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From LAMP to Koha: Case study of the Pakistan legislative assembly libraries
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to elaborate the library data migration process from LAMP (Library Automation Management Program) to the open source software Koha's (2.2.8 Windows based) Pakistani flavour PakLAG‐Koha in six legislative assembly libraries of Pakistan.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper explains different steps of the data migration from one ILM (integrated library management system) to a new ILM in six libraries over the course of three months. Qualitative research methods, i.e. direct observation and interviews, were adopted for finding the problems and solutions of the delayed project. Training and support was offered by a local volunteer group (PakLAG). One of the authors of the paper presented first‐hand experience of being a consultant of this project. The study and results are the author's own reflections and first‐hand experiences, and hence results are based on direct observations.
Findings
The paper identifies several critical issues and their solutions concerning data migration within a local scenario as well as how local consultants and support groups are coping with these issues. It was noticed that the data migration can be done quickly if any support group is properly involved with the library staff.
Originality/value
This paper provides first‐hand experience and success story of library data migration from DOS‐based ILM to open source software. Process, tools and findings discussed in this paper are valuable for the libraries planning to convert non‐MARC data to open source MARC‐based software Koha.
... Concerns Pakistan, few studies have been conducted on OSS, which did not discuss Koha exclusively. Only three studies were found [7,10,17] on Koha. Ahmed et al. [30] present a case study of the University of Engineering & Technology Taxila Library, showcasing their successful transition from the Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP/Perl/Python (LAMP) system to Koha. ...
... The implementation of Koha in libraries can provide cost-effective and user-friendly solutions for managing library resources and services. There are a few case studies on Koha in Pakistan on different aspects of Koha [10,17]. There is a dire need to conduct research that provides insight into the BI of library professionals throughout Pakistan. ...
The study investigated the adoption footprints of Koha in university libraries in Pakistan by using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. The UTAUT model suggests that the decision to use technology is influenced by performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence and facilitating conditions. The study used a survey questionnaire to collect data from 250 librarians working in libraries and analysed the results using a quantitative research approach. The findings of the study revealed that performance expectancy, effort expectancy and facilitating conditions positively influenced the intention to adopt Koha. Interestingly, social influence had no significant effect on the adoption of Koha, indicating that the opinions of others did not play a significant role in the decision to adopt Koha. Personal innovativeness had a negative impact on the behavioural intention of librarians to use Koha. Personal innovativeness refers to the willingness of individuals to adopt new technology, and this finding suggests that librarians who are less willing to adopt new technology may be less probably to adopt Koha. The study also found that the significance of information and communication technology (ICT) background among librarians in Pakistan was low. This can be attributed to inadequate perceived social influence and facilitating conditions towards adopting new information technology (IT) solutions. To increase the use of Koha among librarians, the study recommends that libraries improve social influence and provide better conditions for adoption. This study has important implications for library managers and policymakers who are seeking to enhance the use of open-source library management system (LMS) in university libraries.
... Koha is presently kept up by a group of software suppliers and library innovation staff around the world. This is living software with upgrades out every day by its worldwide community (Shafi-Ullah and Qutab, 2012). Singh and Sanaman (2012) reported that Koha has received many awards including winner of the "Not for Profit section of the 2000 Interactive New Zealand award", winner of the 3 M award for "Innovation in Libraries" in 2000, winner of the public organization section of "Les Trophées du Libre" in 2003 and winner of the "Use of IT in a Not-for-Profit Organization ComputerWorld Excellence Award" in 2004. ...
... In Pakistan, some comprehensive studies have been found on OSS, which partially discussed the Koha ILS. Only two case studies (Khan et al., 2016;Shafi-Ullah and Qutab, 2012) were found on Koha in Pakistan and there is a dire need to conduct a comprehensive study on Koha. This study explores why professionals in Pakistan are adopting Koha and which kinds of problems occurred during the implementation of Koha. ...
Abstract
Purpose – This study aims to find out the reasons of adopting Koha integrated library software, discovers the problems faced by librarians during its implementation, and gets the perceptions of librarians about the performances of Koha in Punjab, a province of Pakistan.
Design/methodology/approach – Survey method was used to collect the data through questionnaire from the purposefully selected sample (N = 66) of university librarians of Punjab, a province of Pakistan.
Findings – The librarians adopted Koha due to the availability of Web online public access catalog (OPAC), provision of MARC21 standards for cataloging and its free availability. During implementation, the librarians were faced with the problems of lack of technical skills, lack of knowledge about the Linux operating system, shortage of skilled manpower, slow internet speeds and approval from their organization. They highly rated the performance of the cataloguing, circulation, patron and OPAC modules of Koha.
Originality/value – This research provides a brief picture of librarians’ perceptions about Koha adoption and satisfaction levels. The findings highlighted the issues and problems faced during the implementation of Koha. This study will be helpful for librarians in the selection, implementation and usage of the Koha software in their libraries.
