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Eight New Genera of Unilocular Foraminifera
Abstract and Figures
Although varied and diverse, unilocular foraminifera are among the least understood group of the foraminifera. Part of the problem has been the inadequate number of taxonomic divisions within this diverse group. A new taxonomic framework has been proposed to make the group more useful to taxonomists and stratigraphers. Several additional new genera are proposed herein. The new genera Hyalinonetrion (type species H. sahulense n. sp.) and Pygmaeoseistron (type species P. hispidulum) are included in the Lageninae. Five new genera also are included in the Ellipsolageninae. These include Cursina n. gen. (type species C. adornata n. sp.), Exsculptina n. gen. (type species L. sidebottomi), Favulina n. gen. (type species Entosolenia hexagona), Homalohedra n. gen. (type species Lagena guntheri), and Laculatina n. gen. (type species Lagena quadrilatera striatula). Bifarilaminella n. gen. (type species Lagena advena Cushman) is included in the Sipholageninae. Three additional new species are described: Favulina epibathra n. sp., Pytine petaloskelis n. sp., and Sipholagena structiloides n. sp.
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Benthic foraminifera, predominantly marine unicellular organisms, are abundant and diverse. Their tests with intricate and varied surface ornamentation make them unique and fascinating organisms. Among them, Unilocular calcareous benthic foraminifera have always been the least explored group due to their less frequent occurrence and small, fragile tests. Hence, a study on the unilocular foraminifera was conducted by collecting a core (4.15 m long deep-sea core of 12.7 cm diameter) sample from the deep-sea environment (3,083 m depth) of the Bay of Bengal on the Research Vessel MGS Sagar. This study describes the vertical distribution of unilocular foraminifera, assesses their community structure, provides illustrated taxonomic descriptions and reports new records from the Indian waters. Twenty-five species belonging to seven genera, two families and one suborder were recorded, of which eight species are new reports from the Indian waters. The total abundance of the Unilocular foraminifera was 219 number/gram (9% of the total foraminifera abundance) Fissurina (77), Oolina (46) Parafissurina (28) and Lagena (28) were the most abundant genera. Vertical distribution of the unilocular species showed a decreasing trend with 19 species in the 0–100 cm to three species in the 301–415 cm of the core sample. Shannon Weiner diversity index (H’) values ranged between 0 and 3.75, with the highest of 3.75 recorded at the 138–140 cm layer. Pielou’s species evenness (J’) values ranged from 0.82 to 1, and species dominance ranged from 0 to 0.5. Results of the analysis of similarity proved a significant variation in the species composition of unilocular benthic foraminifera between various depth layers of the core. Systematic descriptions of this taxa have also been included in the present study. This study is thus expected to fill the gap in knowledge of this lesser-known group of benthic foraminifera from the Indian waters.
A fully comprehensive work comprising the systematics of benthic and planktonic foraminifera is attempted for the first time from the continental shelf-slope region between Chennai and Cuddalore on the east coast of India. A total of 45 surface sediment samples and 75 subsamples from three gravity cores obtained from various depths (10–300m) were analysed to identify 286 foraminiferal species. Thus, this paper examines the taxonomic description of 262 benthic foraminifera in 117 genera and 24 planktonic foraminifera in 13 genera illustrated by SEM images.
This atlas gives a comprehensive account on the benthic foraminiferal fauna in the China Seas, especially on the Bohai and the Yellow Seas. Details of about 183 species, subjected to 5 orders, 52 families and 92 genera are included. For each species there is a brief description of the morphological characteristics, synonymised names, measurements and geographical distribution worldwide, as well as a top-level elegant plate illustrated the fossil and live specimens. It could be used as a reference book for researchers working at marine biology, marine geology, micropaleontology, paleoceanography, paleobiology and related fields.
Systematic classification and accurate identification of benthic foraminifera has been a keystone for the reconstruction of paleoceanography. However, general identification books on benthic foraminifera from the China Seas are very limited. Many Chinese geologists in old generation, for example, Yan He, Yi Chun Hao, Pin Xian Wang, etc., had made great contributions to foraminiferal research on the China Seas. With the evolution of foraminiferal taxonomy and application of molecular studies, there is a need to summarize the characteristics of foraminiferal fauna from China Seas and to report to the world. The book series “Atlas of Benthic Foraminifera from China Seas” shouldered the burden of connecting research achievements from the old generation of Chinese geologists to the modern understanding on foraminiferal taxonomy. The present book concerning on the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea fauna is the first part of this book series on the China Seas.
Systematic classification and accurate identification of benthic foraminifera has been a keystone for the reconstruction of paleoceanography. However, general identification books on benthic foraminifera from the China Seas are very limited. Many Chinese geologists in old generation, for example, Yan He, Yi Chun Hao, Pin Xian Wang, etc., had made great contributions to foraminiferal research on the China Seas. With the evolution of foraminiferal taxonomy and application of molecular studies, there is a need to summarize the characteristics of foraminiferal fauna from China Seas and to report to the world. The book series “Atlas of Benthic Foraminifera from China Seas” shouldered the burden of connecting research achievements from the old generation of Chinese geologists to the modern understanding on foraminiferal taxonomy. The present book concerning on the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea fauna is the first part of this book series on the China Seas.
Systematic classification and accurate identification of benthic foraminifera has been a keystone for the reconstruction of paleoceanography. However, general identification books on benthic foraminifera from the China Seas are very limited. Many Chinese geologists in old generation, for example, Yan He, Yi Chun Hao, Pin Xian Wang, etc., had made great contributions to foraminiferal research on the China Seas. With the evolution of foraminiferal taxonomy and application of molecular studies, there is a need to summarize the characteristics of foraminiferal fauna from China Seas and to report to the world. The book series “Atlas of Benthic Foraminifera from China Seas” shouldered the burden of connecting research achievements from the old generation of Chinese geologists to the modern understanding on foraminiferal taxonomy. The present book concerning on the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea fauna is the first part of this book series on the China Seas.
