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Chemical Composition of The Frog Legs (Rana Ridibunda)
... Due to the destruction of their habitat, overexploitation, pollution and lack of management program, many amphibians' populations are in decrease [7] . A part from their ecological importance, frog meat is an attractive food in European big restaurants since the 16 th century [8] . It represents a very important source of protein that can be affiliated to chicken meat with a good taste [9] . ...
... Tadpoles fed on the 10 % ration showed values nearby those in the initial sample. These results are similar to those of Cagiltay et al. [8] , who led a study on the chemical composition of Rana ridibunda in rearing. Nevertheless, these values are upper than those recorded by Ozogul et al. [37] in Rana esculenta and Cagiltay et al. [8] in Rana ridibunda from Adana, Bursa and Trakya regions in Turkey. ...
... These results are similar to those of Cagiltay et al. [8] , who led a study on the chemical composition of Rana ridibunda in rearing. Nevertheless, these values are upper than those recorded by Ozogul et al. [37] in Rana esculenta and Cagiltay et al. [8] in Rana ridibunda from Adana, Bursa and Trakya regions in Turkey. That could result not only from the difference species but from the used feed quality. ...
The experiment was carried out for 24 days in open circuit made of 18 cemented ponds containing 50 L water each. The current study aims to estimate the optimal feed ration in Hoplobatrachus occipitalis tadpoles (0.097 ± 0.026 g). Six rations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30% of biomass/day) were tested in triplicate to evaluate their effect on the growth, survival and the carcass composition of these latter. Results showed Specific Growth Rate and Feed Efficiency was not significantly influenced by feed ration (P˃0.05). Highest Specific Growth Rates were observed in tadpoles fed on rations of 15 and 20 % of biomass or 9.059 ± 0.209 %/Day and 9.027±0.142 %/Day respectively. Besides, highest mean values of Feed Efficiency were obtained in tadpoles fed on rations of 10 and 15% of biomass or 0.778±0.383 and 0.757±0.052. Optimal and maximum feed rations in tadpoles of H. occipitalis are respectively 6.02 and 21.37 % of biomass per day.
... Overall, P. epeiroticus proximate composition exhibited a high degree of similarity with cultured and wild frog species Lithobates catesbeianus from Brazil and Mexico, respectively [34,47]. P. epeiroticus moisture and protein content were similar to the frog species P. ridibundus and L. catesbeianus species caught in the wild [33,50,52]. ...
... Notably, fat content exhibited significantly lower value compared both to cultured and wild frog species [28,33,34,50,51], possibly attributed to the timing the individuals were caught, in the onset of spring right after winter when body fat tissue had not returned to normal values after a fasting period. No significant difference was indicated for P. epeiroticus fat content between sexes, with males exhibiting higher fat content (0.28 ± 0.12) compared to females (0.11 ± 0.07). ...
The edible water frog Pelophylax epeiroticus, distributed mainly in Northwest Greece and utilized commercially as food, was investigated in lake Pamvotida (Ioannina). The objective was to assess aspects of population structure (sex ratio, morphometric characteristics, allometric relationships) and proximate composition of the Epirus water frog (Pelophylax epeiroticus). Commercial samples (31 females and 54 males) were obtained and sex ratio, morphometric characteristics, allometric relationships and proximate composition were assessed. A significantly lower abundance of females was indicated (31 females and 54 males). Body length range was higher in females (females 3.4 mm, males 2.6 mm), whereas total weight range was higher in males (females 45.08 gr, males 48.35 gr). Differences in allometric relationships were indicated between sexes. The high protein (15.93 ± 3.32) and low lipid (0.25 ± 0.13) contents indicated that P. epeiroticus is an excellent food source of high nutritional value. A tree classification algorithm indicated that the principal contributing component for sex classification was dry matter, followed by a proportion of edible flesh and protein content. A predicted future increase in demand for wild-caught individuals requires the use of a suitable management plan, coupled with the development of farming practices aiming to assure the sustainable exploitation of this important resource and alleviate the pressure on its populations.