Keywords Koha, Integrated library software, Library open source software, Library management systems, Library automation software
Paper type Research paper
... Several studies examined the adoption of the Koha open source library management system for the respective libraries using data migration (House, 2016;Kampa and Kaushik, 2019;Keast, 2011;Ponelis and Adoma, 2018); all of these adoptions have gone through challenging and stressful processes. On the other hand, a few studies reported on the incompatibilities, data conversion issues, subfield problems, technical concerns, data migration issues, and implementation problems of Koha (Makori and Osebe, 2016;Omeluzor et al., 2012;Shafi-Ullah and Qutab, 2012;Todd, 2018;Walls, 2011). ...
Purpose
This paper aims to outline the migration of outdated computerized documentation system/integrated set for information systems (CDS/ISIS) database in to fully functional Web-based Automatización de Bibliotecas y Centros de Documentación (ABCD) integrated library system (ILS), which is derived from the the United Nations educational, scientific and cultural organization (UNESCO) CDS/ISIS software technology.
Design/methodology/approach
The existing integrated set for information systems (ISIS) tags were needed to be remapped as per the tag of MARC-like or structured bibliographic format database by editing integrated set for information systems print formats. Moreover, a sequence of tasks was required to complete the whole process. The major procedures were accomplished as exporting ISIS data into .iso format, creating ABCD database and uploading .iso file into the new database. The next part was configuration and connection with the Web interface after editing PFT.
Findings
CDS/ISIS users who have data in the international organization for standardization format on old versions of CDS/ISIS software applications now have the opportunity to migrate their data into the new application. The detailed process had been outlined not an only successful method of migrating outdated valuable records, also creation of ABCD database.
Originality/value
This paper may help the users of CDS/ISIS or WinISIS to migrate for ABCD and not to expire or give up their valuable data. This is one of the best ways to migrate ISIS data to ABCD with proven functionality. A specific aim of Automatización de Bibliotecas y Centros de Documentación Integrated Library System is to offer a tool for librarians, rather than information communications technology technicians, which is achieved by taking library and information science principles.
... However, still, the same poor ratio was reported in 2015 i.e. only 8 libraries out of 110 were using Koha (Rehman, Mahmood, & Bhatti, 2012) (Rafiq & Ameen, 2010) informed that Pakistani librarians are very much in favor of free software and the majority of their respondent libraries were intended to use Koha, a number of scholars & software users declared "Koha" as the top-ranked open-source ILS (Shafi-Ullah & Qutab, 2012) and it had become the first preference of Pakistani librarians and libraries (Rafiq & Ameen, 2010), this was not only to fulfill the requirements of library system and OPAC but also to integrate with uniform practices around the world. It was felt that only conducting workshops or seminars wasn't enough for the implementation of this greatest innovative resource. ...
This paper presents an overview of Koha Integrated Library Management Software deployments in Pakistani libraries in general and also discusses the Pakistan Library Association's Koha Implementation Program (PLA's KIP) in detail which is a unique idea for a library association in a developing country context to voluntarily support library automation for library development. The purpose of this study is to measure the impact of this program on librarians' professionals and personal life and also to recommend a future technology path for the Pakistan Library Association and also other similar associations working on such initiatives. In this paper qualitative descriptive approach is adopted where data was collected through literature review, semi-structured-open-ended interviews of head librarians of those concerned institutions where Koha-ILS was implemented under the PLA's KIP and the author’s personal experience sharing in implementing and teaching the Koha-ILS through this program.
... Currently it is maintained by a team of software providers and library technology staff from around the globe as open source software (OSS). This living software is upgraded everyday by its worldwide community (Shafi-Ullah & Qutab, 2012). The Koha project uses a number of channels to allow members of its community to communicate with each otherthere is a general mailing list (koha@lists.katipo.co.nz), ...
Libraries and Information centers have been using library automation software packages for performing various library operations. There are a number of Library Management Software Packages in the market both proprietary as well as open source. In the recent years, Koha integrated library system has gained more popularity and acceptability among Indian libraries. This paper aims to elaborate the different phases in data migration process from ‘Alice for windows’ already in use in the Department of Library and Information Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India to Koha integrated library system. The case study describes the steps involved in migrating all bibliographic data to Koha. In addition to this, the present study also describes the process of migrating all Patrons’ data with up-to-date circulation status including historical records. This case study will be useful for those who want to migrate to Koha from other integrated library software.
... The main features of PakLAG-Koha include the accommodation of regional languages of Pakistan, online keyboards in regional languages and a reporting module to meet local needs. The other important feature which is increasing the popularity of PakLAG-Koha over the OSS Koha is the availability of the PakLAG support team that has representatives all over the country (Shafi-Ullah and Qutab, 2012). ...
Purpose
– This paper is the part of PhD research of the principal researcher. This paper aims to describe current status of library software being used in the libraries of Pakistan, role of national and foreign agencies in the development of library software in Pakistan, problems faced by the libraries in implementation and to highlight the recommendations by the experts in the field to overcome the problems. It also attempts to provide a bibliography on the topic to researchers in the field of library and information science.
Design/methodology/approach
– Available literature was reviewed. The articles were usually published in national and international journals of library and information science and contributed by Pakistani authors. Other sources consulted were books, conference proceedings, theses and dissertations and websites of libraries and professionals’ organisations.