Systematic classification and accurate identification of benthic foraminifera has been a keystone for the reconstruction of paleoceanography. However, general identification books on benthic foraminifera from the China Seas are very limited. Many Chinese geologists in old generation, for example, Yan He, Yi Chun Hao, Pin Xian Wang, etc., had made great contributions to foraminiferal research on the China Seas. With the evolution of foraminiferal taxonomy and application of molecular studies, there is a need to summarize the characteristics of foraminiferal fauna from China Seas and to report to the world. The book series “Atlas of Benthic Foraminifera from China Seas” shouldered the burden of connecting research achievements from the old generation of Chinese geologists to the modern understanding on foraminiferal taxonomy. The present book concerning on the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea fauna is the first part of this book series on the China Seas.
Systematic classification and accurate identification of benthic foraminifera has been a keystone for the reconstruction of paleoceanography. However, general identification books on benthic foraminifera from the China Seas are very limited. Many Chinese geologists in old generation, for example, Yan He, Yi Chun Hao, Pin Xian Wang, etc., had made great contributions to foraminiferal research on the China Seas. With the evolution of foraminiferal taxonomy and application of molecular studies, there is a need to summarize the characteristics of foraminiferal fauna from China Seas and to report to the world. The book series “Atlas of Benthic Foraminifera from China Seas” shouldered the burden of connecting research achievements from the old generation of Chinese geologists to the modern understanding on foraminiferal taxonomy. The present book concerning on the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea fauna is the first part of this book series on the China Seas.
Unilocular foraminifera are varied and diverse, yet among the least understood gronp of the foraminifera. Part of the problem has been the inadequate number of taxonomic divisions within this varied group. We propose a new taxonomic framework to make the group more useful to taxonomists and stratigraphers alike, and to eventually lead to a better understanding of the group as a whole. Rather than subdividing the unilocular foraminifera into more than one family, we reinstate the family La- genidae Reuss, 1862, to include all unilocular forms, and recognize three subfamilies. The first subfamily, Lageninae Reuss, 1862, encompasses genera that lack an entosolenian tube, including Lagena Walker and Jacob, and the reinstated Procerolagena Puri. The sec- ond subfamily, Ellipsolageninae Silvestri, 1923, accom- modates genera with an entosolenian tube at some stage of the life cycle, including Oolina d'Orbigny, Cush-
Haul 127, Entrance to Stor-noway Harbor, 37-66 m
- Holocene
- Beach
Holocene. Beach sand, Dogs Bay, 2 mi SW of Roundstone Village, County Mayo, Ireland. (8) Holocene. F. C. Goldseeker, Haul 127, Entrance to Stor-noway Harbor, 37-66 m, 15 August 1907. (9) Holocene. F. C. Goldseeker, Haul 175, E Loch Roag, Lewis, 9-13 m, 29 August 1908. (10) Holocene. F. C. Goldseeker, Haul 70, In Cromarty Firth, 18 m, 8 March 1907. (11) Holocene.
Kilda, 57?59'N, 10?34'W Haul 102, 3.5 mi W of Cava Island, Scapa Flow, Orkney, 38 m, 15 July 1907. (13) Holocene. F. C. Goldseeker, Dogger Bank, 52 m, 54?55'N, 0?42'E Station 15 B, 282 m, 61?39'N, 4?45'W, 21
- F C F C Goldseeker Holocene
- F C Goldseeker Holocene
- Goldseeker
F. C. Goldseeker, Haul 228, W Atlantic to N of St. Kilda, 57?59'N, 10?34'W, 28 October 1910. (12) Holocene. F. C. Goldseeker, Haul 102, 3.5 mi W of Cava Island, Scapa Flow, Orkney, 38 m, 15 July 1907. (13) Holocene. F. C. Goldseeker, Dogger Bank, 52 m, 54?55'N, 0?42'E, 16 September 1913. (14) Holocene. F. C. Goldseeker, Haul 11159, Station 15 B, 282 m, 61?39'N, 4?45'W, 21 June 1909. (15) Holocene. F. C. Goldseeker, Haul 188, Kinnaird Deep, Moray Firth, 196 m, 28 June 1909. (16) Holocene. Scripps Institution of Ocean-ography, 1961 Sahul Shelf Cruise 2 of Stranger, Core V-227, 11?59.2'S, 123?53.
17) Holocene. Scripps Institution of Oceanog-raphy, 1960 Sahul Shelf Cruise 1 of the Malita, Core V-27, 9?46.0'S, 128?21.5'E, 89 m, Timor Sea. (18) Holocene. Scripps Institution of Oceanography
- E Sea
E, 94 m, Timor Sea. (17) Holocene. Scripps Institution of Oceanog-raphy, 1960 Sahul Shelf Cruise 1 of the Malita, Core V-27, 9?46.0'S, 128?21.5'E, 89 m, Timor Sea. (18) Holocene. Scripps Institution of Oceanography, 1961 Sahul Shelf Cruise 2, of the Stranger, Core V-224, 12?
Die Lagenendes Golfes von Neapel und der marinen Ablagerungen auf Ischia (Beitrage zur Naturgeschichte der insel Ischial). K. Leop.-Carol
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A monograph of the Foraminifera of the North Pacific Ocean
- J A Cushman
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of the North Pacific Ocean; Part 3,
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