... Protein content of frogs collected from nature in Adana, Bursa and Trakya regions as 16.58 ± 0.14 g / 100 g, 18.94 ± 0.01 g / 100 g and 19.37 ± 0.03 g / 100 g, respectively [55]. In our study, the crude protein values of the female frogs gathered from the Golbasi region are similar to the frogs gathered from the Adana and Bursa regions but lower than the protein values of the frogs gathered from the Trakya region. ...
... Glutamic acid, aspartic acid and leucine are the highest amino acids found in frogs as also found in other studies of the amount of amino acids. [2,10,17,55,59]. The amount of sixteen amino acids was measured in this study which was carried out with the female marsh frogs collected from the nature and raised on the farm. ...
In this study, the proximate composition and some amino acid profiles of the marsh frog (66.54 ± 6.75 g) grown using marsh frogs (Pelophylax ridibundus) collected from nature (62,613 ± 15,86 g) and the pellet food containing 35% crude protein were examined in this study. This study has been carried out on female frogs, particularly for the fact that in the same age female ones weigh more than their male counterparts. As a result of the study, it was determined that the amount of crude protein in the leg meat of the female cultured frogs was higher than that of the female wild frogs and that these values are 19.69 ± 0.17 g / 100 g and 18.88 ± 0.48 g / 100 g without a statistically significant difference (P> 0.05) between them.
It was evaluated that the amount of fat in fe-male frogs raised in the farm was 0.71 ± 0.03 g and that of the wild frogs was 0.82 ± 0.03 g and that the difference between these amounts was not signifi-cant (P> 0.05). Sixteen amino acid analyses indicated that the amount of amino acids in the female frogs cultivated was higher than in the wild and it was determined that the difference between the amounts of amino acids other than isoleucine, leucine, valine and alanine was significant (P <0.05). The high amounts of lysine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid and leucine were respectively detected in the meat of female frogs, both from the nature and from farms. Of these sixteen amino acids, while nine are essential amino acids (lysine, histidine, arginine, threonine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine and phenylalanine), lysine has been identified as the essential amino acid with the highest concentration in female frogs found both in nature and in farms. As a result, it has been determined that P. ridibundus is a worthwhile crop and a rich source of nutrients for humans.
... In a similarly related study,Cagiltay et al. (2014)also reported mean values of protein in wild marsh frog (Rana ridibunda) that fell within the interval 17.82 – 19.22%. Other related studies include the works ofOzugul et al. (2008)who also reported a mean value of 19.22% in studies conducted on Rana esculenta andCagiltay et al. (2011)who recorded values within the range 16.58 ± 0.14%, 18.94 ± 0.01% and 19.37 ± 0.03% in wild frogs collected from Adana, Bursa and Trakya regions respectively in Turkey. The results of protein content of P. adspersus and O. niloticus obtained in this study were, therefore, found to be consistent with values reported in previous investigations. ...
ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT A study was conducted to evaluate the carbohydrate, lipid, ash, protein, moisture and fiber contents of samples of African bullfrog (Pyxicephalus adspersus) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) collected from ARAC chemical compositions of both species, some of which were statistically significant, were observed in the study. The range of mean values of carbohydrate (0.54 ± 0.01 – 4.54 ± 2.13%), ash (4.02 ± 0.51 (71.86 ± 0.51 with values reported in pr important source of animal protein, providing approximately some 10 human consumption. Animals with lipid content < 5% are classified to have low contents of P. adspersus and O. niloticus recorded in this study were all below 5%, and therefore falls within the low Copyright©2016, Daniel et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Att distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
... In a similarly related study,Cagiltay et al. (2014)also reported mean values of protein in wild marsh frog (Rana ridibunda) that fell within the interval 17.82 – 19.22%. Other related studies include the works ofOzugul et al. (2008)who also reported a mean value of 19.22% in studies conducted on Rana esculenta andCagiltay et al. (2011)who recorded values within the range 16.58 ± 0.14%, 18.94 ± 0.01% and 19.37 ± 0.03% in wild frogs collected from Adana, Bursa and Trakya regions respectively in Turkey. The results of protein content of P. adspersus and O. niloticus obtained in this study were, therefore, found to be consistent with values reported in previous investigations. ...
ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT A study was conducted to evaluate the carbohydrate, lipid, ash, protein, moisture and fiber contents of samples of African bullfrog (Pyxicephalus adspersus) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) collected from ARAC chemical compositions of both species, some of which were statistically significant, were observed in the study. The range of mean values of carbohydrate (0.54 ± 0.01 – 4.54 ± 2.13%), ash (4.02 ± 0.51 (71.86 ± 0.51 with values reported in pr important source of animal protein, providing approximately some 10 human consumption. Animals with lipid content < 5% are classified to have low contents of P. adspersus and O. niloticus recorded in this study were all below 5%, and therefore falls within the low Copyright©2016, Daniel et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Att distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
... In a similarly related study, Cagiltay et al. (2014) also reported mean values of protein in wild marsh frog (Rana ridibunda) that fell within the interval 17.82 – 19.22%. Other related studies include the works of Ozugul et al. (2008) who also reported a mean value of 19.22% in studies conducted on Rana esculenta and Cagiltay et al. (2011) who recorded values within the range 16.58 ± 0.14%, 18.94 ± 0.01% and 19.37 ± 0.03% in wild frogs collected from Adana, Bursa and Trakya regions respectively in Turkey. The results of protein content of P. adspersus and O. niloticus obtained in this study were, therefore, found to be consistent with values reported in previous investigations. ...
ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT A study was conducted to evaluate the carbohydrate, lipid, ash, protein, moisture and fiber contents of samples of African bullfrog (Pyxicephalus adspersus) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) collected from ARAC chemical compositions of both species, some of which were statistically significant, were observed in the study. The range of mean values of carbohydrate (0.54 ± 0.01 – 4.54 ± 2.13%), ash (4.02 ± 0.51 (71.86 ± 0.51 with values reported in pr important source of animal protein, providing approximately some 10 human consumption. Animals with lipid content < 5% are classified to have low contents of P. adspersus and O. niloticus recorded in this study were all below 5%, and therefore falls within the low Copyright©2016, Daniel et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Att distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Marsh frog has a very good meat composition and is consumed as a delicacy in countries as France, Belgium, Germany, Italy and many others. The aim of this study is to estimate chemical composition of wild and cultured water frogs. Results show that the average protein value of frog meat is relatively high, 18.52 and 22.95 g/100 g meat, respectively for wild and cultured frog. Fat content is low 0.74 and 0.93 g/100 g meat, respectively from wild and cultured frogs. Colour parameters of wild and cultured frog meat is similar (L* value = 53.83 – 50.13, a* value = 4.81 – 3.38 and b* value = 3.91 – 3.84). The content of most of amino acid is higher in meat of cultured frog then in wild frog (P<0.05) except non essentials amino acid serine, cysteine and alanine. The differences are reflection of higher protein content and higher sum of amino acids in meat of cultured frogs. Amino acid content of meat protein however shows higher values of leucine and proline in cultured, compare to wild frog. It was found that meats of both wild and cultured frog had high amounts of highly unsaturated fatty acids (C18:2, C18:4, C20:5 and C22:6), with favourable ratio of Ω-3 to Ω-6 fatty acids. In meat of cultured frog dominated Ω-3 unsaturated fatty acid, while in wild frog meat are more Ω-6 fatty acids. Content of Important minerals like Fe, Mg, and P is higher in cultured than wild
frog. Observed small differences in composition in wild and cultured frog meat reflected some difference of feeding. The results showed that cultured frogs have as valuable chemical composition as the wild frogs and other sea foods.
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