Findings
– The situation in Pakistan regarding library software cannot be compared with the that in advanced countries. Lack of standard library software, the multilingual nature of the library collections, poor budgets, computer illiteracy, software piracy and unavailability of support from local vendors are the main hindrances in the effective implementation of library software. In the available literature, experts have recommended the formulation of a consortium or a body under the umbrella of the Government of Pakistan which could provide standard library software, along with technical support, innovation and upgrades of the software, to meet the needs of Pakistani libraries.
Originality/value
– This is the first paper that presents the current status of library software in Pakistan, problems faced by the libraries in implementation of library software and recommendations suggested by the experts to overcome the problems.
The experimental case study assessed the functionality and workflows of Koha, an open-source integrated library system (ILS), and determined the feasibility of implementing it in library environments based on the necessary installation, configuration, data migration, and staff training requirements. The study followed the system development lifecycle. Implementation and test plans were created, and an installation platform was selected. Koha was installed using prerequisites on a Linux server, using system settings, modules, metadata standards, and tools. Koha version 22.04 on a Linux server running Xubuntu 20.04 LTS which included Apache, MySQL, Perl modules, and Solr 8 for indexing was used. Sample data were obtained from the Library of Congress bibliographic database with bibliographic, holdings, and authority records. Koha was successfully installed with 100 sample MARC records loaded from the Library of Congress. Testing during deployment showed all circulation, cataloguing, acquisition, and administration functions operating correctly. Relationships were maintained between authority, bibliographic, Volume 7 Number 2 (December 2022) Nigerian Journal of Library and Information Science 1868 holdings, and item records demonstrating robust data models. The study concluded that the experimental case study offers a valuable framework for libraries seeking to implement Koha ILS and leverage its capabilities for electronic content management. The process emphasized essential stages involved in installation, data migration, configuration, integration, and testing. The study recommended that libraries should allocate budgets for customizing Koha usability. Library schools should incorporate open-source ILS courses to extend the knowledge and skills acquisition to students and the like.
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the use of software for the automation of academic libraries in Sialkot. The present study consisted of three objectives, including recognizing the reasons to adopt the software for library automation, investigating the problems faced by librarians while using library software, and identifying the satisfaction level with the attributes of library software.
Methods: A quantitative research approach was used to achieve the objectives of the study. A survey was conducted to collect data from the library information science professionals working in the academic libraries of Sialkot. The data was collected from 46 library professionals through a structured questionnaire.
Findings: The findings showed that the economic cost of implementation, maintenance, and the software providing multilingual support were the major reasons for adoption of software for the purpose of automation. In this study compliance with the internet, non-cooperation in library automation by university/institution, availability of training facilities, insufficient library budget, a lack of financial/economic resources, staff transfer, and a lack of consultancy and technical service were identified as major issues, when using library automation software. However, the respondents were quite satisfied with the performance of software attributes including circulation modules, easy to use cataloguing modules, reports’ modules, software attributes of administration modules, and multi-lingual facility.
Research/implications: This study persuades LIS professionals to automate their libraries through the adoption of library software.
The purpose of this study was to get an understanding of how academic librarians perceive open-source and proprietary library software. The researchers used a survey research approach and a self-constructed questionnaire as data collection tool. The study targeted 103 library professionals working at HEC-recognized degree awarding institutions (DAIs) and universities in Lahore, both public and private sectors, yielding an 84% response rate. To meet research objectives, descriptive and inferential statistics were applied. Study findings explored that library software should have the facility of advanced searching, library standards, and a user-friendly interface. Comparative analysis revealed that open-source library software contains more modules and requires highly skilled employees. On the other hand, human resources with minor skills can use proprietary software. Factors that prevent adopting OSS for academic libraries include a lack of technical support, skilled and motivated library professionals, inadequate cooperation between supervisors and subordinates, and insufficient training opportunities. Experienced library professionals should guide and offer full cooperation in the selection and implementation of software. Library schools and associations should play a decisive role through school curriculum and professional development programs in preparing graduates and practitioners for embracing modern technologies. Open-source software developers should also organize training programs for software users to work independently in libraries.
All the Libraries have important data, patron’s information and records; at the time of conversion of existing dataset into software it is tried that the data should be uploaded without any loss in dataset. This task is very difficult and risky for the library professionals at the first time and this paper describes the process of step-by-step data migration for a library professional without any expenditure with less efforts. This paper is based on the practical approach of data migration, implementation of Koha and Automation of the Library of National Institute of Financial Management, Faridabad and presents functioning of MarcEdit and Koha LMS.
Drawing praxis from Bowen University, Nigeria and other libraries worldwide, the chapter unveils the limitless capabilities of Koha ILS to successfully manage core library house-keeping functions—cataloging, acquisitions, circulation control, patrons' management, OPAC, serials, and report generation—in one seamless whole. Web-based features like its flexibility, adaptability, interoperability, MARC, Z39.50, patrons' ability for online logging in, registration, renewal, and many more were revealed. Also, reasons for its global adoptability, benefits, likely challenges, and solutions from practitioners were also highlighted. The chapter concludes that despite the puny but eventually surmounted challenges, Koha holds unlimited potential for libraries of any shape/size by just garnering from the experiences of subsisting users of the software globally.
