural areas is of signicant potential
connections between plants and local peoples. Plants providing low
cast, efficient, less side eect treatment for certain problems. As
an estimation of WHO 80% peoples of the world depends on herbal
medicine. A review on medicinal plants with potential wound healing
activity recorded by Kumrasamyraja et al. [12].
Around 70% of the pharmaceutical products for wound control are
made by using plant resources. Wounds can be referred as physical
disabilities [13]. Wounds are marked as injury in normal skin
structural, anatomical physiological and functional variation [14].
Many plants supporting natural repairing process of skin [15]. Plants
are also variable for use in blood coagulation and cleaning of skin/
wounds etc [16,17]. Wound healing of some medicinal plants was
reviewed by Gulzar et al. [18].
India is rich center of oral diversity which is distributed over the
country. Around 25% of drugs are derived from varied plant species
and used as medicinal purpose in rural areas [19]. Healing of wound is
essential for lling/ restoring of the cells in aecting area of body [20].
Use of the plants in indigenous traditional medicine system is very
old in India [21]. Rural peoples mostly used the plants for treatment
of various ailments. Ethno botany is old in India [22-24]. A review
on the use of Aloe vera for wound healing was made by Ratree et al.
[24]. Ethno botanical study on herbal medicines for wound healing
among tribal peoples in southern part of India was made by Ayyar et al.
[21]. Medicinal plants used by traditional healers in Kancheepuram
district of Tamil nadu India was recorded by Muthu et al. [22].
In India there are 2500 plants having medicinal values and near
6000 plants are used in traditional medicinal system. Rural Indians
using traditional medicinal plants for various purpose. e objectives
of the present study was to explore the utility of plants among rural
peoples for various use especially for Boil, Burn, and for Wounds in
nearby the areas of Bilaspur (C. G.) in Central part of Chhattisgarh.
Materials and Methods
Information related to the use of the plant species were collected
in 2011–2012 near the villages of Bilaspur (C. G.). e information
was collected by general conversation with knowledgeable persons of
the area and plants local name, used parts, propagation etc was known
from him. Other scientic plant related information was gained by
using literatures.
*Corresponding author: Patel DK, Department of Rural Technology,
Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, 495009, Chhattisgarh, India,
Tel: 09993660173; E-mail: dplantscience@yahoo.co.in
Received June 04, 2014; Accepted July 17, 2014; Published July 22, 2014
Citation: Patel DK (2014) Some Traditional Medicinal Plants Useful For
Boil, Burn and For Wounds Healing. J Biodivers Endanger Species 2: 133.
doi:10.4172/2332-2543.1000133
Copyright: © 2014 Patel DK. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and
source are credited.
Abstract
Traditional Medicinal plants are remarkable for their signicant potential to treat a specic disorder. Over the world
around 80% populations dependent on traditional medicines according to WHO. Plant diversity depends on local
climatic condition and also on their adaptation capacity in changeable environmental condition. Plants are great source
of primary health care due to presence of certain chemical compounds. Cut, Boil, Burn, Wounds are mainly affecting
skin. Prevention of pathogenic attack in body plants can perform certain role known as herbal medicine. A total of 55
species of the plants of 35 different families were recorded for above purpose and the ndings are listed and discussed.
Some Traditional Medicinal Plants Useful for Boil, Burn and for Wounds
Healing
Patel DK*
Department of Rural Technology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, (A Central University), Bilaspur, 495009, Chhattisgarh, India
Citation: Patel DK (2014) Some Traditional Medicinal Plants Useful for Boil, Burn and for Wounds Healing. J Biodivers Endanger Species 2: 133.
doi:10.4172/2332-2543.1000133
Page 2 of 4
Volume 2 • Issue 4 • 1000133
J Biodivers Endanger Species
ISSN: 2332-2543 JBES an open access journal
Results and Discussion
A variety of plants species are used for dierent disorders in rural
areas. Particularly the plants which are used for boil, burn and for
wound are documented/ listed in (Table 1). Table 2 showing family
wise number of the plants. Table 3 and Figure 1 is for Habit variation.
