... It should be noted that this individual difference is not the same as political interest or political expertise (Duncan, 2005); instead, this measure assesses the attachment of personal meaning—self relevance—to political or social-level events. Stewart, Settles, and Winter summarized the different emphasis in political science and psychological research on political participation, with political scientists emphasizing proximate effects with direct political content (attitudes, information , party identification; see, e.g., Rosenstone & Hansen, 1993; Verba & Nie, 1972; Verba, Schlozman, & Brady, 1995), and psychologists emphasizing broader personality dispositions (see, e.g., Block, Haan, & Smith, 1973; Rothman & Lichter, 1982; Stone & Schaffner, 1988). However, the two traditions overlap in their arguments that " social resources, personality, and attitudes, skills and experience accumulated over the life course are important predictors of political participation " (1998, p. 65). ...