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the key features of information management systems (IMSs) for automation in university libraries. This study also highlights the use of library information management systems in university libraries and the satisfaction of university librarians in using various IMS.
Design/methodology/approach
This study is quantitative in nature. A survey research method has been applied to achieve the research objectives. Purposive sampling has been used to select the targeted population which consisted of 157 librarians working in university libraries. Data were collected through a web-based questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to analyze the collected data by using SPSS software.
Findings
Free and open source software are widely used in university libraries to manage the bibliographic information of library material. KOHA is the most used software for library automation in university libraries of Pakistan. The key features of library information management system (IMS) include reliability and security of the software, user-friendly interface, advance searching options, use of library standards (MARC, Uni MARC, RDA), online upgradation, technical support of developing company, shared cataloging, multilingual features of software, etc (See Figure 4). The study recommends that the above-mentioned features must be considered by university librarians when selecting any software for library automation. Results showed that apart from the use of KOHA software, there are also some other software which are being used for library automation in university libraries of Pakistan. These systems include; Virtua, Library Management System (LMS), and Library Information Management Systems (LIMSs).
Practical implications
This study has practical implications for university librarians in Pakistan as well as in other countries. Librarians can use the results of this study as a blueprint before selecting any information management system to automate the library record.
Originality/value
This study identifies the core features of IMS for automation in libraries. These features have been recommended by informational professionals who have been working in automated libraries and possess adequate professional experience in using library automation software.
Drawing praxis from Bowen University, Nigeria and other libraries worldwide, the chapter unveils the limitless capabilities of Koha ILS to successfully manage core library house-keeping functions—cataloging, acquisitions, circulation control, patrons' management, OPAC, serials, and report generation—in one seamless whole. Web-based features like its flexibility, adaptability, interoperability, MARC, Z39.50, patrons' ability for online logging in, registration, renewal, and many more were revealed. Also, reasons for its global adoptability, benefits, likely challenges, and solutions from practitioners were also highlighted. The chapter concludes that despite the puny but eventually surmounted challenges, Koha holds unlimited potential for libraries of any shape/size by just garnering from the experiences of subsisting users of the software globally.
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the use of Koha integrated library system by higher education institutions in Malawi.
Design/methodology/approach
The study made use of the diffusion of innovation theory as an anchoring model. Data were collected using a survey questionnaire that was administered to library managers of higher education institutions registered with the National Council for Higher Education in Malawi. The data collected were analyzed using SPPS version 21 to generate descriptive statistics.
Findings
The findings revealed that 84.2 per cent of libraries in higher education institutions in Malawi are automated, and 81.3 per cent of them are using Koha ILS and the rest were using proprietary and other open source software. Cost and technical aspects have been discovered to be the primary factors that have assisted in the rapid diffusion of Koha. The study also exposed some factors that negatively impacted the use of Koha in the adopting institutions. The main ones included lack of information and communication technology infrastructure, unreliable Internet connectivity and limited finances.
Originality/value
Previously, some small-scale case studies have been performed to examine implementation of Koha in some higher education institutions in Malawi. However, this is the first large-scale attempt to investigate use of Koha among higher education institutions in the country. Findings that have shown that Koha can be installed easily and used at minimal cost could assist in its rapid adoption in the higher education institutions, a majority of whom face a myriad of financial challenges.
Los Sistemas Integrales de Gestión para Bibliotecas (SIGB), constituyen una herramienta fundamental en el dominio de la educación superior para la óptima gerencia del patrimonio bibliográfico. En este trabajo, se busca determinar cuál de los 2 (dos) SIGB candidatos es el más adecuado para heredar las funciones de gestión de las Bibliotecas Académicas de la UNPA. Los SIGB a comparar son los sistemas Koha (reconocido como el primer software de gestión de bibliotecas libre), y PMB (también un software libre que está cobrando gran reconocimiento en numerosos países europeos). Este estudio comparativo se origina básicamente por dos motivos: (i) el cambio en la reglamentación vigente producido en 2011 y, como consecuencia, la necesidad de que el sistema utilizado por las Bibliotecas de la UNPA cumpla con esta reglamentación, y (ii) la necesidad de aumentar la compatibilidad del sistema instalado para que pueda ser accedido y utilizado en su totalidad desde dispositivos portátiles, tales como celulares y tablets. A tal efecto, el presente trabajo propone un Framework Comparativo para analizar los SIGB candidatos aplicando un conjunto de Criterios de Evaluación, tanto a nivel de sistema, como así también, a nivel de módulo. Los resultados de esta investigación tienen como objetivo asistir y proveer sustento a la selección del SIGB que sea más adecuado a las necesidades de la UNPA.