S.No. Botanical Name Common/Name Family Habit Parts Used Propagation
1. Adhatoda vasica Vasaka Acanthaceae Shrub Leaf, soft stem Stem cutting
2. Aegle marmelos Bael Rutaceae Tree Leaf, bark, Fruit Seed
3. Ageratum conyzoids White weed Asteraceae Herb Leaf Seed
4. Allium cepa Onion Liliaceae Herb Bulb Bulb
5. Aloe vera Gwarpatha Liliaceae Herb Leaf Bud
6. Annona squmosa Sitaphal Annonaceae Shrub Leaf, Fruit Seed
7. Anthocephalus cadamba Kadamb Rubiaceae Tree Bark Seed
8. Argemone maxicana Pili kateri Papavaraceae Herb (Spiny) Leaf Seed
9. Azadiracta indica Neem Meliaceae Tree Leaf, Oil Seed
10. Blumea lacera Hul hul Asteraceae Herb Leaf Seed
11. Boerhavia diffusa punarnava Nyctaginaceae Herb Leaf Seed
12. Butea monosperma Palas Fabaceae Tree Bark Seed
13. Calotropis gigantia AK Asclepiodaceae Shrub Leaf, Stem Seed
14. Canna indica Baijanti Cannaceae Herb Stem Rhizome
15. Carica papaya Papita Caricaceae Herb Leaf, Fruit Seed
16. Cassia alata Fabaceae Shrub Leaf Seed
17. Cassia tora Charota fabaceae Herb Leaf Seed
18. Centella asiatica Madukparni apiaceae Herb Leaf Stem cutting
19. Chenopodium album Bathua Chenopodiaceae Herb Leaf Seed
20. Cleome viscose Cleomaceae Herb Leaf Seed
21. Clitoria ternatea Butterfly ower Fabaceae Herb Leaf Seed
22. Costus speciosus Keu kand Zinziberaceae Herb Leaf, Rhizome Rhizome
23. Curcuma longa Haldi Zinziberaceae Herb Rhizome Rhizome
24. Daucas carota Gajar Apiaceae Herb Root Seed
25. Diospyrus melanoxylon Tendu Ebenaceae Tree Fruit Seed
26. Eclipta alba Bhringraj Asteraceae Herb Leaf Seed
27. Euphorbia hirta Dudhi Euphorbiaceae Herb Leaf, Stem Seed
28. Ficus bengalensis bargad caceae tree Leaf, Bark Seed
29. Gloriosa superva Kalihari Liliaceae Herb Tuber Tuber
30. Helianthus annus Sun ower asteraceae Herb oil Seed
31. Heliotropium indicum Indialn Turnsole Boraginaceae Herb Leaf Seed
32. Hyptis suaveolens Van Tulsi Lamiaceae Herb Leaf Seed
33. Ixora coccnia Ixora Rubiaceae Shrub Flower Stem cutting
34. Lawsonia inermis Mehandi Lythraceae Shrub Leaf Seed
35. Mentha viridis Podina Lamiaceae Herb Leaf Stem cutting
36. Mimosa pudica Chui-mui fabaceae Herb Leaf Seed
37. Moringa oleifera Munga Moringaceae Tree Leaf, Bark Seed
38. Murraya paniculata Meetha neem Rutaceae Shrub Leaf Seed
39. Musa paradisica Kela Musaceae Herb Stem, Fruit Rhizome
40. Nerium indicum Kaner apocynaceae Shrub Leaf Seed/Stem cutting
41. Pongamoea pinnata Karanj Fabaceae Tree Bark Seed
42. Pothos scandens Money plant Araceae Herb Leaf Stem cutting
43. Psidium guava Amrud Myrtaceae Tree Leaf, Fruit Seed
44. Ptephrosia perpuria Wild indigo Fabaceae Herb Leaf Seed
45. Punica granatum Anar Punicaceae Shrub Bark Seed
46. Rosa indica Rose Rosaceae Shrub Leaf Stem cutting
47. Sesamum indicum Tilli Pedaliaceae Herb oil Seed
48. Sida rhombifolia Arrow leaf sida Malvaceae Herb Leaf Seed
49. Solanum indicum Potato Solanaceae Herb Tuber Seed
50. Solanum xanthocarpum Bhatkatia Solanaceae Herb (Spiny) fruit Seed
51. Syzygium cumini Jamun Myrtaceae Tree Leaf, Bark Seed
52. Tagetes patula Chandani genda Asteraceae Herb Leaf Seed
53. Terminalia chebula Harra Combrataceae Tree Fruit Seed
54. Tridex procumbens Coat button Asteraceae Herb Leaf Seed
55. Vitex negundo Negur Verbanaceae Shrub Leaf Stem cutting
Table 1: Plant species useful for boil, burn and for wounds.
