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linguistic taboo in the igbo society: A sociolinguistic investigation
... She described seven different varieties of taboos in English: bodily excretions, death and disease, sex, four-letter words, swear words, privacy, and discriminatory language. Similar studies also exist in Igbo society in Nigeria [13], Algerian Society [15], Yemani Culture [30], Karonese Culture in Indonesia [4], Russian [16] and Finnish [17]. ...
... There are routinely used racial slurs to discriminate people based on their origins. Slurs such as bihari, indian and madhishe are used for people from Terai (Southern plain) region and the slurs bhote 13 and pahade are used for people from Pahad (Northern Himalayan and hilly) region. In fact, we encountered hundreds of comments containing these abusive terms in our corpus. ...
... In the sentence "bahun jati sabai tapare nai bhaye", the composite term tapare bahun is formed using bahun and tapare appearing at different locations. 13 Bhote, also known as Bhotiya are group of people related with Tibetan ethnically or linguistically In general, the degree of offensiveness increases with the increase in offensive terms count. For instance, the expression muji bhatuwa is more offensive than the individual offensive terms muji and bhatuwa. ...
Languages across the world have words, phrases, and behaviors - the taboos - that are avoided in public communication considering them as obscene or disturbing to the social, religious, and ethical values of society. However, people deliberately use these linguistic taboos and other language constructs to make hurtful, derogatory, and obscene comments. It is nearly impossible to construct a universal set of offensive or taboo terms because offensiveness is determined entirely by different factors such as socio–physical setting, speaker-listener relationship, and word choices. In this paper, we present a detailed corpus-based study of offensive language in Nepali. We identify and describe more than 18 different categories of linguistic offenses including politics, religion, race, and sex. We discuss 12 common euphemisms such as synonym, metaphor and circumlocution. In addition, we introduce a manually constructed data set of over 1000 offensive and taboo terms popular among contemporary speakers. We describe the first experiments that provide baseline results in detecting offensive language in Nepali. This in-depth study of offensive language and resource will provide a foundation for several downstream tasks such as offensive language detection and language learning.
... This his study entitled Taboo Language in "Neighbors 2" Movie are to find out the types of taboo words used in Neighbors 2 movie, to explain the factor influence the used of taboo words in Neighbors 2 movie.The data of this study were analyzed using the theory proposed by Fakuade (2013) as the main theory to identify linguistic taboo and the supporting theory proposed by Jay (1992) to analyze the type of taboo words. Based on Fakuade's theory there are 5 types of lingistic taboo; they are morality-related linguistic taboo, decorumrelated linguistic taboo, according to Jay, there are 10 types of taboo words; crusing, profanity, blasphemy, taboo, vulgarity, obscenity, epithet, slang, insult and slurs, and scatology.This study to see the types and factors influence in the movies. ...
... A descriptive qualitative method was used toanalyze thelinguistic taboo and types of taboo words. After all the data collected, the data were classified based on the types according to Jay (1992) and the linguistic taboo according to Fakuade (2013). ...
This his study entitled Taboo Language in “Neighbors 2” Movie are to find out the types of taboo words used in Neighbors 2 movie, to explain the factor influence the used of taboo words in Neighbors 2 movie.The data of this study were analyzed using the theory proposed by Fakuade (2013) as the main theory to identify linguistic taboo and the supporting theory proposed by Jay (1992) to analyze the type of taboo words. Based on Fakuade’s theory there are 5 types of lingistic taboo; they are morality-related linguistic taboo, decorum-related linguistic taboo, veneration-related linguistic taboo. morality-related linguistic taboo, decorum-related linguistic taboo, veneration-related linguistic taboo. However, according to Jay, there are 10 types of taboo words; crusing, profanity, blasphemy, taboo, vulgarity, obscenity, epithet, slang, insult and slurs, and scatology.This study to see the types and factors influence in the movies. In the Neighbors 2 movie has 10 types of taboo words. Therefore, the factorcs influence the used of taboo word found 5 factors. There were 5 factors of taboo words which had been identified, they are: emotion, insulting, crused, dirtyjoke, and shock feeling.
Languages across the world have words, phrases, and behaviors -- the taboos -- that are avoided in public communication considering them as obscene or disturbing to the social, religious, and ethical values of society. However, people deliberately use these linguistic taboos and other language constructs to make hurtful, derogatory, and obscene comments. It is nearly impossible to construct a universal set of offensive or taboo terms because offensiveness is determined entirely by different factors such as socio-physical setting, speaker-listener relationship, and word choices. In this paper, we present a detailed corpus-based study of offensive language in Nepali. We identify and describe more than 18 different categories of linguistic offenses including politics, religion, race, and sex. We discuss 12 common euphemisms such as synonym, metaphor and circumlocution. In addition, we introduce a manually constructed data set of over 1000 offensive and taboo terms popular among contemporary speakers. This in-depth study of offensive language and resource will provide a foundation for several downstream tasks such as offensive language detection and language learning.
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