Resumen: Los Sistemas Integrales de Gestión para Bibliotecas (SIGB), constituyen una herramienta fundamental en el dominio de la educación superior para la óptima gerencia del patrimonio bibliográfico. En este trabajo, se busca determinar cuál de los 2 (dos) SIGB candidatos es el más adecuado para heredar las funciones de gestión de las Bibliotecas Académicas de la UNPA. Los SIGB a comparar son los sistemas Koha (reconocido como el primer software de gestión de bibliotecas libre), y PMB (también un software libre que está cobrando gran reconocimiento en numerosos países europeos). Este estudio comparativo se origina básicamente por dos motivos: (i) el cambio en la reglamentación vigente producido en 2011 y, como consecuencia, la necesidad de que el sistema utilizado por las Bibliotecas de la UNPA cumpla con esta reglamentación, y (ii) la necesidad de aumentar la compatibilidad del sistema instalado para que pueda ser accedido y utilizado en su totalidad desde dispositivos portátiles, tales como celulares y tablets. A tal efecto, el presente trabajo propone un Framework Comparativo para analizar los SIGB candidatos aplicando un conjunto de Criterios de Evaluación, tanto a nivel de sistema, como así también, a nivel de módulo. Los resultados de esta investigación tienen como objetivo asistir y proveer sustento a la selección del SIGB que sea más adecuado a las necesidades de la UNPA. Palabras Clave: Software libre; Sistemas Integrales de Gestión para Bibliotecas (SIGB); PMB; Koha; OpenBiblio. Esta obra está bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivar 4.0 Internacional.
This study explored the status of library software being used in the libraries of higher education institutions (HEIs) of Pakistan. A quantitative survey method was used. The population of this study was central/main libraries of all HEIs of Pakistan recognized by the Higher Education Commission (HEC). A questionnaire was designed after review of literature to collect data. The questionnaire was sent to all head librarians. The findings reveal that majority of the libraries had started automation. The libraries of public and private sector institutions were not significantly different in automating their routines. The libraries were using a variety of software and Library Information Management System (LIMS), a free software was at the top in terms of number of users. Other popular software were WINISIS, Inmagic, Koha and VIRTUA. There were also examples of adoption of open source software. Majority of the libraries were doing automation in the absence of proper budget for software and allied activities. Similarly, libraries did not have up-gradation and training agreement with the software providers. The participant libraries reported the presence of cataloging, circulation, reports and OPAC modules in their software but most of the libraries did not mention the availability of modules like acquisition, serial and webopac. Software used by the libraries did not have national language support in most of the cases and ability to support regional languages was also negligible.
Purpose
– The purpose of this study is to assess the current state of research on open source software (OSS) in the library context.
Design/methodology/approach
– This study employs a descriptive literature review. It categorizes library OSS research according to a classification scheme developed for the study, and analyzes the research based on year published, publication outlet, type of software discussed, type of article, type of library, and article topic.
Findings
– The authors found significant research attention devoted to open source repository applications, online public access catalog (OPAC) software, and integrated library systems (ILS). The majority of article types employed were case studies and discussion pieces. When articles were focused on a specific library, it was dominantly an academic library. Article topics centered around OSS adoption, development, provision of foundational or introductory information, and OSS performance.
Originality/value
– The authors are not aware of any other study that surveys and synthesizes the literature on OSS in the library context. Not only does this study provide a reference source and classification scheme for those conducting future research in this area to utilize, but it also identifies areas in this field that have received the most research attention, as well as areas that could benefit from future studies. This study will prove helpful to scholars looking for directions to take their research.
Purpose
– As libraries face budget cuts, open source integrated library systems are an attractive alternative to proprietary choices. Even though open source software is free to acquire, administrators must consider factors other than initial purchase price. This study aims to provide direction and context for libraries considering migration to an open source integrated library system.
Design/methodology/approach
– The comparison is qualitative and uses case studies, license agreements and copyright law, and user manuals and brochures. These comparisons divide into four areas: functions, adoption and technical support, usability, and economics.
Findings
– Major functions that libraries need in an integrated library system are available for open source software. There are no significant differences in usability between open source and proprietary integrated library systems. Internal IT provides a significant role in open source adoption. The relatively new type of open source software licensing may cause confusion for libraries and software developers.
Originality/value
– This study considers initial migrations to open source integrated library systems as a key component in overall software adoption. The study qualitatively examines the migration process comparing extant case studies. In addition, the examination of licensing agreements and copyright as well as a comparative review of essential functions are provided.
Describes the current status of the use of computers in Pakistani libraries. Discusses the problems faced by librarians and information specialists in automating their libraries. Reviews internationally accepted database management systems mostly used in library housekeeping routines in Pakistan. Also introduces locally developed library packages. Gives a brief account of training facilities in library software offered by library schools and professional associations in the country, particularly the Pakistan Library Association.
This paper presents an overview of the strategy, volunteer initiatives, achievements and innovative approach of Pakistan Library Automation Group (PakLAG) adopted to promote the use of ICTs Pakistani libraries through development and distribution of free and open source solutions according to the needs of the local libraries and their users.
Describes the current status of the use of computers in Pakistani libraries. Discusses the problems faced by librarians and information specialists in automating their libraries. Reviews internationally accepted database management systems mostly used in library housekeeping routines in Pakistan. Also introduces locally developed library packages. Gives a brief account of training facilities in library software offered by library schools and professional associations in the country, particularly the Pakistan Library Association.