Citation: Patel DK (2014) Some Traditional Medicinal Plants Useful for Boil, Burn and for Wounds Healing. J Biodivers Endanger Species 2: 133.
doi:10.4172/2332-2543.1000133
Page 3 of 4
Volume 2 • Issue 4 • 1000133
J Biodivers Endanger Species
ISSN: 2332-2543 JBES an open access journal
Table 4 and Figure 2 plant parts used and Table 5 and Figure 3 is for
propagation mode of the plants. A total of 55 species of plants belonging
35 families were recorded.
On the basis of habit 32 herbs 11 shrubs and 12 trees were
found to be useful for this purpose. As used plant parts maximum leaf
part is recorded for the above purpose. Propagation method maximum
72.72% recorded for Seeds. Plants were recorded as their external
use in treatment. Recorded plant species were of varied families like
one members from each families like Acanthaceae , Annonaceae ,
Apocynaceae, Araceae, Asclepiodaceae, Boraginaceae, Cannaceae,
Caricaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Cleomaceae, Combrataceae, Ebenaceae,
Euphorbiaceae, Ficaceae, Lythraceae, Malvaceae, Meliaceae,
Moringaceae, Musaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Papavaraceae, Pedaliaceae,
Punicaceae, Rosaceae, Verbanaceae. Two members from Apiaceae,
Lamiaceae, Myrtaceae, Rubiaceae, Rutaceae, Solanaceae, Zinziberaceae.
ree members from Liliaceae were recorded and six members from
family Asteraceae were recorded.
S. No. Family No. of plant species Percentage
1. Acanthaceae 1 1.82
2. Annonaceae 1 1.82
3. Apiaceae 2 3.64
4. Apocynaceae 1 1.82
5. Araceae 1 1.82
6. Asclepiodaceae 1 1.82
7. Asteraceae 6 10.90
8. Boraginaceae 1 1.82
9. Cannaceae 1 1.82
10. Caricaceae 1 1.82
11. Chenopodiaceae 1 1.82
12. Cleomaceae 1 1.82
13. Combrataceae 1 1.82
14. Ebenaceae 1 1.82
15. Euphorbiaceae 1 1.82
16. Fabaceae 7 1.82
17. Ficaceae 1 1.82
18. Lamiaceae 2 3.64
19. Liliaceae 3 5.45
20. Lythraceae 1 1.82
21. Malvaceae 1 1.82
22. Meliaceae 1 1.82
23. Moringaceae 1 1.82
24. Musaceae 1 1.82
25. Myrtaceae 2 3.64
26. Nyctaginaceae 1 1.82
27. Papavaraceae 1 1.82
28. Pedaliaceae 1 1.82
29. Punicaceae 1 1.82
30. Rosaceae 1 1.82
31. Rubiaceae 2 3.64
32. Rutaceae 2 3.64
33. Solanaceae 2 3.64
34. Verbanaceae 1 1.82
35. Zinziberaceae 2 3.64
TOTAL 55
Table 2: Plant species useful for boil, burn and for wounds.
S. No. Habit Number of the Plants Percentage
1. Herb 31 56.36
2. Herb (Spiny) 02 3.64
3. Shrub 11 20.00
4. Tree 11 20.00
TOTAL 55
Table 3: Habit of the Plant species.
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 1 2 3 4 5
Axis Title
Axis Title
Series1
Series2
Figure 1: Graphical representation of Habit Plant species.
