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Preliminary results on the influence of stress coping styles on spawning success in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) broodstock held in captivity
Abstract
The term stress coping styles is widely used in various ethological areas in order to define the “individual variation” in behaviour and physiology of organisms confronted with a stressor. It has been established that fish and others vertebrates, including humans, exhibit two main stress response behaviours: proactive and reactive. Proactive organisms were characterized as bold (dominant), while reactive organisms were characterized as shy (passive) organisms. In aquaculture, the relation between stress and reproductive performance has been reviewed (Schreck, 2010), but less attention has been given to understanding the relation between fish behaviour when confronted with stress (stress coping style) and reproductive performance and/or gamete quality. The aim of the present study was to identify and characterize the stress coping styles in Senegalese sole (S. senegalensis) breeders and determine the possible relation with reproductive success and gamete quality.
... In fish, few studies indicate that coping styles could be linked to sperm motility. Zatarain et al. (2013) did not found a significant effect of coping styles in gamete quality in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis ). However, Clement et al. (2005a, b) found that dominant African cichlid fish (Astatotilapia burtoni) are more effective breeders. ...
Individual differences in behaviour and physiological responses to stress are associated with evolutionary adaptive variation and thus raw material for evolution. In farmed animals, the interest in consistent trait associations, i.e. coping styles, has increased dramatically over the last years. However, one of limitations of the available knowledge, regarding the temporal consistency, is that it refers always to short-term consistency (usually few weeks). The present study used an escape response during a net restraining test, previously shown to be an indicative of coping styles in seabream, to investigate long-term consistency of coping styles both over time and during different life history stages. Results showed both short-term (14 days) consistency and long-term (8 months) consistency of escape response. However, we did not found consistency in the same behaviour after sexual maturation when the restraining test was repeated 16, 22 and 23 months after the first test was performed. In conclusion, this study showed consistent behaviour traits in seabream when juveniles, and a loss of this behavioural traits when adults. Therefore, these results underline that adding a life story approach to data interpretation as an essential step forward towards coping styles foreground. Furthermore, a fine-tuning of aquaculture rearing strategies to adapt to different coping strategies may need to be adjusted differently at early stages of development and adults to improve the welfare of farmed fish.
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