The use of computers in libraries in Pakistan is expected to increase as the government realizes the possibilities of new information technology. Outlines the basic elements of the computerization of library operations and discusses the problems of using and developing library software in Pakistan. Libraries have automated individually without exchanging experience; most libraries cannot afford library automation, and librarians are not trained in library automation. Although foreign software is not suitable for Pakistan's libraries, some foreign software is being used, including: dBase III+ and IV; Foxpro; INMAGIC; Mini-micro CDS/ISIS; MINISIS; and Sci-Mate. Attempts have been made to develop library applications software in Pakistan. The most successful has been the Library Automation and Management Program (LAMP), developed by the Netherlands Library Development Project-Pakistan using CDS/ISIS. Recommends that a National Centre for Library Software Development be established and a MARC format for Pakistan should be developed. Library software should be developed to deal with materials in local languages.
The paper presents the results of a survey on the usefulness of the services offered by Pakistan Library Automation Group (PakLAG). A questionnaire was distributed to participants (n=207), who included LIS practitioners, faculty, and students. Most respondents found PakLAG services very useful for their work. They praised the PakLAG's efforts to help the library community in using ICTs and gave many suggestions to improve services.
The paper describes the features of an integrated library software developed in Pakistan under a project funded by the Netherlands. The software, called LAMP, has been developed to cater to library automation needs of developing countries and is based on CDS/ISIS. This paper gives some suggestions to develop a marketing plan for LAMP. It analyses the market situation, divides market into segments, presents SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats), and suggests a market mix (product, price, place and promotion) for marketing of the software in Pakistan as well as in other developing countries.
This paper is a case study of the Pakistan Library Automation Group, formed in October 2000 by volunteers in library and information science and computer science in Pakistan. The group's mission was to promote the use of ICT in Pakistani libraries with virtually no financial support. The achievements of the group during 6 years include: PakLAG Website; Automation of libraries with Library Information Management System (LIMS); Multilingual Web OPAC; Searching interface of National Digital Library; Online directory of LIS professionals; Publications program; Pak-LIS News; E-mail discussion group; Online posting of job advertisements; Virtual library; Training in ICTs for library professionals; and free consultancy service in library automation. The group's future plans are also presented. The study concludes that, if some committed professionals present themselves for voluntary endeavors and plan to develop their nation without any material resources, they can play a significant role in the promotion of ICT in the libraries of a developing country.
Report on a survey of alumni of the Pakistan Library Association’s Computer Training Center in Lahore to determine the impact of the Certificate in Library Automation (CLA) on librarianship in Pakistan. The survey provided information on: the profile of the respondents; their participation in computer training before and after taking the CLA; the impact of their training on their success in job seeking; their access to and use of computers; their participation in library automation projects and other auto-mation related activities; and suggestions regarding further courses and the improvement of the Training Centre. The results showed that the courses were attended mainly by comparatively young professional librarians, most of whom were working in Lahore. Their computer training contributed a lot to their success in getting new jobs. Most of them had access to computer facilities in their offices and use them daily, and have participated significantly in automation activities in their libraries. Many also applied their computing knowledge in writing books, articles, delivering lectures and providing consultancy services. Many suggestions were made for improving the courses.
Describes the activities of the Netherlands Library Development Project (NLDP) for the promotion of information technology in Pakistan. During a period of five years, NLDP made great efforts in the fields of manpower training, hardware supply, software development, information networks, and curriculum development in Pakistan. It set up computer training centres for training librarians, introduced electronic mail and CD-ROM technology in Pakistani libraries, information centres and library schools, sponsored courses on library automation in Pakistan and sent librarians abroad for training. The project encouraged a group of librarians to work on information technology projects in the country, and suggested a framework for information networking in Pakistan.
Computer technology in libraries has revolutionised the concept of rapid and accurate information services. In Pakistan, though, computer technology is new and is being successfully introduced in all types of libraries and information centres. This article reviews the literature on the use of computers in Pakistan’s libraries. The literature includes monographs, journal articles, reports, etc. published inside and outside Pakistan, discussing information technology, specific library applications, the activities of individual libraries and automation education. The need for library automation and the problems faced by Pakistani professionals in this respect are also discussed.
Library automation, in rudimentary form, began in the late 1960s and since 1990 has been the main focus of Pakistani librarianship. The generous financial assistance provided by the Netherlands Library Development Project (Pakistan) further accelerated the pace in this regard. However, the libraries in Pakistan have not registered any significant progress. Automated systems are lacking in large university libraries, as well as in college and public libraries. The largest group using this technology is specialist libraries. These libraries use automation primarily for a few selected operations. Some private sector universities have taken steps towards the planning and implementation of integrated library systems, but these are still in the trial stages. The National Library in Pakistan has also just made similar steps. The UNESCO sponsored CDS/ISIS is the most commonly used software; other popular packages used include ORACLE and INMAGIC. Some indigenous systems have also been developed, but without much success. IBM 386 and IBM 486 compatibles are used by the vast majority of libraries. Computer application education is yet to be introduced to schools by the country's library. The major constraints on library automation include: absence of planning, non-availability of software, import restriction on choice of hardware, lack of competent manpower, non existence of standard, absence of co-operation etc.