S. No. Parts Used Number of the Plants Percentage
1. Bark 4 7.27
2. Bulb 1 1.82
3. Flower 1 1.82
4. Fruit 3 5.45
5. Leaf 26 47.27
6. Leaf, Bark 3 5.45
7. Leaf, bark, Fruit 1 1.82
8. Leaf, Fruit 3 5.45
9. Leaf, Rhizome 1 1.82
10. Leaf, Stem 3 5.45
11. Leaf. Oil 1 1.82
12. oil 2 3.64
13. Rhizome 1 1.82
14. Root 1 1.82
15. Stem 1 1.82
16. Stem, Fruit 1 1.82
17. Tuber 2 3.64
TOTAL 55
Table 4: Plant Parts used.
Leaf, Bark, 5.45 Leaf, bark,
Fruit, 1.82
Leaf, Fruit, 5.45
Leaf,
Rhizome,
1.82 Leaf, Stem, 5.45
oil, 3.64
Leaf. Oil,
1.82
Buib, 1.82
Flower, 1.82
Fruit, 5.45
Figure 2: Graphical representation of Plant Parts used.
Citation: Patel DK (2014) Some Traditional Medicinal Plants Useful for Boil, Burn and for Wounds Healing. J Biodivers Endanger Species 2: 133.
doi:10.4172/2332-2543.1000133
Page 4 of 4
Volume 2 • Issue 4 • 1000133
J Biodivers Endanger Species
ISSN: 2332-2543 JBES an open access journal
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Citation: Patel DK (2014) Some Traditional Medicinal Plants Useful for
Boil, Burn and for Wounds Healing. J Biodivers Endanger Species 2:
133. doi:10.4172/2332-2543.1000133
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S. No. Propagation No. of plants Percentage
1. Bud 1 1.82
2. Bulb 1 1.82
3. Rhizome 4 7.27
4. Seed 40 72.72
5. Seed/Stem cutting 1 1.82
6. Stem cutting 7 12.72
7. Tuber 1 1.82
TOTAL 55
Table 5: Propagation mode of the Plants.
Propagaon mode of the plants
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Percentage
Bud Bulb Rhizom Seed Seed/St Stem Tuber
em
cung
cung
e
1 1 4 40 1 7 1
1.82 1.82 7.27 72.72 1.82 12.72 1.82
No. of plants
Percentage
11.82 11.82
40
11.82 11.82
7
12.72
47.27
72.72
Figure 3: Graphical representation of Propagation mode of the Plants.
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Full-text available
  • Jul 2020
Dapar MLG, Meve U, Liede-Schumann S, Alejandro GJD. 2020. Ethnomedicinal appraisal and conservation status of medicinal plants among the Manobo tribe of Bayugan City, Philippines. Biodiversitas 21: 3843-3856. Manobo tribe is one of the most populated indigenous communities in the Philippines clustered in various parts of Mindanao archipelago with distinct cultural traditions and medicinal practices. This study aims to document the Agusan Manobo tribe medicinal plant uses and knowledge and to assess the conservation status of their medicinal plants found in upland ancestral lands where ethnomedicinal practices still prevail. Ethnomedicinal data were gathered from 95 key informants through semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and guided field walks in five selected upland barangays of Bayugan City. Family importance value (FIV) and relative frequency of citation (RFC) were quantified. The conservation status of their medicinal plants was assessed based on the international and national listing of threatened species. A total of 90 species belonging to 82 genera and 41 families were identified as ethnomedicinally important. Highest FIV (98.9) was reported for Piperaceae in treatment for skin diseases and infections. The most cited medicinal plant species was Piper decumanum L. (RFC=0.95), which is primarily used in treatment for insect and snake bites. Conservation assessment revealed that the five upland areas of the Agusan Manobo tribe are habitats of endemic, endangered, vulnerable and threatened species. The results of this study present the rich ethnomedicinal knowledge of Agusan Manobo cultural community, which could serve as a useful source of information to improve community healthcare and environmental conservation and management. Local people and the government should actively participate in shared management responsibilities for viable conservation strategies and sustainable use of the cultural community resources.
