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Switching type secondary battery discharge system capable of zero-voltage discharge
Abstract
This paper proposes a switching type secondary battery discharge system capable of zero-voltage discharge. The proposed system can discharge until the voltage of a battery reaches 0[V] even in the domain with low battery voltage, while maintaining the discharge current uniformly at a set point. In order to confirm usefulness of the proposed system, this paper performed its simulation and verified its results through an experiment.
... Because, the battery cannot be discharged any more when the battery voltage is equal to the total sum of the forward voltage drops at each circuit component. Recently, a method to implement the zero voltage discharge function with a switching converter has been presented [19], [20]. In the method, the zero voltage discharge function is achieved by applying a small voltage to the secondary during the discharge. ...
... With the proposed topology in [19], the zero voltage discharge function can be achieved with the help of four diodes by preventing short circuits due to the applied primary voltage. Although this topology is capable of discharging batteries to zero voltage, it is unable to charge batteries. ...
One important test for the formation and grading of a lithium-ion battery is to confirm the performance of the battery while discharging it down to zero volts. In this paper, a novel soft-switching charge/discharge converter with the zero voltage discharge function is proposed. The proposed converter is able to discharge a battery until its voltage reaches zero volts. The phase-shift full-bridge method is used to charge the battery and the current-fed push-pull method with bidirectional switches is used for the discharge. Zero voltage switching (ZVS) of the switches is achieved at turn-on during the charge operation. ZVS turn-on and zero current switching turn-off of the switches are achieved during the discharge operation. The charge/discharge controllers are designed taking into account the internal impedance of the battery. The performance of the system is verified by the experiments using lithium-ion batteries.
In this paper, a modular output series-parallel SRC-differential buck converter is analyzed for high-power, ultra-wide-voltage applications such as battery formation systems and bench-type power supplies where a zero voltage discharging function is required. An independent control method in one module is proposed to increase the efficiency of the converter compared to the conventional complementary control method. In the modular output-series connection, higher efficiency can be achieved by shedding needless modules in the low voltage range. Module shedding and activating techniques are proposed to eliminate current and voltage transients during a mode change under any load condition without the use of additional bypass switches. In addition, when a fault occurs in one module, its effect on the other module is analyzed. A practical solution involving turn-off processes for fail-safe operation is proposed, which reduces current stress and voltage spikes on devices and effect among modules without depending on the external signal from the central controller and the communication delay. A prototype of a modular series-parallel SRC- differential buck
converter is implemented to verify the proposed concept.
A battery tester is an important equipment for battery manufacturers to understand several characteristics of a lithium-ion battery including dc and/or over-discharge properties. This paper proposes a low cost battery tester that can discharge the battery to zero voltage under a minimized current ripple to evaluate the characteristics of a lithium-ion battery. The circuit of the proposed tester consists of two basic bidirectional buck converters with no additional switch or auxiliary circuitry structure. In addition, to ensure the minimization of the current ripple components, a link voltage variation scheme is adapted. Due to these properties, the proposed circuit enables to provide a low cost and a good DC characteristics with a low current ripple. The performance of the proposed battery tester is verified by several simulation and experimental results with a lithium-ion battery as a load.
This paper initially presents a review of the several battery
models used for electric vehicles and battery energy storage system
applications. A model is discussed which takes into account the
nonlinear characteristics of the battery with respect to the battery's
state of charge. Comparisons between simulation and laboratory
measurements are presented. The effects of high frequency switching on
the battery performance are also discussed. A strategy to reduce the
high frequency charging and discharging current is proposed
This paper describes a low noise and high efficiency analog-digital switching mixed mode battery charger for production facilities of Li-ion batteries. The requirements for battery chargers for production facilities are very strict. The accuracy of output voltage and output current should be below 0.1% with very low ripple current. Therefore analog type linear regulators are widely used for a battery charger in spite of their inefficiency and bulkiness. We combined a linear regulator as a voltage source with digital switching converter as a dependent current source. Low current ripple and high accuracy are obtained by a linear regulator while high efficiency is achieved by digital switching converter. Experimental results show that the proposed method has 0.1% ripple and 90% efficiency at an output current of 1 A for a battery voltage of 4 V.
A Study on Intelligent Charge and Discharge Control for Secondary Battery
- G W Lim
- K S Kim
- S G Yoo
Development of Vehicle Electric Energy Simulator System for Algorithm of Charging/Dischaarging Estimation
- H J No
- K W Ko
- S H Shin