Library automation, in rudimentary form, began in the late 1960s and since 1990 has been the main focus of Pakistani librarianship. The generous financial assistance provided by the Netherlands Library Development Project (Pakistan) further accelerated the pace in this regard. However, the libraries in Pakistan have not registered any significant progress. Automated systems are lacking in large university libraries, as well as in college and public libraries. The largest group using this technology is specialist libraries. These libraries use automation primarily for a few selected operations. Some private sector universities have taken steps towards the planning and implementation of integrated library systems, but these are still in the trial stages. The National Library in Pakistan has also just made similar steps. The UNESCO sponsored CDS/ISIS is the most commonly used software; other popular packages used include ORACLE and INMAGIC. Some indigenous systems have also been developed, but without much success. IBM 386 and IBM 486 compatibles are used by the vast majority of libraries. Computer application education is yet to be introduced to schools by the country's library. The major constraints on library automation include: absence of planning, non-availability of software, import restriction on choice of hardware, lack of competent manpower, non-existence of standard, absence of co-operation etc.
This paper presents an overview of the strategy, volunteer initiatives, achievements and innovative approach of Pakistan Library Automation Group (PakLAG) adopted to promote the use of ICTs in Pakistani libraries through the development and distribution of free and open source solutions according to the needs of the local libraries and their users.
This paper is in answer to the call for new, innovative perspectives and methodologies for organizational research. Although the approach here falls within the subjective/idiographic/qualitative/insider set of methodologies rather than the objective/nomothetic/quantitative/outsider set, there is the potential to bridge the gap between the two sets. Coming largely from anthropology, the emic perspective is explained; the specific steps for ethnoscience analyses are summarized; and examples and implications are given.
This article attempts to discuss the concept of library automation, status of library automation in Bangladesh, Dhaka University Library and their Automation Project. The paper also presents the model of Dhaka University Library Automation Project (DULAP). Further, it discusses the online access and internet browsing system and how to use GoPAC. The study also has discussed the features and objectives of DULAP, requisite hardware and software, functions and activities of the program, facilities offered to users and tasks still to be accomplished.
Outlines the historical background to the use of computers for library automation in Sri Lanka with special emphasis on the use of CDS/ISIS. Describes the implementation of a prototype low-cost web-based library automation system as a solution to the information management problems in Sri Lankan libraries.
"In this graduate level text, Michael Myers brings a wealth of insight to the research process. Combining abstract and theoretical considerations with those of a practical nature, such as tips for interviewing or for the final stage of writing up, Myers establishes an expansive resource for those involved in qualitative research that will aid them from start to finish. In this book the reader will be provided with the resources to: Understand the underlying philosophies of qualitative research in business and management Be aware of a variety of qualitative research methods Gain insight into examples of the previous use of qualitative methods in business and managementAnalyze and critically evaluate research, including discussion of using qualitative data analysis softwareCarry out their own research in business and managementWrite up their research for publicationThis book will be an indispensable resource both to those just embarking on their research as well as existing researchers in business and management."--Publisher's website.
Many African countries are trying hard to catch up with the fast changes in information and communications. Some recent surveys and case studies reported in this paper show some encouraging efforts, which can be considered as the stepping stones; they also point out some problems that need to be sorted out in order to facilitate improvements. Reports on the developments of national and international electronic communication networks based on “store-and-forward” technology, as well as connectivity to the Internet, indicate fast changes in electronic communication in Africa. Recent measures taken by international organizations and donor agencies to change the face of Africa's information and communication scenario are quite encouraging.
This paper discusses the present scenario of automation activities of university libraries in Kerala. The survey findings mainly cover various aspects of library automation such as information technology infrastructure, in-house activities, information services and their usage, manpower development, and budget. The paper briefly describes the role of INFLIBNET Centre in accelerating the automation activities of university libraries, especially in the context of the recently introduced UGC-Infonet programme. The problems encountered in this process are identified and possible suggestions are stated.
Library automation, in rudimentary form, began in the late 1960s and since 1990 has been the main focus of Pakistani librarianship. The generous financial assistance provided by the Netherlands Library Development Project (Pakistan) further accelerated the pace in this regard. However, the libraries in Pakistan have not registered any significant progress. Automated systems are lacking in large university libraries, as well as in college and public libraries. The largest group using this technology is specialist libraries. These libraries use automation primarily for a few selected operations. Some private sector universities have taken steps towards the planning and implementation of integrated library systems, but these are still in the trial stages. The National Library in Pakistan has also just made similar steps. The UNESCO sponsored CDS/ISIS is the most commonly used software; other popular packages used include ORACLE and INMAGIC. Some indigenous systems have also been developed, but without much success. IBM 386 and IBM 486 compatibles are used by the vast majority of libraries. Computer application education is yet to be introduced to schools by the country's library. The major constraints on library automation include: absence of planning, non-availability of software, import restriction on choice of hardware, lack of competent manpower, non existence of standard, absence of co-operation etc.