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Herbal Remedies in Burn Wound Management: A Comprehensive Review
Article
  • Dec 2024
This study focuses on the formulation and evaluation of a herbal burn healing cream using Jatropha curcas latex extract. The cream combines Jatropha curcas latex with compatible excipients to optimize stability, texture, and therapeutic efficacy. Various physicochemical, rheological, and pharmacological evaluations were conducted to assess its suitability for burn wound management. The cream demonstrated desirable pH, viscosity, spreadability, and consistency, along with significant antimicrobial activity against common wound pathogens. The formulation aims to harness the anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and wound healing properties of Jatropha curcas latex for effective burn treatment. Keywords: Healing Cream, Rheological, Anti-Microbial, Anti-Inflammatory
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Rejuvenation of Burn Infection Through Medicinal Plants Incorporated Collagen
Article
Full-text available
  • Nov 2022
Collagen is a major natural constituent of connective tissue and structural protein of any organ which has the applicability as biomaterial drug delivery system. Fish collagen has gained increasing interest as the alternative for mammalian counterpart. Collagen acts as regenerative biomaterial for treating burn infection. Burned tissue or skin gets easily infected because the skin has lost its ability to protect the underlying tissues from microorganisms .Gram-positive bacteria are some of the first to colonize burns, followed quickly by gram-negative. Two bacterial species, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas areuginosa will be examined in depth in this work as they are two of the most prevalent infective agents. These two species have proven particularly difficult to treat because they possess a large number of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance genes. A plant with multi-potent pharmaceutical activities offers better treatment option. The extracts made from Euphorbia hirta and Triphala can speed the healing process by stimulating blood flow to the skin. In the present research work fish collagen was extracted from scales and the molecular weight was determined. The plant extract were prepared and unified with collagen membrane. The antimicrobial activity of Euphorbia hirta coated collagen membrane was performed against wound causing pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa for eliminating burn infection along with wound healing property.
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Ujı efektıvıtas ekstrak daun pacıng (Costus speciosus) terhadap penyembuhan luka sayat pada hewan uji kelinci (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Article
Full-text available
  • Nov 2021
Luka adalah keadaan dimana terjadi kerusakan jaringan tubuh yang mengganggu proses seluler normal yang melibatkan jaringan ikat, otot, dan kulit syaraf. Banyak tumbuhan herbal yang telah dilaporkan memiliki efektifitas dalam penangan luka, salah satunya adalah tumbuhan pacing (Costus speciosus) baik akar maupun daun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas dan konsentrasi dari daun pacing yang dapat menyembuhkan luka sayat pada hewan uji kelinci. Ekstrak daun pacing diperoleh dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Hewan uji yang digunakan adalah Kelinci (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Setiap hewan uji dibuat 5 kelompok, yaitu konsentrasi ekstrak 5%, konsentarsi ekstrak 10%, konsentrasi ekstrak 20%, kontrol negatif (basis gel), dan kontrol positif (salep betadin®). Setiap punggung kelinci dibuat menjadi 3 daerah yang telah dicukur dan diberikan sayatan pada daerah tersebut sepanjang 1 cm dengan kedalaman 0,3 cm. Pengukuran panjang luka sayat dilakukan setiap hari selama 7 hari, hasil pengukuran akan digunakan untuk perhitungan persentase kesembuhan yang kemudian akan dianalisis menggunakan metode Kruskal Wallis dan dilanjutkan menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa kelompok konsentrasi ekstrak 20% menunjukkan penyembuhan luka paling baik sebesar 91% dengan panjang luka 0,09 cm pada hari ke-7 dengan nilai p sebesar 0,016. Nilai ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap persentase penyembuhan luka sayat pada setiap kelompok hewan uji. Senyawa kimia yang terkandung dalam ekstrak etanol daun pacing adalah senyawa flavonoid, tanin dan saponin. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak daun pacing (Costus speciosus) memiliki efektifitas dalam penyembuhan luka sayat pada hewan uji.
