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Comments on ‘The valid generic names for the fish species usually placed in Cyclocheilichthys ’ (KOTTELAT 2013) and a correction of Pasco-viel et al. (2012)
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As authors of the study demonstrating the non-monophyly of the genus previously called Cyclocheilichthys (Pasco-Viel et al . 2012), which included nine species, we acknowledge Kottelat’s (2013: this issue) conclusions with regard to the generic names for the species we investigated: cu� o������g pincer-shaped suckers, is described for the first time using scanning electron microscopy. In scolex morphology, M. ficta closely resembles phyllobothriidean cestodes, parasites of elasmobranchs. However, this similarity does not reflect phylogenetic relatedness of these cestodes but instead presents an example of convergent morphological evolution of attachment organs of unrelated groups of cestodes that parasitize different groups of vertebrates. Besides scolex morphology, the genus is characterised by the possession of a very large cirrus-sac, which may reach up to the midline of proglottides, few testes (less than 60), vitelline follicles limited to the dorsal side of proglottides, a large vaginal sphincter, and eggs with a three-layered embryophore covered with rounded projections. Numerous errors in the diagnosis of M. ficta , which appeared in the literature as a result of uncritical compilation of data without examination of original material, are corrected. Multilocus phylogenetic analysis of nuclear ribosomal RNA genes ssr - and lsrDNA and mitochondrial genes rrnL and cox1 place this species among other snake-parasitizing proteocephalideans of the genus Ophiotaenia . The convergent evolution of scolex morphology across distantly related taxa is discussed.
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... However, Kottelat (2013) reported that C. armatus, C. apogon, and C. repasson as valid species of Cyclocheilichthys and considered Anematichthys synonym name, and changed Cyclocheilichthys enoplos to the new genus (Cyclocheilos enoplos). Consequently, Pasco-Viel et al. (2013) corrected the previous report and agreed with Kottelat's opinion. In this study, C. enoplos separated from the Cyclocheilichthys group's with high sequence divergences (difference at the genera level). ...
Cyclocheilichthys apogon (Beardless Barb fish) and Cyclocheilichthys armatus (Hihgfin Barb fish) in West Sumatra is known by the local name Turiak and Catua fish, respectively, are economically important species. Reducing populations and limited biological information about these fishes make their genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships crucial. The genetic variation was investigated by analyzing the sequencing of a part of mitochondrial DNA Cytochrome b (Cyt b) and Cytochrome oxidase-I (COI) genes of 23 individuals collected from West Sumatra populations. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the monophyletic lineage of the Cyclocheilichthys group and supported Anematichthys as the synonym of Cyclocheilichthys. C. armatus was closely related to C. janthochir and separated from C. apogon with sequences divergence were 12.7-14.0% (Cyt b) and 9.4%-10.0% (COI). C. apogon and C. armatus have low haplotype diversity and genetic diversity, respectively. Genetic diversity within and among populations with sequences divergence was 0.0-0.8% (Cyt b) and 0.0%-0.7% (COI), respectively. The low-level diversity may signify a possibility of gene flow within and among populations. The current data suggests all populations as a single stock unit. Present genetic information is important to establishing effective population management, conservation, and breeding strategies for Turiak and Catua fish.
There are 3108 valid and named native fish species in the inland waters of
Southeast Asia between the Irrawaddy and Red River drainages, the small coastal drainages
between the Red River and Hainan, the whole Indochinese Peninsula, Andaman and Nicobar
Islands, Indonesia (excluding Papua Province, Waigeo, Aru [but Kai is included]), and the
Philippines. They belong to 137 families. Their taxonomy and nomenclature are reviewed. The
original descriptions of all 7047 recorded species-group names and 1980 genus-group names
have been checked in the original works for correct spelling, types, type locality and bibliographic references. The bibliography includes about 4700 titles. Synonymies are given, based on published information as well as unpublished observations.
The names of 49 introduced species and 347 extralimital taxa cited in the discussions have
also been checked. The original descriptions of all species not present in the covered area but
cited as type species of genera have been checked for availability, authorship, date and correct
spelling. The availability of some family-group names has been checked when there was suspicion of possible nomenclatural problems.
Bibliographic notes include new informations on the dates of publication of works by, among
others, Bleeker, Bloch, Heckel and Steindachner and discussion of authorship of names in various works.
The taxonomy within the order Cypriniformes is subject to frequent changes, thanks to the results coming from recent molecular phylogenies that help understand the Cypriniformes tree of life previously established through morphological characters. In this paper, we focus on species belonging to the Cyprininae – the largest sub-family among Cypriniformes – and we present both morphological and phylogenetic arguments to revise the taxonomy of the genus Cyclocheilichthys. For morphological investigations, we characterized external traits as well as the postcranial skeleton and the neurocranium. For molecular phylogenies, we used four markers, both mitochondrial and nuclear, to establish a phylogenetic tree. We studied four species currently assigned to the genus Cyclocheilichthys as well as the species Cosmochilus harmandi and Puntioplites falcifer and we show that the genus Cyclocheilichthys is non-monophyletic as Cyclocheilichthys enoplos is closer to C. harmandi and P. falcifer than Cyclocheilichthys armatus, Cyclocheilichthys apogon and Cyclocheilichthys repasson. Finally, we revise the genus Cyclocheilichthys and we propose to split this genus into two genera: genus Cyclocheilichthys with the species Cyclocheilichthys enoplos and genus Anematichthys with species Anematichthys armatus, Anematichthys apogon and Anematichthys repasson.
Cyclocheilichthys is the valid name for the genus that includes Barbus apogon Valenciennes. Cyclocheilichthys has precedence over Anematichthys, which is a simultaneous objective synonym. If C. enoplos is considered not to be congeneric with C. apogon, the valid name for a genus that includes it is Cyclocheilos.
The barbin genera Discherodontus Rainboth 1989, Chagunius Smith 1938 and Hypselobarbus Bleeker 1860 are distrib-uted in Southeast and South Asia and are among the least studied taxa of the order Cypriniformes. Few morphological studies have been conducted on these genera and only a very limited number of morphological characters were employed to hypothesize or infer their monophyly, inter-relationships, and relationships with other barbins. The main aim of this study is to examine the monophyly of these three genera and propose hypothesis of relationship among these taxa and other barbins based on a molecular phylogeny of the subfamily Cyprininae. A total of 106 cypriniform species were sam-pled, including 64 species and 31 genera of barbins collected from Eurasia and Africa. Partitioned maximum likelihood analysis was performed using DNA sequences derived from five mitochondrial genes (5601 bp): cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), cytochrome b (Cyt b), 16S ribosomal RNA (16S), NADH dehydrogenase subunits 4 (ND4) and subunits 5 (ND5). The resulting phylogeny demonstrates that, under current taxon sampling, Discherodontus, Chagunius, and Hypselobarbus are all monophyletic genera. Together they do not form a monophyletic group, as hypothesized in previous studies, but are instead part of three distinct and unrelated clades. Discherodontus constitutes the basal lineage of a clade formed by Southeast Asian barbins (e.g. Poropuntius, Hypsibarbus, Balantiocheilos); Chagunius is basal to a clade formed mainly by Puntius and allies (although this relationship was only weakly supported); Hypselobarbus and Barbus carnaticus formed a clade sister to a clade including Tor, Neolissochilus, Labeobarbus, and Varicorhinus. Homoplasy and shared plesiomorphy of some hypothesized important morphological characters employed in previous studies that led re-searchers to hypothesize earlier relationships are discussed.