Pakistan’s parliamentary libraries reflect the challenges that the democratic institutions they serve have faced since independence in 1947. This article provides a historical context to the development of the bicameral parliament in Pakistan and four provincial assemblies. It describes the founding and development of parliamentary library and research services in that context and presents some of the newest innovations and reforms that the institutions have initiated in recent years. published or submitted for publication
The major activites of the different categories of Indian libraries are mainly routine work, such as acquisition, circulation, management, processing, reference and bibliographic service, periodical holdings, information retrieval, inventory, and so on. The services and techniques utilized in the different libraries, however, tend to make these activities very cumbersome and slow. The acquisitions of most libraries are done independently, and involve unnecessary duplication of work and lengthy procedures. Cataloging and classification methods differ from one library to another and are generally time-consuming and labor-oriented. This is very confusing for the users as they must thus switch from one classification and cataloging system to another when using more than one library. There is also a lack of bibliographic control at the national level. The Indian National Bibliography suffers from a large time lag. Almost all library activities involve long hours of manual work, tending to make library service very unpopular. Therefore, users still cannot envisage a librarian as a giver of information but consider him or her a custodian of books. In order to improve the services of libraries, application of newer methods, such as information, computer and communication technologies, will be needed. I am only concerned here with computer applications in libraries and believe that for efficient functioning of our library systems, we will need automated services at some point. But serious thought must first be given to which areas will be automated, while keeping in mind the national need. published or submitted for publication
Pakistan came into being on August 14, 1947 as a result of the partition of British India. On its east and southeast lies India, on the north and northwest is Afghanistan, to the west is Iran, and toward the south is the Arabian Sea. Pakistan shares a common border with China. According to the 1998 Census, its population included 135 million citizens and estimates suggest that number increased to 145 million by 2003. Two-thirds of the population live in rural areas, and engage in agriculture as the main source of livelihood. The majority of the population is composed of Muslims; the remaining are Hindus, Christians, and Parsees. About twenty languages are spoken in Pakistan. Urdu is the national language of the country, but English continues to be used for education, commercial, and other official purposes. Pakistan’s literacy rate was 47 percent in 1998. Politically, Pakistan is a federation of four provinces (Punjab, Sindh, Northwest Frontier Province, and Balochistan). Administratively, the provinces are comprised of districts, which are divided into small subdivisions (Tehsils). These are further divided into union councils.
The history of compilation of bibliography and index in Pakistan dates back to 1949. The first individual attempt was made by an eminent bibliographer Mr. A. R. Ghani. He compiled a comprehensive bibliography entitled “Pakistan: a select bibliography” published by the Association for the Advancement of Science in 1952. The bibliography contained 900 references to books, reports, government publications and periodical articles published in English on Pakistan. The Pakistan Bibliographical Working Group (PBWG) emerged in May 1950 on the recommendation of the International Conference on the Improvement of Bibliographical Sources, convened by the UNESCO in 1950 held at Paris. Mr. Fazal Elahi represented Pakistan in this conference. In fact the Group has the distinction of being the first professional organization to be formed at the national level, with the support of the UNESCO and on the enforcement of the government of Pakistan. The Group has a number of important bibliographies and indexes to its credit by library stalwarts like Prof. Dr. Abdul Moid, Fazal Elahi, S. V. Hussain and Akhtar H. Siddiqui. The Group published “A Guide to Works of Reference Published in Pakistan” and “A Guide to Periodicals and Newspapers of Pakistan”, both were published in 1953 with the assistance of UNESCO. Another important source published by the Group was “Union Catalogue of Periodicals in Social Sciences: held by the libraries in Pakistan” compiled by Fazal Elahi and Akhtar H. Siddiqui. The most significant contribution of the Group in the development and promotion of bibliographical activities in the country is the compilation of “Retrospective National Bibliography of Pakistan” covering the period from 1947 to 1961. In recent years the Group has published an index of an important professional journal entitled “Cumulative Index of Pakistan Library Review (PLR): 1958-1969” compiled by R. A. Samdani.
History of the organization of work”, Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Encyclopaedia Britannica
References Encyclopaedia Britannica (2008), " History of the organization of work ", Encyclopaedia Britannica.
Status of library profession in Pakistan since
- M K Marwat
Marwat, M.K. (1996), " Status of library profession in Pakistan since 1947 ", Proceedings of the 62nd IFLA General Conference, 25-31 August.
Library automation and networking in India: problems and prospects
- S Vyas
Vyas, S. (1997), " Library automation and networking in India: problems and prospects ", World Libraries, Vol. 8, pp. 27-35. Further reading Chowdhury, G. (1998), " The changing face of Africa's information and communication scenario ", International Information and Library Review, Vol. 30, pp. 1-21.
Effectiveness of NLDP's activities towards the development of library profession in Pakistan
- M Hussain
Hussain, M. (1994), " Effectiveness of NLDP's activities towards the development of library profession in Pakistan ", Department of Library and Information Science, University of Balochistan, Quetta.
40 years of technology in libraries: a brief history of the IFLA section on Information Technology
- S Mccallum
Research Method in Information Management: Source Book
- D S Roberts
Private universities in Pakistan
- R Sedgwick