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Canna x generalis L.H. Bailey rhizome extract ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis via modulating intestinal mucosal dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammation, and TLR4/ NF-ҡB and NLRP3 inflammasome pathways
Article
  • Dec 2020
  • J ETHNOPHARMACOL
Ethnopharmacological relevance Genus Canna is used in folk medicine as demulcent, diaphoretic, antipyretic, mild laxative and in gastrointestinal upsets therapy. Canna x generalis (CG) L.H. Bailey is traditionally used as anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic. Besides, CG is used in Ayurvedic medicines’ preparations and in the treatment of boils, wounds, and abscess. Nevertheless, its anti-inflammatory effects against UC are not yet investigated. Aim This study aimed to investigate the phytoconstituents of CG rhizome ethanol extract (CGE). Additionally, we aimed to comparatively evaluate its therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms against the reference drug “sulphasalazine (SAS)” in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice. Material and methods Metabolic profiling of CG rhizomes was performed via UHPLC/qTOF-HRMS; its total phenolic, flavonoid and steroid contents were determined and the main phytoconstituents were isolated and identified. Next, DSS-induced (4%) acute UC was established in C57BL/6 mice. DSS-induced mice were administered either CGE (100 and 200 mg/kg) or SAS (200 mg/kg) for 7 days. Body weight, colon length, disease activity index (DAI) and histopathological alterations in colon tissues were examined. Colon levels of oxidative stress (GSH, MDA, SOD and catalase) and pro-inflammatory [Myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitric oxide (NO), IL-1β, IL-12, TNF-α, and INF-γ] markers were colourimetrically determined. Serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and relative mRNA expressions of occludin, TLR4 and ASC (Apoptosis-Associated Speck-Like Protein Containing CARD) using RT-PCR were measured. Protein levels of NLRP3 inflammasome and cleaved-caspase-1 were determined by western blot. Furthermore, immunohistochemical examinations of caspase-3, NF-ҡB and claudin-1 were performed. Results Major identified constituents of CGE were flavonoids, phenolic acids, phytosterols, beside five isolated phytoconstituents (β-sitosterol, triacontanol fatty alcohol, β-sitosterol-3-O-β-glucoside, rosmarinic acid, 6-O-p-coumaroyl-β-D-fructofuranosyl α-D-glucopyranoside). The percentage of the phenolic, flavonoid and steroid contents in CGE were 20.55, 6.74 and 98.09 μg of gallic acid, quercetin and β-sitosterol equivalents/mg extract, respectively. In DSS-induced mice, CGE treatment ameliorated DAI, body weight loss and colon shortening. CGE ameliorated DSS-induced colonic histopathological alternations, inflammatory cell infiltration and histological scores. CGE elevated GSH, SOD and catalase levels, and suppressed MDA, pro-inflammatory mediators (MPO and NO) and cytokines levels in colonic tissues. Moreover, CGE downregulated LPS/TLR4 signaling, caspase-3 and NF-ҡB expressions. CGE treatment inhibited NLRP3 signaling pathway as indicated by suppression of the protein expression of NLRP3 and cleaved caspase-1, and the ASC mRNA expression in colonic tissues. Additionally, CGE caused restoration of tight junction proteins’ (occludin and claudin-1) expressions. Conclusion Our findings provided evidence for the therapeutic potential of CGE against UC. CGE restored intestinal mucosal barrier’s integrity, mitigated oxidative stress, inflammatory cascade, as well as NF-ҡB/TLR4 and NLRP3 pathways activation in colonic tissues. Notably, CGE in a dose of 200 mg/kg was more effective in ameliorating DSS-induced UC as compared to SAS at the same dose.
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Ethnomedicine of Ogiek of River Njoro watershed, Nakuru-Kenya
Article
Full-text available
  • Jun 2010
Medicinal plants play a major role in meeting the medical and health needs of people, especially in developing countries. However, destruction of habitat through deforestation, over exploitation for commercial purposes, and changes in cultural behaviors threatens to drive many of these species into extinction. This broad study focused on documenting most of the medicinal plants used by the Ogiek community in Mau Forest Complex to facilitate conservation efforts. Stratified random and snowball sampling methods were used to identify 60 men and 60 women living in the community to participate in this research. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered and data were analyzed using the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS). 94 traditionally recognized plants were identified and correlated with their medicinal uses as indicated by informants. These were found mainly in open fields, riparian zones and in the forest. Men identified relatively more medicinal plants and their medicinal values than women did. In contrast, women had more knowledge of techniques for preparation and administration of herbal drugs for domestic uses. There was a positive correlation between the number of plants known to respondents and the age of respondents.
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Wound Healing Ethnopharmacological Potentials of Selected Medicinal Plants used by Malayali Tribes
Article
Full-text available
  • May 2011
Healing chronic lower extremity wound is a problem worldwide, especially in developing countries. Aim of the present study is to document the traditional knowledge base / medicinal plants pertinent to healing wound popular among Malayali’s in Vattal Hills, Dharmapuri, Tamilnadu, India. Malayali’s in this area use a large number of plants extracts/ decoctions/ pastes to heal wound/ cut. Further, many of the plants used by Malayali’s have not been validated for their wound healing potential. The investigation resulted in the identification of 82 medicinal plants across 39 families to heal wound/cut. Maximum remedies were obtained from herbs (40%) followed by trees (31%) > shrubs (18%) > climbers (10%) and straggler (1%). Most of the healing aliments use leaves (30%) followed by whole plant (16%) > root (15%) > seed (11%) > fruit (10%) > stem (14%) > flower (4%). Further, external application of herbal formulations outnumbered oral consumption to promote wound healing.
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Herbal medicines for wound healing among tribal people in Southern India: Ethnobotanical and Scientific evidences
Article
Full-text available
  • Sep 2009
Results of an ethnobotanical study of wound healing treatments among the tribal people ofTirunelveli hills in southern India are presented. A total of 46 plants belonging to 44 genera and 26 familieshave been documented for their therapeutic use against wounds and related injuries such as cuts, burns, bruisescaused by external injury, boils, sores, abscess and wounds created during delivery. Leaves were the mostfrequently utilized plant part and most herbal remedies are prepared as paste and applied externally; in somecases medicinal preparations were also administered orally. Of the plants collected in the present study none ofthe plants have been reported to have such specific wound healing compounds except Areca catechu andScoparia dulcis. The present study suggested that further clinical experimentation is needed to scientificallyevaluate these widely used herbal remedies for possible bioactive effects.
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Physiology of wound healing
Article
  • Mar 2001
Despite the emphasis placed on skin care, hospitalized infants often experience injury to their skin. Although skin injuries vary, they have a common innate mechanism for repair and healing. Wound healing is a physiologic process that involves a series of sequential yet overlapping stages. The first stage, hemostasis, occurs immediately at the time of injury. During hemostasis, a provisional matrix seals the injury site and initiates the process of wound healing. The second stage, inflammation, is triggered by a variety of mediators released from injured tissue cells and capillaries, activated platelets and their cytokines, and the by-products of hemostasis. During the third stage, the wound surface is covered with new skin and vascular and structural integrity are restored as granulation tissue fills the defect. The final stage, remodeling, is responsible for maturation of the granulation tissue into mature connective tissue and/or scar. A thorough understanding of wound healing physiology is an important prerequisite to providing care that optimizes wound healing and prevents unnecessary complications. Many of the current wound care practices are based on tradition rather than scientific knowledge. As the interface between the infant and the environment, nurses are in an ideal position to evaluate the soundness of these wound care practices. Physiologic-based care strategies to enhance wound healing are proposed. Copyright © 2001 by W.B. Saunders Company
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The efficacy of aloe vera used for burn wound healing: a systematic review
Data
  • Oct 2012
  • BURNS
Aloe vera has been traditionally used for burn healing but clinical evidence remains unclear. We conducted a systematic review to determine the efficacy of topical aloe vera for the treatment of burn wounds. We electronically searched relevant studies in MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, HealthSTAR, DARE, South-East Asia Database, Chinese Databases, and several Thai local Databases (1918–June 2004). Only controlled clinical trials for burn healing were included. There were no restrictions on any language of publication. Two reviewers independently extracted data on study characteristics, patient characteristics, intervention, and outcome measure.Four studies with a total of 371 patients were included in this review. Based on a meta-analysis using duration of wound healing as an outcome measure, the summary weighted mean difference in healing time of the aloe vera group was 8.79 days shorter than those in the control group (P = 0.006). Due to the differences of products and outcome measures, there is paucity to draw a specific conclusion regarding the effect of aloe vera for burn wound healing. However, cumulative evidence tends to support that aloe vera might be an effective interventions used in burn wound healing for first to second degree burns. Further, well-designed trials with sufficient details of the contents of aloe vera products should be carried out to determine the effectiveness of aloe vera.
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Wound healing properties of Carica papaya latex: In vivo evaluation in mice burn model
Article
  • Dec 2008
  • J ETHNOPHARMACOL
Carica papaya is traditionally used to treat various skin disorders, including wounds. It is widely used in developing countries as an effective and readily available treatment of various wounds, particularly burns. This study was aimed at investigating the healing efficiency of papaya latex formulated as 1.0 and 2.5% hydrogels. Burns were induced in Swiss albino mice divided into five groups as following; Group-I (negative control) received no treatment. Group-II was treated with Carbopol 974P NF empty gel. Groups-III and -IV were treated with Carbopol gel containing 1.0 and 2.5% of dried papaya latex, respectively. Group-V (positive control) received the standard drug (silver sulphadiazine and chlorhexidine gluconate cream). The efficacy of treatment was evaluated based on the hydroxyproline content, wound contraction and epithelialization time. Hydroxyproline content was found to be significantly increased in the Group-III. Significant increase in percentage wound contraction was observed from day 12 in Group-IV and from day 20 in Groups-III and -V. The epithelialization time was found to be the shortest in Group-IV. It may be concluded that papaya latex formulated in the Carbopol gel is effective in the treatment of burns and thus supports its traditional use.
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The Value of Plants Used in Traditional Medicine for Drug Discovery
Article
  • Apr 2001
In this review we describe and discuss several approaches to selecting higher plants as candidates for drug development with the greatest possibility of success. We emphasize the role of information derived from various systems of traditional medicine (ethnomedicine) and its utility for drug discovery purposes. We have identified 122 compounds of defined structure, obtained from only 94 species of plants, that are used globally as drugs and demonstrate that 80% of these have had an ethnomedical use identical or related to the current use of the active elements of the plant. We identify and discuss advantages and disadvantages of using plants as starting points for drug development, specifically those used in traditional medicine.
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Studies on antibacterial, antioxidant and fibroblast growth stimulation of wound healing remedies from South Africa
Article
  • Jan 2005
  • J ETHNOPHARMACOL
Aqueous and methanol extracts of Urtica urens, Capparis tomentosa, Dicoma anomala, Leonotis leonorus, Xysmalobium undulatum, Helichrysum foetidum, Pterocarpus angolensis, Terminalia sericea and Gunnera perpensa, plants documented as being used for topical wound healing in the literature, were tested for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methanol and water extracts of two of these plants, Terminalia sericea and Gunnera perpensa, were more active compared to the other extracts against Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. The effects of the latter plants on fibroblast growth as well as oxidant production by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine were also studied. The water and methanol extracts of Terminalia sericea and Gunnera perpensa significantly decreased luciginin enhanced chemiluminescence at concentrations of 100 microg/ml and higher. However, the extracts had no effect on the growth of primary human fibroblasts.
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Antibacterial and Wound healing properties of Methanolic extracts of some Nigerian medicinal plants
Article
  • Apr 2006
  • J ETHNOPHARMACOL
This study was conducted to evaluate methanolic extracts of Ageratum conyzoides, Anthocleista djalonensis, Napoleona imperialis, Ocimum gratissimum, and Psidium guajava for antibacterial and wound healing properties. Antibacterial properties of the extracts were studied against eleven wound isolates (Staphylococcus aureus (four strains), E. coli (two strains), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (one strain), Proteus spp. (three strains), and Shigella spp. (one strain)) using the well diffusion method. Wound healing properties of Ageratum conyzoides, Anthocleista djalonensis, Napoleonaea imperialis, and Ocimum gratissimum were determined using the excision wound model. Extract of Napoleona imperialis inhibited growth of all the test bacterial strains while Psidium guajava and Anthocleista djalonensis extracts prevented growth of 81.8 and 72.7% of the test organisms, respectively. Ageratum conyzoides and Ocimum gratissimum extracts did not inhibit growth of any of the test organisms. More than 90% wound healing was recorded in the extract and cicatrin powder treated groups by 14 days post surgery, where as 72% healing was observed in the distilled water-treated group. The percentage healing in the distilled water-treated group was significantly different (P<0.001) from those of extract and antibiotic-treated groups.
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